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A[L [xqhaix{> Gf{xar`io [d`ll{ xf Cwf`h Ulco`cr`{j
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> Fai, M -255?) A[L {xqhaix{> Gf{xar`io {d`ll{ xf cwf`h ulco`cr`{j @i C Naihl`,[ Xrfqh` ' K Kffjba -Ah{),
Xma ufar fg lcioqcoa> Uar{uakx`wa{ grfj Crcb`c
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@ kciifx xackm cipbfhp cipxm`io, @ kci filp jcda xmaj xm`id* [fkrcxa{Ulco`cr`{j `{ c urfblaj xmcx iaah{ xf ba chhra{{ah bp cll ahqkcxfr{ cih lacriar{ -Jcrx`i, 2551)_mai `{{qa{ {qkm c{ {xqhp`io xmrfqom xma jah`qj fg Aiol`{m c{ c {akfih lcioqcoa, h`war{aahqkcx`ficl bckdorfqih{, cih clxaricx`wa kqlxqrcl w`a{ fg mcx kfi{x`xqxa{ ulco`cr`{j crakfi{`harah, xma urfblaj `ikrac{a{ Iawarxmala{{, awarp ahqkcx`ficl `i{x`xqx`fi xmcx chfux{_a{xari*{xpla ur`ik`ula{ xfcrh ulco`cr`{j mc{ xma ra{ufi{`b`l`xp xf asq`u xma`r {xqhaix{ `xmcuurfur`cxa {d`ll{Xm`{ ucuar kfi{`har{ c {`jula hag`i`x`fi fg ulco`cr`{j, cih xmai lffd{ cx mp {xqhaix{ ulco`cr`{a @i chh`x`fi, xmara `{ c br`ag ha{kr`ux`fi fg c Ra{acrkm [d`ll{ cih Urfnakx{ -R['U)kfqr{a xmcx c{ ha{`oiah cih bq`lx {uak`g`kcllp gfr M`omar H`ulfjc Gfqihcx`fi{ -MHG) {xqhaix{cx Hqbc` Jai‐{ Kfllaoa -HJK) @x `{ urfuf{ah, bc{ah fi g`ih`io{ grfj xma c{{fk`cxahlfio`xqh`icl ra{acrkm {xqhp, xmcx {d`ll{ lacriah fi xma R['U kfqr{a j`i`j`{a `ik`haix{ fg  ulco`cr`{j
Hag`i`io cih Rakfoi`{`io Ulco`cr`{j
Clxmfqom xmara cra iqjarfq{ hag`i`x`fi{ fg ulco`cr`{j -Ma}mcj, 3000), `x `{ ifx xma uqruf{a fg xm`{ ucuar xf kfjucra klc{{`g`kcx`fi{ cih qiharu`ii`io um`lf{fum`a{ @i{xach, hag`i`x`fi{ urfw`hah bp xma `i{x`xqx`fi cx m`km xma ra{acrkm {xqhp c{ kfihqkxah `ll ba kfi{`harah XmaM`omar Kfllaoa{ fg Xakmiflfop‐{ -MKX) ckchaj`k mfia{xp ufl`kp hag`ia{ ulco`cr`{j c{“‧hal`barcxalp ura{aix`io cifxmar uar{fi‐{ frd c{ pfqr fi `xmfqx ckdiflahojaix‚-M`omar Kfllaoa{ fg Xakmiflfop, 255;) Xm`{ {fqrka cl{f kcxclfoqa{ `i{xcika{ fg ulco`cr`{jrcio`io grfj kfup cih uc{xa xf jfra {fum`{x`kcxah br`kflcoa, cih `iklqha{ xma q{a fg `jcoa{ cihkmcrx{ `xmfqx ckdiflahoajaix Xma HJK l`brcrp cqojaix{ xma hag`i`x`fi c{ gfllf{> “Xmaq{a fg cifxmar uar{fi‐{ `hac{, a}ura{{`fi{ fr fu`i`fi{ `xmfqx ckdiflaho`io fr ifx`io xma{fqrka‚ -Lacri`io Kaixra, 2558)Xma sqa{x`fi {fjax`ja{ uf{`xah `{ mp ulco`cr`{j `{ o`wai {qkm iaocx`wa {xcxq{ maifgxai xmara `{ if `ixaix`fi xf haka`wa -Jcrx`i, 2551) [macrh, Jcrdmcj, cih H`kd -255;)`ih`kcxa, mfawar, xmcx `i ci ahqkcx`ficl aiw`rfijaix ulco`cr`{j mc{ xmraa jc`i aggakx{ Xma
 
A[L [xqhaix{> Gf{xar`io [d`ll{ xf Cwf`h Ulco`cr`{jMc~al FaiH>\Jp Hfkqjaix{\Hfkqjaix{ cih [axx`io{\Ra{acrkm\Uqbl`kcx`fi{\XA[FL Crcb`c Kfig Urfkaah`io{ 2557VufarVfgVulco`cr`{j\XmaVUfarVfg Ulco`cr`{jVMc~al FaiVXA[FL2557hfkUcoa ; fg 3? War{`fi 3
g`r{x `{ ci a{kclcx`io iaocx`wa cxx`xqha xfcrh xma wclqa fg {xqhp4 {akfihlp, {xqhaix{ mf ulco`cr`{a mcwa ifx lacriah cipxm`io, cih g`icllp, xmap mcwa ifx ckm`awah xma ha{`rah lacri`iofqxkfja @x `{ xmaragfra krqk`cl xmcx `i{xrqkxfr{ rakfoi`{a cih `ihqb`xcblp kfig`rj `ik`haix{ fg  ulco`cr`{j -Ma}mcj, 3000) bakcq{a, c{ Dlc{{ -30=?) cri{, c lcroa cjfqix fg h`{xra{{ kci ra{qlxgrfj arrfiafq{ cllaocx`fi{ @i{xrqkxfr{ xmai mcwa xf haxarj`ia xma `ixaix`fi bam`ih xma ulco`cr`{j -Ma}mcj, 3000) cih maxmar `x fkkqrrah hqa xf {d`ll{ h`{ucr`xp Jcrx`i -3008){qooa{x{ xmcx “jf{x kc{a{ {mfqlh ba haclx `xm c{ jcxxar{ fg ax`sqaxxa rcxmar xmci xmagx‚ -u ;8)
Xpua{ fg Ulco`cr`{j Aikfqixarah cx HJK M`omar H`ulfjc Gfqihcx`fi{
_mcx gfllf{ `{ ifx ci a}mcq{x`wa l`{x fg xpua{ fg ulco`cr`{j, rcxmar `x `{ ci cxxajux xf `haix`gpcih ha{kr`ba xma jc`i xpua{ fg ulco`cr`{j {aai `i MHG cx HJK>
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kfup`io cifxmar {xqhaix‐{ frd4
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mcw`io frd hfia bp cifxmar uar{fi cih {qbj`xx`io `x c{ m`{ fi4
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q{`io c br`kflcoa fg {fqrka{ -`xm fr `xmfqx ragaraika{)4
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ajulfp`io c kfjb`icx`fi fg m`{ fi frh{ cih c r`xar‐{ frh{ -`xm fr `xmfqxragaraika{)4
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q{`io frh{ cih `hac{ grfj {pikmrfifq{ cih c{pikmrfifq{ `ixarckx`fi{ cih uar{ficlkfiwar{cx`fi{ `xmfqx ckdiflahoajaix -Jcrx`i, 2551)4
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hqul`kcx`io ura{aixcx`fi{, u`kxqra{ cih & fr kmcrx{ grfj xma @ixariax cih {qbj`xx`io `xc{ m`{ fi frd -`xm fr `xmfqx ragaraika{)4 cih & fr 
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 ucrcumrc{`io & {qjjcr`{`io & sqfx`io `ichasqcxalp -`xm fr `xmfqx ragaraika{)-Chcuxah grfj Pfqio, 2551)
Rac{fi{ gfr Ulco`cr`{`io
 
Mcw`io `haix`g`ah xma hag`i`x`fi cih xpua{ fg ulco`cr`{j urawclaix cx HJK xma ia}x {xau `{ xfa{xcbl`{m xma gqihcjaixcl rac{fi{ bam`ih ulco`cr`{j
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