The Earth's Ionosphere: Plasma Physics and Electrodynamics
()
About this ebook
- Fully updated to reflect advances in the field in the 20 years since the first edition published
- Explores the buffeting of the ionosphere from above by the sun and from below by the lower atmosphere
- Unique text appropriate both as a reference and for coursework
Read more from Michael C. Kelley
International Geophysics The Earth’s Electric Field: Sources from Sun to Mud Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratings
Related to The Earth's Ionosphere
Titles in the series (52)
Continental Drift Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Earth's Magnetic Field : Its History, Origin, and Planetary Perspective Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsRadiation in the Atmosphere Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsTheory of Ionospheric Waves Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsPhysics of the marine atmosphere Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsPlanets and Their Atmospheres: Origins and Evolution Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Earth's Climate, Past and Future Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAtmospheric Circulation Systems: their structure and physical interpretation Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Ocean Circulation Physics Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsPhysics Of Geomagnetic Phenomena Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsGeophysical Field Theory and Method, Part B: Electromagnetic Fields I Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsChemistry of the Natural Atmosphere Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsWeather Modification by Cloud Seeding Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsClimate and Life Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsPrinciples of Ocean Physics Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsPlanets and Their Atmospheres: Origin and Evolution Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsDeformations of an Elastic Earth Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Urban Climate Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Lightning Discharge Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAtmosphere-Ocean Dynamics Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsIntroduction to Micrometeorology Rating: 3 out of 5 stars3/5Lunar Gravimetry Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsAtmospheric Ultraviolet Remote Sensing Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsGeophysical Data Analysis: Discrete Inverse Theory: MATLAB Edition Rating: 3 out of 5 stars3/5Cloud Dynamics Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Geophysical Field Theory and Method, Part C: Electromagnetic Fields II Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsPhysics and Chemistry of the Solar System Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5El Nino, La Nina, and the Southern Oscillation Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsGeophysical Field Theory and Method, Part A: Gravitational, Electric, and Magnetic Fields Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsFluid Mechanics of the Atmosphere Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratings
Related ebooks
Electric Propulsion Development Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsPhysics Of Geomagnetic Phenomena Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsGeomagnetism: Volume 4 Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsIntroduction to Electron and Ion Optics Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Hidden Link Between Earth’s Magnetic Field and Climate Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsElectromagnetic Wave Theory: Proceedings of a Symposium Held at Delft, The Netherlands, September 1965 Rating: 3 out of 5 stars3/5Stellar Spectral Classification Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsIntroduction to Modern Optics Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Exoplanet Atmospheres: Physical Processes Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsRadio Astronomy Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsEssential Radio Astronomy Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsTerrestrial Propagation of Long Electromagnetic Waves: International Series of Monographs in Electromagnetic Waves Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsIntroduction to Plasma Physics Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsTheory of Ionospheric Waves Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Arecibo Antenna Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsPaleomagnetism: Continents and Oceans Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5An Introduction to Atmospheric Gravity Waves Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Scattering of Light and Other Electromagnetic Radiation Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsUnsolved Problems in Astrophysics Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Introduction to Gas Lasers: Population Inversion Mechanisms: With Emphasis on Selective Excitation Processes Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsIntroduction to Plasmas and Plasma Dynamics: With Reviews of Applications in Space Propulsion, Magnetic Fusion and Space Physics Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsDial Dancing Rating: 1 out of 5 stars1/5Physics of the Interstellar and Intergalactic Medium Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Physical Processes in Circumstellar Disks around Young Stars Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsSpace Power Systems Engineering Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsRadar Propagation and Scattering in a Complex Maritime Environment: Modeling and Simulation from MatLab Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsRocket Science: From Fireworks to the Photon Drive Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsA Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes: The seminal text on rocket science that foretold the Space Age Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Dawn of Amateur Radio in the U.K. and Greece: a personal view Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratings
Earth Sciences For You
SAS Survival Handbook, Third Edition: The Ultimate Guide to Surviving Anywhere Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Being Human: Life Lessons from the Frontiers of Science (Transcript) Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Foraging for Survival: Edible Wild Plants of North America Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsRockhounding for Beginners: Your Comprehensive Guide to Finding and Collecting Precious Minerals, Gems, Geodes, & More Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsThe Witch's Yearbook: Spells, Stones, Tools and Rituals for a Year of Modern Magic Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5438 Days: An Extraordinary True Story of Survival at Sea Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5We Are the Weather: Saving the Planet Begins at Breakfast Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5A Fire Story: A Graphic Memoir Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5The Children's Blizzard Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Five Acres and Independence Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5The Pocket Guide to Prepping Supplies: More Than 200 Items You Can?t Be Without Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5How to Make Hand-Drawn Maps: A Creative Guide with Tips, Tricks, and Projects Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5The Phantom Atlas: The Greatest Myths, Lies and Blunders on Maps Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Devil's Gate: Brigham Young and the Great Mormon Handcart Tragedy Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Lake Superior Rocks & Minerals Field Guide Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsNorwegian Wood: Chopping, Stacking, and Drying Wood the Scandinavian Way Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Zondervan Essential Atlas of the Bible Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5Answers to Questions You've Never Asked: Explaining the 'What If' in Science, Geography and the Absurd Rating: 3 out of 5 stars3/5Nuclear War Survival Skills: Lifesaving Nuclear Facts and Self-Help Instructions Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Young Men and Fire Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5South: Shackleton's Endurance Expedition Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Herbalism and Alchemy Rating: 0 out of 5 stars0 ratingsGeology: A Fully Illustrated, Authoritative and Easy-to-Use Guide Rating: 4 out of 5 stars4/5Summary of Bruce H. Lipton's The Biology of Belief 10th Anniversary Edition Rating: 5 out of 5 stars5/5
Reviews for The Earth's Ionosphere
0 ratings0 reviews
Book preview
The Earth's Ionosphere - Michael C. Kelley
Table of Contents
Cover Image
Preface
1 Introductory and Background Material
2 Fundamentals of Atmospheric, Ionospheric, and Magnetospheric Plasma Dynamics
3 Dynamics and Electrodynamics of the Equatorial Zone
4 Equatorial Plasma Instabilities and Mesospheric Turbulence
5 Hydro- and Electrodynamics of the Midlatitude Ionosphere
6 Waves and Instabilities at Midlatitudes
7 Dynamics and Electrodynamics of the Mesosphere
8 High-Latitude Electrodynamics
9 Ionospheric Response to Electric Fields
10 Instabilities and Structure in the High-Latitude Ionosphere
Preface
Michael C. Kelley
1 Introductory and Background Material
In this introductory chapter we present a qualitative treatment of several topics that we hope is sufficient to proceed with our study of ionospheric physics. The chapter begins with historical comments and a description of the limitations we have set for the text. In particular, we do not repeat or significantly update the material published by Rishbeth and Garriott (1969) earlier in this same International Geophysics Series. Rather, our emphasis is on electrodynamics and plasma physics, so we refer the interested reader to Rishbeth and Garriott and to Banks and Kockarts (1973) for more information about formation of the ionosphere, its ion chemistry, heat balance, and other aeronomic properties. Another and more recent resource for classical ionospheric science is the text by Schunk and Nagy (2000). Lyons and Williams (1984) have published a text on magnetospheric science.
References
W.I. Axford, C.O. Hines, A unifying theory of high-latitude geophysical phenomena and geomagnetic storms, Can. J. Phys. 39 (1961) 1433.
P.M. Banks, G. Kockarts, Aeronomy. (1973) Academic Press, New York ; Parts A and B.
M.J. Baron, Electron densities within auroras and other auroral E-region characteristics, Radio Sci. 9 (1974) 341.
F.F. Chen, In: 2nd ed. Introduction to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, (Plasma Physics). vol. 1 (1984) Plenum Press, New York.
J.W. Dungey, Interplanetary magnetic field and the aurorae zones, Phys. Rev. Lett. 6 (1961) 47.
G. Iioannidis, D.T. Farley, High resolution D-region measurements at Arecibo, Radio Sci. 9 (2) (1974) 151–157.
V.G. Istomin, Observational results on atmospheric ions in the region of the outer ionosphere, Ann. Geophys. 22 (1966) 255.
C.Y. Johnson, Ion and neutral composition of the ionosphere, Ann. IQSY 5 (1969).
M.C. Kelley, P.M. Kintner, Evidence for two-dimensional inertial turbulence in a cosmic-scale low β -plasma, Astrophys. J. 220 (1978) 339.
M.G. Kivelson, C.T. Russell, Introduction to Space Physics. (1995) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK .
L.R. Lyons, D.J. Williams, Quantitative Aspects of Magnetospheric Physics. (1984) Reidel, Boston .
E.A. Mechtly, S.A. Bowhill, L.G. Smith, Changes of lower ionosphere electron concentrations with solar activity, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 34 (1972) 1899–1907.
R.S. Narcisi, A.D. Bailey, L.E. Wlodyka, C.R. Philbrick, Ion composition measurements in the lower thermosphere during the November 1966 and March 1970 solar eclipses, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 34 (1972) 647.
C.A. Reber, M. Nicolet, Investigation of the major constituents of the April–May 1963 heterosphere by the Explorer XVII satellite, Planet. Space Sci. 13 (1965) 617.
G.C. Reid, Production and loss of electrons in the quiet daytime D region of the ionosphere, J. Geophys. Res. 75 (1970) 2551–2562.
H. Rishbeth, O.K. Garriott, In: Introduction to Ionospheric Physics. Int. Geophys. Set., vol. 14 (1969) Academic Press, New York.
R.M. Robinson, R. Vondrak, J. Craven, L. Frank, K. Miller, A comparison of ionospheric conductances and auroral luminosities observed simultaneously with the Chatanika radar and the de-1 auroral imagers, J. Geophys. Res. 94 (A5) (1989) 5382–5396.
R.W. Schunk, A. Nagy, Ionospheres, Physics, Plasma Physics and Chemistry. (2000) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK .
L. Thomas, Recent developments and outstanding problems in the theory of the D region, Radio Sci. 9 (1974) 121–136.
2 Fundamentals of Atmospheric, Ionospheric, and Magnetospheric Plasma Dynamics
In this chapter we model the ionospheric plasma as three interpenetrating fluids, with the electron and ion fluids immersed in the neutral gas. At all heights of interest in the study of ionospheric phenomena, the neutral gas density exceeds that of the plasma. In fact, the plasma density does not become comparable to that of the neutrals until several thousand kilometers in altitude. The primary difference between ionospheric plasma dynamics and thermospheric neutral gas dynamics is the effect of electromagnetic forces. The various forces acting on charged particles drive electric currents that in turn create electric fields that modify the plasma dynamics. The electrical conductivity of the medium is thus extremely important and is derived in this chapter. We discuss briefly the generation of electric fields in the ionosphere and the transmission of electric fields along magnetic field lines between the ionosphere and the magnetosphere. At middle and low latitudes, the electric field is generated primarily by the neutral wind field. In later chapters electric fields impressed on the ionosphere by solar wind and magnetospheric processes will be taken into account, as will their occasional penetration into the middleand low-latitude sectors. In the analysis that follows, we first obtain the equations for a neutral fluid and then extend them to ionized gases. Finally, we develop the equations needed to describe collisionless plasmas in the absence of a neutral fluid, which is the appropriate approximation for the magnetosphere. Although not the primary topic of this text, such a development is necessary, since we must be able to describe certain key magnetospheric phenomena in some detail.
References
P.M. Banks, G. Kockarts, Aeronomy. (1973) Academic Press, New York ; Parts A