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RS-422/485 Application Note Cover Page
 © Copyright B&B Electronics -- Revised 2506
 B&B Electronics Mfg Co – 707 Dayton Rd - PO Box 1040 - Ottawa IL 61350 - Ph 815-433-5100 - Fax 815-433-5104 B&B Electronics Ltd – Westlink Comm. Pk – Oranmore, Galway, Ireland – Ph 353-91-792444 – Fax 353-91-792445
 RS-422 and RS-485 Application Note
International Headquarters 
B&B Electronics Mfg. Co. Inc.707 Dayton Road -- P.O. Box 1040 -- Ottawa, IL 61350 USAPhone (815) 433-5100 -- General Fax (815) 433-5105
Home Page: www.bb-elec.com
Customer Service e-mail:sales@bb-elec.com-- Fax (815) 433-5109Technical Support e-mail:support@bb.elec.com-- Fax (815) 433-5104
European Headquarters 
B&B Electronics Ltd.Westlink Commercial Park, Oranmore, Co. Galway, IrelandPhone (353) 91 792444 -- Fax (353) 91 792445
Home Page: www.bb-europe.com
Sales e-mail:sales@bb-europe.com Technical Support e-mail:support@bb-europe.com 
©
Copyright B&B Electronics -- Revised June 2006
 
RS-422/485 Application Note Table of Contents i
 © Copyright B&B Electronics -- Revised 2506
 B&B Electronics Mfg Co – 707 Dayton Rd - PO Box 1040 - Ottawa IL 61350 - Ph 815-433-5100 - Fax 815-433-5104 B&B Electronics Ltd – Westlink Comm. Pk – Oranmore, Galway, Ireland – Ph 353-91-792444 – Fax 353-91-792445
Table of Contents 
CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW
...............................................................................1
I
NTRODUCTION
.................................................................................................1D
ATA
T
RANSMISSION
S
IGNALS
.........................................................................1
Unbalanced Line Drivers.............................................................................1 Balanced Line Drivers.................................................................................1 Balanced Line Receivers..............................................................................3
EIA
 
S
TANDARD
RS-422
 
D
ATA
T
RANSMISSION
................................................3EIA
 
S
TANDARD
RS-485
 
D
ATA
T
RANSMISSION
................................................6T
RISTATE
C
ONTROL OF AN
RS-485
 
D
EVICE USING
RTS...................................9S
END
D
ATA
C
ONTROL OF AN
RS-485
 
D
EVICE
................................................11
CHAPTER 2: SYSTEM CONFIGURATION..............................................13
N
ETWORK
T
OPOLOGIES
..................................................................................13T
WO
W
IRE OR
F
OUR
W
IRE
S
YSTEMS
..............................................................13T
ERMINATION
.................................................................................................16B
IASING AN
RS-485
 
N
ETWORK
......................................................................17E
XTENDING THE
S
PECIFICATION
.....................................................................19
CHAPTER 3: SELECTING RS-422 AND RS-485 CABLING...................20
N
UMBER OF
C
ONDUCTORS
.............................................................................20S
HIELDING
......................................................................................................20C
ABLE
C
HARACTERISTICS
..............................................................................20
CHAPTER 4: TRANSIENT PROTECTION OF RS-422 AND RS-485SYSTEMS.........................................................................................................23
W
HAT DOES A SURGE LOOK LIKE
?..................................................................23
Surge Specifications...................................................................................23Common Mode vs. Differential Mode........................................................25
G
ROUND
≠
 
G
ROUND
.......................................................................................26T
RANSIENT PROTECTION USING
I
SOLATION
....................................................27
 Isolation Theory.........................................................................................27  Isolation Devices........................................................................................28
T
RANSIENT
P
ROTECTION USING
S
HUNTING
....................................................28
Shunting Theory.........................................................................................28Connecting Signal Grounds.......................................................................29Shunting Devices........................................................................................29
C
OMBINING
I
SOLATION AND
S
HUNTING
.........................................................29S
PECIAL
C
ONSIDERATION FOR
F
AULT
C
ONDITIONS
........................................31C
HOOSING THE RIGHT PROTECTION FOR YOUR SYSTEM
...................................31
 
ii Table of Contents RS-422/485 Application Note
 © Copyright B&B Electronics -- Revised 2506
 B&B Electronics Mfg Co – 707 Dayton Rd - PO Box 1040 - Ottawa IL 61350 - Ph 815-433-5100 - Fax 815-433-5104 B&B Electronics Ltd – Westlink Comm. Pk – Oranmore, Galway, Ireland – Ph 353-91-792444 – Fax 353-91-792445
CHAPTER 5: SOFTWARE...........................................................................33
I
NTRODUCTION
...............................................................................................33RS-422
 
S
YSTEMS
............................................................................................33RS-485
 
D
RIVER
C
ONTROL
..............................................................................33RS-485
 
R
ECEIVER
C
ONTROL
..........................................................................34M
ASTER
-S
LAVE
S
YSTEMS
..............................................................................34
Four Wire Master-Slave Systems...............................................................34Two Wire Master-Slave Systems................................................................34
M
ULTI
-M
ASTER
RS-485
 
S
YSTEMS
.................................................................35S
YSTEMS WITH
P
ORT
P
OWERED
C
ONVERTERS
................................................35
CHAPTER 6: SELECTING RS-485 DEVICES..........................................36CHAPTER 7: SOURCES OF FURTHER INFORMATION.....................37APPENDIX A: EIA SPECIFICATION SUMMARY.................................38APPENDIX B: EIA STANDARD RS-423 DATA TRANSMISSION........40
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