S GIO DC V O TO K THI TUYN SINH LP 10 THPT

H NI N 2013 2014
CHNH THC MN: TON
Thi gian lm bi: 120 pht


Bi I (2,0 im)
Vi x > 0, cho hai biu thc
2 x
A
x
+
= v
x 1 2 x 1
B
x x x
+
= +
+
.
1) Tnh gi tr ca biu thc A khi x = 64.
2) Rt gn biu thc B.
3) Tm x
A 3
B 2
> .
Bi II (2,0 im) Gii bi ton bng cch lp phng trnh:
Qung ng t A n B di 90 km. Mt ngi i xe my t A n B. Khi n B,
ngi ngh 30 pht ri quay tr v A vi vn tc ln hn vn tc lc i l 9 km/h.
Thi gian k t lc bt u i t A n lc tr v n A l 5 gi. Tnh vn tc xe my lc
i t A n B.
Bi III (2,0 im)
1) Gii h phng trnh:
3(x 1) 2(x 2y) 4
4(x 1) (x 2y) 9
+ + + =

+ + =

2) Cho parabol (P) : y =
1
2
x
2
v ng thng (d) : y = mx
1
2
m
2
+ m +1.
a) Vi m = 1, xc nh ta cc giao im A, B ca (d) v (P).
b) Tm cc gi tr ca m (d) ct (P) ti hai im phn bit c honh x
1
, x
2

sao cho
1 2
x x 2 = .
Bi IV (3,5 im)
Cho ng trn (O) v im A nm bn ngoi (O). K hai tip tuyn AM, AN vi
ng trn (O) (M, N l cc tip im). Mt ng thng d i qua A ct ng trn (O)
ti hai im B v C (AB < AC, d khng i qua tm O).
1) Chng minh t gic AMON ni tip.
2) Chng minh AN
2
= AB.AC.
Tnh di on thng BC khi AB = 4 cm, AN = 6 cm.
3) Gi I l trung im ca BC. ng thng NI ct ng trn (O) ti im th
hai T. Chng minh MT // AC.
4) Hai tip tuyn ca ng trn (O) ti B v C ct nhau K. Chng minh K
thuc mt ng thng c nh khi d thay i v tha mn iu kin bi.
Bi V (0,5 im)
Vi a, b, c l cc s dng tha mn iu kin a + b + c + ab + bc + ca = 6abc,
chng minh:
2 2 2
1 1 1
3
a b c
+ + >


BI GII
B I: (2,0 )
1) Vi x = 64 ta c
2 64 2 8 5
8 4 64
A
+ +
= = =
2)
( 1).( ) (2 1). 2 1 2
1
.( ) 1 1
x x x x x x x x x
B
x x x x x x x x
+ + + + +
= = = + =
+ + + +


3)
Vi x > 0 ta c :
3 2 2 3 1 3
:
2 2 2 1
2 2 3 2 0 4.( 0)
A x x x
B x x x
x x x x Do x
+ + +
> > >
+
+ > < < < >


B II: (2,0 )
t x (km/h) l vn tc i t A n B, vy vn tc i t B n A l 9 x + (km/h)
Do gi thit ta c:
90 90 1
5
9 2 x x
+ =
+
10 10 1
9 2 x x
+ =
+
( 9) 20(2 9) x x x + = +
2
31 180 0 x x = 36 x = (v x > 0)

B III: (2,0 )
1) H phng trnh tng ng vi:

+ + + = + = + = = =


+ = = = = =

3x 3 2x 4y 4 5x 4y 1 5x 4y 1 11x 11 x 1
4x 4 x 2y 9 3x 2y 5 6x 4y 10 6x 4y 10 y 1


2)
a) Vi m = 1 ta c phng trnh honh giao im ca (P) v (d) l
2
1 3
2 2
x x = +
2
2 3 0 x x = 1 hay 3 x x = = (Do a b + c = 0)
Ta c y (-1)=
1
2
; y(3) =
9
2
. Vy ta giao im A v B l (-1;
1
2
) v (3;
9
2
)
b) Phnh trnh honh giao im ca (P) v (d) l
2 2
1 1
1
2 2
x mx m m = + +
2 2
2 2 2 0 x mx m m + = (*)
(d) ct (P) ti 2 im phn bit
1
x ,
2
x th phng trnh (*) phi c 2 nghim phn
bit. Khi
2 2
' 2 2 0 1 m m m m A = + + > >
Khi m > -1 ta c
1 2
2 x x =
2 2
1 2 1 2
2 4 x x x x + =
2
1 2 1 2
( ) 4 4 x x x x + =
2 2
4 4( 2 2) 4 m m m =
1
8 4
2
m m = =
Cch g khc: Khi m > -1 ta c
1 2
2 x x =
' '
2 '
' '
b b
a a
+ A A
= A 2 2 2 m = +
Do , yu cu bi ton 2 2 2 2 m + = 2 2 2 m + =
1
2 2 1
2
m m + = =

Bi IV (3,5 im)
1/ Xt t gic AMON c hai gc i
0
ANO 90 =
0
AMO 90 = nn l t gic ni tip
2/ Hai tam gic ABM v AMC ng dng
nn ta c AB. AC = AM
2
= AN
2
= 6
2
= 36
2 2
6 6
AC 9(cm)
AB 4
= = =
BC AC AB 9 4 5(cm) = = =
3/
1
MTN MON AON
2
= = (cng chn cung
MN trong ng trn (O)), v AIN AON =
(do 3 im N, I, M cng nm trn ng trn ng knh AO v cng chn cung 90
0
)
Vy AIN MTI TIC = = nn MT // AC do c hai gc so le bng nhau.
4/ Xt AKO A c AI vung gc vi KO. H OQ vung gc vi AK. Gi H l giao im
ca OQ v AI th H l trc tm ca AKO A , nn KMH vung gc vi AO. V MHN
vung gc vi AO nn ng thng KMHN vung gc vi AO, nn KM vung gc vi
AO. Vy K nm trn ng thng c nh MN khi BC di chuyn.
Cch g khc:
Ta c KB
2
= KC
2
= KI.KO. Nn K nm trn trc ng phng ca 2 ng trn tm O
v ng trn ng knh AO. Vy K nm trn ng thng MN l trc ng phng
ca 2 ng trn trn.
B IV: (0,5 )
T gi thit cho ta c
1 1 1 1 1 1
6
ab bc ca a b c
+ + + + + = . Theo bt ng thc Cauchy ta
c:

2 2
1 1 1 1
2 a b ab
| |
+ >
|
\ .
,
2 2
1 1 1 1
2 b c bc
| |
+ >
|
\ .
,
2 2
1 1 1 1
2 c a ca
| |
+ >
|
\ .


2
1 1 1
1
2 a a
| |
+ >
|
\ .
,
2
1 1 1
1
2 b b
| |
+ >
|
\ .
,
2
1 1 1
1
2 c c
| |
+ >
|
\ .

Cng cc bt ng thc trn v theo v ta c:
A

O

B

C

N
M
I
T

K
Q
P

H

2 2 2 2 2 2
3 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 3 9
6 6
2 2 2 2 2 a b c a b c
| | | |
+ + + > + + > =
| |
\ . \ .

2 2 2
1 1 1
3
a b c
| |
+ + >
|
\ .
(iu phi chng minh)

TS. Nguyn Ph Vinh
(TT Luyn thi i hc Vnh Vin TP.HCM)