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u b iis h e d
b y th e U k r a in ia n
N a tio n a l A s s o c ia tio n
In c .. a fra te rn a l n o n -p ro fit a s s o c ittio ri
rainian W eekly
V ol.
L V II
N o .
4 0
TH E
U K R A IN IA N
W EEKLY
SUNDAY, OCTOBER
1, 1989
5 0
c e n ts
N e w firs t s e c re ta ry fo r U k ra in e :
S h c h e r b y ts k y 's o u t, Iv a s h k o 's in
H o rb a ls w e lc o m e d
i n
N ew
Y o rk
V o ic eo f R u k h ,U H U
a rriv e s w ith w ife fo r fa m ily v is it
K IE V
-
V o lo d y m y r

A n to n o v y c h Ivashko w as nam ed first secretary of the Com m unist Party of U kraine on Thurs\ue000 d a y ,

S e p te m b e r
2 8 ,
re p la c in g
th e
7 1 -
y e a r-o ld
B re z h n e v h o ld o v e r V o lo d y m y r
S h c h e r b y t s k y ,
w ho
l a s t
w eek
w as
o u s t e d
fro m
th e
U SSR
P o litb u ro ,
re p o rte d
R euters.
A lth o u g h
d e ta ils
a s
t o
th e
p r o c e e d \ue000
in g s o f th e
U k ra in ia n
P o litb u ro
s e s s io n
w ere
u n a v a ila b le
a t
p r e s s
tim e,
i t
i s
know n
th a t
S o v ie t
P r e s id e n t
M ik h a il
G orbachev
to o k
p a r t
i n
th e
s e s s io n ,
fly in g
i n
fro m
M oscow
o n
T h u r s d a y
m orning, Septem ber 28. A t this session,
w h ic h
th e
p r e s s
h a d
re p o rte d
a s
s c h e \ue000
d u le d
for Saturday, Septem ber 30, M r.
S h c h e r b y ts k y
r e q u e s te d
t o
b e
r e t i r e d
d u e
t o
h e a lth
reasons, and
h is
num ber
tw o
m an,
M r. Iv a sh k o
was nam ed
th e
n e w
U k ra in ia n
C o m m u n is t
P a rty
le a d e r.
M r.
Ivashko, 57, w as nam ed
s e c o n d
p a rty
s e c r e ta r y
i n
U k ra in e
o n
D ecem \ue000
b e r
1 2 ,
1988, replacing

O leksander T y ta r e n k o , a m o v e th a t w a s a t th e tim e c o n s id e r e d

th e
m o s t s ig n ific a n t

c h a n g e in th e U k ra in ia n p a rty h ie ra rc h y to h a v e o c c u r r e d

d u rin g
th e
G orbachev
e r a .
M r.
I v a s h k o ,
w ho
is
o f
U k ra in ia n
p a r e n ta g e ,
h a s
b e e n
a
m em ber
o f
th e
C o m m u n is t
P a rty
s in c e
1960. H e
is a
g ra d u a te
of the
K h a rk iv
M in in g
I n s t i \ue000
tu te
a n d
h o ld s a d e g re e o f c a n d id a te
o f
econom ics.
W hile
a t
th e
m in in g
in s ti\ue000
tu te ,h e
w a s e le c te d
its party
s e c r e ta r y
a n d
th is
a p p o in tm e n t
m arked
th e
b e \ue000
g in n in g
o f
h is
r i s e
th ro u g h
th e
p a rty
r a n k s .
F o r
fiv e y e a r s h e
h e a d e d
th e
s c ie n c e
s e c tio n
o f
th is
sam e
in s titu te
a n d
fo r
e ig h t
y e a r s
h e
w as
a
s e c r e ta r y
o f
th e
K h a rk iv
o b la s t c o m m itte e
of the
p a rty .
I n

1986, he w as appointed a secretary of th e C e n tra l C o m m itte e a n d a c a n d id a te m em ber

of the
P o litb u ro
o f
th e
C om \ue000
m u n is t
P a rty
o f
U k ra in e .
I n
1987, M r. Ivashko
was nam ed
th e
f i r s t
s e c r e ta r y
o f
th e

D n ip ro p e tro v s k e O b la s t p a rty c o m m itte e , o n e o f th e m o s t im p o rta n t

p o s itio n s
i n
U k ra in e ,
a n d
o n e
th a t
h is
fo rm er
boss, M r.
S h c h e r \ue000
b y ts k y
h e ld
b e fo re
him .
In J a n u a r y
1988, he w as prom oted
t o
a
fu ll
m em ber
o f
th e
U k ra in ia n
P o lit\ue000
b u ro .
I n
M arch
o f
1986, he
becam e
a
c a n d id a te
m em ber of the C entral C om \ue000
m ittee
o f
th e
C o m m u n is t
P a rty
of the
S o v ie t
U n io n
a n d
is currently a
d e p u ty
of the
Suprem e
S o v ie t.
M r.
I v a s h k o
h a s
a ls o
s e r v e d
a s
th e
c h a irm a n
of the C o m m issio n
for Q ues\ue000
tio n s o f O rg a n iz a tio n a l P a rty a n d C a d re
(C o n tin u e d
o n
p a g e
4 )
S o v ie t P a r lia m e n t
to c o n s id e r
le g a liz in g
U k r a in ia n
C h u rc h
M OSCOW
-
T h e S o v ie t P a rlia m e n t
w ill
c o n s id e r
le g a liz in g
th e
U k ra in ia n
C a th o lic
C hurch
in a b ill o n f r e e d o m
o f
c o n s c ie n c e
a n d
re lig io n , S o v ie t
d e p u ty
F y o d o r
B u rla ts k y
to ld
a
p r e s s
b rie fin g
h e r e
o n
W ednesday, September
2 7 .
T he
is s u e
o f
th e
U k ra in ia n

C a th o lic C h u r c h , th e la rg e s t b a n n e d C h u r c h w ith 5

m illio n
believers, w as discussed
a t
a
m e e tin g
of the
Suprem e
S o v ie t's
In te r\ue000
n a tio n a l
S u b c o m m itte e
o n
H u m a n ita \ue000
r i a n
M a tte rs , re p o rte d
A gence
F r a n c e
P r e s s e .
M r. Burlatsky, a
law yer, w ho
is also
th e
s u b c o m m itte e
c h a irm a n ,
re p o rte d
th a t th e le g a liz a tio n
w o u ld
com e
a b o u t
th ro u g h
ra tific a tio n
o f
a
f r e e d o m
o f
c o n s c i e n c e
a n d
re lig io n
b ill,
i n
th e
p r o c e s s
o f
b e in g
d ra fte d ,
a n d
w h ic h
w o u ld
n o t
b e
d is c u s s e d
b y
th e
P a rlia \ue000
m e n t b e fo re
n e x t
y e a r .
H o w e v e r, S o v ie t in s id e rs w h o
fo llo w
K re m lin
p o lic y
o n
re lig io n , w h ic h

h a s b e e n ra p id ly lib e ra liz e d u n d e r P re s id e n t M ik h a il

G orbachev
s a y
th e y
e x p e c t
som e
m o v e to w a rd s
th e
re c o g n itio n

o f th e U k ra in ia n C a th o lic C h u rc h a fte r th e S o v ie t le a d e r m e e ts th e P o p e J o h n

P a u l
II in
e a rly
N ovem ber.
T he
R u ssian
O rth o d o x
C hurch
s t i l l
o p p o s e s
th e
le g a liz a tio n
o f
th e
U k rai\ue000
n ia n
C a th o lic
C hurch
o n
''re lig io u s .
O Ih a S to k o te ln a a n d
M y k o la H o r b a l, u p o n th e ir a r r iv a l fr o m
th e S o v ie t U n io n a t
N ew
Y o r lc 's J F K
A ir p o r t.
social and
p o litic a P 'g ro u n d s ,a s
o n e
o f
i t s
re p re s e n ta tiv e s
m a d e c le a r w h e n
h e
a d d r e s s e d
W e d n e s d a y 's
s u b c o m m itte e
m e e tin g . O v e r th e p a s t y e a r, th e
U k rai\ue000
n ia n
C a th o lic
h ie ra rc h y
i n
w estern
U k ra in e
h a s
a p p e a le d
t o
th e
S o v ie t
governm ent
a n d
s c h e d u le d
m e e tin g s
w ith
to p
S o v ie t o ffic ia ls .
I n
M ay
1 9 8 9
Y u riy
K h ris to ra d n o v ,
th e n
n e w ly
a p p o in te d
c h a irm a n
o f th e C o u n c il fo r
R e lig io u s
A ffairs, and
p r e s e n te d
h im
w ith
a
p e titio n
of 35,000 signatures
fo r
th e le g a liz a tio n o f th e U k ra in ia n
C a th o \ue000
l i c
C hurch.
M r.
K h risto ra d n o v
th e n
to ld
th e H
d e le g a tio n
fro m
w estern
U k ra in e
th a t
j
th e p ro b le m
o f a c tiv e p e rs e c u tio n w o u ld
I
h a v e
t o
b e
r e s o lv e d
w ith
a u th o ritie s

in I U kraine and that the Russian O rthodox ^ C hurch

w as a roadblock
in th e le g a liz a \ue000
tio n
of the
U k ra in ia n
C a th o lic
C hurch.
R e lig io u s
le a d e rs
o f
th e
U k ra in ia n
C a th o lic
C hurch
h a v e
a c k n o w le d g e d
th a t th e R O C
is in d e e d a p ric k lie r th o r n
i n
th e ir
s id e
th a n
th e
S o v ie t
s ta te .
A m ong
th e
U C C 's
m ost
v o c a l
o p p o \ue000
n e n ts
i s
M e tro p o lita n
F ila re t
o f
K ie v
a n d
H a ly c h ,
th e
R u ssian
O rth o d o x
C h u r c h 's
to p -ra n k in g
h ie ra rc h
i n
U -
k ra in e .
H e h a s o iie n c ritic iz e d
l i i e
U k ra in ia n
(C o n tin u e d
o n
p a g e
6 )
b y
C hrystyna
N , Lapychak
N EW
Y O R K
-
U k ra in ia n
n a tio n a l
rig h ts a d v o c a te
M y k o la H o rb a l a n d
h is
w ife
O lh a
S to k o te ln a
o f
K ie v
w ere
re u n ite d
w ith
fam ily
m em bers
a fte r
a
10-year separation w hen they arrived in
N ew
Y ork
o n
S e p te m b e r
23 for a tw o-
m o n th
v is it.
A fter
a
fiv e -h o u r
d e la y
d u e
t o
w ea\ue000
th e r c o n d itio n s , P a n A m
flig h t
3 1
fro m
M oscow
la n d e d
a t
JF K
In te rn a tio n a l
A irp o rt
a t
7 :2 8
p .m .,
a s
fam ily
m em \ue000
b e r s ,frie n d s
a n d
w ell-w ish ers, b earin g
flo w ers
a n d
s e v e r a l
b lu e -a n d -y e llo w
U k ra in ia n
flags, w aited
im p a tie n tly
fo r
th e
c o u p le to
c le a r
C ustom s.
(C o n tin u e d
o n
page 4)
S e n a te a d o p ts L a u te n b e r g a m e n d m e n t
r e v e r s in g s ta n c eo n U k r a in ia n r e fu g e e s
W A S H IN G T O N
-
I n
a
s trik in g
r e v e r s a l
o f
th e
a c tio n
ta k e n
b y
th e
S e n a te
a n d
th e
H ouse
i n
J u ly ,
th e
S e n a te a d o p te d
th e L a u te n b e rg A m e n d \ue000
m ent
w h ic h
f a i l s
t o
l i s t
U k ra in ia n
C a th o lic s
a n d
O rth o d o x
a s
p e r s e c u te d
a n d ,
th e re fo re ,
e lig ib le
fo r
r e f u g e e
s ta tu s .
T h e c h a n g e in p o lic y to o k p la c e a fte r
1 1 :3 0
p .m . th e
n ig h t
o f
S e p te m b e r
2 0 ,
e x a c tly
tw o m o n th s to th e d a ^ f t e r
th e
S e n a te
a d o p te d
a
p re v io u s
L a u te n b e r g
am endm ent
w h ic h
s ta te d
th a t
S o v ie t
Jew s,
E v a n g e lic a l
C h ristian s,
U k rai\ue000
n ia n
C a th o lic s
a n d
U k ra in ia n
O rth o \ue000
dox, as well as certain
V ietnam ese, are
p e r s e c u te d .
W h ile th e
S e p te m b e r
20 am endm ent
s ta te s th a t S o v ie t J e w s a n d
E v a n g e lic a l
C h ris tia n s a s w e ll a s c e rta in
V ie tn a m e s e
h a v e
"w ell
e s ta b lis h e d
h is to rie s
o f
p e rs e c u tio n "
a n d ,
th e re fo re ,
s h a ll
b e
a d m itte d
t o
th e
U .S .
a s
r e f u g e e s ,
i t
om its m em bers of the U krainian
C a th o \ue000
lic a n d
U k ra in ia n
O rth o d o x
C hurches
i n
th e
U SSR .
T he
am endm ent
d o e s
s ta te
th a t
th e
a tto rn e y
g e n e r a l
"m ay
d e s ig n a te
o th e r
g r o u p s o r re fu g e e a p p lic a n ts " a s e lig ib le
fo r re fu g e e s ta tu s if h e c o n s id e rs th e m
a s
h a v in g
h is to rie s
o f
p e rs e c u tio n .
T he
am endm ent
s u g g e s ts
th a t
" S o v ie t
n a \ue000
tio n a ls w h o a re U k ra in ia n C a th o lic a n d
U k ra in ia n
O rth o d o x "
m ay
b e
c o n \ue000
s id e r e d .
T h e o rig in a l J u ly
20 am endm ent w as
a d d e d
to the
S ta te
D e p a rtm e n t
A u th o \ue000
riz a tio n
B ill, w h ic h
has since
b e e n
tie d
u p
in a d is p u te b e tw e e n
th e
House and
th e
Senate on other m atters. The recent
a m e n d m e n t,
S e n a te
A m endm ent
N o.
8 0 3 ,
w as
a d d e d
t o
th e
F o re ig n
A id
A p p ro p ria tio n s
B ill, H .R . 2 9 3 9 . It w a s
a d o p te d
b y v o ic e v o te .
H .R .
2 9 3 9
was subsequently
p a s s e d
b y
th e
S e n a te
o n
S e p te m b e r 2 6 ; it n o w
g o e s
t o
a
H ouse-Senate
c o n f e r e n c e
c o m m itte e .
S e n .
L a u te n b e r g 's
p r e s s
spokesm an,
S te v e n
S c h le in , to ld T h e W e e k ly th a t th e
s e n a to r
" to o k
th e
bill to
th e
flo o r
a n d
(C o n tin u e d
o n
page 4)
T H E U K R A IN IA N W E E K L Y
S U tJ D A Y , O C T O B E R1 ,1 9 8 9
N o .4 0
A
G L IM P S E O F S O V IE TR E A L IT Y
U k r a in ia n e c o lo g ic a l g ro u p
p u b lis h e s its d ra ft s ta tu te
b y
D r . D a v id
M a r p le s
T he
U k ra in ia n e c o lo g ic a l a s s o c ia tio n
2 fe le n y i
S v it
(G reen
W o rld )
h a s
p u b \u00ad
lis h e d
i t s
d ra ft
s ta tu te
i n
th e
K ie v
new spaper
R adianska
U k ra in a .
T he
^d ra ft
w as
o rig in a lly
fo rm u la te d
a t
a
m e e tin g
o f
th e
a s s o c ia tio n
w h ic h
to o k
p la c e o n A p ril 2 6 . T h e e d ito ria l b o a r d o f
R adianska
U k ra in a
c o m m e n ts th a t it is
n o w
b e in g
p u b lis h e d
i n
o r d e r
th a t
r e a d e r s
m ay
s u g g e s t
a d d itio n s
a n d
a m e n d m e n ts b e fo re th e first c o n g re s s o f
Z e le n y i S v it, w h ic h
is s c h e d u l e d
to take
p la c e
th is
f a l l .
T he
a s s o c ia tio n
i s
d e s c r ib e d
a s
th e
re p u b lic 's
m ost
in flu e n tia l
e c o lo g ic a l
o rg a n iz a tio n ,
a n d
o n e
th a t
p la y e d
a
m a jo r
ro le
i n
th e
s to p p a g e
of w ork
o n
th e
c o n tro v e rs ia l
D anube-D nieper
C anal last year. M oreover, the
p u b lic a \u00ad
tio n
o f th e s ta tu te c o m e s a t a tim e w h e n |
U k ra in e 's
e c o lo g ic a l
p ro b le m s
m ay
b e
re a c h in g
a crisis
le v e l.
Z e le n y i'S v it w a s fo u n d e d
in late
1 9 8 7
a s
th e
c o o rd in a to r
o f
a c tiv itie s
o f
v a rio u s
in fo rm al
p u b lic
e c o lo g ic a l
associations. Such
associations are said
t o
e x is t
i n
alm ost
e v e r y
o b la s j
o f
th e
re p u b lic .
Z e le n y i S v it its e lf w a s f o u n d e d
by the
U k ra in ia n
C o m m itte e
fo r
th e
D efense
T he
G reen
C o u n c il
m ust
m eet
fo u r
tim es
a n n u a lly .
I t is c o m p o s e d
o f
th e
c h a irm a n

and deputies, m em bers of the s e c re ta ria t, re p re s e n ta tiv e s o f c o lle c tiv e m em bers

o f
Z e le n y i
S v it, e x p e r ts
a n d
scholars. Its task
is to e x a m in e e c o lo g i\u00ad
cal problem s, to
r e p r e s e n t
th e
a s s o c ia \u00ad
tion in state and
p u b lic o rg a n iz a tio n s o f
U k ra in e a n d th e
U S S R , to d e v e lo p c o n \u00ad
ta c ts
w ith
fo re ig n
e c o lo g ic a l
o r g a n iz a \u00ad
tio n s , to p ro d u c e a re g u la r b u lle tin , a n d
t o
a c c e p t
c o lle c tiv e
m em bers
in to

th e association. The day-to-day business of th e a s s o c ia tio n

is ru n b y th e s e c re ta ria t,
w h ic h
a g a in
in c lu d e s th e c h a ir m a n
a n d
d e p u ty
c h a irm e n .
O rig in a lly , Z e le n y i S v it h a d
d e s c r ib e d
its e lf
as an
in fo rm al
o rg a n iz a tio n ,
a n d
b e fo re
A p ril
i t
h a d
a p p e a r e d
u n lik e ly
th a t
i t
w o u ld
is s u e
a
fo rm al
s ta tu te .
T h a t it h a s d o n e s o m a y b e a n
in d ic a tio n
o f c e rta in
pressures placed
o n
its r e p r e \u00ad
s e n ta tiv e s
fo r
d ra w in g
a tte n tio n
t o
e c o lo g ic a l
problem s.
T h u s , o n e o f th e c la u s e s o u tlin in g
th e
d u tie s
of the
secretariat declares that it
i s
t o
p ro v id e
" p ro te c tio n
o f
m em bers
fro m
d iv e rs e v ic tim iz a tio n a n d
p e r s e c u \u00ad
tio n
fo r
th e ir
n a tu re -p ro te c tio n

a c tiv i\u00ad tie s ."It s e e m s lik e ly th a t s u c h v ic tim iz a \u00ad tio n

m ust have already
ta k e n
p la c e .
F u rth e r
e v id e n c e
of som e
an im o sity
. . . a
c r is is
p o in t in t h e
e c o lo g ic a l d e g r a d a t i o n
o f
th e
r e p u b lic
is a p p r o a c h i n g .
o f
P e a c e ,
u n d e r
th e
c h a irm a n s h ip
o f
Y u riy
S h c h e r b a k ,
a
w rite r
a n d
p h y s i\u00ad
c ia n
w ho
has been
e le c te d
t o
th e
C on\u00ad
g r e s s
o f
P e o p le 's
D e p u tie s
a n d
th e
U SSR
Suprem e
S o v ie t.
T he
th re e
deputy chairm en are D m ytro
H rodzyn-
s k y ,
a
d o c to r
o f
b io lo g y
a n d
c o r r e s \u00ad
p o n d in g
m em ber
o f
th e

U k ra in ia n A c a d e m y o f S c ie n c e s ; V .G . S a k h a y e v , a d o c to r

o f
econom ics;
a n d
Y u.
T k a -
c h e n k o , a film
d ire c to r.
T h e s ta tu te is s o m e w h a t c o n fu s in g
i n
that it is laid out in reverse order, so that
th e
o rg a n iz a tio n a l
stru c tu re
i s
lis te d
to w ard
th e e n d
o f th e d o c u m e n t. In th e
p r e f a c e
to the statu te, it is asserted
th a t
th e
re p u b lic is o n th e " th re s h o ld " o f a n
e c o lo g ic a l
c r i s i s
a n d
th a t
y e a r s
o f
u n \u00ad
c o n tro lle d
e x p lo ita tio n
o f
U k ra in e 's
ric h e s
h a v e
le d
t o
p o llu tio n
of the
a t\u00ad
m osphere,
w a te r
s u p p lie s ,
a n d

s o il e x c e e d in g th e p e rm is s ib le n o r m s b y te n s of tim es.

F iv e
e c o lo g ic a l
d is a s te r s
a re
c ite d
b rie fly :
th e
ru in a tio n
o f
th e
D n ie s te r
R iver; the
C h o rn o b y l tra g e d y ; th e
s t i l l
u n e x p la in e d
sicknesses am ong
c h ild re n
in th e c ity o f C h e rn iv ts i; th e c o n ta m in a \u00ad
tio n
of w ater in the
D n ie p e r R iv e r; a n d
th e
s a lin iz a tio n
o f
soil in
th e
s o u th e r n
re g io n s
of the
re p u b lic .
Z e le n y i
Svit is described
as a
v o lu n \u00ad
t a r y
a s s o c ia tio n
o f
e c o lo g ic a l
" c e lls "
(oseredky) and collective m em bers. T he
h ig h e s t
b o d y
w ith in
th e
a s s o c ia tio n
is
th e
re p u b lic a n
congress, w hich
is to
b e
h e ld
every tw o years on a regular basis,
but can
also be convoked
d u rin g
em er\u00ad
g e n c ie s
if
o n e -th ird
o f
th e
c e lls
s o
dem and. Representatives of all the cells
c a n
b e d e le g a te s to
th e
c o n g r e s s .
T he
c o n g r e s s
a d o p ts
th e
s ta tu te
a n d
q tia k e s
a m e n d m e n ts
t o
i t ,
e le c ts
th e
c h a irm a n
a n d
d e p u ty
c h a irm e n ,
a n d
h e a r s
th e
re p o rts
o f
th e
in te r s e s s io n a l
a u th o ritie s . T h e la tte r a re c o m p o s e d
o f
a
G reen
C o u n c il, a n d a
c o n tro l-in s p e c \u00ad
tio n c o m m itte e th a t js .ii|^ m n te d b y th a t
l.s a m e , c o u n c il.\u0427 .
bQ iv/Q cnfa c to ry
d ire c to rs
a n d
e c o lo g i\u00ad
c a l
w a tc h d o g s
i s
s u g g e s te d
u n d e r
th e
h e a d in g
o f
"G eneral
T a s k s ,"
o n e
o f
w h ic h
is to
p r o s e c u te
th o s e
in d iv id u a ls
or enterprises that have transgressed
th e
e c o lo g ic a l
norm s, causing
h a r m
t o
th e
e n v iro n m e n t.
The key aim
a p p e a rs to b e to c o o rd i\u00ad
n a te
p u b lic
c o n tro l
o v e r
in d u s tria l
p o llu tio n
a n d
e n v iro n m e n ta l
norm s.
A lth o u g h
Z e le n y i S v it w a s f o u n d e d
by a
p e a c e
c o m m itte e ,
th e re
is o n ly
a
b rie f
a llu s io n
in the statute to the dangers of
n u c le a r
w ar.
T h e r e
i s
n o
m em bership
f e e ,
a n d
lo c a l
b r a n c h e s
a re
p erm itted
th e ir
ow n
in te rn a l
s tru c tu re ,
o r g a n iz a \u00ad
tio n
a n d
fin a n c ia l
in d e p e n d e n c e .
F u n d s a re to b e p ro v id e d b y v o lu n ta ry
c o n trib u tio n s
o f
c o lle c tiv e
a n d
in d iv i\u00ad
d u a l
m em bers,
s p o n s o r s h i p ,
in c o m e
fro m
benefit concerts ^nd
le c tu re s , a n d
th e
s a l e
o f
g o o d s ,
s u c h
a s
a
b a d g e
b e a rin g
th e e m b le m
of the
a s s o c ia tio n .
T he
u se
o f
s u c h
em blem s
i s
t o
b e
m o n ito re d
b y
th e
s e c re ta ria t.
T he
a s s o c ia tio n
h a s
i t s
ow n
b a n k
a c c o u n t
a n d
le tte rh e a d , a n d
a n
o ffic ia l
a d d r e s s
o f
Z e le n y i S v it is p r o v id e d
fo r th e
f i r s t
tim e
i n
th e
p r e s s .
W hile
Z e le n y i S v it is try in g to
re ta in
i t s
lo o s e
s tru c tu re ,
a n d
h a s
a v o id e d
la y in g fo rth

specific goals in its statute, th e U k ra in ia n g o v e rn m e n t is a ls o ta k in g s te p s

t o
d e a l w ith
e c o lo g ic a l
p ro b le m s
th ro u g h
i t s
Perm anent
E x tra o rd in a ry
C o m m issio n
fo r
th e
L iq u id a tio n
of the
C onsequences
o f
A c c id e n ts ,
C a ta \u00ad
s tr o p h e s
a n d
E le m e n ta l
Phenom ena,
w h ic h is a tta c h e d to th e U k ra in ia n
S S R
C o u n c il o f
M in isters.
T he
nam e
o f
th e
com m ission
in d i\u00ad
c a te s th a t it e n c o m p a s s e s a w id e v a rie ty
of tasks
ra n g in g
fro m
a
m a jo r

tra g e d y such as C hornobyl to the recent collapse of the facade of the K iev post office. B ut i t s

key concern
at present lies w ith
th e
c o n ta m in a tio n
o f
v a rio u s
e a s t e r n
y -
k r^ in ia n
in c jiis tria l
c itie s ,
p a rtic u la rly
(C onM nued
o n
p a g e
1 5 )
H o p e fu l c a n d id a te C h o r n o v il
a n n o u n c e s p o litic a l p la tfo r m
L O N D O N
-
T h e U k ra in ia n
P r e s s
A gency
h a s
r e c e i v e d
th e
te x t
o f
V yacheslav
C h o rn o v iF s
a lte rn a tiv e
d ra ft e le c tio n
p ro g ra m
fo r th e
fo rth \u00ad
c o m in g
re p u b lic a n
e le c tio n s .
M r. C h o rn o v il, a w e ll-k n o w n
a n d
le a d in g d is s id e n t, is th e e d ito r o f th e
sam vydav journal
U k ra in ia n
H erald
(o rg a n
o f
th e
U k ra in ia n
H e ls in k i
U n io n )
a n d
w in n e r
o f
th e
S u n d a y
T im e s
N ic h o la s
T h o m a lin
aw ard. A
fu ll
tra n s la tio n
fo llo w s:
"T he
p u b lic a tio n
o n
A ugust
8 of
th e
d ra ft
of the
L aw
o n
E le c tio n s o f
U SSR
d e p u tie s
i s
e v id e n c e
o f
th e
in te n tio n
o f
th e
p a rty -b u re a u c ra tic
a p p a r a t u s
i n
U k ra in e
t o
s t a y
i n
p o w e r a t a n y p r i c e . If, t h r o u g h a j o i n t
e ffo rt,
w e
a re
n o t
a b le
t o
s u b s ta n \u00ad
tia lly
c h a n g e
th is
la w
th e re
i s
n o t
m uch
h o p e
fo r
th e d e m o c ra tic
com \u00ad
p o s itio n
o f
th e
h i g h e s t
o r g a n
o f
p o w e r in
th e
re p u b lic .
N evertheless
I recom m end
th e
p ro p o s itio n
o f
m y
su p p o rte rs
t o
a tte m p t
t o
b r e a k
o u t o f th e
c o n fin e s
o f
th e
a n ti-d e m o c ra tic
la w
-
a n d
rig h t a w a y
I am
m a k in g a v a ila b le fo r
p u b lic ju d g m e n t
the first draft of m y
p ro g ra m ,
w h ic h
I
w ill
u se
if
I
a m
n o m in a te d
as a
c a n d id a te .
I re g a rd a tru e p e o p le 's d e p u ty a s a
p o litic ia n
w ho
is in s ig h tfu l
a n d
h a s
p e r s p e c tiv e .
A ll
p a riia m e n ta ry
d e c i\u00ad
sio n s, w h a te v e r th e ir n a tu r e , m u s t b e
re c o n c ile d
b y
th e
p e o p le 's
d e p u ty
w ith
h is s o c ia l id e a l, w h ic h
m u st.also
b e
know n
to .h is c o n s titu e n ts .
I w ill u n d e rlin e rig h t a w a y , th a t m y
s y s te m
o f
b e lie fs ,
m y
v ie w
o f
th e
fu tu re

of U kraine is not the result of a sudden foresight during the period of re s tru c tu rin g ,

a s
i s
th e
c a s e
am ong
som e
n e w ly
fo rm ed
" ra d ic a ls ,"
b u t
th e
rip e n e d
fru it
o f
3 0
y e a r s
o f
p rin c ip le d
s e a r c h
p a id
fo r
t h e s e
id e a s
w ith
1 5
y e a r s
im p ris o n m e n t,
c o n c e n tra tio n
cam ps
a n d
e x ile
i n
Y akutsk
d u rin g
th e
r e p r e s s iv e
y e a r s
o f
B rezhnev
a n d
A n d ro p o v .
D uring the m id, 1960s, I definitive\u00ad
l y
d e lin e a te d
fo r
m yself
th e
th re e
p o in ts , w h ic h , a c c o rd in g to m y
d e e p
c o n v ic tio n ,
a
fu tu re
aw akened
U -
k ra in e
s h o u ld
h o p e fu lly
a d h e r e
to .
T h e y
a r e :
S ta te h o o d ,
D em ocracy,
S e lf-G o v e rn m e n t.
P e e rin g
w ith
th e
m in d 's
e y e
in to
th e
fu tu re ,
m aybe
10 years hence, I
s e e
th e
fu tu re
U k ra in e
a s
a
fre e .
V yacheslav
C h o rn o v il
w e a lth y
a n d
p e a c e f u l
s ta le
in
th e
d e m o c ra tic
fam ily
o f
E u r o p e a n
n a \u00ad
tio n s ,
1 see the
ro u te th is a w a k e n in g
w ill
ta k e
-
b lo o d le s s ,
p r o g r e s s iv e ,
r a i s i n g
o f
n a tio n a l
self-aw areness
w eakened
b y
c e n lu rie s
o f
e n s la v e \u00ad
m e n t,
le a rn in g
th e
le s s o n s
o f
dem o\u00ad
cracy, the new
u n d e rsta n d in g reached
w ith
n e ig h b o rin g
n a tio n s a n d
s ta le s .
I
g u e s s
th a t
h a v in g
s u f f e r e d
i t s
s h a r e
of totalitarianism
a n d
im perial
cen tralism , th e free
U k r a i n e w ill h a v e
d e v e lo p e d
a la s tin g im m u n ity a g a in s t
all form s
o f
d ic ta to rs h ip , o n e
p a rly
regim es,
in s a tia b le
le a d e r s ,
p a rtie s
a n d
id e o lo g ie s .
M y
n a tio n
w ill
n o t
w ant to cliarigc the forced
c e n tra lis m
o f
M oscow
fo r
K ie v a n
centralism .
R a th e r
i l
w ill
la k e
th e
tra d itio n a l
p a th
fro m
th e
p e rio d
of princes and
k o z a k s
o f
d e m o c ra tic
s e lf
g o v e r n \u00ad
m e n t.
T h is
i s
w hy
1 im a g in e
th e
fu tu re
U kraine as a federated
r e p u b \u00ad
l i c
-
a
u n io n
o f
t e r r i t o r i e s ,
w h ic h
d e v e lo p e d
h is to ric a lly
a n d
h a v e
n a tu ra l-c lim a tic ,
c u ltu ra l-e th n o g ra \u00ad
p h ic ,lin g u is tic , e c o n o m ic
a n d
o th e r
c h a ra c te ris tic s th a t c re a te th e
u n iq u e
v a rie d
fa c e
of a
s in g le
n a tio n .
1
s e e
in c lu d e d
i n
th e
U k ra in ia n
F e d e r a t e d
P e o p le 's
R e p u b lic
th e
fo llo w in g
t e r r i t o r i e s :
K ie v ,
P o d illia ,
V o lh y n ia ,
G a lic ia ,
B ukovyna,
S u b -
C a rp a th ia ,
'H e tm a n s h c h y n a ,'

'S lo - b o /h ia n s h c h y n a ,' Z a p o riz h z h ia , D o \u00ad netsk, T avria (the B lack Sea area ) , and the C rim ea -

a s a n in d e p e n d e n t n e ig h \u00ad b o r o r a u to n o m o u s re p u b lic in u n io n w ith

U k ra in e .
E v e r y
t e r r i t o r y
w ill
(C o n tin u e d
o n
p a g e
1 0 )
ra in ia n W e e
F O U N D iP ^ i
A n
E n g lis h - la n g u a g e
U k r a in ia n
n e w s p a p e r
p u b lis h e d
b y th e
U k r a in ia n
N a tio n a l
A s s o c ia tio n
In c ., a n o n - p r o fit a s s o c ia tio n , a t 3 0 M o n tg o m e ry S t., J e rs e y C ity , N .J .
0 7 3 0 2
S e c o n d -c la s s p o s ta g e p a id a t J e rs e y C ity , N .J . 0 7 3 0 2 .
(IS S N -
0 2 7 3 -9 3 4 8 )
Y e a rly s u b s c rip tio n ra te : | 2 0 ; fo r U N A m e m b e rs -
|1 0 .
A ls o p u b lis h e d b y t h e U N A : S v o b o d a , a U k ra in ia n -la n g u a g e d a ily n e w s p a p e r.
T h e W e e k ly a n d S v o b o d a :
(201) 434-0237, -0807, -3036
U N A :
(201) 451-2200
P o s tm a s te r, s e n d a d d re s s
changes to:
T h e U k r a in ia n W e e k ly
P .O .
B ox
3 4 6
J e rs e y C ity , N .J . 0 7 3 0 3
E d ito r: R o m a
H adzow ycz
A s e o c ia to E d ito rs : M a r ta
K o lo m a y o ts
C h ry c ty n a
L a p y c h a k
T h e U k r a in ia n W e e k ly , O c to b e r, 1
, 1 9 8 9 , N o . 4 0 , V o l. L V II
C o p y rig h t 1 9 8 9
b y T b e U k r a in ia n W e e k ly
,
^ .
N o .4 0
T H E U K R A IN IA N W E E K L Y
SUNDAY, OCTOBER
1 ,1 9 8 9
R e p .
S la u g h te r s e e k s v is a
fo r a ilin g O Ih a H o ry n
NEW ARK,
N .J.
-
R ep.
L o u is e
S la u g h te r (D -N . Y .) h a s w ritte n a " D e a r
C o lle a g u e " le tte r to a ll m e m b e rs o f th e
U .S .
Congress asking them
to a d d
th e ir
s ig n a tu re s
t o
her letter to
S o v ie t
p r e s i \u00ad
d e n t
M ik h a il G o r b a c h e v
to allow
O lh a
H o ry n
to com e to the United
S ta te s fo r
m e d ic a l
tre a tm e n t.
M rs.
H oryn, a 55-year-old resident of
L v iv
o b la s t,
w as
d ia g n o s e d
a s
h a v in g
b r e a s t
c a n c e r
tw o
y e a r s
a g o
a n d
re \u00ad
c e iv e d
a
p e r s o n a l
in v ita tio n
fro m
a
frie n d
i n
N ew
Y ork as w ell as a
w ritte n
o ffe r
fo r
f r e e
m e d ic a l
c a r e
b y
s e v e r a l
o n c o lo g is ts
th is
sp rin g
fro m
th e
N ew
J e r s e y
N ew
Y ork
b r a n c h
of the
U k rai\u00ad
n ia n
M e d ic a l
A s s o c ia tio n
o f
N o rth
A m erica.
A n
a c tiv e
m em ber
o f
th e
C itiz e n s '
C o m m itte e
in Defense of the
U k ra in ia n
C a th o lic
C hurch,
sh e
is
th e
w ife
o f
fo rm er
p o litic a l
p r i s o n e r
M y k h a ilo
H o r y n , a le a d in g
m e m b e r o f th e
U k rai\u00ad
n ia n
H e ls in k i
U n io n
a n d
th e
P o p u la r
M ovem ent of
U k ra in e fo r
P e r e b u d o v a .
D esp ite
a
r e c e n t
S o v ie t
la w
th a t
g u a r a n te e s
re s o lu tio n
o f
e x it c a s e s
fo r
m edical reasons in three days, there has
b e e n
no response from
th e L v iv re g io n a l
O ffice
o f
V isas
a n d
R e g is tra tio n
(O V IR )
s in c e
M rs.
H o ry n
su b m itted
h e r a p p lic a tio n
s ix
m o n th s
a g o .
A c tin g o n a n a p p e a l fro m
A m e ric a n s
fro m
H um an
R ig h ts
i n
U k ra in e
(A H R U ) based
h e r e . R e p . S la u g h te r h a s
w ritte n
a
le tte r
t o
th e
S o v ie t
le a d e r
re q u e s tin g
h is
in te rc e s s io n
o n
M rs.
H o r y n 's
b e h a lf.
T he
congressw om an,
w ho
re p re s e n ts th e 3 0 th
D istric t in N ew
Y ork
s ta te ,
a l s o
in itia te d
th e
"D ear
R ep.
L o u is e
S la u g h te r
C o lle a g u e ''
le tte r
t o
o b ta in
a s
m any
s ig n a tu re s fro m
senators and
r e p r e s e n \u00ad
ta tiv e s a s p o s s ib le
b e fo re
O c to b e r
2 .
! r
\u042c \u0440 \u0433 letter to
P r e s id e n t
G orbachev.
R ep.
S la u g h te r
w rites:
"T he
S o v ie t
U n io n
is a s ig n a to ry
o f
in te rn a tio n a l a g re e m e n ts w h ic h g u a ra n \u00ad
tee freedom
o f m o v e m e n t, in c lu d in g th e
U niversal
D e c la ra tio n
o f
H um an
R ig h ts a n d th e F in a l A c t o f th e
H e ls in k i
C onference
o n
S e c u rity
a n d
C oopera\u00ad
tio n
in
E u ro p e . In a d d itio n , d e c re e
N o.
1064 of the
U SSR
C o u n c il o f
M in isters
g u a r a n te e s
d e p a rtu re
fro m
th e
S o v ie t
U n io n
fo r
r e a s o n s
o f
s e r io u s

illn e s s w ith in th re e d a y s o f a p p lic a tio n . In lig h t o f

th e s e
com m itm ents
b y
th e
S o v ie t
g o v e rn m e n t to a llo w
th e fre e m o v e m e n t
o f its c itiz e n s , w e u rg e y o u
to issue
M s.
H o ry n a te m p o ra ry

visa to enable her to re c e iv e c ritic a l m e d ic a l tr e a tm e n t in th e U n ite d

S ta te s .
"W e
a p p la u d
y o u r
e ffo rts
t o
b rin g
n e w
freedom s
t o
S o v ie t
s o c ie ty
a n d
h o p e
th a t
y o u
w ill o n c e a g a i n

dem on\u00ad s tra te y o u r c o m m itm e n t to th e se e n d e a \u00ad v o rs

b y
in te rc e d in g
o n
M s.
H o r y n 's
b e h a lf."
A
c o p y
o f
R e p . S la u g h te r's
le tte r
t o
th e
S o v ie t
p re s id e n t,
a lo n g
w ith

th e signatures of other U .S. congresspeople w ill

b e
s e n t
t o
R u d o lf
K uznetsov,
th e
h e a d
of O V IR
i n
M oscow .
I n
th e
"D ear
C o lle a g u e
le tte r"
c i r \u00ad
c u la te d
a r o u n d
Congress, Rep. Slaugh\u00ad
ter w rites:
" A lth o u g h
th e h u m a n rig h ts s itu a tio n
i n
th e
S o v ie t
U n io n
h a s

im p ro v e d dram atically since President G orbachev cam e to

p o w e r in
1 9 8 5 , in te rn a tio n a lly
a c c e p te d
standards of hum an
rig h ts a re
s t i l l
fre q u e n tly
ig n o re d
b y
th e
S o v ie t
b u r e a u c r a c y .
I n
p a rtic u la r
c e rta in
republics, such as U kraine, have not felt
th e
im p ro v e m e n ts
b ro u g h t
t o
o th e r
n a tio n a litie s
i n
th e
S o v ie t
U n io n
b y
P r e s i d e n t
G o r b a c h e v 's
re fo rm
p ro \u00ad
gram .
"T he
c a s e
o f
O lh a
H o ry n
illu s tra te s
th e
c o n tin u e d
d iffic u ltie s
f a c e d
b y
U krainians when attem pting to exercise
rig h ts g u a ra n te e d
by the central govern\u00ad
m ent
in
M o s c o w ...
M s . H o r y n 's
a p p li\u00ad
c a tio n
fo r
a n
em ergency
v is a
w as
in itia te d
i n
J a n u a r y ,
b u t
yet has to
b e
a c te d
o n
b y
S o v ie t a u th o ritie s , d e s p ite
th e
f a c t
th a t
th e
S o v ie t
U n io n
i s
a
s ig n a to ry
o f
in te rn a tio n a l
agreem ents
g u a ra n te e in g
f r e e d o m
o f.tra v e l
a n d
d e s p ite
U SSR
C o u n c il
o f
M in isters
d e c r e e
N o.
1 0 6 4
w h ic h
g u a r a n t e e s
d e p a rtu re
fro m
th e
S o v ie t
U n io n
fo r
r e a s o n s
o f
s e r io u s
illn e s s
w ith in
th re e
d a y s
o f
a p p lic a tio n .
"T here is no valid reason to deny
M s.
H o r y n 's
te m p o ra ry
v is a .
1 u rg e
y o u
t o
jo in
m e
i n
s ig n in g
th e
le tte r
o n
th e
r e v e r s e
w h ic h
will be sent to
P r e s id e n t
G orbachev
a n d
the O ffice
of V isas and
R e g is tra tio n
(O V IR )."
B e rd n y ki nU S .: b rin g in g m e s s a g e
a b o u t ''S p ir itu a l U l( r a in ia nR e p u b lic ''
H U D
g ra n ts
S 3 -4
m illio n
lo a n
t o
C a th o lic
d io c e s e
o f
P a rm a
PARM A,
O h io
-
T he
D e p a rtm e n t
o f
H o u s in g
a n d
U rban
D e v e lo p m e n t
aw arded
a
5 3 ,4 1 9 ,6 0 0
lo a n
t o
th e
P o lta v a
C o rp o ra tio n
of P arm a, to help
fin a n c e
6 3 u n its
o f
lo w -in c o m e
s e n io r
c itiz e n
h o u s in g ,
re p o rte d
R ep.
M ary
Rose D akar's (D-Ohio) office on Thurs\u00ad
d a y , S e p te m b e r 2 8 .
T he
P o lta v a
C o rp o ra tio n ,
a
g ro u p
o r g a n iz e d
b y
th e
U k ra in ia n
C a th o lic
D iocese
o f
P a r m a , w h ic h
is h e a d e d
b y
B is h o p
R obert M . M oskal, had
a p p lie d
fo r
th e
f e d e r a l
lo w -in terest
lo a n s
o n
a
num ber of occasions through the years.
W asyl
L is c y n e s k y ,
tr e a s u r e r
o f
th e
P o lta v a
C o rp o ra tio n ,
w h ic h
p la n s
t o
c o n s tru c tio n
a
P o lta v a
C e n te r
fo r
S e n io r C itiz e n s , w a s e la te d b y th e n e w s ,
w h ic h
h e
r e c e iv e d
o n
T h u r s d a y ,
S e p \u00ad
te m b e r 2 8 .
H e
re p o rte d
th a t
b u ild in g
p l a n s ,
w h ic h
h a v e
b e e n
r e a d y
fo r q u ite
som e
tim e, c o u ld
n o w
b e
re v ie w e d
a n d
th e
w heels are set in m otion now
th a t
H U D
has granted
th is 4 0 -y e a r
lo a n .
R ep.

D akar, w ho has a large num ber o f U k ra in ia n c o n s titu e n ts in h e r d is tric t, w as

in s tru m e n ta l
i n
s e c u r in g
th e
lo a n
fo r
th e
P o lta v a
C o rp o ra tio n .
D ies Berdnyk
as he spoke
w ith
S v o b o d a
a n d
T he
W e e k ly
e d it o r s ,
b y
R om a
H adzew ycz
JE R S E Y
C IT Y , N .J. -
O le s B e rd \u00ad
n y k ,
a
w rite r
a n d
fo u n d in g
m em \u00ad
ber of the
U k ra in ia n
H e ls in k i G r o u p
e s ta b lis h e d
i n
1976, arrived for a visit
t o
th e
U n ite d
S ta te s
o n
a
p riv a te
in v ita tio n
o n
S e p te m b e r
6 .
W hile
h e r e ,
th e
fo rm er
d is s id e n t
to ld
T he
U k ra in ia n
W e e k ly ,
h e
w o u ld
lik e
t o
m eet
w ith
U k ra in ia n
A m e ric a n s
a n d
U k ra in ia n
C ana\u00ad
d ia n s
t o
d i s c u s s
h o w
U k ra in ia n s
th ro u g h o u t
th e
w o rld
c a n
w ork
i n
u n is o n
t o
guarantee the existence of
th e
U k ra in ia n
n a tio n .
"Y ou
a n d
w e (in
Ukraine) are one,
M r.
B erdnyk
stressed. "A
n a tio n
i s
w o rld w id e
\u2014
w h e r e t h e r e is a
U k rai\u00ad
n ia n , th e re is U k ra in e . A n d w h e n w e
\u0406
b e g in
to u n d e rs ta n d
th is , n o o n e c a n
\
ever destroy
u s .''
D uring a brief visit to the editorial
o ffic e s
o f
S v o b o d a
a n d
T he
U k rai\u00ad
n ia n
W eekly a w eek after his arrival,
th e
w rite r
n o te d
th a t th e

p o lic ie s o f S o v ie t P re s id e n t M ik h a il G o r b a c h e v a re

" a
g re a t o p p o rtu n ity
th a t h a s to
b e
u tiliz e d .'"
H e
c o n tin u e d ,
''W e
h a v e
b e e n
g iv e n
a
last chance.
W e
c a n
f a l l
n o
fu rth e r
\u2014
b e c a u s e
b e lo w
u s
i s
th e
in fe rn o ,
cosm ic
trash.'' A ll
n a tio n s ,
he explained, "can
a tta in
a new
le v e l
o f life o n l y t h r o u g h
s p iritu a liz a tio n ."
T he
a tta in m e n t
o f
a
" S p iritu a l
U k ra in ia n
R e p u b lic ,"
a n
id e a
M r.
B erdnyk
s a id
h e
first s p o k e a b o u t in
1 9 7 4 ,
is " e x t r a o r d i n a r i l y
realistic" at
th is
tim e.
H e
u n d e rlin e d
th a t
th e
c o n trib u tio n s
of the diaspora
t o
th e
m a in te n a n c e o f th e U k ra in ia n
n a tio n
h a v e
b e e n
c o l o s s a l
a n d
th a t
th e
d ia s p o r a
c a n
n o w
d o
e v e n
m ore,
g iv e n
c u r r e n t
d e v e lo p m e n ts
i n
th e
U SSR .
T h e m a in in g re d ie n t, h e s a id , is th e
"T eacher of the N ew
T e s ta m e n t," fo r
" w ith o u t
G od, a
p e r s o n
becom es an
a n im a l"
a n d
th is
i s
' ' a
fearsom e
cosm ic
b o o m e r a n g ."
T h u s ,M r. B e rd n y k e x p la in e d
th a t
h e
s t r i v e s
t o
u n ite
th e
n a tio n a l
a n d
the spiritual -
a n d
to stress this in a
d ia lo g u e
w ith
fe llo w
U k ra in ia n s ,
w ith
a
v ie w
to w ard
fin d in g
th e
m e th o d s
n e e d e d
t o
im p le m e n t
th is
u n io n .
M r.
B erdnyk
n o te d
th a t
h e
h a s
w a n te d
to visit the
U n ite d
S ta te s
fo r
m any
y e a r s
-
a n
A m erican
u n iv e r\u00ad
s ity , h e s a id , h a d in v ite d h im
2 0 y e a r s
a g o ,
b u t
h e
w as
u n a b le
t o
ta k e
a d v a n ta g e
o f
th e
o ffe r
-
a n d
h e
h a rd ly
b e lie v e s
th a t h e
is h e r e .
On the fourth day of his stay in this
c o u n try , M r. B e rd n y k fo u n d
h im self
a d d r e s s in g
a
U k ra in ia n
a u d ie n c e
i n
H u n te r , N .Y ., fo llo w in g
th e
S u n d a y
divine liturgy offered
a t S t. J o h n
th e
B a p tist
U k ra in ia n
C a th o lic
C hurch.

M r. Berdnyk was born on Novem\u00ad b e r 2 5 , 1 9 2 7 , in V a v y lo v e , M y k o la y iv O blast. He served in the Soviet A rm y i n

1 9 4 3 -1 9 4 5 , fig h tin g
o n
th e
G er\u00ad
m an
fro n t.
H e
th e n
s tu d ie d
a t
th e
Iv a n
F r a n k o
D ram a
T h e a t e r in K ie v
a n d
w orked
a s
a n
a c to r.
L a te r
h e
w orked
fo r
several new spapers, and
h is
f ir s t
w o rk s
w ere
p u b lis h e d
in
p e rio d ic a ls
i n
1 9 4 7 .
H e
w as
im p ri\u00ad
s o n e d
i n
1 9 4 9 -1 9 5 6
fo r
h is
e a rly
w ritin g s.
I
H is first n o v e l, " B e y o n d S p a c e a n d
T im e ," w as
p u b lis h e d
i n
1957. This
w as follow ed
b y " P a th s o f th e T ita n s "
(1 9 5 9 )
^ 'A r r o w
o f
T im e "
(1 9 6 0 ),
" C h ild re n
o f
In fin ity "
(1 9 6 4 )
a n d
" S ta r
P ira te " (1 9 7 1 ).
W alter
S m y rn iw
o f
M cM aster
U n iv ersity , w ritin g
in an

A u stralian edition of M r. B erdnyk's w orks called "A postle

o f
Im m o rtality "
(B ayda
B ooks,
1984) noted:
" A p a r t fro m
O le s B e rd n y k , n o o th e r
s c ie n c e
fic tio n
a u th o r p n
th e
U SSR J
h a s d a re d to p o rtra y m a n 's e v o lu tio n
into an
im m ortal and
g o d lik e
b e in g .
T h is
n o tio n
i s
in d e e d
in c o m p a tib le
w ith
th e
o ffic ia l
S o v ie t
id e o lo g y
b a s e d
o n
d ia le c tic a l
m aterialism .
C o n s e q u e n tly ,
th e
S o v ie t

p o litic a l a u th o ritie s d o n o t to le ra te a n y d e v ia \u00ad tio n s fro m

it, n o t e v e n in th e re a lm
o f
fantasy. And
o b v io u s ly
th is w a s th e
m ain
r e a s o n
fo r
th e
p e rs e c u tio n
o f
B erdnyk,
w h ic h
b e g a n
a fte r
th e
p u b lic a tio n
o f'S ta r
P ira te 'in
1 9 7 1 ."
A fter
e x p u ls io n
fro m
th e
U k rai\u00ad
n ia n
W riters'
U n io n
i n
1 9 7 3 ,
M r.
B erdnyk
b e c a m e a c tiv e in th e
U k rai\u00ad
n ia n
hum an
a n d
n a tio n a l
rig h ts
m o v e m e n t.
H e
w as
a
le a d e r
o f
th e
U k ra in ia n
H e ls in k i G r o u p a n d
a fte r
its first c h a ir m a n , M y k o la
R udenko,
w as
a r r e s te d
i n
1 9 7 7
becam e
th e
(C o n tin u e d
o n
p a g e
4 )
of 00

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