Chapter
2
Title:
John
Arthur:
Religion,
Morality,
and
Conscience
Quote:
“Mortality
is
social”
Expectation:
I
expect
to
learn
more
about
the
religion,
morality
and
conscience
of
human
being.
Book
Review:
In
general,
the
article
is
about
morality
and
religion.
It
discusses
the
differences
between
the
two.
Religion
is
described
in
a
society
that
has
own
beliefs.
It
has
something
to
do
in
worship
to
God
that
they
believe
who
created
every
one
of
us.
While
morality
is
to
ask
what
it
would
mean
for
a
society
to
exist
without
a
social
moral
code.
In
this
chapter,
I
understood
the
Divine
Command
Theory,
know
why
John
Arthur
said
that
religion
and
moral
is
different
and
know
that
Dewey
means
morality
is
social.
I
have
learned
that
religion
is
necessary
for
providing
motivation
for
morality.
It
is
also
necessary
for
guidance
in
what
is
right
and
wrong.
Religion
does
not
provide
straightforward
guidance.
It
needs
to
be
interpreted,
but
in
order
to
interpret
it
we
should
bring
moral
beliefs
to
abide.
Therefore,
religion
has
something
to
do
with
morality
in
some
way
it
claims
that
God
determines
what
is
right
and
what
is
wrong.
John
Arthur
compares
this
to
legal
policies
of
the
government,
if
there
would
be
no
God’s
presence
there
would
be
no
moral
right
or
wrong
just
as
without
a
legislature
there
would
be
no
legal
right
or
wrong.
He
also
argues
that
the
divine
command
theory
has
some
undesirable
consequences.
Arthur
believes
that
everyone
who
needs
a
religion
they
should
believe
in
one
thing
such
as
religious
beliefs.
In
morality
as
being
social,
in
this
sense,
it
does
not
mean
that
one’s
society
is
impossible
to
criticize
one
another.
Thus,
criticizing
a
social
morality
does
not
respite
on
the
ideality
of
the
internalization
but
rather
on
the
existing
individuality
of
everybody.
Integrity
Questions:
What
is
morality?
What
is
religion?
What
is
conscience?
What
is
the
Divine
Command
theory?
Who
is
Arthur?
Who
is
Dewey?
Review
Questions:
1.
According
to
Arthur,
how
are
morality
and
religion
different?
Religion
is
described
in
a
society
that
has
own
beliefs.
It
has
something
to
do
in
worship
to
God
that
they
believe
who
created
every
one
of
us.
The
society
is
praying
to
God
for
help
in
dealing
with
their
problems
and
thanking
Him
for
their
good
fortune.
While
morality
is
to
ask
what
it
would
mean
for
a
society
to
exist
without
a
social
moral
code.
It
is
a
responsibility
for
every
people
that
they
have
to
take
care
of.
2.
Why
isn’t
religion
necessary
for
moral
motivation?
Religion
is
not
needed
in
providing
moral
motivation
or
guidance
and
that
the
religious
person
should
not
give
to
to
the
divine
command
theory’s
claim
that
God
is
essential
for
there
to
be
morality.
It
is
because
that
the
morality
and
religion
are
independent
of
each
other.
Morality
can
leave
without
religion
and
vice
versa.
One
thing
is
every
one
of
us
has
there
own
perspectives.
3.
Why
isn’t
religion
necessary
as
a
source
of
moral
knowledge?
Religion
teaches
about
God,
while
moral
knowledge
talks
about
the
human
behavior.
4.
What
is
the
divine
command
theory?
Why
does
Arthur
reject
this
theory?
Divine
Command
theory
talks
about
God.
His
law
is
also
our
law.
Arthur
rejects
this
theory
because
whatever
God
told
us
in
the
Law
is
correct.
What
if
it
is
not
written
then
it
is
wrong?
5.
According
to
Arthur,
how
are
morality
and
religion
connected?
Religion
also
plays
a
role
in
morality
that
relates
to
the
motives
of
every
people.
If
people
will
have
their
own
religion,
many
of
them
will
probably
do
right.
Normally,
it
begins
with
the
of 00
Chapter 2
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