ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering

Lecture 07: Linepipe Fabrication

Shawn Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. Assistant Professor Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science Memorial University of Newfoundland spkenny@engr.mun.ca

Lecture 06 Objective

To provide an overview of fabrication methods for linepipe

2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Linepipe Fabrication Considerations

Level of Vendor Integration

Steel mill (making) versus linepipe fabricator Source material (plate, coil) Pricing contracts Mechanical property specification probably met Welding procedures may require assessment
Ref: JFE (2007)

Multiple Sourcing Material Qualification

2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Steel Making Process

Basic Oxygen Process

Ref: Palmer and King (2004)

Ref: JFE (2007)

2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Steel Making Process (cont.)

Continuous Slab Casting

Ref: Palmer and King (2004)

Ref: JFE (2007)

2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Linepipe Fabrication Methods

Conventional Steel (C-Mn)

Seamless (SMLS) Longitudinal weld

High Frequency Welded (HFW) Submerged Arc-Welded (SAWL, DSAWL)

Spiral or helical weld (SAWH) SMLS & SAWL Electron Beam Welded (EBW) and Laser Beam Welded (LBW) Multiple Welding Processes (MWP) Composite

Corrosion Resistant Alloy (CRA)

Flexible

2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Linepipe Fabrication (C-Mn)

Ref: DNV (2007)

2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Linepipe Fabrication Inspection (C-Mn)

Ref: DNV (2007)

2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Seamless Linepipe

Use

General offshore due to field joint welding Nominal diameter (116) Nominal WT (0.0752) Dimensional tolerance

Dimensional Range

24 (maximum diameter with cost penalty)

Characteristics

Wall thickness (+15%, -12.5%) Ovality and taper angle Cost premium for tighter control Surface stress concentration Steel slivers on grit blasting

Coatings

2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Seamless Linepipe (cont.)

Ref: JFE (2007)

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2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Longitudinal Weld HFW

Use

LF ERW poor performance (stitching) Water injection and non-critical offshore service Nominal diameter (126) Nominal WT (0.051) Dimensional tolerance

Dimensional Range

Characteristics

Reduced cost to seamless Tight dimensional tolerance (e.g. 5% WT) reduced total cost Electrical resistance and molten steel
ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Ref: JFE (2007)

No welding consumable

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2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

Longitudinal Weld HFW (cont.)

Ref: JFE (2007)

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2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Longitudinal Weld UOE

Use

Larger diameter, higher pressure Nominal diameter (1864) Nominal WT (0.22) Competitive with seamless

Dimensional Range

Characteristics

14 to 24 range Wall thickness (+12%, -10% 5%) Ovality (+1% 0.5%) Smaller diameter pipe Split plates used to form linepipe

Dimensional tolerance Inclusions, defects at plate center

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2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Longitudinal Weld UOE (cont.)

Ref: JFE (2007)

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2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Longitudinal Weld UOE (cont.)

Ref: Herynk et al. (2007)

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2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Longitudinal Weld Spiral

Use

Large diameter Tanker loading lines (low pressure service) Carrier pipe for bundled lines Nominal diameter (16100) Nominal WT (0.151.2) Cheaper than UOE

Dimensional Range

Characteristics

Similar WT and D tolerance Corrosion Inspection tool blind spots or skipping

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Weld seam potential weakness

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2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

Longitudinal Weld Spiral (cont.)

Ref: JFE (2007)

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2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Flexible Linepipe
Ref: CombinedOps (2005) Ref: Technip (2007)

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2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Specification Linepipe Parameters

Key Rule

Tolerance suits purpose (cost implication) Fabrication, service level, cost factors Operating conditions, corrosion, criticality Installation requirements Welding and installation requirements Welding procedures Installation water depth Minimum bend radius (5D to 1D) for pigging tools Millscale (oxide) for gas lines

Wall Thickness

Joint Length

Straightness

Linepipe Bends

Internal Cleaning

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2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

Reading List
1. 2.

3. 4. 5.

6.

7.

8.

Section 7 DNV (2007). Submarine Pipeline Systems. Offshore Standard, DNV OS-F101, October 2007, 240p. Herynk, M.D., Kyriakides, S., Onoufriou, , A., and Yun, H.D. (2007). Effects of the UOE/UOC Pipe Manufacturing Processes on Pipe Collapse Pressure. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 49, pp.533553. [2007_Herynk_etal_UOE_UOC.pdf] JFE (2007). JFE Line Pipe. 64p. [2007_JFE_Linepipe.pdf] Technip (2007). Flexible Pipe. 12p. [2007_Technip_Flexible_Pipe.pdf] Tenaris (2005). High Specification Pipeline Products for Shallow, Deep and UltraDeepwater. 12p. [2005_Tenaris_High_Specification_Pipeline_Products.pdf] Tenaris (2007). Bends. http://www.tenaris.com/en/ProductsServices/Pipeline/pro_ser_bends.asp [2007_Tenaris_Induction_Bends.pdf] Tenaris (2007). Coating Services. http://www.tenaris.com/en/ProductsServices/Pipeline/pro_ser_coating.asp [2007_Tenaris_Coating_Services.pdf] Tenaris (2007). Coiled Tubes and Seamless Line Pipe with One Supplier, March 2007, 8p. [2007_Tenaris_Coiled_Seamless_Linepipe.pdf]
2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng. ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07

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References

CombinedOps (2005). http://www.combinedops.com DNV (2007). Submarine Pipeline Systems. Offshore Standard, DNV OS-F101, October 2007, 240p. Herynk, M.D., Kyriakides, S., Onoufriou, , A., and Yun, H.D. (2007). Effects of the UOE/UOC Pipe Manufacturing Processes on Pipe Collapse Pressure. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 49, pp.533553. JFE (2007). http://www.jfesteel.co.jp/en/products/pipes/octg/location/index.html Subsea Pipeline Engineering (2004). A.C. Palmer and R.A. King, ISBN 159370013X Technip (2007). http://www.technip.com/english/experience/e_offields.html Tenaris (2007). http://www.tenaris.com/en

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2008 S. Kenny, Ph.D., P.Eng.

ENGI 8673 Subsea Pipeline Engineering Lecture 07