d is e a s e causes hair loss and a disturbed nervous system . D octors deny that the m alady is a n a fte re ffe c t o f th e A p ril1 9 8 6 a c c id e n t a t th e C h o rn o b y l n u c le a r p o w e r p la n t in U k ra in e ,

s p re a d in g fo r so m e tw o m o n th s n o w in the center of C hernivtsi, as w ell as som e southern suburbs of the city. It affects o n ly c h ild re n .

h a v e been unable to determ ine the cause of the disease or to fight its sym ptom s.

as saying that " s u s p ic io n s o f re a c tio n to ra d ia tio n o r pesticides have been excluded." He a d d e d

new spaper that each day tw o or three c h ild re n a re s e n t to th e h o s p ita l w ith th e d is e a s e 's

a c r o s s th e S o v ie t U n io n h a d b e e n c a lle d in to s tu d y th e p ro b le m w h ic hi s c a u s in g a p a n ic a m o n g th e lo c a l p o p u la tio n .

On N ovem ber3 , R adio K ie v carried a report about the illnesses in C hernivtsi. T he

nivtsi are still in session, although som e p a re n ts h a v e ta k e n th e ir c h ild re n o u t o f th e

to ld R a d io K ie v th a t p a re n ts a re b e in g to ld th e re

The w arden o f th e n o to rio u s B ry g id k y p ris o n in th e w estern

a c tiv is t Iv a n M a k a r o ffic ia lly re q u e s tin g a n A m e ric a n attorney to serve as co-defense counsel a lo n g w ith a lo c a l la w y e r, v a rio u s U .S . s o u rc e s to ld T h e W e e k ly .

L e x in g to n , V a ., a n d Iv a n K a n d y b a , a lo c a l d is s id e n t la w y e r a n d recently freed

M r. M akar, a construction engineer a n d a C o m m u n is t P a rty m e m b e r fro m th e v illa g e o f H a liv k a in th e L v iv re g io n , w ar arrested on A ugust 4 som e1 0 hours b e fo re

fin a l d o c u m e n t, a S o v ie t-p ro p o s e d c o n fe \u00ad rence on hum an rights has em erged a s th e p rin c ip a l re m a in in g o b s ta c le .

T h e S o v ie t d e le g a tio n w o u ld lik e to h o s t a h u m a n rig h ts c o n fe re n c e in M oscow

opposed by G reat B ritain and several o th er m em b ers of th e N o rth A tlan tic T re a ty O rg a n iz a tio n (N A T O ) o n th e g r o u n d s th a t th e S o v ie ts s till fa ll fa r s h o r t o f c o m p lia n c e w ith th e h u m a n rig h ts p ro v is io n s of th e

said, "I cannot deny th a t w e h a v e p ro b le m s in th is a r e a ." H e w ent on to suggest that holding a hum an rights conference in M oscow w o u ld

w o u ld m ake it im possible by 1991 to speak o f

u n d e r \u00ad ta k e n b y G e n e ra l S e c re ta ry M ik h a il G orbachev.

T h e U n ite d S ta te s p o s itio n o n th e proposed conference is that M oscow m u s t m e e t fo u r p re c o n d itio n s b e fo re it c a n h o p e to h o ld a h u m a n rig h ts

fa m ilie s c a s e s (in v o lv in g U .S . a n d S o v ie t c itiz e n s ), s to p

lik e g u a r a n te e s th a t th e S o v ie ts w ill g iv e non-governm ental

M o s c o w , it w ill w ith d ra w its s u p p o r t of hum an rights conferences in P aris a n d

th e c o n c lu d in g d o c u m e n t o f th e V ie n n a C o n fe re n c e o n S e c u rity a n d C o o p e \u00ad ra tio n

of th e U .S . C o m m is\u00ad s io n o n S e c u rity a n d C o o p e ra tio n in E u ro p e (th e H e lsin k i C o m m is s io n ), th e d o c u m e n t " c o n ta in s s tro n g

W est G erm an le a d e rs th a t a ll p o litic a l p ris o n e rs in th e U S S R

The W all Street Journal reported that G erm an officials said the U SSR h o p e s th e r e le a s e s w ill w in s u p p o r t for its proposed M oscow conference o n h u m a n rig h ts .

by repre\u00ad s e n ta tiv e s o f th e d iffe re n t n a tio n a litie s of the

w h o liv e o u ts id e th e ir n a tio n a l te rrito rie s , o r w h o d o n o t h a v e th e ir o w n n a tio n a l te rrito ria l u n its . I t

being stressed these days in th e S o v ie tp r e s s :2 0 p e rc e n t o f th e S o v ie t p o p u la tio n , th a t is o v e r

have to " p re s e rv e th e ir tra d itio n s , la n g u a g e a n d n a tio n a l c u ltu re ," R a d io K iev a c k n o w \u00ad le d g e d

representatives of a ll th e s e n a tio n a litie s , w h ic h liv e o n th e t e r r i t o r y

o f a n o th e r p e o p le , fre q u e n tly s till d o n o t h a v e p o s s ib ilitie s fo r th e fu ll re a liz a tio n

n a tio n a l-c u ltu ra l n e e d s , especially in the area of obtain\u00ad in g e d u c a tio n in th e ir n a tiv e la n g u a g e , c re a tin g

rep u b lic are ab le to satisfy th eir cu ltu ral re q u ire m e n ts w ith o u t a n y p ro b le m . Y et w h e n re p re s e n ta tiv e s o f o th e r n a tio n a li\u00ad tie s ,fo r

c o u n try 's c a p ita l, d e m a n d th e s a tis fa c \u00ad tion of thesam en e e d s , iti s deem ed to be n a tio n a lis m .

M oscow , and that U k ra in ia n sh a v e a ls o s e tu p as im ila r c e n te r inth e L a tv ia n c a p ita l, R ig a . In fa c t, o n

w hich sh e revealed th at th e first U krai\u00ad nian school has recently been openedi n M oscow .

T h is is, of course,ju s t a m odest start. E ver since glasnost began to take hold, U k r a in ia n w riters have been expressing c o n c e r na b o u t th e la c k o f a n y c u ltu ra l

c u ltu ra l c e n te rs fo r th e a p p ro x im a te ly 1 m illio n U k r a in ia n s w h o liv e in K a z a k h \u00ad s ta n . H e p o in te d o u t th a t o th e r n a tio n a l m in o ritie s in

been given at leastsom e culturalc o n c e s \u00ad sio n s, w h ile th e U k ra in ia n s , w h o b y fa r o u tn u m b e r th e la tte r tw o g ro u p s , h a v e o n ly ju s t o p e n e d th e ir v e ry first s c h o o l a n d

M o ld a v ia d o n o t h a v e a s in g le s c h o o l o r n e w s p a p e r." H e re a g a in , a lth o u g h s o m e cultural concessions have recently been m ade

G augaz a n d B u lg a ria n m in o ritie s , th e re d o n o t s e e m

returning" to the practice of establish\u00ad ing national Soviets for com pact groups o f n a tio n a litie s liv in g o u ts id e th e ir o w n re p u b lic , o r w ith o u t a

Kiev recalled that in U kraine in the 1920s and first half of the 1930s th e re

w ere "R ussian, G erm an, Jew ish and Polish schools, theatres, clubs and l i b r a r i e s . "

in th e s e y e a rs w as over 300, and that there w ere m ore th a n3 ,0 0 0 n a tio n a l ru ra l S o v ie ts.

A ccording to Jam es M ace, a W estern s c h o la r o f th is p e rio d , " n o n -U k ra in ia n s in S o v ie t U k ra in e w e re g u a ra n te e d th e rig h t to s e p a ra te c u ltu ra l d e v e lo p m e n t, th e rig h t to p rim a ry e d u c a tio n in th e ir n a tiv e

th e ir n a tiv e to n g u e , a n d th e rig h t to th e ir o w n p o litic a l in s titu \u00ad tio n s

1928, 388 Rus\u00ad s ia n v illa g e S o v ie ts in S o v ie t U k r a in e , 2 5 1

A s if fo rs e e in g th e lik e ly o b je c tio n st o its p ro p o s a l. R a d io K ie v s ta te d th a ti t d id

th e s a tis fa c tio n o f th e ir c u ltu ra l n e e d s . T h e c re a tio n

of such cultural centers, espe\u00ad cially if conditions lead to the establish\u00ad m ent of

s e ttle m e n t S o v ie ts , w ill p ro v id e th e o p p o rtu n ity to e n su re th a t n a tio n a l-c u ltu ra l n e e d s a re m e t.

Perestroika, M r. M akar was c h a rg e d w ith " a n ti-S o v ie t s la n d e r " a n d d is o rd e rly c o n d u c t u n d e r A rtic le s 1 8 7 -1 a n d

C o d e fo r o rg a n iz in g th e s e p u b lic ra llie s , w h ic h re p o rte d ly a ttra c te d u p to 5 0 ,0 0 0 p e o p le a t th e ir p e a k .

B ry g id k y a w a itin g tria l. N e ith e r a tria l d a te n o r a p re s id in g

arrest, a C itizen s' C om m ittee in D efense of Ivan M akar, headed

in Lviv. T hrough the resources of th is co m m ittee, M r. M a k a r's fam ily re q u e s te d

rig h ts la w , a s th e activist saw his case as a m atter of basic in te rn a tio n a l

U k ra in ia n C ongress C om m ittee of A m erica turned t o

Bar A s\u00ad so ciatio n to assist in lo catin g a crim in al la w y e r s p e c ia liz in g in

b o d ia n G e n o c id e P ro je c t, th e first c a se b ro u g h t to th e W o rld C o u rt u n d e r th e 1948 Genocide

it w as u n p re c e d e n te d ," sa id M r. S ta n to n , " b u t I 'd

if it w as p o s s ib le . S o I c h e c k e d th e S o v ie t la w s a n d fo u n d th a t th e re w a s n o s ta tu te th a t w o u ld

assist lo cal.rep resen tatio n in a trial of a S o v ie t c itiz e n . T h e S o v ie t le g a l s y s te m is o p e n

re q u ire , h o w e v e r, a n o ta riz e d w ritte n s ta te m e n t b y

T h e U A B A , h e a d e d b y P h ila d e lp h ia attorney Andrew Fylypovych,agreed in e a rly O c to b e r to s p o n s o r M r. S ta n to n t o

W a s h in g to n fo r a b u s in e s s v isa fo r th e purpose of co-defending M r. M akar at h is c rim in a l tria l o n O c to b e r 1 1 , w h ile M r.

so m etim e later. T he attorneys cabled a request for perm ission

sponsorship to the M inistry of Justice in M oscow , but had received no replya s of N ovem ber

T u e s d a y , N ovem ber 1. A s of N ovem ber3 , she w as doing fine and w as back in her regular h o s p ita l

t o rem ain in the hospital for seven to 10 days after her surgery.

p h y s ic ia n s a c te d o n b e h a lf o f th e U k ra in ia n M e d i\u00ad c a l

O lesia's grandm other, M rs. K ovalyshyn, also of L v iv , w h o w a s v is itin g h e r s is te r in N e w Y o rk , c o n ta c te d

The surgery that O lesia needed is not ro u tin e in th e U S S R : th e m o rta lity ra te i s

h o s p ita ls th a t c a n p ro v id e it. In th e U .S . the success rate is 90 percent for such surgery. D r. W oroch explained.

e th n ic o rg a n iz a tio n s . Y o u r w o rk , a s a n a tio n a l o ffic e r, e s ta b lis h e s y o u a s o n e o f

th o s e im p ris o n e d fo r th e ir p o litic a l a n d re lig io u s b e lie fs . T o n o t d o s o w o u ld b e to turn our backs on our values and our h e rita g e ..."

O ne thousand years ago Prince V olodym yr of K iev accepted the C hristian fa ith a n d th e p e o p le o f K ie v a n -R u s ' c a m e to k n o w a n d ta k e c o m fo rt in th e te a c h in g s o f th e G o s p e l. T h ro u g h o u t th e c e n tu rie s , th e ir fa ith

becam e an irre v e rs ib le s p iritu a l fo rc e w h ic h h a s g u id e d th e U k ra in ia n p e o p le in tim e s o f prosperity as w ell as despair.

A s y o u g a th e r to m a rk th is ju b ila n t e v e n t in th e h is to ry o f th e U k ra in ia n nation, w e rem ain keenly aw are of the recent developm ents in your ancestral hom eland which dem onstrate that hum an desires for freedom

in e x tin g u is h a b le d e s p ite d e c a d e s o f p e rs e c u tio n . N o c le a re r a n e x a m p le o f th is a r e th e g a th e rin g s o f th o u s a n d s o f fa ith fu l w h o h a v e c o n v e n e d a ll th r o u g h o u t U k ra in e , to p u b lic ly c e le b ra te th e ir litu rg ie s and dem and an end to the persecution leveled against U krainian Catholic, Orthodox and Evangelical believers.

U k ra in ia n O rth o d o x b e lie v e rs b e a c c o rd e d th e ir rig h ts to fre e ly w o rs h ip th e ir fa ith s in th e ir o w n C h u rc h u s in g th e ir n a tiv e la n g u a g e .

B a rb a ra jo in s m e in w ish in g y o u o u r v e ry b e s t fo r a jo y o u s c e le b ra tio n a n d o u r c o n g ra tu la tio n s o n th is1 ,0 0 0 th a n n iv e rs a ry o f C h ris tia n ity in th e h is to ry o f th e U k ra in ia n n a tio n .

o rg a n iz a tio n s in the free w orld, the W orld C ongress of F re e

The Bibles being sent to U kraine are p u b lis h e d b y th e U n ite d B ib le S o c ie tie s in S tu ttg art, W est G erm any. T he cost of th e p ro je c t is a p p ro x im a te ly S 4 0 0 ,0 0 0 .

ta k e place on W ednesday, N ovem ber2 3 , at7 p .m . T h e

F rid a y , N o v e m b e r 2 5 , a ju b ile e c o n c e r t w ill ta k e p la c e a t R o y T h o m s o n H a ll a t 8 p .m . P e rfo rm e rs w ill in c lu d e th e C a n a d ia n U k ra in ia n O p e ra C h o ru s , th e

w ill in c lu d e p e rfo rm a n c e s b y com bined U krainianc h o irs and groups, a s

o n re g is tra tio n , tic k e ts , accom m odations and program , m ay be o b ta in e d fro m

T h e U k ra in ia n A m e ric a n B a r A s s o c ia tio n u rg e s U k ra in ia n A m e ric a n s to w rite to the A m erican B ar A ssociation to request that Federal Judge B ohdan Futey of W ashington be included am ong several U .S . attorneys chosenb y the organization to serve as official A B A observers at the trial of Ivan M akar in L v iv , U k ra in e . T h e 3 1 -y e a r-o ld c o n s tru c tio n e n g in e e r a n d C o m m u n is t P a r ty m em ber w as arrested on A ugust 4 for organizing a m ass public rally, w hich w as violently dispersed by special riot police later that sam ed a y . M r. M akar, a le a d e r o f th e D e m o c ra tic F r o n t to P r o m o te P e re s tro ik a , is b e in g h e ld in a Lviv prison

J u d g e F u te y is b e in g c o n s id e re d d u e t o h is c rim in a l la w b a c k g r o u n d a s a C leveland prosecutor, his extensive experience as an attorney and judge,and because of h is fluency in U krainian. T hosew how ish to encourage the A B A to c h o o s e J u d g e F u te ya s a

trial observer in the M akar case should contact the h e a d o f th e A B A T ria l O b s e rv e r P ro je c t, P h ilipA . L a c o v a ra ,1 2 0 1 P e n n s y lv a \u00ad n ia A v e . N W , W a s h in g to n , D .C . 2 0 0 0 4 , o r c a ll (2 0 2 ) 6 2 6 -6 2 0 0 .

M artin's P ress," p r e s e n ts the other side of C h er\u00ad n o b y l, a p ic tu r e o fth e tr u ly m o m e n to u s im p a c t o fa m a jo r c a ta s tr o p h e o n th e liv e s o f th e

E a s tE u r o p e a n s tu d ie s a n d a research associate a t th e C a n a d ia n I n s titu te o f U k r a in ia nS tu d ie s , b a s e d a t th eU n iv e r s ity o f A lb ertai nE d m o n to n . H isfirst b o o k o n th eC h o r n o b y l n u c le a r a c c id e n t w as title d "Chernobyla n d N uclear Pow eri nth e U S S R

O ther W estern sources also carried fairly detailed a c c o u n ts a b o u t th e a ffa ir, su c h a s th e D u tc h n e w s \u00ad paper, N RC

tofiv e years of im prisonm ent. A s trik e r, it m a in ta in e d , c o u ld b e se n te n c e d to d e a th a n d im m e d ia te ly e x e c u te d . In th e s u m m e r o f 1 9 8 7 , a deputy of the W est Germ an

th e S panish article (as will becom e evident, it w as necessary to provide such a translation in order, in the Soviet view , to p ro v e th a t th e a lle g a tio n s m a d e in th e a rtic le w e re u n tru e ):

is given out about decorated heroes. N ewspapers write about the "patriotism ' of those w ho

v o lu n ta rily m e e tin g th e ir d e a th s to re s c u e th e n a tio n h a s b e e n show n to be an out-and-out lie. M en and wom en fro m

zone.' H er fiance, Fedya Tikhon, was also exposed. A fter four w eeks,he w as released into fre e d o m , i.e ., h e w a s a lre a d y u n a b le to w o rk . H e w as

" L e n in g ra di s lo c a te d 1 ,2 0 0 k ilo m e te rs fro mK ie v . The doctor ofa clinic ofthe First M edical Institute of Leningrad, Sergei Lornov, saj-

C h e rn o b y l. B e fo re th e c a ta s tro p h e G u n n a r H a g e l- b e rg liv e d th e r e . S e v e ra l d a y s a fte r th e a c c id e n t, w hen G unnarI crow ed the street, he w as seized by s o ld ie r s ,

th e c h a n c e t o le t h is fa m ily k n o w . T h e r e , he w as ordered to w atch w orkers in thez o n e , and in the case of refusal to w ork, to