The Little Data Book on Africa 2006:

From Africa Development Indicators
The Little Data

Book on Africa
Basic indicators Human development
National accounts Agriculture and rural development
Millennium Development Goals Labor, migration, and population
Paris Declaration indicators HIV/AIDS
Private sector development Malaria
Trade Capable states and partnership
Infrastructure Household welfare

Copyright ©2006 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development/THE WORLD BANK
1818 H Street NW
Washington DC 20433
U.S.A.
All rights reserved

Manufactured in the United States of America
First printing September 2006
ISBN-10: 0–8213–6704–8
ISBN-13: 978-0-8213-6704-9
eISBN: 0-8213-6705-6
DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-6704-9
The Little Data Book on Africa 2006 is a product of the Operational Quality
and Knowledge Services Unit and the Office of the Chief Economist for the
Africa Region of the World Bank.
Editing, design, and layout by Communications Development Incorporated,

Washington, D.C.
Cover design by Grundy & Northedge, London, UK.
2006 The Little Data Book on Africa

Contents
Acknowledgments 5
Introduction 6
Data notes 7
Country tables (in alphabetical order)
Algeria 8
Angola 10
Benin 12
Botswana 14
Burkina Faso 16
Burundi 18
Cameroon 20
Cape Verde 22
Central African Republic 24
Chad 26
Comoros 28
Congo, Dem. Rep. 30
Congo, Rep. 32
Côte d'lvoire 34
Djibouti 36
Egypt, Arab Rep. 38
Equatorial Guinea 40
Eritrea 42
Ethiopia 44
Gabon 46
Gambia, The 48
Ghana 50
Guinea 52
Guinea-Bissau 54
Kenya 56
Lesotho 58
2006 The Little Data Book on Africa 3

Contents (continued)
Country tables (continued)
Liberia 60
Libya 62
Madagascar 64
Malawi 66
Mali 68
Mauritania 70
Mauritius 72
Morocco 74
Mozambique 76
Namibia 78
Niger 80
Nigeria 82
Rwanda 84
São Tomé and Principe 86
Senegal 88
Seychelles 90
Sierra Leone 92
Somalia 94
South Africa 96
Sudan 98
Swaziland 100
Tanzania 102
Togo 104
Tunisia 106
Uganda 108
Zambia 110
Zimbabwe 112
Glossary 114
4 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa

Acknowledgments
The Little Data Book on Africa 2006 was produced by the Office of the Chief
Economist for the Africa Region and the Operational Quality and Knowledge
Services in collaboration with the Development Economics Data Group. It
was prepared by a team led by Jorge Arbache and Vildan Verbeek-Demiraydin
and comprising Rose Mungai, Christophe Rockmore, and Mehdi Akhlaghi.
John Page, Chief Economist for the Africa Region, provided overall guidance
and supervision.
Communications Development Incorporated provided design, editing, and lay-

out, led by Meta de Coquereaumont and Christopher Trott.

Introduction
The Little Data Book on Africa 2006 is a pocket edition of Africa Development
Indicators 2006. It is intended as a quick reference for users of the Africa
Development Indicators 2006 book and CD-ROM. Together they cover about
1,200 indicators on Africa. The country tables in The Little Data Book 2006
present the latest available data for World Bank member countries.
For more information about Africa Development Indicators and The Little Data
Book on Africa, please visit our Web site at www.worldbank.org/africa or email
us at ADI2006@worldbank.org.
To order the Africa Development Indicators 2006 book or CD-ROM, please visit
the publications Web site at www.worldbank.org/publications.

Data notes
Dollars are current U.S. dollars, unless otherwise specified.
Growth rates are proportional changes from the previous year.
Data are for 2004 or 2005, except where otherwise noted. Figures in italics
indicate that data are from 2000–03.
.. indicates that data are not available.
— is not applicable.

Algeria
Country North
data Africa
Population (millions) 32.4 150.5
Population growth (%) 1.5 ..
GNI per capita ($) 2,270 1,784
Economic density ($/km2) 35,694 48,640
GDP ($ millions) 85,014 279,114
GDP growth (%) 5.2 4.6
GDP per capita (2000 $) 1,992 1,879
GDP per capita growth (%) 3.6 2.5
GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) 132 99
Current account balance (% of GDP) 13.1 6.2
Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) 7.4 ..
Central government revenue (% of GDP) 36 16
Total external debt (% of GDP) 26 32
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) 46.8 28.1
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) 32.4 24.8
Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) 13.1 14.1
Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 81 77
Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 20 24
Startup procedures for new business 14 11
Time required to start a business (days) 26 ..
Cost to start a business (% of GNI per capita) .. ..
Time required to register a property (days) 52 ..
Time required to enforce a contract (days) 407 ..
Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 8 ..
Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 504 ..
Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 59 ..
Average time to clear customs (days) 22 ..
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 51 ..
Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. ..
Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. ..
Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) .. ..
Cost of phone call to the US (US cents per 3 min) .. ..
Ratio of paved to total roads (%) .. ..
2
Road density (road km/1,000 km of land area) .. 126
Real interest rate (%) 2 2
Domestic credit to private sector (% GDP) .. ..
Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) .. ..
Corruption as major constraint (%) 35 ..
Courts as major constraint (%) .. ..
Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) 27 ..
Crime as major constraint (%) .. ..
Tax rates as major constraint (%) 45 ..
Finance as major constraint (%) 51 ..
Electricity as major constraint (%) 12 ..
Labor regulation as major constraint (%) 13 ..
Labor skills as major constraint (%) 26 ..
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 6.9 ..
Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 98 1,930
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land .. ..
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 1,467 1,467
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) 41 38
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) 31 34
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) 100 109
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 620 2,314
Remittances received ($ millions) 2,460 ..

Country North
data Africa
Participating in growth
Life expectancy at birth (years) 71 71
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) .. ..
Gini coefficient .. ..
Infant mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 35 30
Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000) 40 37
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) 96 ..
Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 140 127
Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) 10 ..
Child immunization, measles (% ages 12–23 mos.) 81 ..
Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) .. ..
HIV prevalence (% ages 15–49) 0.1 ..
AIDS deaths (thousands) 1 ..
Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 1.1 ..
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 94 ..
Student–teacher ratio, primary 27 25
Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) 112 105
Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15–24) 90 ..
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 99 ..
Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15–64) 83 ..
Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15–64) 37 ..
Improved water source (% of urban population with access) 92 96
Improved water source (% of rural population with access) 80 84
Improved sanitation (% of urban population with access) 82 57
Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) 99 89
Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. ..
Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. ..
Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 215 ..
Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. ..
Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. ..
Internet users (per 1,000 people) 26 ..
Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) .. ..
Capable states
CPIA 2005 overall rating .. —
Country implementing or endorsed the EITI .. —
Corruption Perceptions Index score (0 corrupt to 10 clean) 3 —
Control of corruption (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 —
Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 —
Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 —
Government effectiveness (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 —
Regulatory law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 1 —
Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) 2 —
Partnership
Net aid ($ millions) 313 2,804
Net aid (% of GDP) 0.4 1.2
Net aid per capita from all donors ($) 10 19
Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 235 2,036
Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) 0 91
Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 78 677
Net aid (% of central government expenditure) .. ..
Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. ..
Reached HIPC decision point — —
Reached HIPC completion point — —

Angola
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GNI per capita ($) 930 600
GDP ($ millions) 19,564 528,146
GDP growth (%) 11.1 5.1
GDP per capita (2000 $) 799 541
Current account balance (% of GDP) 4.2 –2.4
Drivers of growth
Time required to start a business (days) 146 64
Time required to register a property (days) 334 118
Time required to enforce a contract (days) 1,011 439
Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) 5 5
Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 656 394
Total tax payable (% of gross profits) 33 58
Average time to clear customs (days) .. ..
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) 64 53
Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) .. 52
Electrical outages for firms (days per year) .. 51
2
Corruption as major constraint (%) .. ..
Courts and property rights as major constraint (%) .. ..
Tax rates as major constraint (%) .. ..
Finance as major constraint (%) .. ..
Electricity as major constraint (%) .. ..
Labor regulation as major constraint (%) .. ..
Labor skills as major constraint (%) .. ..
Irrigated land (% of cropland) 2.2 3.6
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) 522 1,095
Remittances received ($ millions) .. 7,339

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) 1,700 874
Children sleeping under treated bednets (% under age 5) 2 ..
HIV prevalence (% ages 15–49) 3.7 6.1
AIDS deaths (thousands) 30 2,000
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. 62
Student–teacher ratio, primary .. 46
Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) .. 92
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school .. 84
Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15–64) 92 86
Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15–64) 76 63
Access to electricity (% of urban population) .. 51
Access to electricity (% of rural population) .. 6
Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) 54 84
Households with own telephone (% of urban households) .. 12
Households with own telephone (% of rural households) .. 1
Internet users (per 1,000 people) 11 19
Capable states
CPIA 2005 overall rating 2.6 —
Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Endorsed —
Partnership
Net aid ($ millions) 1,144 23,871
Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) 1,015 15,331
Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) –2 94
Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) 131 8,446
Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 317.1 ..
Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) .. 50,282
Reached HIPC decision point No —
Reached HIPC completion point No —

Benin
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 4,047 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 324 541
GDP per capita growth (%) –0.2 2.9
Current account balance (% of GDP) –8.0 –2.4
Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) –3.7 ..
Drivers of growth
Time required to enforce a contract (days) 570 439
2
Remittances received ($ millions) 55 7,339

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Gini coefficient 36 ..
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) 49 62
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school 71 84
Access to electricity (% of urban population) 50 51
Access to electricity (% of rural population) 6 6
Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 9 12
Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 1 1
Rural residents within 2 km of all-season road (%) 32 ..
Capable states
Partnership
Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 2,868.8 ..
Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 460 50,282
Reached HIPC decision point Yes —
Reached HIPC completion point Yes —

Botswana
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Population growth (%) –0.1 ..
GNI per capita ($) 4,360 600
GDP ($ millions) 8,974 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 3,671 541
Drivers of growth
Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) .. 125

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Burkina Faso
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 4,824 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 248 541
Drivers of growth

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of pop.) 46 ..
Capable states
Partnership

Burundi
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 664 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 107 541
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) –8.4 21.9
2
Road density (road km/1,000 km of land area) 174 125

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership
Debt relief committed under HIPC Initiative ($ millions) 1,472 50,282

Cameroon
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 15,775 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 737 541
Drivers of growth
Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) 1,300 394
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
AIDS deaths (thousands) 4.6 2,000
Youth literacy rate, total (% ages 15–24) .. ..
Capable states
Partnership

Cape Verde
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 948 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 1,292 541
Drivers of growth
Startup procedures for new business .. 11
Time required to start a business (days) .. 64
Time required to register a property (days) .. 118
Time required to enforce a contract (days) .. 439
Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. 5
Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. 394
Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. 58
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. 53
2
Real interest rate (%) .. 4

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Births attended by skilled health staff (% of total) .. ..
Child malnutrition, underweight (%under age 5) .. ..
HIV prevalence (% ages 15–49) .. 6.1
AIDS deaths (thousands) .. 2,000
Capable states
Partnership

Central African Republic
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 1,307 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 225 541
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Chad
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 4,307 528,146
GDP growth (%) 29.5 5.1
GDP per capita (2000 $) 261 541
Drivers of growth

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Comoros
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 369 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 378 541
Drivers of growth
2
Irrigated land (% of cropland) .. 3.6

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Congo, Dem. Rep.
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 6,632 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 88 541
Drivers of growth
Gross tertiary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) .. 5
Road density (road km/1,000 km2 of land area) 18 125
Real interest rate (%) –4 4

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Congo, Rep.
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 4,343 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 940 541
Drivers of growth

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Country implementing or endorsed the EITI Implementing —
Partnership

Côte d'lvoire
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 15,475 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 574 541
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership
Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) –43 8,446

Djibouti
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 553 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 774 541
Fiscal balance (cash surplus or deficit, % of GDP) .. ..
Drivers of growth
Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) .. 13.3
2
Terms of trade index (2000 = 100) .. 121

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Telephone subscribers (per 1,000 people) .. 84
Internet users (per 1,000 people) .. 19
Capable states
Partnership

Egypt, Arab Rep.
Country North
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 78,796 279,114
GDP per capita (2000 $) 1,615 1,879
Drivers of growth
2
Policy uncertainty as major constraint (%) 66 ..
Courts as major constraint (%) 27 ..
Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) 1,269 1,930
Remittances received ($ millions) .. ..

Country North
data Africa
Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 45 ..
Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 11 ..
Capable states
Political stability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) .. —
Partnership

Equatorial Guinea
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 3,235 528,146
GDP growth (%) 10.0 5.1
GDP per capita (2000 $) 4,101 541
Drivers of growth
Gross domestic savings (% of GDP) .. 21.9
Gross fixed capital formation (% of GDP) .. 18.9
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) .. 1,095
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) –159 10,117

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Eritrea
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 928 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 174 541
Drivers of growth
Time for firm to obtain electrical connection (days) 65 52
Electrical outages for firms (days per year) 94 51
Time for firm to obtain telephone connection (days) 256 ..
2
Crime as major constraint (%) 1 ..

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Ethiopia
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 9,731 528,146
GDP growth (%) 12.3 5.1
GDP per capita (2000 $) 132 541
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Gabon
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 7,229 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 3,860 541
Drivers of growth
2
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) –51 10,117

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Gambia, The
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 401 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 327 541
Drivers of growth
2
Road density (road km/1,000 km of land area) 1,118 125

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Ghana
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 8,620 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 275 541
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Guinea
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 3,775 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 381 541
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Guinea-Bissau
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 270 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 134 541
Drivers of growth
Private sector capital formation (% of GDP) –6.7 13.3
2
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) .. 10,117

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Kenya
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 16,088 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 427 541
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Lesotho
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 1,367 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 543 541
Drivers of growth

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) .. —
Partnership

Liberia
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 492 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 130 541
Drivers of growth

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Libya
Country North
data Africa
Economic density ($/km2) .. 48,640
GDP ($ millions) .. 279,114
GDP growth (%) .. 4.6
GDP per capita (2000 $) .. 1,879
GDP per capita growth (%) .. 2.5
GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) .. 99
Current account balance (% of GDP) .. 6.2
Central government revenue (% of GDP) .. 16
Total external debt (% of GDP) .. 32
Drivers of growth
Time required to start a business (days) .. ..
Time required to register a property (days) .. ..
Time required to enforce a contract (days) .. ..
Protecting investors disclosure index (0 low to 10 high) .. ..
Time to prepare and pay taxes (hours) .. ..
Total tax payable (% of gross profits) .. ..
Rigidity of employment index (0 least rigid to 100 most rigid) .. ..
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 38
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) .. 34
Remittances received ($ millions) 10 ..

Country North
data Africa
AIDS deaths (thousands) .. ..
Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group) .. ..
Capable states
Voice and accountability (quintile 1 low to 5 high) .. —
Partnership
Net aid ($ millions) .. 2,804
Net aid (% of GDP) .. 1.2
Net aid per capita from all donors ($) .. 19
Net aid from DAC donors ($ millions) .. 2,036
Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors ($ millions) .. 91
Net aid from multilateral donors ($ millions) .. 677

Madagascar
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 4,364 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 229 541
Drivers of growth
Gross secondary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) .. 29
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Malawi
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 1,903 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 154 541
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Mali
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 4,882 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 237 541
Drivers of growth

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Mauritania
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 1,534 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 437 541
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Mauritius
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Economic density ($/km2) 2,974,356 22,361
GDP ($ millions) 6,038 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 4,223 541
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Morocco
Country North
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 50,031 279,114
GDP per capita (2000 $) 1,349 1,879
Drivers of growth
2

Country North
data Africa
AIDS deaths (thousands) .. ..
Households with own telephone (% of urban households) 66 ..
Households with own telephone (% of rural households) 29 ..
Capable states
Partnership

Mozambique
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 5,912 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 276 541
Drivers of growth

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Rule of law (quintile 1 low to 5 high) .. —
Partnership

Namibia
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 5,712 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 2,035 541
Drivers of growth

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Niger
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 3,053 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 155 541
Drivers of growth

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Nigeria
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 72,053 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 402 541
Drivers of growth
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 4,409 10,117
Remittances received ($ millions) 2,273 7,339

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Rwanda
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 1,835 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 250 541
Drivers of growth

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

São Tomé and Principe
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 57 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 354 541
Drivers of growth
2
Fertilizer use (thousands of metric tons) .. 2,344

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) .. 874
Capable states
Partnership

Senegal
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 7,775 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 461 541
Drivers of growth

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership
Net aid (% of central government expenditure) 1,166 ..

Seychelles
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Economic density ($/km2) 1,528,458 22,361
GDP ($ millions) 703 528,146
GDP growth (%) –2.0 5.1
GDP per capita (2000 $) 6,688 541
Drivers of growth
Cereal crop yield (kg per hectare) .. 1,095

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) .. 874
Labor force participation rate, male (% ages 15–64) .. 86
Labor force participation rate, female (% ages 15–64) .. 63
Improved sanitation (% of rural population with access) .. 55
Capable states
Partnership

Sierra Leone
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 1,085 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 170 541
Current account balance (% of GDP) .. –2.4
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Somalia
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GNI per capita ($) .. 600
Economic density ($/km2) .. 22,361
GDP ($ millions) .. 528,146
GDP growth (%) .. 5.1
GDP per capita (2000 $) .. 541
GDP per capita growth (%) .. 2.9
GDP implicit price deflator (annual % change, $ series) .. 134
Current account balance (% of GDP) .. –2.4
Central government revenue (% of GDP) .. 24
Total external debt (% of GDP) .. 45
Drivers of growth

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Physicians per 1,000 people, 1997 .. ..
Gross primary enrollment, total (% of relevant age group) .. 92
Capable states
Partnership
Net aid (% of GDP) .. 4.5

South Africa
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 214,663 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 3,346 541
Drivers of growth
2
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) –1,021 10,117

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Sudan
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 21,463 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 439 541
Drivers of growth
2
Foreign direct investment, net inflows ($ millions) 1,481 10,117
Remittances received ($ millions) 1,403 7,339

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Swaziland
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 2,517 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 1,358 541
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Tanzania
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 11,311 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 314 541
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Togo
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 2,061 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 244 541
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Tunisia
Country North
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 28,129 279,114
GDP per capita (2000 $) 2,341 1,879
Current account balance (% of GDP) –2.0 6.2
Drivers of growth
2

Country North
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Uganda
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 6,822 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 262 541
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Zambia
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 5,423 528,146
GDP per capita (2000 $) 339 541
Drivers of growth
2

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Zimbabwe
Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
GDP ($ millions) 4,696 528,146
GDP growth (%) –4.2 5.1
GDP per capita (2000 $) 457 541
Drivers of growth

Sub-
Country Saharan
data Africa
Capable states
Partnership

Glossary
Access to electricity is the percentage of the urban or rural population living
in households with access to electricity as a proportion of the total urban
or rural population. (Household survey data, supplemented by World Bank
Project Appraisal Documents)
AIDS deaths are the estimated number of adults and children that have died
in a specific year based on the modeling of HIV surveillance data using
standard and appropriate tools. (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/
AIDS’ 2004 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic)
Average time to clear customs is the number of days to clear an imported good
through customs. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.
org/EnterpriseSurveys/)
Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended
by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice
to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct
deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns. (United Nations Children's
Fund's State of the World's Children 2006)
Central government revenue is cash receipts from taxes, social contributions,

and other revenue such as fines, fees, rent, and other income from prop-
erty sales as a proportion of total gross domestic product (GDP). Grants
are also considered revenue but are excluded here. (World Bank’s World
Development Indicators)
Cereal crop yield includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum,
buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops
harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested
green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded.
(World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Child immunization, measles, is the percentage of children ages 12–23 months

at the time of survey who received a dose of measles vaccine by 12 months
or at any time before the interview date. A child is considered adequately
immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine. (World
Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Child malnutrition, underweight, is the percentage of children under age 5

whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the
median for the international reference population ages 0–59 months. The
reference population, adopted by the World Health Organization in 1983,
is based on children from the United States, who are assumed to be well
nourished. (World Health Organization's Global Database on Child Growth
and Malnutrition, www.who.int/netgrowthdb/)
Children sleeping under treated bednets are the percentage of children under
age 5 who slept under an insecticide-treated bednet to prevent malaria.
Control of corruption measures the extent of corruption, conventionally defined

as the exercise of public power for private gain. It is based on scores of
variables from polls of experts and surveys.These scores are divided into
five groups based on percentile rank and lie between point estimates
of –2.5 and 2.5, with higher scores corresponding to better outcomes.
(Kaufmann D., A. Kraay, and M. Mastruzzi, 2005, Governance Matters IV:
Governance Indicators for 1996–2004)
Corruption as major constraint is the percentage of senior managers who

ranked corruption as a major or very severe constraint. (World Bank
Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.org/EnterpriseSurveys/)

Corruption Perceptions Index score is a country’s score on Transparency
International ’s annual Corruption Perceptions Index, which ranks more than
150 countries in terms of perceived levels of corruption, as determined by
expert assessments and opinion surveys of business people and country
analysts. (www.transparency.org/policy_research/surveys_indices/cpi)
Cost of phone call to the US is the cost of a three-minute peak rate call
from the country to the United States. (World Bank’s World Development
Indicators)
Cost to start a business is the cost to register a business as a percentage

of gross national income (GNI) per capita. (World Bank’s Doing Business
project, http://rru.worldbank.org/DoingBusiness/)
Country implementing or endorsed the Extractive Industrial Transparency

Initiative (EITI) shows whether a country is implementing or has endorsed
the EITI, a multistakeholder approach that includes civil society, companies
and government and that requires a work plan with time line and budget
to ensure sustainability, independent audit of payments and disclosure
of revenues, publication of results in a publicly accessible manner, and
that the approach covers all companies and government agencies. (www.
eitransparency.org/)
Country Policy and Institutional Assessment (CPIA) 2005 overall rating

assesses the quality of a country’s current policy and institutional frame-
work. Quality refers to how conducive that framework is to fostering sus-
tainable, poverty-reducing growth and the effective use of development
assistance. The CPIA is conducted annually for all International Bank
for Reconstruction and Development and International Development
Association borrowers. Table 13.4 of Africa Development Indicators 2006
reports CPIA ratings only for Sub-Saharan African countries. Ratings are
based on a set of 16 criteria, grouped into four clusters: economic man-
agement, structural policies, policies for social inclusion and equity, and
public sector management and institutions. These criteria seek to capture
the key factors that foster pro-poor growth and poverty alleviation, without
overly burdening the evaluation process. Country scores reflect a variety
of indicators and judgments for each criterion that are based on country
knowledge, analytical work, policy dialogue, work done by partners, and
relevant publicly available information. The rating scale for each criterion
varies from a low of 1 to a high of 6. The ratings are the main indicators
of the likely effectiveness of current aid. Improvements in policies and
institutions during the course of a year are reflected in the subsequent
year’s performance ratings. (World Bank Country Policy and Institutional
Assessment)
Courts as major constraint are the percentage of senior managers who

ranked courts and dispute resolution systems as a major or very severe
constraint. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.org/
EnterpriseSurveys/)
Courts and property rights as major constraint are the percentage of senior
managers who do not agree with the statement: “I am confident that the
judicial system will enforce my contractual and property rights in busi-
ness disputes.” (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.
Crime as major constraint is the percentage of senior managers who ranked

crime, theft, and disorder as a major or very severe constraint. (World Bank
Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.org/EnterpriseSurveys/

Current account balance is the sum of net exports of goods, services, net
income, and net current transfers. (International Monetary Fund’s Balance
of Payments Statistics Yearbook and data files; World Bank and Organisation
for Economic Co-operation and Development estimates of gross domestic
product)
Debt relief committed under Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) Initiative
is the amount of debt service relief, calculated at the decision point, that
will allow the country to achieve debt sustainability at the completion
point. (World Bank)
Domestic credit to private sector is financial resources provided to the private

sector, such as through loans, purchases of nonequity securities, and
trade credits and other accounts receivable, that establish a claim for
repayment. For some countries these claims include credit to public enter-
prises. (International Monetary Fund’s International Financial Statistics
and data files; World Bank and Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development gross domestic product estimates; World Bank’s World
Economic density is the total land area divided by gross domestic product
(GDP) at market prices in current U.S. dollars. Land area refers to the
land surface area of a country, excluding inland waters. GDP at market
prices in current U.S. dollars is based on the GDP at market prices in local
currency units, which is converted to dollars at the official exchange rate.
If the official exchange rate is significantly different from the prevailing
market rate or shows extreme volatility, the local currency is converted
into U.S. dollars by using an alternative conversion factor. (World Bank’s
World Development Indicators)
Electrical outages are the average number of days per year that firms expe-
rienced power outages or surges from the public grid.
Electricity as major constraint is the percentage of senior managers who

ranked electricity as a major or severe constraint. (World Bank Enterprise
Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.org/EnterpriseSurveys/)
Exports of goods and services are merchandise exports divided by gross

domestic product (GDP) in current U.S. dollars. (World Bank’s World
Fertilizer use is the aggregate of nitrogenous, phosphate, and potash fertilizers.

(Food and Agriculture Organization’s Fertilizer Yearbook)
Finance as major constraint is the average of the percentage of senior man-

agers who ranked access to finance or cost of finance as a major or very
severe constraint. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.
Fiscal balance is revenue (including grants) minus expense, minus net

acquisition of nonfinancial assets. In the International Monetary Fund’s
Government Finance Statistics Manual 1986 nonfinancial assets were
included under revenue and expenditure in gross terms. This cash surplus or
deficit is closest to the earlier overall budget balance (still missing is lending
minus repayments, which are now a financing item under net acquisition of
financial assets). (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Foreign direct investment, net inflows, is the net inflows of investment to

acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock)
in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor.
It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term
capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. (World

Gini coefficient is the most commonly used measure of inequality. The coef-
ficient varies between 0, which reflects complete equality and 1, which indi-
cates complete inequality (one person has all the income or consumption,
all others have none). (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Government effectiveness measures the quality of public service provision,

the quality of the bureaucracy, the competence of civil servants, the inde-
pendence of the civil service from political pressures, and the credibility
of the government’s commitment to policies. These scores are divided
into five groups based on percentile rank and lie between point estimates
of –2.5 and 2.5, with higher scores corresponding to better outcomes.
(Kaufmann D., A. Kraay, and M. Mastruzzi, 2005, Governance Matters IV:
Governance Indicators for 1996–2004)
Gross domestic product (GDP) is the total output of goods and services
for final use produced by residents and nonresidents, regardless of the
allocation to domestic and foreign claims. It is calculated without making
deductions for depreciation of “manmade” assets or depletion and degra-
dation of natural resources. GDP data are at market prices (also known as
purchaser values) and have been converted to U.S. dollars using constant
(2000) exchange rates. For a few countries where the official exchange
rate does not effectively reflect the rate applied to actual foreign exchange
transactions, an alternative currency conversion factor has been used.
Gross domestic product (GDP) growth is the average annual growth rates
calculated from GDP at constant 2000 prices. (World Bank’s World
Gross domestic product (GDP) implicit price deflator is the one-year rate of
price change in the economy as a whole (World Bank’s World Development
Indicators)
Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita is calculated by dividing GDP by

the corresponding midyear population. (World Bank’s World Development
Indicators)
Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth is calculated using GDP per
capita. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Gross domestic savings is calculated by deducting total consumption from

gross domestic product (GDP) in current prices. (World Bank’s World
Gross fixed capital formation, formerly gross domestic fixed investment,

includes land improvements (fences, ditches, drains, and so on); plant,
machinery, and equipment purchases; and the construction of roads, rail-
ways, and the like, including schools, offices, hospitals, private residential
dwellings, and commercial and industrial buildings. According to the 1993
System of National Accounts, net acquisitions of valuables are also consid-
ered capital formation. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Gross national income (GNI) per capita is GNI divided by midyear population.
Gross primary enrollment, total, is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless of

age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to primary
level of education. Primary education provides children with basic reading,
writing, and mathematics skills along with an elementary understanding of
such subjects as history, geography, natural science, social science, art,
and music. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)

Gross secondary enrollment, total, is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless
of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to
secondary level of education. Secondary education completes the provi-
sion of basic education that began at the primary level, and aims at laying
the foundations for lifelong learning and human development, by offering
more subject- or skill-oriented instruction using more specialized teachers.
Gross tertiary enrollment, total, is the ratio of total enrollment, regardless

of age, to the population of the age group that officially corresponds
to tertiary level of education. Tertiary education, whether or not to an
advanced research qualification, normally requires, as a minimum condition
of admission, the successful completion of education at the secondary
level. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
HIV prevalence is the percentage of people with HIV infection among all people
ages 15–49. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Households with own telephone are the percentage of urban or rural households
possessing a telephone as a proportion of the total number of urban or
rural households. (Demographic and Health Surveys)
Imports of goods and services are merchandise imports divided by gross

domestic product (GDP) in current U.S. dollars. (World Bank’s World
Improved sanitation is the percentage of the urban or rural population as a

proportion of the total urban or rural population with at least adequate
access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human,
animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from
simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connec-
tion. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly
maintained. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Improved water source is the percentage of the urban or rural population as a

proportion of the total urban or rural population with reasonable access to
an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a house-
hold connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, or
rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks,
and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the
availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within 1 kilo-
meter of the dwelling. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of
age, per 1,000 live births in a given year. (World Bank’s World Development
Indicators)
Internet users are people with access to the worldwide network, per 1,000
people. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Irrigated land is areas equipped to provide water to the crops. These include
areas equipped for full and partial control irrigation, spate irrigation areas,
and equipped wetland or inland valley bottoms. (Food and Agriculture
Organization’s Production Yearbook and data files)
Labor force participation rate is the proportion of the male or female popula-
tion ages 15–64 that is economically active as a proportion of the total
male or female population who supply labor for the production of goods
and services during a specified period. (World Bank’s World Development
Indicators)
Labor regulation as major constraint is the percentage of senior managers

who ranked labor regulations as a major or severe constraint. (World Bank
Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.org/EnterpriseSurveys/)

Labor skills as major constraint are the percentage of senior managers who
ranked skills of available workers as a major or severe constraint. (World
Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.org/EnterpriseSurveys/)
Life expectancy at birth is the number of years a newborn infant would live if
prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to remain the
same throughout its life. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die from pregnancy-
related causes during pregnancy and childbirth per 100,000 live births.
Net aid ($ millions) is net aid from members of the Organisation for Economic
Co-operation and Development’s Development Assistance Committee
(DAC), non-DAC bilateral donors, and multilateral donors. (World Bank’s
Net aid (% of central government expenditure) is nominal total net aid divided
by central government expenditure. (World Bank’s World Development
Indicators)
Net aid (% of GDP) is calculated by dividing nominal total net aid from all
donors by gross domestic product (GDP), which reflects current prices and
exchange rates. For a given level of aid flows, devaluation of a recipient’s
currency may inflate the ratios shown in the table. Thus, trends for a given
country and comparisons across countries that have implemented differ-
ent exchange rate policies should be interpreted carefully. (World Bank’s
Net aid from Development Assistance Committee (DAC) donors is net aid
from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s DAC
donors and comprises grants and loans. Ireland and New Zealand are
excluded from this compilation because their aid to Africa is negligible.
Net aid from multilateral donors is net aid from multilateral sources, such as
the African Development Fund, the European Development Fund for the
Commission of the European Communities, the International Development
Association, the International Fund for Agricultural Development, Arab and
OPEC financed multilateral agencies, and UN programs and agencies.
Aid flows from the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF) Trust Fund and
Structural Adjustment Facility are also included. UN programs and agencies
include the United Nations Technical Assistance Programme, the United
Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Office of the High
Commissioner for Refugees, the United Nations Children’s Fund, and the
World Food Programme. Arab and OPEC financed multilateral agencies
include the Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa, the Arab Fund
for Economic and Social Development, the Islamic Development Bank, the
OPEC Fund for International Development, the Arab Authority for Agricultural
Investment and Development, the Arab Fund for Technical Assistance to
African and Arab Countries, and the Islamic Solidarity Fund. (World Bank’s
Net aid from non-DAC bilateral donors is net aid from the Organization of
Petroleum Exporting Countries, the former Council for Mutual Economic
Assistance countries, and China (Organisation for Economic Co-operation
and Development data). (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Net aid per capita from all donors is calculated by dividing nominal total
net aid by midyear population. These ratios offer some indication of the
importance of aid flows in sustaining per capita income and consumption
levels, although exchange rates, aid flows, and other factors vary across
countries and over time. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)

Physicians per 1,000 people are the number of physicians, including general-
ists and specialists, per 1,000 people. (World Bank’s World Development
Indicators)
Policy uncertainty as major constraint is the percentage of senior managers

who ranked economic and regulatory policy uncertainty as a major or very
severe constraint. (World Bank Enterprise Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.
Political stability measures perceptions of the likelihood that the government

in power will be destabilized or overthrown by possibly unconstitutional or
violent means, including domestic violence and terrorism. These scores
are divided into five groups based on percentile rank and lie between point
estimates of –2.5 and 2.5, with higher scores corresponding to better
outcomes. (Kaufmann D., A. Kraay, and M. Mastruzzi, 2005, Governance
Matters IV: Governance Indicators for 1996–2004)
Population is World Bank estimates, usually projected from the most recent
population censuses or surveys (mostly from 1980–2004). Refugees not
permanently settled in the country of asylum are generally considered to
be part of the population of their country of origin. (World Bank’s World
Population growth is the one-year rate of growth in total population. (World

Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line is the percentage of the

population living below the national poverty line. National estimates are
based on population-weighted subgroup estimates from household surveys.
Primary completion rate, total, is the percentage of students completing the

last year of primary school. It is calculated as the total number of students
in the last grade of primary school, minus the number of repeaters in that
grade, divided by the total number of children of official graduation age.
Private sector capital formation is gross fixed capital formation for the private
sector. Gross fixed capital formation consists of gross domestic fixed
capital formation plus net changes in the level of inventories, divided by
gross domestic product (GDP), which is obtained by converting national
currency GDP series in current prices to U.S. dollars at official annual
exchange rates. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Protecting investors disclosure index measures the degree to which inves-

tors are protected through disclosure of ownership and financial infor-
mation. (World Bank’s Doing Business project, http://rru.worldbank.
org/DoingBusiness/)
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary school is the ratio of female
to male gross enrollment rate in primary and secondary school. (United
Nations Educational Scientific, and Cultural Organization Institute for
Statistics)
Ratio of paved to total roads is the length of paved roads, which are surfaced
with crushed stone (macadam) and hydrocarbon binder or bituminized
agents, with concrete, or with cobblestones, as a percentage of the length
of all the country’s roads. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Reached Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) decision point shows whether a
HIPC with an established track record of good performance under adjustment
programs supported by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank’
HIPC Debit Initiative has committed to undertaking additional reforms and to
developing and implement a poverty reduction strategy. (World Bank)

Reached Heavily Indebted Poor Country (HIPC) completion point shows
whether a HIPC has successfully completed the key structural reforms
agreed on at the decision point, including developing and implementing its
poverty reduction strategy and has thus received the bulk of debt relief under
the HIPC Debt Initiative without further policy conditions. (World Bank)
Real interest rate is the lending interest rate adjusted for inflation as measured
by the gross domestic product (GDP) deflator. (International Monetary
Fund’s International Financial Statistics and data files, using World Bank
data on the GDP deflator)
Regulatory law measures of the incidence of market-unfriendly policies such

as price controls or inadequate bank supervision, as well as perceptions
of the burdens imposed by excessive regulation in areas such as foreign
trade and business development. These scores are dividend into five
groups based on percentile rank and lie between point estimates of –2.5
and 2.5, with higher scores corresponding to better outcomes. (Kaufmann
D., A. Kraay, and M. Mastruzzi, 2005, Governance Matters IV: Governance
Indicators for 1996–2004)
Remittances received comprise current transfers by migrant workers and wages

and salaries by nonresident workers. (World Bank’s World Development
Indicators)
Rigidity of employment index measures the regulation of employment, spe-

cifically the hiring and firing of workers and the rigidity of working hours.
This index is the average of three subindexes: a difficulty of hiring index, a
rigidity of hours index, and a difficulty of firing index. (World Bank’s Doing
Business project, http://rru.worldbank.org/DoingBusiness/)
Road density is the total length of national road network per 1,000 square
kilometers of land area. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Rule of law measures the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide
by the rules of society. These include perceptions of the incidence of crime,
the effectiveness and predictability of the judiciary, and the enforceability
of contracts. These scores are divided into five groups based on percentile
rank and lie between point estimates of –2.5 and 2.5, with higher scores
corresponding to better outcomes. (Kaufmann D., A. Kraay, and M. Mastruzzi,
2005, Governance Matters IV: Governance Indicators for 1996–2004)
Rural residents within 2 km of an all-season road are the percentage of rural

people who live within 2 kilometers of an all-season passable road as a
proportion of the total rural population. (Sub-Saharan Africa Transport
Policy Program; World Bank)
Startup procedures for new business are the number of procedures required
to start a business, including interactions to obtain necessary permits and
licenses and to complete all inscriptions, verifications, and notifications
to start operations. (World Bank’s Doing Business project, http://rru.
worldbank.org/DoingBusiness/)
Student-teacher ratio, primary, is the number of pupils enrolled in primary

school divided by the number of primary school teachers (regardless of their
teaching assignment). (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Tax rates as major constraint are the percentage of senior managers who
ranked tax rates as a major or very severe constraint. (World Bank Enterprise
Surveys, http://rru.worldbank.org/EnterpriseSurveys/)
Telephone subscribers are the total mainlines per 1,000 inhabitants plus cel-
lular subscribers per 1,000 inhabitants. (World Bank’s World Development
Indicators)

Terms of trade index measures the relative movement of export and import
prices. It is calculated as the ratio of a country’s export unit values or
prices to its import unit values or prices shows changes over a base year
(2000) in the level of export unit values as a percentage of import unit
values. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Time for firm to obtain telephone connection is the average actual delay, in
days, that firms experience when obtaining a telephone connection, mea-
sured from the day the establishment applied to the day they received the
service or approval. (World Bank Investment Climate Assessments)
Time for firm to obtain electrical connection is the average actual delay, in days,
that firms experience when obtaining an electrical connection, measured
from the day the establishment applied to the day they received the service
or approval. (World Bank Investment Climate Assessments)
Time required to enforce a contract is the number of calendar days from the
filing of the lawsuit in court until the final determination and, in appropri-
ate cases, payment. (World Bank’s Doing Business project, http://rru.
Time required to register a property is the time required to register property

is the number of calendar days needed for businesses to secure rights
to property. (World Bank’s Doing Business project, http://rru.worldbank.
org/DoingBusiness/)
Time required to start a business is the number of calendar days needed to

complete the procedures to legally operate a business. If a procedure can
be speeded up at additional cost, the fastest procedure, independent of
cost, is chosen. (World Bank’s Doing Business project, http://rru.world-
bank.org/DoingBusiness/)
Time to prepare and pay taxes is the time, in hours per year, it takes to prepare,
file, and pay (or withhold) three major types of taxes: the corporate income
tax, the value added or sales tax, and labor taxes, including payroll taxes
and social security contributions. (World Bank’s Doing Business project,
http://rru.worldbank.org/DoingBusiness/)
Total external debt is the ratio of total debt (sum of long-term debts in the
form of official concessional, official nonconcessional, and private debt
plus International Monetary Fund credit and estimates of total short-term
debt and interest in arrears on public and publicly guaranteed long-term
loans) to gross domestic product (GDP). (World Bank’s World Development
Indicators)
Total tax payable is the total amount of taxes payable by a business (except
for labor taxes) after accounting for deductions and exemptions as a per-
centage of gross profit. (World Bank’s Doing Business project, http://rru.
Tractors per 100 hectares of arable land are the number of wheel and crawler
tractors (excluding garden tractors) in use in agriculture at the end of the
calendar year specified or during the first quarter of the following year.
Arable land includes land defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization
as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once),
temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen
gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting
cultivation is excluded. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)
Under-five mortality rate is the probability that a newborn baby will die before
reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates. The prob-
ability is expressed as a rate per 1,000. (World Bank’s World Development
Indicators)

Voice and accountability measure various aspects of the political process,
civil liberties, political and human rights, and the extent to which citizens
of a country are able to participate in the selection of governments. These
scores are divided into five groups based on percentile rank and lie between
point estimates of –2.5 and 2.5, with higher scores corresponding to better
outcomes. (Kaufmann D., A. Kraay, and M. Mastruzzi, 2005, Governance
Matters IV: Governance Indicators for 1996–2004)
Youth literacy rate, total, is the percentage of people ages 15–24 who can,
with understanding, both read and write a short, simple statement about
their everyday life. (World Bank’s World Development Indicators)

ISBN 0-8213-6704-8
ALGERIA ANGOLA BENIN BOTSWANA BURKINA FASO BURUNDI CAMEROON

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The Little Data Book on Africa 2006:

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From Africa Development Indicators

The Little Data

Basic indicators Human development

National accounts Agriculture and rural development

Millennium Development Goals Labor, migration, and population

Paris Declaration indicators HIV/AIDS

Private sector development Malaria

Trade Capable states and partnership

Infrastructure Household welfare

All rights reserved

Editing, design, and layout by Communications Development Incorporated,

2006 The Little Data Book on Africa

Country tables (in alphabetical order)

Central African Republic 24

Congo, Dem. Rep. 30

Egypt, Arab Rep. 38

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São Tomé and Principe 86

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Communications Development Incorporated provided design, editing, and lay-

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6 2006 The Little Data Book on Africa

Growth rates are proportional changes from the previous year.

indicate that data are from 2000–03.

.. indicates that data are not available.

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