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OTC 20176, Overview Paper onTC 20176, Overview Paper on
OCEAN THERMAL ENERGYCEAN THERMAL ENERGY
Robert Cohen, Consultantobert Cohen, Consultant<r.<r.cohen@ieeeohen@ieee.org>org>OTC 2009TC 2009, HoustonHouston— May 7, 2009May 7, 2009TOPICS:OPICS:
 
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The Resource & the Technologyhe Resource & the Technology• Market Applications & Costsarket Applications & Costs• Engineering Requirementsngineering Requirements• Technical Challengesechnical Challenges• Environmental Aspectsnvironmental Aspects
 
The Ocean Thermal Energy Resourcehe Ocean Thermal Energy Resource
NATURE PROVIDES AN INCONSPICUOUS, YET VAST,ATURE PROVIDES AN INCONSPICUOUS, YET VAST,OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY RESOURCECEAN THERMAL ENERGY RESOURCE
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Solar radiation is naturallyolar radiation is naturallycollectedollected
 
by the worldy the world’soceans andceans andconvertedonvertedto heatto heatstoredtoredin the mixed layern the mixed layer
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The temperature of thishe temperature of thisheat sourceeat sourceisisconstant 24/7,onstant 24/7,but varies seasonallyut varies seasonally
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A heat sinkeat sinkof very cold seawater is naturally availablef very cold seawater is naturally availablein the major oceans at depths of about 1 kmn the major oceans at depths of about 1 km
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In 1881n 1881d’Arsonvalrsonvalpointed out that electricity can beointed out that electricity can begenerated from the temperature difference betweenenerated from the temperature difference betweenthe oceaniche oceanicheat sourceeat sourceand the oceanicand the oceanicheat sinkeat sink
2
 
Global Map of theGlobal Map of theOcean Thermal ResourceOcean Thermal Resource
Contours of annual average temperature differencesContours of annual average temperature differences((
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TT’’ss)),,in degrees Celsius,in degrees Celsius,available in the worldavailable in the world’’ssmajormajoroceans between surface waters (oceans between surface waters (heat sourceheat source))and the coldand the coldwater at water at 1,000 meters depth1,000 meters depth((heat sinkheat sink))
>24
o
>22
o
>20
o
>22
o
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