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Lets say: Input Losses = 80% (for top oil establishment) Rated current for 1 hr for winding = 90%

of winding rated current At equilibrium: Top oil = 75 DegC Bottom oil = 45 DegC Winding Temp. (from cooling curve/graph) = 80 DegC Ambient = 35 DegC Now come to calculations: 1. Top oil rise = 75 35 = 40 DegC rise (at 80%) At 100% (as per IEC 5.6 clause) = 40 x (100/80)^0.9 = 48.9 Deg C 48.9 Deg C is the final top oil rise (exponent 0.9 is for ON cooling, so use your appropriate exponent form the IEC 76-2 clause 5.6 !) 2. During 1 hr for winding temp establishment, the average oil temp falls. So this fall must be added to winding final temp rise to get actual winding temp rise (ref: IEC 76-2 clause 5.2.2 see the second last and last paragraph). So we have: Oil average temp = (75+45)/2 = 60 DegC (at 80% power) Average rise = 60 35 = 25 DegC (at 80% power) = 25 x (100/80)^0.9 = 30.6 DegC (at 100% power) Winding Rise = 80 35 = 45 DegC Winding rise over oil average = 45 25 = 20 DegC (at 90% of rated current) = 20 x (100/90)^1.6 = 23.7 DegC (exponent 1.6 is for ON and OF cooled transformers !!! ) Winding rise (final/actual) = 23.7 + 30.6 = 54.3 DegC Hence, the top oil rise is 48.9 DegC and winding average rise is 54.3 DegC

In continuation to prev email: The hotspot rise = Top oil temp rise + 1.3 x temp. diff. between avg. winding and avg. oil "1.3" factor is from IEC loading guide

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