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Ш
V o l.L IX
lis te db y th e U k ra in ia n N a tio n a l A s s o c ia tio n In c .,a fra te rn a l n o n -p r o fit a s s o c ia tio n !
ra in ia n W e e k l
N o .5 0
TH E U K R A IN IA N W E E K L Y
SUNDAY. DECEMBER
1 5 .1 9 9 1
V
5 0 c e n ts
P arliam ent charges
le a d e rs h ip w it h
C h o rn o b y l c o v e r-u p
by Chrystyna Lapychak
K iev Press Bureau
K IE V
-
T he
U k ra in ia n

P a rlia ­ m ent passed a resolution on W ednes­ day, D ecem ber1 1 , dem anding

th a t
S o v ie t le a d e rs fro m
Soviet President
M ik h a il G o rb a c h e v
o n
dow n
b e
p ro s e c u te d fo r c o v e rin g u p th e C h o r­
nobyl nuclear disaster of A pril 1986.
Ina dram atic speech.before P arlia­
m ent on
D ecem ber
1 1 , V o lo d y m y r
Y avorivsky
a n n o u n c e d
h e w o u ld
s u b m it
t o
U k ra in e 's
P ro c u ra to r
General evidence
g a th e re d
b y
tw o
p a rlia m e n ta ry
C h o rn o b y l
com m is­
s io n s im p lic a tin g
th e S o v ie t a n d
U k ra in ia n
le a d e rs h ip
in
a
crim inal
disregard for the lives of hundreds of
th o u s a n d s
of victim s of the
C h o r­
nobyl catastrophe.
" T h is is a p o litic a l e v a lu a tio n . It is
o u r
p re ro g a tiv e
a s
a
P a rlia m e n t,"
s a id
M r.
Y avorivsky,
w ho
a n ­
n o u n c e d
h e
w o u ld
h a n d
o v e r
th e
m a te ria ls h is c o m m is s io n h a d g a th ­
e re d
t o

Procurator General Viktor S h y s h k in fo r c rim in a l in v e s tig a tio n . T h e e v id e n c e p o in te d to tw o lis ts o f le a d e rs .

T h e a ll-u n io n S o v ie t list w a s h e a d ­
ed by President G orbachev, form er
(C o n tin u e d o n p a g e 3 )
T H E
D E M IS E
OF THE S O V IE T
U N IO N
U k ra in e ra tifie s a m e n d e d a g re e m e n to n c o m m o n w e a lth
by Chrystyna Lapychak
K iev Press Bureau
K IE V
-
T he
Suprem e
C o u n c il o f
U k ra in e
o n
T u e s d a y ,
D ecem ber
1 0 ,
ra tifie d ,
2 8 8
t o
1 0 , w ith
c e rta in
k e y
c h a n g e s
a n d
am endm ents, the A gree­
m ent
o n
th e F o rm a tio n
of the Com ­
m o n w e a lth
o f
In d e p e n d e n t

S ta te s signed last Sunday by the presidents of R u ssia

U k ra in e a n d th e p a rlia m e n ta ry
chairman of Belarus.
T h e a g r e e m e n t, w id e ly v ie w e d a s th e
f in a l n a il o n
the coffin
o f

th e d y in g S o v ie t U n io n , w a s sig n e d in a h u n tin g lo d g e

o u ts id e
Brest as Russian

P r e s d e n t B o ris Y e lts in , U k ra in ia n P re s id e n t Leonid K ravchuk and Belarusian Sejm C h a irm a n

S ta n is la v S h u s h k e v ic h c o n ­
c lu d e d
a
tw o -d a y
S la v ic
sum m it
o n
D e c e m b e r 7 -8 in B e la ru s .
The three leaders signed the accord
ju s t
over one week
a fte r

U k ra in e 's declaration of independence w as over­ w h e lm in g ly c o n firm e d in a D e c e m b e r1 p le b is c ite .

T he
R u ssian
F e d e ra tio n
re c o g n iz e d
U k ra in ia n
s ta te h o o d
tw o
d a y s
la te r.
S e v e ra l o p p o s itio n

d e p u tie s h a v e p ri­ v a te ly c o n n e c te d R u s s ia 's q u ic k re c o g ­ n itio n , w h ic h

is of key im portance to U k ra in e , to U k ra in e 's a g re e m e n t to jo in th e c o m m o n w e a lth .

In its D e c e m b e r 1 0 v o te , th e U k ra i­
nian P arliam ent added and changed key

p o in ts in th e a g re e m e n t s tre n g th e n in g th e s o v e re ig n ty o f th e in d iv id u a l m e m ­ b e r-s ta te s .

T he
m ost
s ig n ific a n t
c h a n g e s
a n d
a d d itio n s w e re m a d e in a rtic le s
5 ,6 a n d
7 o f th e

14-point accord. They regard the issues of m utual respect for existing state borders, the right to form

s e p a ra te
n o n -s tra te g ic n a tio n a l a rm e d
fo rc e s
b a s e d
o n
S o v ie t tro o p s o n th e ir te rri­
to ry , c o n s u lta tio n s
in s te a d

of coordi­ n a tio n o f fo re ig n p o lic y , a n d c o n s e n s u s d e c is io n s

b y
th e
m em ber
s ta te s
o f
re c o m m e n d a tio n s
by the yet-to-be-
fo rm ed
c o o rd in a tin g
in s titu te s
in
M in s k .
" T h e a tte m p ts o f th e c e n te r to re v iv e
a n
o ld
u n io n
a re n o t o n ly u n re a lis tic ,
b u t h a rm fu la s th e y d e c e iv e o u r p e o p le s ,"
.s a id
U k ra in ia n

President Kravchuk during a new s conference on M onday, D e c e m b e r 9 , in K ie v .

"This was not an attem pt to form
a
S la v ic c o m m o n w e a lth . I m e n tio n e d
a lre a d y
o n
D ecem ber 5 the idea of a
c o m m o n w e a lth
a n d w e c o n s u lte d w ith
N u rsu ltan

N azarbayev. W e decided to g iv e th e te x t o f th e a g re e m e n t to a ll th e fo rm er

S o v ie t re p u b lic s , in c lu d in g th e
B a ltic s ," s a id P re s id e n t K ra v c h u k .

"1 said before that U kraine w ill sign no treaty w hich m akes it part of another s ta te . W e said w e could agree to som th in g

in
th e
model of
th e
E u ro p e a n
c o m m u n ity . S o
w e a ll c a m e
to g e th e r
C a m p a ig n fo r U .S . r e c o g n itio no f U k r a in e
re c ru its
m o re
s u p p o rte rs
i n
C o n g re s s
W A S H IN G T O N
-

C ongressional support for U nited States'form al recog­ n itio n

o f
U k ra in e
in c r e a s e d
in
th e

closing days of the first session of the 102nd C ongress. A total of2 8 senators and 92

representatives expressed
th e ir
s u p p o rt fo r re c o g n itio n e ith e r th ro u g h
c o -s p o n s o rs h ip
of the
c o n g re s s io n a l
re s o lu tio n s
(S .C o n .R e s .
6 5
o r
H .Con.Res. 212) or by

re s p o n d in g p o s itiv e ly to a le tte r, d a te d N o v e m b e r I, fro m

th e
W a s h in g to n
O ffice
of the
U k ra in ia n
N a tio n a l A s s o c ia tio n w h ic h
a s k e d
e a c h
M ember of Congress
th e
fo llo w in g q u e s tio n :
A re
y o u
i n
support of
th e U n ite d
S ta te s o ffic ia lly r e c o g n iz in g
U k r a in e 's
in d e p e n d e n c e
a n d
e s ta b lis h in g
fu ll
d ip lo m a tic r e la tio n s w ith
the govern­
ment of
U k r a in efo llo w in g
a positive
c o n fir m a tio n
v o te
i n

U k r a in e 's in d e ­ pendence referendum on December 1, 1 9 9 1 ?

The following M embers of Congress expressed their support of U .S . recogni­ tio n

(nam es
fo llo w e d
b y
a n
a s te ris k
in d ic a te th a t th e c o n g re s s m a n
d ie n o t
sponsor the resolution, but responded
p o s itiv e ly to th e q u e s tio n n a ire .)
U n ite d S ta te s S e n a te
A la b a m a :
R ic h a rd
C . S h e lb y ; A ri­
z o n a :
D e n n is
D e C o n c in i,
J o h n
M c­
C a in ;
C a lifo rn ia :
J o h n
Seym our;
C o n n e c tic u t: C h ris to p h e r J . D o d d , J o e
L ie b e rm a n ;
F lo rid a :
B ob
G raham ,
C o n n ie
M ack;
H aw aii: D aniel
K .
In o u y e ; Illin o is : A la n J . D ix o n ^ , P a u l
S im o n ; M a ry la n d : B a rb a ra
A . M ik u l-
s k i;
M assachusetts: John
F. K erry;
M ic h ig a n : D o n a ld
W . R iegle; N ew
Jersey: Bill B radley, Frank
R . L a u te n -
berg; New

Y o rk : D a n ie l P . M o y n ih a n , A lfonse M . D 'A m ato; N orth C arolina: J e s s e

H elm s; O hio: H ow ard
M e tz e n -
baum , John
G le n n ; P e n n s y lv a n ia :
A rlen
S p e c te r,
H arris
L .
W o ffo rd ;
S o u th
D a k o ta :
L a rry
Pressler; U tah:
O rrin
G .
H a tc h ;
W a s h in g to n : B ro o k
A dam s; W isconsin: R obert W . KaL en;
W y o m in g : M a lc o lm
W a llo p .
U .S . H ouse of Representatives
A rizona: John
K y i; C a lifo rn ia : T o m
C a m p b e ll, C . C h ris to p h e r C o x , R a n d y
(v o iU ^ iu e d o n p a g e 3 )
a n d a g re e d th a t th is w a s th e o n ly c o rre c t
a p p ro a c h
to s to p th e u n re g u la te d
a n d
u n c o n tro lle d
d is in te g ra tio n
in
a ll a s ­
p e c ts o f life ," h e s a id .
"W e acted
a c c o rd in g

to o u r a u th o ­ rity , o u r c o n s titu tio n s o f o u r in d e p e n d ­ e n t

states, and
a c c o rd in g
t o
in te rn a ­
tional legal norm s," he asserted.

"U kraine in all ofi t s m atters rem ains in d e p e n d e n t. W e a g re e d th a t th e issu e s o f

a
n a tio n a l
c u rre n c y
a n d
n a tio n a l
arm y
were the business of each state,
w h ile
issues such
a s n u c le a r w e a p o n s
w o u ld
b e jo in tly
re g u la te d
by agree­
m ents," said the president.
The accord
foresees coordination in
tw o k e y s a re a s : e c o n o m ic re fo rm
a n d
joint control of strategic forces.
" T o g e th e r w e ll in tro d u c e e c o n o m ic
reform s, helping each Ш
іе г , y e t a c tin g
in d e p e n d e n tly ,"
s a id
P re s id e n t
K rav­
chuk. "For
th is p e rio d w e ll k e e p th e
ruble. Y eltsin has agreed
to g iv e u s a
m ass of rubless o w e can raise w ages an d
p e n s io n s b e fo re fre e in g p ric e s ."
"T he
control over nuclear weapons
w ill be joint," he said. "T his
b la c k

briefcase w ill be in the hands of three le a d e rs a n d th e b u tto n s w ill b e c o n n e c t­ e d . In o th e r w o rd s th e y w ill o n ly w o rk w hen pressed by all three sim ultaneous­ ly . T h e re fo re

th is
s y s te m
d o e s
n o t
in c re a s e th e d a n g e r, b u t s tre n g th e n s th e
guarantees against danger. W e had to
(C o n tin u e d o n page 2)
a
L a p y c h a k
" I s o le m n ly
sw ear to
th e p e o p le
of Ukraine
t o
re a liz e
m y
a u th o rity
a s
president, to
s tr ic tly
adhere to
th e C o n s titu tio n
a n d

law s of U kraine, to re s p e c t a n d p ro te c t th e rig h ts a n d lib e rtie s o f p e o p le a n d c itiz e n s , to d e fe n d th e s o v e re ig n ty

of U kraine and to conscientiously
fu lfill m y o b lig a tio n s ,"
pledged President Leonid M , K ravchuk on Thursday, D ecem ber 5.
2 -
T H E U K R A IN IA N W E E K L Y
SUNDAY! DECEMBER
15! 1991
N o.5 0
W o rld
le a d e rs
c o n g ra tu la te
n e w
U k r a in ia n p r e s id e n t
IChrystyna lapychak
A
scene from
th eU k r a in ia n
P a r lia m e n t d u r in g in a u g u r a t io n
cerem onies for President Leonid K ravchuk on Thursday,
JE R S E Y
C IT Y , N J . -

A m o n g th e n u m e ro u s c o n g ra tu la to ry g re e tin g s se n t to Leonid K ravchuk on the occasion of U k ra in e 's

v o te
fo r
in d e p e n d e n c e
o n
D ecem ber
1 and
o n
M r.
K r a v c h u k 's
v ic to ry
in
U k ra in e 's
p re s id e n tia l e le c ­
tio n s
w ere
o ffic ia l
s ta te m e n ts
fro m ,
am ong others:
P o la n d , C a n a d a , C u b a , S o u th

K o­ re a , G re e c e , th e U n ite d S ta te s o f A m e­ rica, Germ any, Czecho-Slovakia,

A r­
m e n ia ,
T a d z h ik is ta n ,
L ith u a n ia ,
K ir­
g h iz ia , M o ld o v a , G e o rg ia , E s to n ia ,
B ashkir and the Perm anent M ission
o f
U k ra in e to th e U n ite d N a tio n s .
F o llo w in g a r e e x c e rp te d g re e tin g s :
POLAN D:
. . .
P o la n d
is th e first
c o u n tr y
t o
recognize U k r a in e as as o v e r e i g n state
a n d is p la n n in g to e s ta b lis h fu ll d ip lo ­
m a ticr e la tio n s w ith
U kraine.
Ia m

c o n fid e n t th a t lo n g -te r mc o o p e ­ r a tio n b e tw e e n o u r tw o c o u n tr ie s w ill p r o v e to b e b e n e fic ia lfo rth ew e ll-b e in g ofo u rr e s p e c t i v e n a tio n s , our neighbors a n d a ll o fE u r o p e .

L ech W alesa
P r e s id e n t o f P o la n d
C U B A :
Esteem ed Com rade President,
It is w ith g r e a t in te r e s t th a t ffo llo w ed
the process

w h ic h c u lm in a te d in th e m o m e n to u s p o litic a l e v e n t o f S u n d a y (December I), whereby the

U k r a in ia n
p e o p le m a d e a h is to r ic c h o ic e a n d y o u
w ere given
th e m a n d a te to
le a d y o u r
n a tio n .
D ecem ber 5.

I ta k e th is o c c a s io n to e x te n dg r e e t ­ in g sto y o u o n b e h a lf o f th e g o v e r n m e n t a n d th e p e o p le o fC u b a . I w o u ld a ls o lik e

t o
e x te n d
m y
m ost sincere and
h e a r tfe lt fe e lin g s o f fr ie n d s h ip , c o n fi­
d e n t
th a t
w e
w ill c o n tin u e to
w o rk

to g e th e r a sh e r e t o f o r e , in th e n a m e o f progress and the s tr e n g th e n in g of the m u ltila te r a l

a n d
m u tu a lly b e n e fic ia l
.r e la tio n s b e tw e e no u r tw o c o u n tr ie sa n d
p e o p le s .
F r a te r n a lg r e e tin g s ,
Fidel C astro R uiz
Chairm an of the State C ouncil and
the C ouncil of M inisters of Cuba
R E P U B L IC O F S O U T H
K O R E A :
YourE x c e lle n c y , please accept m y
sincere greetings on
th e
occasion of
y o u r e le c tio n a s th e fir s t P r e s id e n t o f
U kraine.
I a m c o n fid e n t th a tu n d e r y o u r w is e
le a d e r s h ip
U kraine w ill flourish
a n d
th a t th e c o o p e r a tio n b e tw e e n th e R e ­

p u b lic o f S o u th K orea a n dU k r a in e w ill c o n tin u e to d e v e lo p in th e in te r e s ts o f o u r n a tio n s .

Ro M yon Hon
E x tr a o r d in a r y a n d p le n ip o t e n t ia r y
R e p r e s e n ta tiv e o f th e R e p u b lic
o f S o u th K o rea
A R M E N IA :
. . . Ia m

g la dth a t U k r a in e has, in y o u r persona sp r e s i d e n t , a far-sigh ted le a d ­ e r , c a p a b le o f m e d ia tin gv a r i o u s s o c ia l a n d n a tio n a lin te r e s ts .

I a m c e r ta in th a t th e e p o c h a lr e b ir th
o f
U k r a in ia n
s ta te
in d e p e n d e n c e
w ill
have global s ig n ific a n c e . M oreover, it
w ill serve
to fu rth er
c lo s e
r e la tio n s
b e tw e e n o u r tw o c o u n tr ie s .
R e s p e c tfu llyy o u r s ,
L .T er-P etro sia n
P r e s id e n t o f A r m e n ia
L IT H U A N IA :
I rejoice in
U k r a in e 'sin d e p e n d e n c e

a n dc o n g r a tu la te y o u o n y o u r e le c tio n to s u c h ar e s p o n s i b l e ,h ig h p o s itio n . I w ishy o u a ll th e b e s t.

D ip lo m a tic
r e la tio n s
b e tw e e n
o u r
c o u n tr ie s
w ill
b e
form alized
(a s
s o o n a s p o s s ib le ) in o r d e r to e s ta b lis h
th e b a s is fo rth ed e v e lo p m e n t o f m u tu a l
c o o p e r a tio n .

I w o u ld lik e to u s e th is o c c a s io n to e x te n da n in v ita tio n to y o u to v is it th e R e p u b lic o fL ith u a n ia a t y o u r c o n v e ­ n ie n c e .

V ytautas Landsbergis
Chairm an of the Suprem e Council
o f th e R e p u b lic o f L ith u a n ia
(C o n tin u e d o n p a g e 3 )
N e w s b rie fs
fro m
U k ra in e
Ф
B R E S T , B e la ru s
-
U k ra in ia n
P re s id e n t
L e o n id
K ravchuk,

R u ssian P re s id e n t B o ris Y e lts in a n d B e ia ru s ia n Suprem e

S o v ie t
C h a irm a n

S ta n is la v Shushkevich m et here for tw o days, on D ecem ber 7-8, after

w h ic h
it was an­

n o u n c e d th a t th e y h a d a g re e d to fo rm a C o m m o n w e a lth o f In d e p e n d e n t S ta te s . T h is c o m m o n w e a lth w o u ld in c lu d e th e th re e

p a rtic ip a to ry
re p u b lic s
a n d
b e
o p e n
t o
a ll
re p u b lic s
o f
th e
fo rm er
U SSR
a n d
a ll
s ta te s
th a t
s h a re
th e
c o m m o n w e a lth 's
g o a ls a n d

p rin c ip le s . A s fo u n d in g m e m b e rs o f th e U S S R a n d s ig n a to rie s o f th e1 9 2 2

U n io n tre a ty , th e th re e re p u b lic s d e c la re d th e e n d o f th e U SSR "as a subject of international law a n d a g e o p o litic a l re a lity ."

The new
c o m m o n w e a lth

w ill try to c o o r d in a te fo re ig n p o lic y , d e v e lo p m e n t of a com m on econom ic space, custom s a n d

m ig ra tio n
policies, transport and
c o m m u n ic a tio n s ,
e c o lo g y
a n d
crim e
fig h tin g .
Its m em bers also
p le d g e d
t o
take m easures to reduce defense spend­
in g , e lim in a te
n u c le a r
w eapons
a n d
w o rk to w ard
n e u tra lity .
T he
n e w
c o m m o n w e a lth 's
c o o rd i­
n a te d e c o n o m ic p o lic y w a s re p o rte d b y
T A S S

o n D e c e m b e r 8 . It in c lu d e s th e m a in te n a n c e a n d d e v e lo p m e n t o f e x is in g

e c o n o m ic
tie s
b e tw e e n
th e
th re e
s ta te s ,th e c re a tio n
of m arket m echa­
nism s,
th e
"transform ation"
o f
p ro ­
p e rty re la tio n s , th e re te n tio n o f th e ru b le
a s
a
b a s is
fo r
e c o n o m ic
re la tio n s
(th o u g h
still in tro d u c in g n a tio n a l c u r­
re n c ie s
w ith
m u tu a l
s a fe g u a rd s ),
th e
p re s e rv a tio n
of a unified
e c o n o m ic
space and
a
pledge to agree on
1 9 9 2
d e fe n s e e x p e n d itu r e w ith in te n d a y s .
M insk
w as
c h o s e n
a s
th e
c o o rd i­
n a tin g
c e n te r
fo r
th e
n e w
com m on­
w e a lth .
T he
a c tiv itie s
o f
th e
fo rm er
U SSR organs are declared n u ll and void
in those states
7
w h ic h
signed the com ­
m o n w e a lth a g re e m e n t.
M r.
K ravchuk
s tre s s e d
a t
a
p re s s
c o n f e r e n c e
th a t th e
c o m m o n w e a lth
agreem ent guaranteed

th e ju ris d ic tio n o f in d e p e n d e n t s ta te s e x c e p t fo r a few areas w here joint control w as necessary, s u c h

a s
w eapons
c o n tro l.
C ritic s
wanted to know

why he had not con­ su lte d th e P a rlia m e n t firs t, o r th o u g h t h e

h a d
b e tra y e d
th e
in d e p e n d e n c e o f
U k ra in e . O th e r
p e o p le
w e lc o m e d
th e
id e a
o f
a
c o m m u n ity
sim ilar
t o
th e
European model.
(C o n tin u e d o n p a g e 3 )
U k ra in e
r a tifie s ...
(C o n tin u e d fr o m
page 1)
a g re e o n a c o lle c tiv e c o m m a n d b e c a u s e
th is is a n issu e o f g lo b a l c h a ra c te r."
"T he
u n io n
h a s
d is in te g ra te d
a n d
people are concerned abouth o w
w e w ill
liv e n o w . I b e lie v e th a t th is a g re e m e n t
d o e s
n o t
lim it
o u r
s o v e re ig n ty
b y
a
s in g le s e n te n c e . T h e
u n io n
n o

lo n g e r e x is ts a n d e v e ry s ta te o fth e w o rld m u s t n o w

d e a l
d ire c tly
w ith
U k ra in e
a n d
B e la ru s
a n d
K azakhstan
a n d

o th e rs . I th in k th isi s a s ig n a l, n o t o n lya s ig n a l, but a fact," said

th e p re s id e n t.
" T h is is n o t an e w
s ta te ," said D m y tro
P a v ly c h k o , c h a irm a n
o f
P a rlia m e n t's
fo re ig n

affairs com m ission, on D ecem ­ b e r 9 . " T h is is c re a te d o n th e m o d e l o f th e E u ro p e a n

C o m m u n ity . T h e a g re e ­ m ent has no legal status as a subject of in te rn a tio n a l la w a n d it c e rta in ly is n o t e te r n a l. T h is is all a tra n s itio n a l m o m e n t. I n

th e fu tu re
w e' like to join
th e E u ­
ro p e a n C o m m u n ity
and the European
c o m m o n h o m e ," h e s a id .

" R ig h t n o w w e h a v e n o o th e r c h o ic e . T h is a g re e m e n t w ill se rv e a s a b rid g e to c ro s s

th e
a b y s s
-
t o
a v o id
m ilitary
c o n flic t, e s p e c ia lly a fte r th e a lle g a tio n s
b y
(L e n in g ra d
M ayor
A n a to ly ) S o b -
c h a k .
T h is
is o u r a b s o lu te
g u a ra n te e
that we are peacefully
m o v in g to w a rd
dem ocracy," said M r. Pavlychko.
U k ra in ia n W e e U i
F O U N D E D
1 9 3 3
A n
E n g lis h - la n g u a g e
U k r a in ia n
n e w s p a p e r
p u b lis h e d
b y
th e
U k r a in ia n
N a tio n a l
A s s o c ia tio n
In c ., a n o n - p r o fit a s s o c ia tio n , a t 3 0 M o n tg o m e ry S t., J e rs e y C ity , N J
0 7 3 0 2 .
S e c o n d -c la s s p o s ta g e p a id a t J e rs e y C ity , N J . 0 7 3 0 2 .
(IS S N -
0 2 7 3 -9 3 4 8 )
Y e a rly s u b s c rip tio n ra te : J 2 0 ; fo r U N A m e m b e rs -
S 1 0 .
A ls o p u b lis h e d b y th e U N A : S v o b o d a , a U k ra in ia n -la n g u a g e d a ily n e w s p a p e r.
T h e W e e k ly a n d S v o b o d a :
(2 0 1 ) 4 3 4 - 0 2 o /, -0 8 0 7 , -3 0 3 6
U N A :
(2 0 1 ) 4 5 1 -2 2 0 0
P o s tm a s te r, s e n d a d d re s s
changes to:
T h e U k r a in ia n W e e k ly
P .O . B o x3 4 6
J e rs e y C ity , N J . 0 7 3 0 3
E d ito r-in -c h ie f:
Rom a Hadzew ycz
A s s o c ia te e d ito r s : M a r ta K o lo m a y e ts
C h ry s ty n a L a p y c h a k (K ie v )
A s s is ta n t e d it o r
K h r is tin a L e w
T h e U k r a in ia n W e e k ly , D e c e m b e r 1 5 ,1 9 9 1 , N o . 5 0 , V o l. L IX
C o p y rig h t 1 9 9 1
by The
U k r a in ia n
W e e k ly
N o .5 0
T H E U K R A IN IA N W E E K L Y
S U N D A Y ,D EC EM B ER
1 5 ,1 9 9 1
3
Ш
І 1І І І І І І І І І І І І І 1 1І І І І І І І І І І І 1 І 1І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І 1І І І І І 1І І І І І І І І 1 І І 1 І І І 1 І 1І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І 1 І 1І І І І І І І І І І І 1 1І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І Ш
1І І І І І І І І І І І І І І І 1 І 1І І І І І 1І І І І І
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Y o u thp o litic s in U k r a in e :
th e p o litic ia n , th e in te lle c tu a l a n d th e
re fo rm e r
fe y O k s a n a
Z a k y d a ls k y
T O R O N T O
-
W hen one says "youth
m o v e m e n t"
i n
N o rth
A m erica,
th e
1 9 6 0 's s p r i n g t o m i n d . S o c i e t y w a s t h e n
i n
tra n s itio n ,
y o u n g
p e o p le , th e
b a b y
b o o m
g e n e ra tio n ,
f e lt
i t s
s tre n g th
a n d
b e g a n
q u e s tio n in g th e v a lu e s o f s o c ie ty .
T he
V ie tn a m
W ar served
as a
c a ta ly s t,
a n d
y o u n g
p e o p le
c r e a te d
a
m ovem ent
w h ic h d e m a n d e d
a say in the running of
s o c ie ty .
A
s itu a tio n
n o t
d issim iliar
e x is ts
i n
U k ra in e
to d a y .
T he
s o c ie ty
i s

u n d e r s tr e s s , its fo rm e r v a lu e s d is c re d ite d . It is a ls o

a
s o c ie ty
w h ic h ,
u n til
1987, was
s h a c k le d
b y fe a r. Y o u n g p e o p le
becam e
the social class w hich found
it easiest to
c r o s s
th a t
b a rrie r
of fear and
b e g a n
t o
fo rm ,
c o n s c io u s ly
o r
u n c o n s c io u s ly ,
c o n c e p ts
o f a c iv il s o c ie ty .
They had to start from
th e b e g in n in g .
T he
d o m in a n c e
o f
th e
C o m m u n is t
P a rty
a n d
i t s
p a rtn e r,
th e
K om som ol,
h a d
p r e v e n te d
th e
d e v e lo p m e n t
o f
th e
in s titu tio n s
o f
a
c iv il
s o c ie ty .
T he
K om som ol
w as
th e
o n ly
lin k

b e tw e e n th e g o v e rn m e n t, y o u th issu e s a n d y o u n g people. T he K om som ol had the funds; it w as

a b le
t o
d o
m any
th in g s
b u ild
b u ild in g s ,
s ta g e
c o n c e r ts ,
ru n
r e s o r t s ,
o rg a n iz e
l e i s u r e
a c tiv itie s .
I t
h a d
th e
s u p p o r t
o f
th e
s y s te m
a n d
th ro u g h
i t ,
y o u n g
p e o p le
c o u ld
g r a b
th e ir
s h a r e .
T h e y
c o u ld
g e t
p r iz e s ,
s c h o la r s h ip s ,
e x p e n s e
accounts, travel grants.
T h e re w e re n o a lte rn a tiv e s y o u c o u ld
w ork
th ro u g h
if
y o u
w a n te d
t o
d o
s o m e th in g , to
b e a c tiv e . If y o u
w a n te d
to organize a m usical group and stage a
c o n c e rt,
i t
h a d
t o
b e
d o n e
th ro u g h
th e
K om som ol.
If y o u
w a n te d
t o
s t a r t
up a business -
th is b e c a m e p o s s ib le in
1 9 8 5
-
i t
c o u ld
b e
d o n e
u n d e r
th e
s p o n s o r s h ip
of the
K om som ol.
Ih o r
D erk ach
B ut
i t
w as
a l s o
th e
o ffic ia l
s ta te
structure w ith a single aim —
to prepare
p e o p le
t o
a c c e p t
th e
re a litie s
o f
th e
s o c ie ty ,
n o t
t o
q u e s tio n
w hat
w as
h a p p e n in g
a r o u n d
th e m ,
t o
a c c e p t
th in g s a s th e y
e x is te d .
T he
b e g in n in g s
o f
th e
y o u th
m ove­
m ent
i n
U k ra in e
a re
w e ll k n o w n .
T he
first o rg a n iz e d
g ro u p s , th e C u ltu ro lo g i-
c a l S o c ie ty
i n
K ie v
a n d
L ev
S o c ie ty
i n
L v iv ,
w h ic h
a p p e a r e d
i n
1 9 8 7 ,
w ere
c u ltu ra l
i n
th e ir
aim s.
A
y e a r
la te r
p o litic a l
o rg a n iz a tio n s
s u c h
a s
SN U M
(S p ilk a
N ezaleshnoi
U krainskoyi
M o-
lo d i)
a n d
th e
s t u d e n t
a s s o c ia tio n s
a p p e a r e d
a n d
s o o n
a fte r,
s c o u tin g
o rg a n iz a tio n s
s u c h
a s
P la s t,
S p a d -
s h c h y n a
a n d
S ic h .
T he
y o u th
m ovem ent
to d a y
h a s
d e v e lo p e d
s e v e r a l
a s p e c ts .
T he

m ost visible and best know n in the W est is the p o litic a l o n e -

to ta l c o m m itm e n t to th e
O leksander
K ryvenko
establishm ent of an
in d e p e n d e n t
s o v e r ­
e ig n
U k ra in ia n
s ta te
a n d
a
b e lie f
th a t
n o th in g
w orthw hile can
be done
u n le s s
r e a l
in d e p e n d e n c e
is
a c h ie v e d .
U n til
th a t tim e , a ll o th e r c o n c e rn s s h o u ld
b e
put on
th e
b a c k
b u rn e r.
T h is
te n d e n c y
draw s
h e a v ily
o n
th e
nationalist tradition in w estern
U k ra in e
a n d
i t s
le a d e r a n d
best known
s p o k e s ­
m an
is p e o p l e 's d e p u t y I h o r D e r k a c h
o f
L v iv , 2 6
y e a r s
o ld .
H e
w as
o n e
of the
fo u n d e rs
a n d
f ir s t
p r e s id e n t
o f
SN U M
a n d
w as
i n
c h a r g e
o f
o rg a n iz in g
th e
S e c o n d
W o rld C o n fe re n c e of U k ra in ia n
Y o u th
O rg a n iz a tio n s ,
h e ld
i n
K ie v
A u g u s t 3 -4
of this
y e a r .
T h e r e
w ere
4 4
y o u th
o rg a n iz a tio n s
re g is te re d
a t
th e
c o n f e r e n c e
(fiv e
o f
th e m
fro m
th e W e s t) a n d , a lth o u g h
th e
r a n g e
o f
th e ir
in te re s ts
w as very
w id e ,
th e
la r g e s t
num ber
o f re s o lu tio n s
c o n ­
c e r n e d
p o litic a l
m atters
w ith
" in d e -
O leksander
S h la p a k
pendent" and
"an ti-im p erialist"
th e
m o s t fre q u e n tly
u s e d
w ords.
T he
m ain
th e m e
o f
th e
c o n f e r e n c e
w as
d e v e lo p e d
b y
2 7 -y e a r o ld
p e o p le 's
d e p u ty
T aras
S te c k iv
i n
h is
k e y n o te
a d d r e s s
"T he
P o litic a l
S itu a tio n
i n
U k ra in e ." H e
s a id
th a t
th e
c o n f e r e n c e
" s h o u ld
d e v e lo p
o p tim u m
a n d
m ost
c o n v e n ie n t fo rm s
of how
y o u th
o rg a n i­
z a tio n s c o u ld
in flu e n c e
th e p o litic a l life
o f
U k ra in e ,
p in p o in t
th e ir
ro le
a n d
p la c e in th e b u ild in g o f a n
in d e p e n d e n t
U k ra in ia n
s ta te ."
T he
p o litic a l
th e m e
w as
e c h o e d
i n
th e
o p e n in g
rem arks
o f
M r . D e r k a c h a s w e ll a s R o m a n Z v a r y c h
(of the
U n ite d
S tates), w ho
e x p o u n d e d
o n
h is w e ll k n o w n
"E ith er/O r"
th e m e .
M r.
D erkach
m a in ta in s
stro n g
lin k s
w ith
th e
d ia s p o r a
n a tio n a lis t
o r g a n iz a ­
tio n s
-
SN U M
a n d
SU M
(fro m
th e
W est)
h a v e
c r e a t e d
a
jo in t
SN U M -
SU M
coalition. H e held on to his role as
(C o n tin u e d
on page 11)
^
^
W o rld
le a d e rs ...
(C o n tin u e d
fr o m
p a g e2 )
K IR G H IZ IA :
...F o r
u s
y o u r
e le c tio n
s ig n ifie s
th e
a tta in m e n t
o f
a
n e w
le v e l
o f
in te r s ta te
r e la tio n s ,
fo u n d e d
o n
tr u e
fr ie n d s h ip ,
fu ll
e q u a lity
a n d
m u tu a lly
b e n e fic ia l
c o o p e r a tio n .
T h r o u g h o u t
o u r
com m on
h is to r y ,
o u r
n a tio n s
h a v e
b e e n
a fflic te d
w ith
g r e a t
s u ffe r in g
a n d
m isfo rtu n e
th e y
d e s e r v e
a b e tte r fa te .
la m
c o n fid e n t
th a t
fy o u
w ill
d o
y o u r
u tm o s t
t o
w ork
to ­
w ards
th is
n o b le
g o a l.
...T h r o u g h o u t
h is to r y ,
U kraine
h a s
b e e n
th e
sym bol
o f
th e
ir r e p r e s s ib le
a s p ir a tio n
fo r
in d e p e n d e n c e
a n d
fr e e ­
dom .
I
a m
c o n fid e n t
th a t
th e
n e w
U k r a in ia n
s ta te
w ill p r o c e e d
o n th e
r o a d
of sovereignty
a n d
in d e p e n d e n c e ...
M .
S h e rin k u lo v
C h a irm a n
of the Suprem e
C o u n c il
o fth e R e p u b lic
o f
K irg h iz ia
PERM ANENT
M IS S IO N
O F
U -
K R A IN E
T O
TH E
U N IT E D
N A ­
T IO N S :
T h e
m em bers
o f
U k r a in e 's
P erm a­
n e n t
M ission
t o
th e
U n ite d
N a tio n s
e x te n d
th e ir
c o n g r a tu la tio n s
o n
th e
o c c a s io n
o f
y o u r
e le c tio n
a s
th e
fir s t
p r e s id e n t
of an
in d e p e n d e n t
U k r a in ia n
s ta te .
W e also
r e jo ic e
i n
th e fa c t
th a t
y o u r
e le c tio n
c o in c id e d
w ith
the historic
v o te
o f
th e
U k r a in ia n
n a tio n
fo r
in d e p e n d ­
e n c e .
I t
is w ith
p le a s u r e
th a t
w e
n o te
th a t
th e
m em ber-countries
o f
th e
U n ite d
N a tio n s ,
a lm o s t
u n a n im o u s ly ,
h a v e
jo in e d
in e x te n d in g
th e ir
g r e e tin g s
a n d
v ie w
a n
in d e p e n d e n t,
d e m o c r a tic
U -
k r a in e
a s a n im p o r t a n t fa c t o r fo r
e c o n o ­
m ic ,
p o litic a l
a n d
m ilita ry-stra teg ic
s ta b ility
w o r ld w id e .G ennadi
U dovenko
U k ra in e 's
A m bassador
t o
th e
U .N .
C a m p a ig n ...
P a rlia m e n t...
(C o n tin u e d
fro m
p a g e
1 )
P rim e
M in ister
N ik o la i
R yzhkov,
fo rm er
K G B
c h ie f
V ik to r
C hebry-
k o v , S o v ie t a d v is e r Y e g o r
L ig a c h e v ,
fo rm er
D efense
M in ister
D im itri
Y azov.
A lso
o n
th e
list w ere
a c a d e ­
m ic ia n s
B o ris
S h c h e r b y n a ,
th e
fo r­
m er chairm an
o f th e S o v ie t c o m m is ­
s io n
o n
C h o rn o b y l, Y u riy Iz ra e l, th e
fo rm er
c h a irm a n
of the
U SSR
s ta te
in s titu te
o n
h y d ro m e te o ro lo g y
a n d
e n v iro n m e n ta l
c o n tro l,
a n d
L e o n id
Illy n in
o f
th e
A cadem y
o f
M e d ic a l
sciences of the
U SSR .
L e a d in g
th e
U k ra in ia n
l i s t
w ere
th e
la te
fo rm er
p a rty
c h ie f
V o lo -
dym yr
S h c h e r b y ts k y ,
fo rm er
P rim e
M in ister
O leksander
L y a s h k o ,
fo r-
mei Parliam ent chairperson
V a le n tv n a
S h e v c h e n k c ,
form er D eputy
P rim e
M in is te r a n d C h o r n o b y i c o m m is s io n
c h a irm a n
V .
K achalovsky,
fo rm er
h e a lth m in is te r A n a to ly
R om anenko,
K iev O blast party first secretary
G ri-
g o ry
R evenko
a n d
1 .
L ik h ta ry o v ,
fo rm erly
o f th e C e n te r fo r R a d io lo g i­
cal M edicine, am ong
o th e r s .
"O ur
com m ission
h a s
ta k e n
i t s
f i r s t
s te p
c lo s e r
t o
th e
tru th
a b o u t
C h o rn o b y l.
This was a
crim e
of the
C o m m u n is t
P a rty
system . This
w as
tru ly
a
d iv e rs io n ,
a
lie e x e c u t e d
b y
th e
C P S U
a n d
C PU
fo r
p e r s o n a l
a m b itio n s , s u p p o rte d
by the yesm en
fro m
th e
p ro v in c e s ."
" W e a re n o t d o in g th is fo r th e s a k e
o f
r e v e n g e ,"
s a id
M r.
Y avorivsky,
" b u t fo r
th e triu m p h
of justice. T his
w ill
b e
o u r
f ir s t
f i r m
s te p
to w ard
s ta te h o o d , o u r
f ir s t
c le a n s in g ."
(C o n tin u e d
fr o m
page 1)
C u n n in g h a m ,
W illiam
D annem eyc
R o n a ld
V . D e llu m s ^ ,
R obert
K .

D or- n a n , E lto n G a lle g ly , D u n c a n L . H u n te r , T om

L a n to s , M e l L e v in e , M a tth e w
G .
M a rtin e z ,
C arlo s
J .
M oorhead,
D ana
R ohrabacher; C o lo r a d o : D an
S c h a e f e r ;
C o n n e c tic u t:
R osa
D eL auro,
B a rb a ra
B .
K e n n e lly ,
C h ris to p h e r
S h a y s ;
F lo ­
r id a :
D o u g la s
P e t e r s o n ,
C .W .
B ill
Y oung; I llin o is : Frank
A n n u n z io ,
H ar­
ris W . F a w e ll, H e n ry J . H y d e " , W illia m
O .
L ip in s k i,
J o h n
E dw ard
P o rte r;
I n d ia n a : D an
B u rto n , A n d re w
J a c o b s ;
K ansas:Jam es
S la tte ry ;
L o u is ia n a :
W illiam
J. Jefferson;M a r y la n d : Benja­
m in
L. Cardin, Constance
A .
M orella;
M assachusetts: B ria n D o n n e lly , B a rn e y
Frank, N icholas M avroules, R ichard
E .
N e a l;
M ic h ig a n :
D a v id
E .
B o n io r,
W illiam
S .
B ro o m fie ld ,
D ave
C am p,
J o h n
C onyers,
J r . ,
J o h n
D .
D in g e ll,
W illiam
D .
F o rd ,
D e n n is
M .
H e rte l,
D a le
E . K ild e e , S a n d e r M . L e v in , C a r l
D .
P u r s e l i ,
R obert
T ra x le r^ ;
M in n e ­
so ta : C o llin
C . Peterson, Jim
R am stad,
V in
W eber;
M o n ta n a :R on
M arlenee;
N ew
H am pshire:
B illZ e liff; N e w
J e r ­
sey: B ernard
J. D w yer, D ean
A . G a llo ,
F r a n k
J .
G u a rin i,
W illiam
J .
H ughes,
F r a n k
P a llo n e ,
M a tth e w
J .
R in a ld o ,
R obert
A . R o e , C h ris to p h e r
H . S m ith ;
N ew
M e x ic o :
W illiam
R ichardson;
N ew
Y o rk :B e n ja m in
A . G ilm a n ,
W il­
lia m
G reen,
F r a n k
H o rto n ,
A m ory
H oughton, Jr., John
L . L a F a lc e ,
R ay­
m ond
J .
M c G ra th ,
M a tth e w
F .
M c-
H ugh,
M ic h a e l
R .
M c N u lty ,
H enry
J .
N ow ak,
W illiam
P a x o n ,
L o u is e
M .
S la u g h te r,
G erald
B . S o lo m o n ,
Jam es
T .
W alsh;
O h io : D o u g la s
A ppJegate^,
D e n n is
E . E c k a rt, E d w a rd
F . F e ig h a n ,
M ary
Rose O aker, Jam es A. Traficant;
P e n n s y lv a n ia :
W illia m . J.. C o y n e , T h o ­
m as
M .
F o g lie tta ^ ,
J o s e p h

K o lter, Peter H . K ostm ayer, A ustin J. M urphy, J o h n

P .
M u rth a ,
D on
R itte r,
R ic h a rd
S a n to ru m ;
R h o d e
Isla n d :
R o n a ld
K .
M a c h tle y ;
S o u th
C a r o lin a :
F lo y d
S p e n c e ^ ;
S o u th
D a k o ta :
T im
J o h n ­
so n
5
" ;
T e n n e s s e e :
Jam es
H .
Q u ille n ;
V ir g in ia :F r a n k
R .W olf;W est V irginia:
N ic k
Jo e
R a n a ld .
N e w s b rie fs ...
(C o n tin u e d
fr o m
page 2)
M e a n w h ile ,
C h a irm a n
S h u s h k e v ic h
w as
fie ld in g
q u e s tio n s
i n
B elarus.
H e
re je c te d
th e
id e a
th a t
th e
com m on­
w e a lth
is " p u r e l y
S la v ic " a n d
s a id
th a t
o th e r
re p u b lic s
a n d
s ta te s
a re
f r e e
t o
jo in .
H e
s a id
th a t
th e
c o m m o n w e a lth
agreem ent
p ro v id e d
fo r
u n ifie d
arm ed
f o r c e s ,
a
s ta te m e n t
M r.
K ravchuk
re je c te d
at his press conference in K iev.
(R F E /R L
D a ily
R e p o rt)
^
K IE V
D u rin g
a
m e e tin g
o n
S a tu rd a y ,
D ecem ber
7
w ith
U .S .
U n­
d e r s e c r e ta r y
o f
S ta te
T hom as
N ile s,
w ho
a rriv e d
i n
K ie v
la s t
w eek
a s
a
re p re s e n ta tiv e
o f
P r e s i d e n t
G eorge
B ush,
U k ra in ia n
P r e s i d e n t
L e o n id
K ravchuk
said that a U krainian
d e le g a ­
tio n
was taking a package of im portant
p r o p o s a ls
t o
M in s k ,
re p o rte d
U k rin -
fo rm .
M r. Kravchuk
n o te d
t h a t U k r a i n e is
a tta c h in g
s p e c ia l
s ig n ific a n c e
t o
re la ­
tio n s
w ith R u ssia
a n d
su p p o rts
B o ris
Y elstin 's
in itia tiv e
o n
s ig n in g
a n
in te r­
s ta te
tre a ty .
M r.
K ravchuk
n o te d
th a t
U k ra in e
was prepared
to sign a sim ilar
tre a ty
w ith
B elarus.
I n
th is
way, a
com m um ".
r "
; - e s ,
lik e th e
E u r o p e a n
C o m m c rv w ith o u t
a n y c e n te r a s fo rm e rly
u n c e r s h ^ c
^ a y
em erge,.

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