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1) Overview: The “Mystery of Mysteries”
•In the GalápagosIslands Darwindiscovered plants andanimals foundnowhere else onEarth•Flightless Cormorant(top) and the Blue-footed Booby(bottom)
2) Speciation
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Speciation
, the origin of new species, isat the focal point of evolutionary theory•Evolutionary theory must explain how newspecies originate and how populationsevolve•
Microevolution
consists of adaptationsthat evolve within a population, confined toone gene pool•
Macroevolution
refers to evolutionarychange above the species level
3) The biological species conceptemphasizes reproductive isolation
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Species
is a Latin word meaning “kind” or “appearance”•Biologists compare morphology,physiology, biochemistry, and DNAsequences when grouping organisms
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