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P u b lis h e d
b y th e U k r a in ia n
N a tio n a l A s s o c ia tio n
In c .,a fra te rn a l n o n -p r o fit a s s o c ia tio n
ra in ia n W e e
V o l.
L IX
M o.3 4
TH E
U K R A IN IA N
W EEKLY
SUNDAY, AUGUST
2 5 ,1 9 9 1
5 0
c e n ts
K ra v c h u k c r itic iz e d a s U k r a in e w e lc o m e s c o u p 's c o lla p s e
P o p u la c e
a le rte d
General strike planned
b y d e m o c ra tic g ro u p s
JE R S E Y
C IT Y , N .J . -
A s e v e n ts
su rro u n d in g th e K re m lin c o u p u n fo ld e d
th ro u g h o u t
th eU SSR
a n d th eB altic

re p u b lic s,i n U k ra in e , c o u n tle ss p o liti\u00ad cal and public organizations, oblast and lo c a l c o u n c ils, u n io n s

an d

stu d e n t groups sprang into action to prepare the p o p u la c e

for a
g e n e ra l
strik e
sh o u ld
d e v e lo p m e n ts
in the republic warrant
sucha m ove.
The Popular M ovem ento f Ukraine,
o r R u k h ,o n A u g u st
1 9c a lle d
o n th e
P re sid iu m
of the U k rain ian
S S R
S u \u00ad
prem e

S o v ie tt o d e c la reth e so -c a lle d State C om m ittee on the State of Em er\u00ad g e n c y

e sta b lish e d
in
M oscow
by the

putschists illegal and to state that th e c o m m itte e 's d e c re e sa r e n u llan d v o id onth e territo ryo f U k rain e.

In an appeal to the people of U kraine, R u k h u rg e d th e p u b lict o re m a in c a lm , to be w ary of provocations and to create structuresfo r civil disobediencei n preparation for a general strike.

T h e N a tio n a l C o u n c il, th e o p p o sitio n bloc in th e U krainian Parliam ent,w as ta p p e d

t o
se rv e
as thec o o rd in a tin g
c e n te r
for alld e m o c ra tic
p a r tie san d
m o v e m e n ts. R u k h , m e a n w h ile ,w as
d e sig n a te d
as th ee x e c u tiv e a r m
o f th e
c o o rd in a tin g c e n te r.

O n A u g u st 2 0 , re p re se n ta tiv e so f th e N a tio n a l C o u n c ilan d d e m o c ra tico r\u00ad ganizationsi n U kraine announced that a ll d e m o c ra tic g ro u p sh ad u n ite d

in a
coalition called Independent D em ocra\u00ad
tic U kraine
ino r d e r t od e f e n d
dem o\u00ad
c ra c yan d so v e re ig n tyo f th e re p u b lic .

T h e c o a litio n issu e da sta te m e n t d e \u00ad m a n d in g th a tth e S u p re m e S o v ie t's P re sid iu m

condem n
th e
c o u p
as an
u n c o n stitu tio n a l
a c t,th a t
i td ista n c e
itself from
th eE m e rg e n c y C o m m itte e ,
(C o n tin u e do n p a g e1 3 )
by Chrystyna Lapychak
K iev Press Bureau
K IE V
\u2014
A fte rtw o d a y so f te n sio n
an d
u n c e rta in ty

a b o u tth e fu tu re , thousandso f relieved U krainians w el\u00ad com ed new s on W ednesday, A ugust2 1 , o f th e c o llap seo f th e ju n tao f C o m m u \u00ad n ist

h a rd lin e rs
who had
o v e rth ro w n
S o v ie t
P re sid e n t
M ikhail

G orbachev tw o days earlier w itha victory rallyi n th e c e n tra l O c to b e r R e v o lu tio n S q u a re .

C h a n tin g
"Y eltsin !
Y eltsin !

D ow n w ith K ra v c h u k !" th e c ro w d liste n e dt o re p re se n ta tiv e s o fth e d e m o c ra tic o p p o \u00ad sitioni n the U krainian Parliam ent and v a rio u s p u b lic g ro u p s e x p re ss th e ir gratitude tow ard R ussian SFSR

P re si\u00ad
d e n t
B o ris
Y e ltsin
fo r h issu c c e ssfu l
stan d o ff
a g a in stth e in stig a to rso f th e
failed coupd 'e ta t.

T he speakers placed the blam e for the coupo n th e Com m unist Party and th e S o v ie t p re sid e n t h im se lf fo r a p p o in tin g th e

p e o p le
w hoo v e rth re w
h im ,c r i t i \u00ad
c iz e d
U k rain ian
le a d e r L e o n id
K rav \u00ad
c h u k
fo r h isf a i l u r e
t o
stro n g ly
c o n \u00ad
dem n
th e ju n ta
an dc a lle d
fo r th e
creation of a national guard in U kraine.
L eaderso f U kraine's
P arliam ent
re a c te d
t o
th e e n d o f th ec o u p a n d

reinstatem ento f M r. G orbacheva s U SSR president by voting on Thursday to holda n extraordinary sessiono f the U k rain ian

Suprem e
S o v ie to n

S atu r\u00ad d a y , A u g u st 2 4 ,t o asse ssth e p o litic a l situ atio ni n U k rain e in th e afterm ath of th e fa ile d c o u p .

W h ileth e d r a m a tic e v e n ts u n fo ld e d early last w eek in th e R ussian republic an d

th eB altic
states, U kraine w as
re la tiv e ly
quieta s m any
U k rain ian
p arliam en tary
le a d e rs ,
in c lu d in g
th e
cautious Chairman Kravchuk, adopted
a w ait-and-see attitudei n regard to the
se lf-d e c la re d
S ta te
C o m m itte e
o n th e
State Em ergencyi n M oscow.
It to o k tw o d a y s fo r th e C o m m u n ist-
d o m in a te d
P re sid iu m
toissu e as t a t e \u00ad

m ent on thec o u p , regarded by observers a n d m e m b e rs o f th e o p p o sitio na s o n lya h a lf-ste p b e c a u sei t c o n ta in e d n e ith e ra stro n g

c o n d e m n a tio n
of thec re a tio n
an d
actionso f this self-declared
com \u00ad
m ittee
a su n c o n stitu tio n a l a n dille g a l

n o ra p h rase p u b lic ly su p p o rtin g R u s\u00ad sian P resident Y eltsini n his standoff at the R ussian

P arliam en t.
"Iti s painful, very
p ain fu l th a to u r
U k rain ed id n o t stan d

a lo n g sid e w ith Y eltsin ," d eclared U S S R an d U k rain ian P e o p le 's

D e p u ty

V o lo d y m y r Y a v o riv - sky during the W ednesday victory rally in K iev.

S p e c ia lis ts c o m m e n t
R u k h 's s ta te m e n t o n th e c o u p
R u k h , d e fe n d in g
th erig h t o f th e U k rain ian
p e o p le to an in d e p e n d e n t,
leg itim ate, d em o cratic
n a tio n a l s ta te , re c o g n iz in g
th ele g a lity a n dfu ll

a u th o rityo n th e te rrito ryo f U k ra in eo f c o n stitu tio n a lly c h o se n a n d fo rm e d organs of governm ent, governed by the D eclaration of S tate Sovereignty and th e C o n stitu tio no f th e U k ra in ia n S S R d e c la re s:

1.T h atth e created
e x tra c o n stitu tio n a l o rg ano f a u th o rity
\u2014 theS ta te
C o m m itte e
o n th eS ta te
o f E m ergency
i n
M oscow
\u2014
isille g a l an d its
decisions cannot have legal effecti n U kraine;
2 . R ukh does not recognize th ec o m m itte e a n d d o e s n o t re g a rd itsd e c isio n s
o b lig a to ryf o ri t s e l f ; a n d
3 .R u k h c a llsa ll c itiz e n so f U k ra in en o t to su b m itt o th e w illo f th e c o u p
le a d e r s ,t o c r e a te
o rg a n iz e d
structureso f active resistance, w hich
w ill
c o o rd in a tea n a ll-U k ra in e
strik e ,t o
w h ic h
w ec a ll as theso le
p e a c e fu l,
e ffe c tiv e w e a p o ni n th e stru g g lefo r fre e d o m
an d w elfare of o u r m o th e rlan d ,
our U krainian state.
Ivan D rach
C h airm an
A u g u st 2 0 ,1 9 9 1
D u rin ga T h u rsd a y , A u g u st2 2 , p re ss
c o n f e r e n c e
w ith foreign journalists,
C h airm an
K ravchuk

blam edth e delay in issuing a statem ent on the m ake-up of th e

P re sid iu m ,
w h ic h
h aso n ly
se v e n
dem ocrats
out of 28 m em bers. H ow \u00ad

ever, he defended his cautious approach a sa w ayo f p re v e n tin g" a p ro v o c a tio n " lead in g to a d eclaratio no f m artial la w in U kraine.

\u0456

"H ereit w as n o t a m attero f stro n g w o rd s, but a m a tte ro f p o sitio n . I am notth e president.I cannot m aked e \u00ad c re e s.A so p p o se d

toY eltsin , Ic a n n o t
(C o n tin u e do n p a g e2 )
W h a t th ec o u p m e a n t to r U k ra in e
b y M a r ta K o lo m a y e ts
JE R S E Y
C IT Y , N .J .-
" L e o n id
M akarovych
K ravchuk
a c te d
ju d i\u00ad
c io u sly
and,I w ant to add,c o u ra \u00ad
g e o u sly ," said

G ennadi U dovenko, am bassadoro f U kraine's P erm anent M ission

t o
th e
U n ite d
N a tio n s,
c o m m e n tin g
o n th ea c tio n s o f th e
U k rain ian
S S R
Suprem e
S o v ie t
chairm an
d u rin g
th e
a tte m p te d

c o u pd 'e ta t b y th e h a rd lin e C o m m u \u00ad n ist c o n se rv a tiv e si n M o sc o wo n A u g u st1 9 - 2 1 .

M r. K ravchuk, w ho over the past
y e a rh as b e e n
c h a r a c te r iz e d
as a
c le v e r p o litic ia n
-
o n ew ho know s
h o w
t o
strad d le
a
fe n c e
\u2014
w as
se v e re ly c ritic iz e d
b y d e m o c ra tic
o p p o sitio n g ro u p s in K iev o n A u g u st
2 1 . They felt that M r. Kravchuk,a
C o m m u n ist a n d o n e -tim e id e o lo g ic a l
s e c r e ta r y
of the C o m m u n ist.
P arty
o f U k ra in e w h o h a s h is sig h ts set on
b e in g
U kraine's
f ir s t
e le c te d
p re si\u00ad
d e n t, sh o u ld
h a v e
u n e q u iv o c a lly

su p p o rte d B o ris Y e ltsin , th e p o p u la r\u00ad ly elected dem ocratic president of the R u ssian

F e d e ra tio n .
M r. K ravchuk did react quicklyt o
th e u n fo ld in g
situ a tio ni n M o sc o w ,
issu in g
astatem ent
o n
M onday,
A ugust1 9 , in w hichh e appealedt o
th e
c itiz e n s
o f
U kraine
t o
rem ain

"calm and patient." H e assured them that no stateo f em ergency existedi n U kraine

an d
th a t
U k rain ianS S R
a u th o ritie s re m ain e di n c o n tro l.
T he
U k rain ian
S S R
P re sid iu m 's
A u g u st
2 0
statem en t,
e c h o e d
M r.
K r a v c h u k 's
w ords, stating
th a td e \u00ad
crees by the State C om m itteeo n th e
S ta te
o f
E m ergency
h ad
n o
le g a l
forceo n th e territo ryo f U k rain e.
"The U krainian governm ent acted
c a r e f u lly
a n dg in g e rly , o b v io u sly it
w a n te dt o a v o id c o n fro n ta tio n w h ile
asserting its right to be guided by the
law s
of theU k rain ian
S S R ," said
T aras
H unczak,
ap ro fe sso r
o f
h isto ry
atR u tg e rs U n iv e rsity , w ho
was scheduled
tole a v e fo r U kraine
on Thursday, August2 2 .
" I
su re ly
w ish
th a t
th es p e e c h

m ade by M r. K ravchukh ad beena b it stro n g e r,b u t h e is n o t a Y e ltsin , he is a m an of a different character.

" T h is
is b y n o
m eans
sham eful

b e h a v io r for a re p u b lic th a t w a n tst o goits o w n w ay," saidth e historian w ho

w illb e te a c h in g
a
c o u rseo n
" 2 0 th
C e n tu ry

U k ra in e " d u rin gth e fall sem estera t K iev U niversity an d th e K iev P o ly te c h n ic a l In stitu te .

"K ravchuk w as overly c a u tio u s; he
c o v e re d

him selfa n d th e U k rain ian governm enti n caseo f the successo f th e

c o u p ," c o m m e n te d
P ro f.V asy l
M arkus,
a
p o litic a l
sc ie n tist
fro m
L o y o la U n iv e rsityi n C h ic a g o .
"H ow ever, as the situation becam e
c le a re r
on Tuesday, August 20, he
c o u ld
h a v e
ta k e n
a
m uch
m ore
d e c isiv e s ta n d ." I th in ki t w as ty p ic a l
K ravchuk;
h isp re v io u s
statem en ts
(d u rin g
th e last session
o f th e S u \u00ad
prem e Soviet) have been of the sam e
k in d ,"h e a d d e d .

A c c o rd in g to so m e S o v ie to lo g ists, "typical Kravchuk" m eans that th e U krainian politician can be labeled on o p p o rtu n ist. D r. R o m an S o lc h an y k , o f

th e
R ad io
F re e

E u ro p e /R a d io Liberty Research Institute, analyzed th e e v e n tsa s th e y

u n fo ld e d .
" K r a v c h u k 's
statem ent
to the
citizenso f U kraineo n August 19,I
th in ki t
fairt o say, w asa balanced
o n e .
T h e first d ay of th e c o u p c a lle d
fora balanced approach;i t w ould be
u n fair
t o
e x p e c t
K ravchuk
o n th e
f ir s t
day to
o u trig h tly
condem n
d e v e lo p m e n tsi n M o s c o w ."
W hat
i sd istu rb in g , n o te d
D r.
(C o n tin u e do n p a g e1 0 )
\u0448
^ \u0448
\u0448
^\u0442 \u0448
\u0448
^ \u0436
\u0448
\u0448
^^\u0442 \u0433"^
TH E
U K R A IN IA N
W EEKLY
SUNDAY, AUGUST
2 5 ,
1 9 9 1
N o.3 4
N e w s b rie fs
fro m
U k ra in e
O b itu a ry
D r. B o h d a n C y m b a lis ty , p s y c h o lo g is t,
p ro m o te r o f T h e U k ra in ia n M u s e u m
e
K IE V
-
T h e first d e p u ty
c h a ir\u00ad
m an of th e U k rain ian P arliam en t, Ivan
P liu sh c h , c o n firm e d
that U kraine w ill
n o t sig n th e u n io n tre a ty u n til its n e w
c o n stitu tio n is p asse d .
W hile
m e e tin g
H ungarian
F o re ig n

M inister G eza Ieszenszky in K iev, M r. Pliushch said that it w as neccesary for e x p e rts to e x a m in e w h e th e r th e tre a ty is co n sisten t w ith th e U k rain ian D eclara\u00ad tio n o n S ta te S o v e re ig n ty . M r. P liu sh c h

a n d M r. Ieszenszky decided to open a
H ungarian consulate in U zhhorod and
d isc u sse d
th e
p o ssib le in v o lv e m e n t o f
H ungary
i n
the privatization
of U-
K ra v c h u k c r itic iz e d ...
(C o n tin u e d fr o m
page 1)
m ake
a
d e c isio n
in d e p e n d e n tly ," sa id
M r. Kravchuk.
The parliam entary chairm an said he
h ad sp o k en to M r. Y eltsin sev eral tim es
a
d ay
sin c e
th e
o v e rth ro w
o f
M r.
G o rb a c h e v a n d h a d in fo rm e d h im fro m
th e
s ta r t
th a t h e w o u ld
o p p o se
" th is
u n c o n stitu tio n a l a c t," " th is a d v e n tu re "
a n dw o u ld n e v e r o ffic ia lly re c o g n iz e th e
"self-declared" regim e.

The statem ent issued by the Parlia\u00ad m en t's P resid iu m , a s w e ll a s m o st of M r. K ra v c h u k 's p u b lic sta te m e n ts d e c la re d that the law s and

C o n stitu tio n
o f th e

U krainian SSR take precedence overall other law s or decrees on the territory of th e re p u b lic .

T h e m a in p o in t o f c o n te n tio n in th e
p resid iu m 's statettieh t w us its\u0428
\u0406 on the
U k rain ian
p o p u la tio n
to avoid
strik e s
an d
p u b lic
m e e tin g s a n d
t o
e x e rc ise
restraint in order to prevent a declara\u00ad
tio n
o f
" a n
em ergency
situ a tio n "
in
U kraine like in parts of R ussia and the
B altic s.
I n
c o n trast,
th e

p ro -in d e p e n d e n c e o p p o s itio n , w h ic h fo rm e d a c o a litio n o f d e m o c ra tic o rg a n iz a tio n s a n d p o litic a l parties called Independent D em ocratic U k rain e in re sp o n se to th e o v e rth ro w , called on the population to take to the s tr e e ts

an d
o n
la b o r
t o
com m ence a
general strike.

Over tw o dozen groups, led by the Popular M ovem ent of Ukraine, Rukh, a n d th e N a tio n a l C o u n c il, issu e d a jo in t statem ent on M onday dem anding that th e P re sid iu m

of the U krainian Parlia\u00ad
m ent
o f f i c i a l l y
condem n
th e
S ta te
Com m ittee and convene an extraordi\u00ad
nary session.

"I w o u ld lik e to em p h asize th at iifth is d iffic u lt situ a tio n u n d e r th re a t fro m th is a n ti-c o n stitu tio n a l ju n ta

w ith
a ll
o u r
sh o rtc o m in g s o n ly th e N a tio n a l C o u n \u00ad
cil rem ained
th e a c tu a l a c tin g
P arlia\u00ad

m en t w h ile th e C o m m u n ist m ajo rity sat in the bushes w aiting to see how it all e n d s,"said U k ra in ia n P e o p le 's D e p u ty V o lo d y m y r F ile n k o o f th e P a rty fo r th e D em o cratic R eb irth

of U kraine at the
victory rally.
M em bers
o f
th e
N a tio n a l
C o u n c il
w ho
a d d r e s s e d
th e
r a lly

o u tlin e d several m ajor issues that they hoped to b rin g

u p
d u rin g
th e
e x trao rd in ary
se ssio n o f th e S u p re m e S o v ie t.
Dr. Ihor Yukhnovsky, head
of the
c o u n c il, to ld th e c ro w d th a t th e o p p o si\u00ad
tio n
d e p u tie s w o u ld
dem and
that the
Suprem e
S o v ie t
f i n a l l y
o f f ic ia lly
condem n
th e
f a ile d
c o u p ,
th a t
it
o n c e a g a in d isc u ss th e N a tio n a l C o u n \u00ad
cil proposal that jurisdiction

o v e r th e m ilitia a n d K G B b e tu rn e d o v e r to th e U k rain ian

Parliam ent and

that the U krainian Constitution be am ended to g iv e ju risd ic tio n

over all troops on
k ra in e 's in d u stry an d a g ric u ltu re .
F o re ig n
M in ister
Ie sz e n sz k y
v isite d
th e
K ie v ,
L v iv
an d

T r a n s c a r p a th ia n o b la st o n A u g u st8 - 1 1 . H e said th a t th e n e w re la tio n s b e tw e e n th e tw o c o u n trie s a r e

a
m odel
o f
g o o d -n e ig h b o rlin e ss,
a c c o rd in g
t o
U k rain fo rm -T A S S .
(In \u00ad
te r f a x ,
R F E /R L
D aily R e p o rt)
^ K IE V
\u2014

The form er general con\u00ad sulate of East G erm any on Y aroslaviv Val Street has now

b e e n g iv e n to th e C ounsulate of C anada. T here w ill be an o f f ic ia l

o p e n in g
re c e p tio n
as soon
a s
p o ssib le . (R e sp u b lik a )
(C ontinued on page 10)
U k rain ian
t e r r i t o r y
d u rin g
c e rta in
em ergency situations to the Presidium
of the legislature.

People's D eputy Ivan D rach, R ukh's chairm an, as well as m any other spea\u00ad kers called

for a discussion
in

P arlia\u00ad m e n t o f th e id e a o f c re a tin g a n a tio n a l guard in U kraine. M r. D rach suggested th is fo rc e sh o u ld b e m a d e u p o f 4 0 ,0 0 0 to 50,000 soldiers.

P e o p le 's
D e p u ty
S e rh iy
H o lo v a ty
called for th e dissolution of th e cu rren t
P arliam ent
an d
n e w
e le c tio n s. M a n y
d e p u tie s
w ere
a ls o
h o p e fu l
th a t
th e
f a ile d
c o u p
attem pt
an d
its o u tc o m e
w o u ld
derail the
n e w
u n io n
t r e a t y
p ro c e ss.
" T o d a y , w e sh o u ld c ry iro n ic a lly fo r
(G ennadi)
Y anayev,
w ho
h as
h e lp e d
U kraine
an d
R u ssia
n o t
t o
sig n
th is
u n io n
treaty," said M r. Yavoriysky at
W ednesday's m eeting.
D u rin g
his Thursday,
A u g u st 2 2 ,
press conference
w ith
fo re ig n
jo u r\u00ad
nalists, Chairm an Kravchuk said:

"It isn't necessary for us to rush in to sig n in g th e u n io nt r e a t y . I b e lie v e th a t a t th is m o m e n t th e S o v ie t U n io n n e e d s to fo rm

a g o v e rn m e n t fo r th is tra n sitio n a l p e rio d , m a y b e a c o m m itte e o r c o u n c il, p e r h a p s w ith n in e p e o p le o r s o , w h ic h c o u ld p ro te c t th e a c tio n s o f d e m o c ra tic in stitu tio n s. A ll p o litic a l fo rm s m u st b e re-evaluated. H ow ever,I do believe that w e sh o u ld

u rg e n tly
sign an
e c o n o m ic
agreem ent."

D uring the tw o days of existence in M o sc o w o f th e S ta te C o m m itte e o n th e S ta te

o f
E m ergency,
th e
num ber
o f
m ilitia an d g ray -u n ifo rm ed
In te rio r
M in istry
fo rc e s o n
the streets of K iev
in c r e a s e d
n o tic e a b ly . A fte r
s e v e r a l
im p ro m p tu
rallies on
M onday

an d T u e s d a y , A u g u st 1 9 -2 0 , th e m ilitia a n d In te rio r

M in istry
forces cordoned
o ff
O c to b e r
R e v o lu tio n
S q u are
o n

W ed\u00ad nesday m orning and it rem ained block\u00ad ed off to pedestrians until 5 p.m . w hen th e

crow d
o f
se v e ra l
th o u sa n d
m arched
fro m

K iev C ity H all to hold the victory rally. T he m ilitia peacefully retreated and allow ed the m ultitudes to enter the square.

I n
re sp o n se
t o
ru m o rs
o f
v ario u s
m ilitary
m aneuvers
a ro u n d
U kraine,
V o lo d y m y r
H ry n io v ,
se c o n d
d e p u ty
chairm an

of the U krainian legislature, said that the U krainian governm ent had re a c h e d

a n
agreem ent
w ith
th e
com \u00ad
m an d ers of th e th ree m ilitary d istricts in
U k ra in e th a t th e P re sid iu m
w o u ld
b e
n o tifie d
of all troop
m o v e m e n ts in
U kraine.
A lth o u g h

U kraine was not declared to be in "a state of em ergency" by the M oscow

ju n ta ,
th e
m ilitary
o n

i t s territo ry w as placed in a state of alert o r com bat readiness.

It w as rep o rted also th at th e C rim ean
A S S R
o f f ic ia lly
re c o g n iz e d
th e
S ta te
C o m m itte e o n th e S ta te o f E m e rg e n c y .
G L E N
S P E Y , N .Y . -
D r. Bohdan
C y m b alisty , ch airm an
of the board of
trustees of The U krainian
M useum
fro m
1978 to
1990, died on August 16
after suffering a heart attack.
B o rn
i n
B o rsh c h iv , U k ra in e ,
o n
A u g u st 5 ,1 9 1 9 , D r. C y m b a listy stu d ie d
p sy c h o lo g y
an d
so c io lo g y
i n
L v iv ,
B e rlin , G o e ttin g e n
an d
Leuven. H e
e a rn e d a P h .D . in p sy c h o lo g y fro m
th e
U niversity of G oettingen in 1948.
F ro m
1951 to
1957 D r. C y m b alisty
w orked
a t th e O rie n te E u ro p e o
In sti\u00ad
tu te in M ad rid .
H e cam e to th e U n ited S tates in 1959
an d
w orked
w ith
p sy c h o lo g ic a lly
im \u00ad
p a ire d c h ild re n u n til h is re tire m e n t.
D r. C ym balisty w as director of pro\u00ad
f e s s io n a l
se rv ic e s
o f
th e
N ew
J e r s e y

T ra in in g S c h o o l fo r B o y s, a c o n su lta n t to the New Jersey B ureau of C hildren's Services, and

w as affiliated
w ith
th e
New Jersey R ehabilitation C om m ission
an d
the New
J e r s e y
Bureau of Y outh
a n d F a m ily S e rv ic e s.

H e w as a n in stru c to r a t th e e x te n sio n division of R utgers U niversity and also h a d a p riv a te p ra c tic e in c lin ic a l p sy c h o \u00ad lo g y .

H e w as a m em ber of th e A m erican
P sy c h o lo g ic a l
Association, the New
J e r s e y
P sy c h o lo g ic a l A sso c ia tio n
an d
th e
U k rain ian
A cadem y
of Arts and
S c ie n c e s.

H e w as the author of a book of four essay s, "G ro w in g U p in T w o C u ltu re s," p u b lish e d

in
1 9 8 7
b y
th e
U k rain ian
N ational A ssociation. T he essays,
d e sig n e d
p rim arily
fo r
parents, tea\u00ad

c h e rs, c o u n se lo rs arid le ad e rs o f y o u th o rg a n iz a tio n s, w e re o rig in a lly p u b lish e d by the U krainian

Research and
In fo r-
D r . B o h d a n C y m b a lis ty

m ation Institute and in T he U krainian W eekly. They described the problem of id e n tity fo r y o u th s , th e issu e o f d o u b le lo y a lty , th e p o sitiv e e ffe c ts o f th e e th n ic c o m m u n ity

an d
th e im p a c t o n e th n ic
e d u c a tio n
o n
b o th
in d iv id u a ls
an d
so c ie ty .
D r.
C y m b alisty
p u b lish e d

m any articles in h is field of sp ecializatio n an d also in U krainian periodicals, w here he tirelessly cham pioned the cause of The U krainian M useum .

A fter his retirem ent he lived in G len
Spey w ith his w ife, M artha.
D z v in a n n o u n c e sc u rre n c y d e s ig n c o n te s t
JE R S E Y C IT Y , N .J. -
T h e L v iv -
b a se d
lite r a r y
jo u rn a l,
Dzvin, has
a n n o u n c e d
a c o n te st fo r th e d e sig n
of a new
U krainian currency, spon\u00ad
so re d
b y
th e
p e o p le 's
d e p u tie s
o f
Lviv's Shevchenko R aion and Cher-
v o n a K aly n a P u b lish e rs.
T he
proposals will be judged
b y

sp e c ia lists in c u ltu r e , a r t, e c o n o m ic s and polygraphic arts. Entries willbe c ritiq u e d

o n
th e
su b je c t,
w h ic h
sh o u ld
h a v e
so m e th in g
t o
d o

w ith U k ra in ia n h isto ry o r c u ltu re ; o n th e artistic rendering of the piece (com \u00ad p o sitio n

an d
c o lo r
range) and
o n
p o ly g ra p h ic q u a lity a n d c o m p le x ity .
T he
prizes are: first place,3 ,0 0 0
ru b le s;
se c o n d
place, 2,000 rubles;
th ird
p l a c e , 1 ,0 0 0 r u b l e s . T h e d e a d \u00ad
lin e
is
D ecem ber
1 ,
an d
th e
w in n e rs
w ill be
a n n o u n c e d
o n
th e
an n iv e rsary
of the

re-estab lish m en t of U krainian independence, January 2 2 , 1992.The w inners'proposals w ill b e su b m itte d

t o
U k rain ian
g o v e rn \u00ad
m ent officials in K iev.
S e n d a ll e n trie s to : 2 9 0 0 0 5 , L v iv -5 ,
6
V atu tin
S t.,
P u b lic a tio n
o f
th e
U k rain ian W riters' U nion "D zv in ."
U k ra in ia n W e e tli
FO U N D E D
1 9 3 3
A n
E n g lis h - la n g u a g e
U k r a in ia n
n e w s p a p e r
p u b lis h e d
b y
th e
U k r a in ia n
N a tio n a l
A s s o c ia tio n
In c .,
a
n o n -p ro fit
a s s o c ia tio n , a t
3 0
M o n tg o m e ry
S t., J e rs e y
C ity ,
N J.
0 7 3 0 2 .
S e c o n d -c la s s
p o s ta g e
p a id
a t J e rs e y
C ity , N .J . 0 7 3 0 2 .
(IS S N
-
0 2 7 3 -9 3 4 8 )
Y e a rly
s u b s c rip tio n
ra te : J 2 0 ; fo r
U N A
m e m b e rs
-
S 1 0 .
A ls o
p u b lis h e d
b y
th e
U N A : S v o b o d a , a U k r a in ia n - la n g u a g e
d a ily
n e w s p a p e r.
T h e
W e e k ly
a n d
S v o b o d a :
(2 0 1 ) 4 3 4 -0 2 ^ 7 , -0 8 0 7 , -3 0 3 6
U N A :
(2 0 1 ) 4 5 1 -2 2 0 0
P o s tm a s te r, s e n d a d d re s s
c h a n g e s to :
T h e U k r a in ia n
W e e k ly
P .O . Box 346
J e rs e y C ity , N .J . 0 7 3 0 3
E d ito r-in -c h ie f:
Rom a Hadzewycz
A s s o c ia te e d ito r s : M a r ta K o lo m a y e ts
C h ry s ty n a
L a p y c h a k (K ie v )
A s s is ta n t e d it o r
K h r is tin a L e w
T h e
U k r a in ia n
W e e k ly , A u g u s t 2 5 , 1 9 9 1 , N o . 3 4 , V o l. L IX
C o p y r ig h t
1991 by The
U k r a in ia n
W e e k ly
N o .3 4
TH E
U K R A IN IA N
W EEKLY
SUNDAY, AUGUST 25, 1991
^
3
H e ls in k i C o m m is s io n
le a d e r s
UC C
u rg e s
c o n d e m n a tio n
o fc o u p
com m ento n G orbachev's ouster
^ 0 -^ -^
A
r
rd in g
s
E x
n 1!,
A ffi
S
sp o k e sp e rso n
D e n is
Lahberte, 162
1
,.-
^
- ,
,
,
.
.. \u0406
\u0456\u201e
. ... .
\u0442
\u0422
\u0442
\u0428
\u0428
^ ^ ^ \u0422^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
\u0442
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
\u042f \u0442
.- - -
"^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ F^ ^ ^ P
A r o u n d ta b le d is c u s s io n w ith Y u r iy S h u k h e v y c h
OTTAW A
-
The U krainian Cana\u00ad
d ia n
C o n g re ss
c a lle d
o n th eC an a\u00ad
d ia n g o v e rn m e n t to c o n d e m n th e m ili\u00ad
ta r y
d ic ta to rsh ip
w h ic h
se iz e d
pow er
fro m
Soviet President M ikhail G orba\u00ad
c h e v
o n A u g u st
19 and
t oe x te n d
im m igration and refugee provisions for
U k ra in ia n s c u rre n tly in th e c o u n try .
I n
a nA u g u st 19 c o m m u n iq u e , D r.
D m y tro
C ip y w n y k ,
p re sid e n t
o f th e
U k rain ian
C an ad ian
C o n g re ss, u rg e d
P rim e
M in ister
B rian
M u lro n e yt o
" su p p o rt all p ro -re fo rm , p ro -d e m o c ra\u00ad
tic fo rces" an d "refo rm -m in d ed

re p u b \u00ad l i c s "in c lu d in g th e R u ssia n F e d e ra tio n , the B altics and U kraine.

A lth o u g h th e fe d e ral g o v e rn m e n t h a s
fro z e n
a id to th e S o v ie t U n io n d u rin g
th e
c r is is ,
C a n a d a 's
E x te rn a l
A ffairs
M in ister
B arb ara
M cDougall has re\u00ad
fu se d
t op u b lic ly
su p p o rt
R u ssian
P re sid e n t
B o ris Y e ltsin
an d
th o se
o p p o sin g th e m ilita ry -K G B ju n ta .
H o w e v e r, M r. M u lro n e y jo in e d o th e r
W estern
le a d e r si n p r a is in g

P re sid e n t G orbachev as a "responsible participant in w orld affairs" and suggested that it is in "no one's interest to try to tu rn back th e c lo c k " o n p ro g re ss m ad e u n d e r h is le a d e rsh ip .

T he
U k rain ian
C an ad ian
C o n g re ss
a ls o
u rg e d
E x te rn a l
A ffairs
t oissu e
special im m ig ratio n an d refugee p ro v i\u00ad
sio n s
t oa llo w
U k rain ian
an d

o th e r Soviet visitors to rem ain in C anada "as a result of th e precarious situ atio ni n th e U S S R ." D r . C ip y w n y k

added that the Canadian governm ent should establish an em ergency crisis hotline to provide in fo rm atio n

t o Canadians about \u0433\u0435\u0456\u0430\u0442
tiv e s in U k r a in e /
"
"
"\".'V '
Canadians are registered
a tthe Cana\u00ad
d ia n
E m bassy
i n
M oscow .
A ll w e re
urged to stay at h o m e in case of further
v io le n c e .
C anada
h as
17 d ip lo m a ts
i nth e
R u ssian
capital, w ith
a n o th e r
th re e
e m p lo y e d
a tthe newly opened consu\u00ad
late in K iev.
In a te le p h o n e in te rv ie w o n A u g u st 19
fro m
his headquartersa t the October
H o te l
i nd o w n to w n
K ie v ,
C an ad ian
C o n su l-G e n e ral N e sto r G ay o w sk y d e \u00ad
sc rib e d
th e
situ a tio n

in U kraine as "peaceful." H e, like m ost of the staff at th e S o v ie t E m b assy

in O ttaw a, heard a b o u t M r. G o rb ac h e v 's fall th ro u g h th e m e d ia .

"I found
o u t a b o u t it a t a r o u n d 8 :3 0
a.m . w hile listening
t oth e ra d io ," h e
s a id .
M r.
G ayow sky
a ls o
c o n firm e da n
appeal issued
by U krainian

P re sid e n t L e o n id K r a v c h u k , c a llin g o na l l c itiz e n s of U kraine

to be wise and not to do
an y th in g rash .
C a n a d a 's
d ip lo m a tic
re p re se n ta tiv e
in
K ie v
s a id
th a t
d e sp ite
tw o

m in o r street dem onstrations, all state-con\u00ad tro lle d

o p e ra tio n s c o n tin u e d
t of u n c \u00ad
tio n
an d
th a t
n os t a t e
o fem ergency
w o u ld
lik e ly
b ed e c la re d .
H ow ever,
ru m o rs
c o n tin u e d
t oa b o u n d
fro m
M oscow
an d
K ie v , in c lu d in g a n in c i\u00ad
d e n t
o f sh o ts
b e in g
f ir e d
i nC rim ea,
w here
M r.G orbachev
w asb e in g
d e ta in e d .
B ut despite the relative calm
in the
U k r a i n i a n c a p i t a l , M r ." G a y o w s k y h a d
m o re p e rso n a l c o n c e rn s fo r safe ty . B o th
his m other and sister had just acrived-
fo ra v isit j r o m
C anada.
\u0420 \u0420 \u0429
\u0420 \u0420 \u0420 \u0420 \u0420^\u0420 \u0418
\u0457\u0457 w i t h Y u r i y S h u k h e v y c h
W A S H IN G T O N
-
R e p . S te n yH .
H oyer
(D -M d .)
an d
S e n .
D e n n is
D e C o n c in i
(D -A riz .),
chairm an an d
co-chairm an
o f th e
C o m m issio no n
S e c u rity
an d
C o o p e ra tio n
i nE u ro p e
(H e lsin k i C o m m issio n ),h av e c o n d e m n \u00ad
e d
th e e a rly -m o rn in g
A u g u st 19 c o u p
th a t o v e rth re w

P re sid e n t M ik h a il G o r\u00ad bachev, calling his ouster "a desperate an d

se lf-d e fe a tin g
m ovet o turn
b a c k
S o v ie t d o m e stic
re fo rm
an d
c o o p e ra \u00ad
tion in international relations."
"It raises doubts about the arm s
agreem ents concluded
w ith th e U S S R
an d
th re a te n sa d e te rio ra tio n
i nr e l a \u00ad
tio n s
a llo v e r
th eg lo b e ," n o te d th e
H elsin k i C o m m issio n lead ers.!,
"T h is;i s : a n
a tte m p t b y
r r a p f ta n a r y
fo rc e stin th e S o v k t:U n io n
t(v saf^ ik r4
:
th e ir
ow n
p o sitio n s
an d

re v e rse th e historic progress that has been achieved to w ard

p o litic a l re fo rm , d e c e n tra liz a \u00ad
tion, dem ocracy
an d
d e te n te w ith th e
W est," said
C h airm an

H oyer. "W e c o n d e m n th is ille g a l ta k e o v e r o f p o w e r an d

w e c a ll u p o n
this self-proclaim ed
ju n ta
t ore tu rn
p o w e r to th e
law fu lly
elected leadership of th e Soviet U nion."
" T h e so lu tio n to th e se rio u s p ro b le m s
c o n fro n tin g
th e U S S R
is m o re d e m o \u00ad
c r a c y ,
n o t
ac o u p
o rc h e stra te db y
m ilitary-K G B-Com m unist Party hard\u00ad
lin e rs," said C o -C h airm an
D e C o n c in i.
"T he
S o v ie t
U n io n 's
o n ly
h o p eo f
jo in in g
th e c o m m u n ity o f la w -a b id in g
an d

p ro sp e ro u s c o u n trie s is th e b a llo t box, not tanks and arm ored personnel c a r r ie r s ."

"W e are particularly concerned about
the fate
o f th e B a ltic p e o p le s ," a d d e d
Sen.,D eC oncini. "There are reports that
by Rom aH adzew ycz
For m anyy e a r s , Yuriy Shukhevych
\u2014
r e f e r r e d to as " th e eternalprisoner"
\u2014

w asth es u b j e c t ofnum erous defense a c tio n s c o n d u c te d inth e W est. H e w as a S o v ie t p o litic a lprison er sin ceth e a g e o f 1 5 u n til age 54, r e c e iv in g s e n te n c e a fte r s e n te n c e fo r b e in g th e s o n o fth eC om \u00ad

m a n d e r -in -c h ie f o f th e U k r a in ia nIn su r\u00ad
gent Arm y (UPA), G en. Rom an Shu\u00ad
k h e v y c h
(TarasC h u p r y n k a ) , and re\u00ad
fu s in g tod e n o u n c e h is fa th e r .

W h ile visiting the U n ite dS ta te s a n d C a n a d a , M r. S h u k h evychh a sa d d r e s s \u00ad e dU k r a in ia n c o m m u n ity m e e tin g s a n d m e t w ith v a r io u s o r g a n iz a tio n s in h is

c a p a c ity a s chairm an o fth eU k r a in ia n
In ter- P a rty
A ssem bly,a
c o a litio n
o f
p o litic a l g r o u p s fo r m e d
in
1 9 9 0 .
I n J u ly h e p a id a v is it to th e U k r a i\u00ad
n ia n N a tio n a l A s s o c ia tio n , w h e r e h e
m et w ith
th e a s s o c ia tio n 's
su prem e
o ffic e r sa n d e d ito r s o fi t s tw op u b lic a \u00ad
tio n s ,
S v o b o d a
a n d
T h e U k r a in ia n
W e e k ly .
At the UNA, M r. Shukhevych
w as
e n g a g e di na r o u n d ta b le d is c u s s io n w ith
th e
U N A
o ffic e r s
a n d
e d ito r s .
C O N C L U S IO N
Y ou
n o te d
th a t
n o th in g
w o u ldb e
g a in e d b y p u rsu in g o n ly th e p a rlia m e n \u00ad
ta r y
ro u te
u n su p p o rte d
b ya n y th in g
e lse . W hat
k in d
o f su p p o rt
d oy o u
m ean?
It sh o u ld b e su p p o rte d , first o fa l l , b y
a n
o rg a n iz e d

w orkers' m ovem ent. Se\u00ad condly, you understand, the arm ed forceso f the em pire are falling

a p a r t.

T h is is a fa c t, a n d th o u g h it m ay n o t b e h a p p e n in g a s q u ic k ly a s w e w o u ld lik e , th e se

fo rc e s
a r e
f a llin g
apart. AndI
think that the?e im perial arm ed forces
th e
S o v ie t
m ilitary
has taken
o v e r
c o n tro lo f th e
B altic
re g io n
an d
th a t
a n y o n e w h o re sists th e ta k e o v e r w ill b e
arrested. W e condem n
an y
m oves
a g a in s t
th e
d e m o c ra tic a lly
e le c te d
p arliam en ts
o fLithuania, Latvia and
E sto n ia ."

"W e are also very w orried about the p e o p le in th o se re p u b lic s w h o se law fu lly e le c te d

le a d e rsh ip
has refused
to sign
th e u n io n tre a ty ," said R e p . H o y e r. 'W e
h av e
h e a rd
re p o rts
o f S o v ie t
fo rc e s

m o v in g a a in s t G e o rg ia ,a re p u b lic th e H e lsin k i C o m m issio n in te n d s to v isit in Septem ber.

W e
a r e
a ls o
alarm eda t
reports that dem ocratic
p o litic ia n si n
R u ssia,
su c h
a sL e n in g ra d
M aybr
A natbly Sobchak, have been arrested."
th e
su rp rise

o u ste ro f P re sid e n t G o rb a c h e v a n d th e u n p re d ic ta b ility o f e v e n ts h a s p la c e d in q u e s tio n th e C S C E M e e tin g

o n th e H um an
D im e n sio n ,
sc h e d u le d
t ob e g in
o n
Septem ber 10.
"T he
im p o rta n c e
of as t a t e
o fem er\u00ad
gency and
th e sh u td o w n
o f th e d e m o \u00ad
c r a tic
process raises grave
q u e stio n s
a b o u t
w h e th e r
am e e tin g
o n hum an
rights w ill be held
i nM oscow ," R ep.
H oyer said.

T h e le a d e rsh ip o f th e H e lsin k i C o m \u00ad m issio n b e lie v e s th a t th e U n ite d S ta te s sh o u ld ta k e th e le ad in c o o rd in a tin g a W estern

re sp o n se
t o the crisis inth e
S o v ie t U n io n . O n e su c h

p o ssib ilityi s th e c a llin g o f a n e m e rg e n c y m e e tin g o f th e C S C E .

R ep.H oyer and Sen. D eC oncini plan
to lead
aC o n g re ssio n a l d e le g a tio nt o
M oscow
an d
G e o rg ia
t o m eet w ith
S o v ie t, R u ssia n R e p u b lic a n d G e o rg ia n
leaders oh Septem ber 3-10.
m u st b e d ism a n tle d .

B ut th is does not m ean thatw e should w in d u p w ith o u t a rm e d fo rc e s.W e h a v e g re a t

potential. Please
d o n o t fo rg e t
th a t 7 0 p e rc e n to f S o v ie t o ffic e rs

a r e U krainians. W ell, not all of them , to be su re , are ready to take our position on in d e p e n d e n c e ,

b u tv e ry
m any
a c c e p t

th is id e a ina p o sitiv e m a n n e r.I th in k that \u2014 having those arm ed forces that e x ist

to d a y a n d h av in gth e o p p o rtu n ity to proceed in such a fashion thata l l new d r a f te e s

i n U kraine

w ill se rv e o n ly w ith in th e b o rd e rs o f U k ra in e \u2014 we c an som ehow

U krainianize
arm y
u n its
sta tio n e d
inU kraine. I nth is m a n n e r,

despite M oscow 's w ishes, we can have o u r o w n a rm e d fo rc e s. T h is is th e m o st p ro m isin g p a th fo r U k ra in e \u2014 n o t th e c re a tio n

o fv a rio u s u n o ffic ial
units as
w as d o n e in so m e o th e r re p u b lic s.
S o
y o u
c a n
u se
th e
p a r lia m e n ta r y
p a th
t oe n a c t la w s r e g a r d in g m ilita r y
se rv ic e ?
S u c h u n its w ill b e g a in e d n o ts o m u c h
v ia
ap arliam en tary
p a th
a s th ro u g h

pressure on th e P arliam en t in th e sense th a t w e c alle d o n o u r b o y s n o t to jo in the arm y

ifth e y
were not guaranteed
th a t
th e y
c o u ld
se rv e
o n

U k rain ian territory. A s w ell, there is the pressure e x e rte d b y th e C o m m itte e o f S o ld ie rs ' M o th ers. W e w ere th e in itiato rs of th eir g ro u p s

also, and
i t was we who
e n \u00ad
c o u ra g e d
th e m
t o pressure for U krai\u00ad
nian arm ed forces.

T hey began to dem and the creationo f Ukrainian arm ed forces, they picketed th e

Suprem e
S o v ie t,
th e y

c o n d u c te d a g ita tio n n o t o n ly a m o n g th e in fo rm e d se g m e n ts

o f th e

p o p u la tio n , b u t also am ong arm y units. And they achieved sig n ific a n t

successes \u2014
maybe nota s
m uch as we w ould like to see because
th e se
c o m m itte e s
a r e
n o t

u n ifo rm ly a c tiv e th ro u g h o u t th e c o u n try , b u t w e se e

that, after
all, they
h av e
i nf a c t
achieved som ething.
T o

what degree w ill these young s o ld ie r s r e a liz e n o t o n ly th a t th e y a r e se r v in g

inU k r a in e b u t th a t th e y a r e
s e r v in g U k r a in e ?
F irst o f a ll, th e se b o y s c a n n o t fin d
th e m se lv e s u n in flu e n c e d
b yth e p o litic a l
an d
o th e r
p ro c e sse s
ta k in g
p la c e
i n
U kraine.
T h u s, to d ay
th e y e n te r th e
arm y
w ith certain
ideas \u2014

th is is n o t n e w to th e m . T h e rei s a lso th e su b je c tiv e desire of each to serve in U kraine, not som ew here in the Far East or in Azer- baidzhan, for exam ple.

As regards the officers, therei s no
d o u b t
th a t th e y
were kept closed
o ff
fro m
social-political life. B ut th ey , to o ,
c a n n o t h e lp b u t b e in flu e n c e d
by these
processes. Add
t oth is th e ir
s o c ia l
s t a t u s ,w h ic h
m ost
re c e n tly
has de\u00ad

c lin e d . T h e y a re n o t p ro v id e d fo r, th e y h av e m an y p ro b le m s. T h is, to o , p lay s a ro le .

T h e y
u n d e rstan d
th a t

p e rh a p s th is e m p ire c a n n o t so lv e th e ir p ro b le m s, a n d that is why they are leaning tow ard the idea of U krainian arm ed forces.

H ow
i s th e
Com m unist Party
o f
U kraine
c h a n g in g ?
H ow
i si tth a t
L e o n id
K ravchuk
an d
I v a n

P liu sh c h , fo r e x a m p le , a re n o w p la y in g th e ro le s of dem ocrats?

The Com m unist Party of U kraine is
lo sin g
i t sa u th o rity .
I ti sa l s o
lo sin g

m em bers. T h u s, there are tw o processes at w ork here. W e w ere skeptical in our p o sitio n

to w ard
the first secretary (of
th e
C P U )
Hurenko, but, you
know ,
re c e n tly h e c a m e o u t w ith re se rv a tio n s
a g a in st th e u n io n tre a ty . I w o u ld so o n e r
trust (Stanislav)
H urenko
th a n
K rav \u00ad
c h u k , w h o se re se rv a tio n s re g a rd in g th e
u n io n tre a tyI d o n o t b e lie v e .
T h e re
a r e
o th e r p ro c e sse s

a f f e c tin g the p arty . M any are q u ittin g the party b u t in sp irit rem ain C o m m u n ists\u2014 an d th is frig h te n s m e a b it. In w h ic h p a rtie s w ill th e y

w in d
up? W hat
k in d so f
p o lic ie s w ill th e y p r o m o te ?

N o n e th e le ss, th e p a rty to d a y is d isin \u00ad te g r a tin g , e sp e c ia lly th e lo w e r e c h e lo n s of the party. As regards the leadership, it c o n tin u e s to h o ld o n to its p riv ile g e s an d

d o e s
n o t in te n d
t olo se
th e m .
H ow ever, they
are ready,i f there isa
(C ontinued on page 12)
Y u riy S h u k h e v y c h
of 00

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