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Name:
Fuat
Surname:
SUMER
Number:
071635
Department:
History
Topic:
’ ConflictinCyprus’ in 20th Century , Yesterday,Today, Tomorrow on The Cyprus
 
Cyprus, an island in the Eastern Mediterranean, at the cross-roads of Three continents - Europe, Asia and Africa -has one of the oldest historiesOf the world.it’s the 3rd Largest Mediterranean Island(1.Sicily, 2.Sardinia)Official Languagesare; Turkish,English,Greek.Capitalis the same for Both Side, Nicosia.Currenciesare Euro,TL,Pound.Religionsare;The Turkish Cypriots are Muslims and share the culture of their motherland, Turkey.
 
The Greek Cypriots, on the other hand, speak Greek, are OrthodoxChristians and profess the culture of their motherland Greece,Also you canFind small groups of Jews, Baha’i, Protestant, Roman Catholic, Maronite,And Armenian Apostolic.Present Population:According to CIA Statistics;
 
The population of Cyprus ( in July 2008) is 796,740. The population isMostly Greek(78%), followed by Turkish (18%), and lastly, other (5%).Its strategic position, its wealth in forests and mineral deposits.
 
The first signs of human life on the island in8500 BC during thePalaeolithic period. Evidence of human activity wasFound in cave dwellings near Liopetri.In the Bronze(Copper) Age LargeCopper deposits brought fame and wealth to the island and may haveEven given it its name.
 
The island was conquered in succession by theAssyrians, the Egyptians and the Persians (800-332 BC).
 
The RomanPeriod Cyprus came under Roman domination and was a colony in 58 BC.In the middle age The Christian civilisation was consolidated in the islandDuring the Byzantine Period (330-1191 AD) at which time the island wasAn important spiritual focus.
 
The end of the Latin period in Cyprus came
 
With the Venetian rule from 1489 to 1571.Then Cyprus fell to the Turks in1571, becoming part of the Ottoman Empire.
 
After more than 300 years of Turkish rule,
 
Cyprus remained under Ottoman rule until 1878 when, withThe Treaty of Berlin, the Sultan in his effort to secure British support in hisConflict with the Russians leased Cyprus to Great Britain. Then in 1914,Following the entry of Turkey in World War I on the side of Germany, theBritish government annexed Cyprus and the island came under BritishInfluence in 1878, but sovereignty was formally transferred by Turkey toBritain in 1923.This part is the general History of Cyprus before theStarting of Conflict With Turks And Greeks.But After the WWII
 
ThereFollowed the Enosis referendum of 1950, when 96% of Greek CypriotsVoted for Enosis, Union with Greece. In April 1955 the EOKALiberation Struggle, against the colonial rulers.British colonial administration continued until 1960 when as a joint bi-Communal state, the Republic of Cyprus was founded under internationalTreaties, signed by Great Britain, Greece and Turkey, and by the leadersOf both the Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot communities in theirSeparate capacities.
 
The 1960 arrangements created a politicalPartnership between the two national communities which would enableThem to share power and cooperate in a bi-communal state, with theNecessary checks and balances and guarantees. Unfortunately, thisPolitical partnership and the internationally sanctioned regime lasted onlyThree years.
 
The Greek Cypriots continued unlawfully to campaign againstA bi-communal independent state and on 21 December 1963 put into
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