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Arthritis
Meeting theChallenge
At A GLANCE
2009
NATIONAL CENTER FOR CHRONIC DISEASE PREVENTION AND HEALTH PROMOTION
IMPROVING HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE FOR ALL PEOPLE
 
Wa i A?
 Arthritis comprises more than 100 dierent rheumatic diseasesand conditions, the most common o which is osteoarthritis.
Other requently occurring orms o arthritis include rheumatoid
 arthritis, lupus, bromyalgia, and gout. Common symptomsinclude pain, aching, stiness, and swelling in or around the joints. Some orms o arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis and
lupus, can aect multiple organs and cause widespread symptoms.
 Although arthritis is more common among adults aged 65 yearsor older, people o all ages (including children) can be aected.Nearly two-thirds o people with arthritis are younger than age65. Arthritis is more common among women (24.4%) thanmen (18.1%) in every age group, and it aects members o allracial and ethnic groups.
Wy i A a Publc heal Poblem?
High prevalence.
An estimated 46 million U.S. adults (about1 in 5) report doctor-diagnosed arthritis, according to annualestimates. As the U.S. population ages, these numbers areexpected to increase sharply. Te number o adults with doctor-diagnosed arthritis is projected to increase to 67 million by 2030, and more than one-third o these adults will have limitedactivity as a result. In addition, a recent study indicated thatsome orm o arthritis aects 1 in every 250 children.
Common disability.
Arthritis is the nation’s most commoncause o disability. Nearly 19 million U.S. adults report activity limitations because o arthritis each year. Among all U.S. adultso working age (18–64 years), about 1 in 20 report that they have arthritis that limits their work. Among the 23 millionadults with arthritis in this age group, arthritis-attributable work limitations aect about 1 in 3 people.
High lifetime risk.
A recent community study estimatedthat the lietime risk o developing knee osteoarthritis seriousenough to cause painul symptoms is 45%. Risk increasesto 57% among people with a past knee injury. Lietime risk orknee osteoarthritis also goes up with increased weight, and3 in 5 people who are obese are at risk.
High costs.
In 2003, the total cost o arthritis was $128 billion,including $81 billion in direct costs (medical) and $47 billionin indirect costs (lost earnings). Tis total is equal to 1.2%o the 2003 U.S. gross domestic product. Each year, arthritisresults in 992,100 hospitalizations and 44 million outpatientvisits.
Risky complications.
Arthritis makes it more dicult orpeople to be physically active, and not being physically active isa risk actor or many chronic diseases. More than hal o adults with diabetes or heart disease also have arthritis. Research showsthat pain, ear o pain, ear o worsening symptoms or damaging joints, and lack o inormation on how to exercise saely preventpeople with arthritis rom being physically active. o eectively manage chronic conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, andobesity, people with arthritis need help nding ways to over-come arthritis-specic barriers to physical activity.
A: te Naon’ Mo Common Caue of Dably
2
010203040506070
Healthyweight
   P  e  r  c  e  n   t   (   %   )
30%Overweight Obese47%61%
rk of Developng Panful Knee Oeoainceae W Weg
Source:
 Arthritis Care and Research
2008;59:1207–13.
“Public health in the uture will be increasingly about 
improving the quality of life, not merely its length.
 Arthritis, with the pain and limitation it inficts on millions o our people, young and old, sits right in the center o that uture.” 
 James S. Marks, MD, MPH
Senior Vice President and Director, Health GroupRobert Wood Johnson Foundation
 
3
Wa Can Be Done o Adde A?
Learn techniques to manage arthritis.
Sel-managementeducation programs such as the Arthritis Foundations Sel-HelpProgram can teach people how to manage arthritis and lessenits eects. Tis 6-week course reduces arthritis pain by 20%and physician visits by 40% or participants. Unortunately,this program is not available in all areas o the country. More widespread use o this program and similar courses, such as theChronic Disease Sel-Management Program, which addressesarthritis along with other chronic diseases, could save money and improve quality o lie or people with arthritis.
Be physically active.
For people with arthritis, physical activities
 such as walking, bicycling, and swimming have been shown
tohave signifcant benefts, including reducing pain and improving
 physical unction, mental health, and quality o lie.Te Arthritis Foundation Exercise Program, the ArthritisFoundation Aquatics Program, and EnhanceFitness are threeexamples o community exercise programs that have beenshown to improve health among participants.
Control your weight.
Weight control and injury preventionmeasures can lower a persons risk o developing osteoarthritis. Weight loss also can reduce symptoms or people with kneeosteoarthritis.
Consult a physician.
Early diagnosis and appropriate manage-ment are especially important or people with infammatory arthritis. Recommendations rom health care providers are themost infuential actor in convincing people to take an arthritissel-management course.CDC is committed to leading strategic public health eortsto promote well-being, prevent chronic disease, and achievehealth equity. With $13 million in Fiscal Year 2008 (FY 2008)unding, CDC is working with the Arthritis Foundation, theNational Association o Chronic Disease Directors (NACDD),state arthritis program directors, and other partners to improvequality o lie or adults with arthritis.Tese eorts include the
National Arthritis Action Plan: A Public Health Strategy 
, developed by CDC, the Arthritis Foundation,the Association o State and erritorial Health Ocials, and 90other organizations, to address the growing problem o arthritis.By implementing the goals o the action plan, CDC and itspartners are moving toward achieving the rst-ever arthritis-related national objectives outlined in
Healthy People 2010.
In addition, CDC is convening science, program, and policy leaders in partnership with the Arthritis Foundation to developa national public health agenda or addressing osteoarthritis, the
most common type o arthritis and a requent cause o disability and expensive joint replacement.
Te agenda will develop strate-gies or addressing osteoarthritis as a major public health issuein the next 5 years. CDC also will identiy model disseminationeorts that can be replicated in other states, as well as modelsor working with partners and other chronic disease programsat state, regional, and national levels.
Wa Acve Doe CDC’ A Pogamsuppo?
Te primary goal o CDC’s Arthritis Program is to improvequality o lie or people aected by arthritis. Te programachieves this goal by supporting the ollowing ve key activities:
1. Building state programs.
Over the past 5 years, state health departments have successully used CDC unding to build capacity in their arthritis programs.Tese eorts include creating new partnerships, increasingpublic awareness, improving their ability to monitor the burdeno arthritis, and delivering evidence-based interventions.Recommendations rom a 2007 expert panel are being usedto guide current state program activities, build on the lessonslearned by states, and guide eorts to expand program reach.Tese recommendations have led to a new approach o undingstates at higher levels to increase the eectiveness o stateprograms and to reach more people with arthritis in undedstates. Beginning in 2008, CDC gave 12 states (down rom36 in previous years) an average o $500,000 per year as parto a 4-year cooperative agreement (see map on Arthritis insert).Tis unding helps state arthritis programs increase the reacho CDC-recommended, evidence-based interventions. Statesalso are encouraged to apply innovative policy, communication,and partnership strategies to reach their program goals.
CDC’ repone
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