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DEPARTMENT
OF
HOMELAND SECURITY
Office
of
Inspector
General
A Review
of
Background Checks
for
Federal Passenger
and
BaggageScreeners
at
Airports
Office
of
Inspections, Evaluations,
&
Special Reviews
OIG-04-08
January 2004
 
Basic Crew Member Security Training Standards
The Training
Program
In
designing
an
effective training
program
for
Crew Members, airlines mustthe
Vision
100-Century
of
Aviation
Reauthorization
Act.
.i|
ingiis
consistent with the requirements ofEach
of the
training standards established
in
this appendix
to theAQSS^jrequire
either
a
demonstratedjknowledge,
or a
demonstrated
performance,
orboth,in asubject area determinedto benecessaryfor
creujJmembers'.'Ffom
an
instructional
design perspective,students learn best by practicing and
utilizing
newly acquired knowledge
andl^ki
is. Therefore, situational
training
exercises are beingrequired tore-enforce
learning.
Since Crew Members must effectively workas
kjteam,
group-learning
activities
arestronglyencouraged. The
training
standards have been designed
arouhil,three
central
theme!3J|jlj)
requirements contained in
Vision-100,
Century of
Aviation
Reauthorization Act,2) thephilosophy
arid
procedures
delineatedjiftithe
Common Strategy and,3)other subjectsdetermined necessary
by
the
Administrator.
'ji
i!i||i!i
J
l|,
,,
Illinji"'
Using creative instructional design
techniques:willpeTmit
aircraft
operators
to
deliver
effective training
solutionstomeetthestandardsestablished in this appendix. Delivery solutions
sucli^s
use of video, tapes, lecture, computer based
training
and written materials areacceptable elements
of an
effective
tramiqg';program.|'However, it is
imperative
to
note that Vision
100
does
not
accept these
trainingmethods alone. Training programs must
include
situati,onal
training
exercises
consistent
with
these standards and geared toward re-
enforcing
theknowledge gained during lecture
O^jotner pa^fiiVBjdeliyery
methods.
Keeping
the Content
It
is a
prudent
and
conscientioUfcijdecision
for the
'aircraft
operator
to
conduct periodic
and
frequent
reviews
of the
course content. This
will
ensure content accuracy
and
currency
in
lignt'of developing national
and
international events
affecting
air
transportation
and
industry
policy.
Aircraft
operators should consider an end-to-end review of their courseware
annually,
but more
frequently
as events
or
new
policy
may
dictate.
'
'
Basic CrewMember Training
Standards
Page
1 of 6
 
Amy
Stovall, 7-7918
ACI-400
3/6/00
Threat OutlookIssue:
Thethreat levelin theUnited Statesandabroad will remainatleastashighas it is
at
present, and will probably rise.
Note:
Any adverse mention in the following narrative of individual members of anypolitical, social, religious, or national group is not meant to imply that all members of that
group are
terrorists. Indeed, terrorists represent
a
small minority
of
dedicated,
often
fanatical,
individuals
in
most such groups.
It is
those small groups
- and
their actions
-
that
are the
subject
of the
major
points herein.
Major
Points:
1.
The
range
of
terrorist activity
is
expanding. There
is a
growing presence
of
foreign
terrorist
groups in the United States, and links between international terrorists arebeing
forged.
Internationally, terrorist groups have evolved
from
the
secular
to the
religious-oriented. This religious inclination appeals to many and serves as a
justification
to commit even the most appalling acts in the name of
"holy
war."DirectorofCentral Intelligence George Tenethasstated thattheterrorist
infrastructure is
"perhaps bigger than
we
anticipated."
2.
Perceptions
of the
United States
are
negative.
The
U.S.
is
variously regarded
as a
supporter
of
unpopular regimes,
an
enemy
of
Islam
and an
exponent
of
imperialism(political, economic or cultural). Consequently, terrorist sponsors or groups viewU.S. interests as fundamentally hostile to their own, and may consider attacks against
the
United States, either domestically
or
abroad,
as
justifiable
or
even obligatory.3. Some aspects of the terrorist threat are changing. While there has been a significantdownward trendin thenumberofattacks, lethalityisincreasing.TheWorld Trade
Center
bombing
in
1993;
the
Oklahoma City bombing
in
1995;
the
bombing
ofKhobar
Towers
in
1996;
and the
U.S. Embassy bombings
in
East
Africa
in
1998
are
major
examplesof thewillingnessofterroriststocarryoutattacks thatareintendedto
maximize
casualties.
4.
The phenomenon of ad-hoc or non-traditional terrorist groups has introduced a factorthat has greatly complicated the task of preventing terrorist attacks worldwide. There
is an
emerging trend among state sponsors
to
distance themselves
from
the
international terrorism scene; this allows
the
free
agents, such
as
Usama
Bin
Ladin
or
RamziYousef,tostepin andtakeup thecause.Theadventofthese unconventionalterrorists
has
made
it
extremely
difficult
to
anticipate targets, timing
and
methods
due
to the virtual anonymity of the operators and the lack of history by which to gaugeintentions. George Tenet told the Senate Intelligence Committee that recent
of 00

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