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Table of Contents
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 3.1. Robust, Secure, Self-Forming Networks............................................................................143.2. Detection, Precision ID, Tracking, and Destruction of Elusive Targets.............................203.3. Urban Area Operations.......................................................................................................223.4. Advanced Manned and Unmanned Systems.......................................................................253.5. Detection, Characterization, and Assessment of Underground Structures.........................283.6. Space...................................................................................................................................303.7. Increasing the Tooth to Tail Ratio......................................................................................333.8. Bio-Revolution....................................................................................................................373.9. Core Technologies..............................................................................................................433.9.1. Quantum Science and Technology.......................................................................433.9.2. Bio-Info-Micro......................................................................................................433.9.3. Materials...............................................................................................................443.9.4. Power and Energy.................................................................................................453.9.5. Microsystems........................................................................................................453.9.6. Information Technology.......................................................................................483.9.7. Mathematics..........................................................................................................483.9.8. Manufacturing Science and Technology..............................................................493.9.9. Lasers....................................................................................................................49
 
 
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List of Figures
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Figure 1: DARPA’s organization....................................................................................................2Figure 2: Timelines and investments in science and technology....................................................3Figure 3: DARPA’s role in science and technology.......................................................................4Figure 4: DARPA’s Basic Research funding (current dollars).......................................................4Figure 5: Total S&T funding in DoD and DARPA (current dollars).............................................4Figure 6: DARPA’s senior leadership and technical program managers have visitednumerous military bases, commands, training centers, and other Defensefacilities........................................................................................................................7Figure 7: Key DARPA accomplishments spanning more than five decades..................................8Figure 8: DARPA transition methods...........................................................................................11Figure 9: Bridging the Network-Centric Operations gap between strategic/operationaland tactical levels of deployment and warfare...........................................................15Figure 10: DARPA’s Network Centric Radio System – a dual-rate, mobile ad hocnetwork for the maneuver force.................................................................................15Figure 11: XG Communications technology and system concepts for dynamic spectrumaccess..........................................................................................................................16Figure 12: The Optical RF Communications Adjunct (ORCA) program will design,build, and demonstrate a prototype tactical network connecting ground-basedand airborne elements.................................................................................................17Figure 13: The goal of the Next Generation Core Optical Networks (CORONET)program is to increase optical network throughput with reduced latency andoperational cost...........................................................................................................18Figure 14: Chip-Scale Atomic Clock: ultra-miniaturized, low-power, atomic time andfrequency reference units...........................................................................................19Figure 15: Networked operations..................................................................................................21Figure 16: A composite image of a tank under trees formed from observations by a ladarsensor..........................................................................................................................21Figure 17: Decision aids help manage and adjust sensor routes to cover moving targets............22Figure 18: LANdroid concept of operations.................................................................................25Figure 19: Unmanned Vehicles – the increasing challenge of autonomy....................................26Figure 20: A160 long endurance unmanned rotorcraft demonstrating a 1000 poundpayload carriage capability over a distance of 962 kilometers during an eighthour flight in September 2007....................................................................................26Figure 21: Vulture ultra-long endurance aircraft..........................................................................27Figure 22: Tartan Racing’s (Carnegie Mellon University) “Boss,” the first place finisherin the DARPA Urban Challenge, on the course.........................................................28Figure 23: Cave entrance..............................................................................................................29Figure 24: Underground facility detection and characterization..................................................29Figure 25: DARPA’s space thrust.................................................................................................30Figure 26: Falcon hypersonic technology vehicle (HTV)............................................................31Figure 27: The System F6 space architecture replaces the traditional monolithicspacecraft with a wireless “virtual spacecraft” operating as a cluster of modules.......................................................................................................................32Figure 28: Major themes supporting enhanced decision-making.................................................33Figure 29: Personalized Assistant that Learns (PAL)...................................................................34
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