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IDRC
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Lib.
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4
4q
Workshop:
"DecisionSupport
Systems
for
Sustainable
Development:Software
Technology
for
Agenda
21"
The Workshop
"DecisionSupport Systems
for
Sustainable Development:Software
Technology
for
Agenda21"
has been
organized
by
UNU/IIST(UnitedNations University
/
InternationalInstitute
for
SoftwareTechnology,Macau) and IDRC(International
DevelopmentResearch
Centre, Canada)
in
Macau, 26 February
-
8
March
1996.
The
Macau Foundationand Macau Polytechnicsponsored some
events
of
theWorkshop.Forty
four
scientists from
21
countries attended the Workshop. The Workshopprogram included
invitedlectures,
casestudypresentations,round-table discussions
and
presentation
of scientific
papers. Good
workingatmosphere
and
very
high
scientific
level
of
mostpresentations were
matched
by
participants'involvement
in
discussions, hands-on laboratorysessions and planning
for future
collaboration.
A
position paperbased on plenary
discussions will
by
produced
by
the
end
of
April
and published
in
a
major
journal
concerning informationtechnology
in
development. Theposition paper will identify
main
issues
of
development
and
deployment
of
decisionsupport systems
in
developingcountries to improvedecisionmaking
in
suchareas as social services,
environmental protection,health services, naturalresources management.The
paper
endorsed
by all
participants willdiscuss the
roleand
contribution
of
informationtechnologyspecialists
in
implementation
of
Agenda
21.
The following post-workshopactivities are
being carriedout:
-
exchange
of
messages
on
the list
server (iist-uw@cousteau.uwaterloo.ca)
-
preparation
of
the position paper(Pat
Hall,
e-mail:
p.a.v.hall@open.ac.uk,
fax:
44-1908-552140),
- editing
of
a
DSS book (editors:
A.
Yeh,
G.
Kersten,
M.
Rais);
a
list serverwill
be
madeavailable
for
thecorrespondence regardingthe book at CarletonUniversity;
-
samplesoftware suite
for
DSS
development
(J.
G.
Krishnayya
e-mail:
jgk@soochak.ncst.ernet.in,
fax:
91-212-477902,
B.
Adams
e-mail:b.adams@facet.com, fax:1-604-739 7753);pleasesend
suggestions which freesoftware should
be
included
in
a
DSSsuite.Pleasesend
your comments
regardingpost-workshopactivities and new ideasto the listserver,
or specificactivity groupor
to
me (zmikolajuk
a idre.ca).Information,accesstoinformation,knowledge,development policyand
decision-makingare imminenttopics
in
discussions
on
sustainabledevelopment. Agenda
21
underlinesthe necessity
to
improvedecision-making
concerning economicdevelopment
and
environmental protectionat
local,
nationaland internationallevels.Decisionstaken
by
every
manand
woman, municipal
and
provincialauthorities,governmentdepartments,multinationalcorporations
and
internationalorganizations willdeterminethe realization
of
sustainabledevelopment. Agenda
21
calls
for
researchprogramsand implementation
of
informationsystems whichsupport decision-makingbased
on
sound information
and procedures.Globalsharing
of
knowledge,collaborationand coordination
of
decision-makingat
all
levelswill
need new
tools
and methods.
A
practical,and
in
my
opinion, critical issue
in
achieving sustainabledevelopment
is
howthe
wide rangeofdecisionswill
be
madeand coordinated
on localand
globalscales. Technicalaids areessential
for
both
information-
and
judgment-drivendecision-making. Interdependence
of
international,regionaland national
development,
poses
stronger
than
in
the
past,
requirementsforexchange
of
informationandsharing
of
knowledgeand coordination
of
actions.
Local,
as wellas global
factorsmust
be
taken
into
consideration
and
availableacademic
as
wellas traditionalknowledgemust
be
appliedto solvesustainabledevelopmentproblems.Computerizeddecision supportsystems,well integratedwithdecision-makingprocesses
and
valued
by
decision-makers,willcontribute
to
the implementation
of
objectives
of
sustainabledevelopment.
P
e.
r
N(ikv4it
 
Sustainabledevelopment implies
a
holistic approach to human development and preservation
of
thenaturalenvironment.Decisions regarding economic,
political,
or
social activities should solve concrete problems, andat the same time, all
implications fromthepoint-of-view
of
the paradigm
of
sustainable development
should
be
analysed.Many
decision-makers are
not prepared
for
handling the complexity
of
such
an
analysis.DSSwithbuilt-inknowledge
concerning the analysis
and
capability
to
investigate
and
correlate
large amounts
of
data areneeded.Since the1970s, DSS research has
concentrated
on
financial (banking, insurance)
and medical systems.New
applicationdomains
need
to
be
investigated from the viewpoint
of
decision-makingforsustainabledevelopment
:
- land and
water
management;
- food
production
and
distribution;
-
poverty alleviation;
-
primary health services;
-
public services and administration;
-
education;
- pollution
control;
- urban
planning and management;
-
natural
disaster
recovery;
-
population growth control; and
-
economic
planning.
There
aremany
definitions
of
decision support systems
and
their functions
in
decision -making processes.Some
definitions are so
broad
that simple
software tools such as spreadsheets
or
databasepackages are
labelled as DSS.
They are used
in
a
technology
driven
market to "sell"a particular technology,
e.g.
relationaldata base management,
GIS,
expert systems, document
management.One can develop
a
sophisticated
DSS
using
a
spreadsheet or
data base package, but
it
would be more appropriateto call these packages DSS
generators
or
simply software tools.
A
combination
of different
software tools
is
needed
in
the case
of
development
of
DSS
for sustainable development
applications.
A
decision support systemcan
be
defined
byits
functionalcharacteristics as
a
system designed
tosupport:-
the analysis
of
decision problems,
-
determination
and
evaluation
of
alternative decisions,
-
selection
of
a
particular decision (orrejection
in
given conditions),and- monitoring
of
the execution
of
selected decisions
and
suggestingcorrective actions.DSSprovides software
for
collecting
and
processing
of
data, applying
encodeddomain knowledge
and
communicating
withusers.
In
the area
of
sustainabledevelopment
a
DSS
is
designedto supportdecision-makers
andnotto
replacethemas opposite
to
someautomatic controlormanufacturingsystemswhichaim atreplacinghuman decision-making
in
industrial processes.
Workshop
Programme:Monday,26 February
1996
Welcome
UNU/IIST, IDRC,Macau FoundationDSC&C,
A Framework for
Research
on
DSS
for
Sustainable Development,Zbigniew Mikolajuk,
IDRC,
CanadaGeneral
DSS Issuesand
Survey
of
Research
in
DSS
Gregory
E.
Kersten,
Carleton University,Ottawa,Ontario, Canada
 
PopulationGrowthand Health
&
Social ServicesBrent
Hall,
University
of
Waterloo,CanadaPopulation Growth
and Health & Social Services:
Case StudyBrent
Hall and
Serge
Poulard,
University
of
Waterloo,Canada
andECLAC,Santiago,
ChileTuesday,
27
Feb.
1996DSS:
State
of
the
Art
Jian-Kang Wu,Institute
of
Systems
Science,
NUS,
SingaporeFinding Decision Rules
in
Data
for
Knowledge-Based DecisionSupport Systems,TuBao
Ho
IolT, Hanoi, Vietnam,
pt.,
JAIST,JapanMonitoring
and Evaluation Infomation System
of
Major Natural Disasters
in
China: GIS
Development andApplication
He
Jianbang, State
Key Lab
of
Resource
and
Environment InformationSystem,Chinese Academy
of
Sciences,
Beijing,
ChinaMulti-Criteria
/Multi-Objective
Decision Procedures
using GIS:IDRISI
Case Study
Demo,
J.R.
Eastman,
M.
Ramachandran, TheClark
Labs,
Clark
University, USAMulti-Criteria
/Multi-Objective Decision Procedures
usingGIS:IDRISI
Case Study
Hands-on,
J. R.
Eastman,
M.
Ramachandran TheClark
Labs,
Clark University,USAWednesday,
28
Feb.1996
DSS
for
SustainableDevelopment,
J.
G.
Krishnayya Systems Research Institute,
Pune, India
Uncertainty
andDecision
Risk
in
Multi-Criteria
Evaluation: Implication
for
GIS Software Design,
J.
RonaldEastman,
The Clark
Labs,
Clark
University, USABuilding DSS Planning
in
India:
SomeLessons,Subhash Bhatnagar
I.I.M.,
Ahmedabad,
India
Guandong
Flood Protectionand
Disaster
Reduction,
Auxiliary DecisionSupport System -- A Study
of
DSS
for
SDChen Shijing,LiaoQifang,
Guangzhou Institute
of
Geography,ChinaDecision Support Systems
in
Chernobyl GIS
Project,
V.
S.
ChabanyukIntelligent
Systems,
Inc., Kyiv,
UkraineThursday, 29
Feb. 1996
GIS
Development
and
Application
in
Management
of
Natural Resourcesand Environment
VladimirTikunovMoscow
State University, Moscow,RussiaGIS Based DSS
forSustainable Development
Mukand
Rao,
V.
Jayaraman,
M.
G.
Chanderashekar
ISRO,
Bangalore, IndiaSpatial Decision
Support
and
Tourism
PlanningRobert
D.
Feick and
G.
Brent
Hall
University
of
Waterloo,Canada
of 00

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