The Process of Developing a Clean Water Solutio
n
Fo
rm a VillageWater Committee
The first step in initiating a cleanwater project is the formulationof a village water committee that
will be intimately involvedthroughout the project from theearly planning and constructionstages to the ongoing operations
and maintenance of theconstructed facility. This groupwill be thoroughly educated with
the adequate skills and providedwith the necessary resources tooversee operations of the well orfacility once the project is
completed.
Site Investigation,
Technology Selection,
& Engineering Design
This stage involves a preliminaryinvestigation of the project site to
determine the most effective cleanwater solution considering thelocal conditions. While theconstruction of a borehole is
common, other options existincluding the rehabilitation of anorphan borehole, the development
of a rainwater harvesting system,
the treatment and diversion of a
surface water supply, or theconstruction of a hand-dug well.The criteria considered in selectingthe most appropriate technologyinclude reliability and quality of
the proposed supply, geographicalconstraints, and associated costs.
F
acility Constructio
n
Once an appropriate technology is
selected and the facility has beendesigned, the construction processbegins. This often involves hiringof a third-party contractor, unlessstaff and equipment is availablein-house among the project
partners. Construction dura
tion
varies highly depending upon theavailability of resources andmaterials, weather conditions, andtransportation capacity. In Ghan
a,
the construction window typically
lasts from January-April to avoidconstruction during the rainyseason.
Water Quality Testing
Once the facility is constructed, a
water quality sample is taken andsent to a certified laboratory for
testing to ensure that it meetsWorld Health Organizationstandards. If the water is testednon-compliant, treatment options
must be investigated to remove thecontaminant of concern.
Commissioning& Engineering Repor
t
Finally, the well or other facility iscommissioned and readied forcommunity use. By this time, thevillage water committee has beenfully educated on the proper useand maintenance of the facility.
A
final report is developed by theproject engineer and/or
hydrogeologist documenting theconstruction of the well for future
reference.
1 month1
month
1 mont
h
1 week3 months
Fo
rm a
Village
Water Comitte
e
Site Investigation, TechnologySelection, & Engineering Design
F
acility ConstructionCommissioning &Engineering Repor
t
Water Quality Testing
The general process for developing and implementing a clean water solution is
sequenced in the timeline below:
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