2
TH E
U K R A IN IA N
W E E K LY
SU N DAY , SE P T E M BE R
2 0 ,
i9 8 i
N o.
3 8
S m u g g le d
letter from
K a b ul re ve a ls
s tif f A f g h a n
r e s is ta n c e
to S o v ie ts
G e o rg ia n s
h o ld
m e m o ria l s e rv ic e
to p ro te s tR u s s ific a tio n , S o v ie t ru le
N E W
Y O R K
-
T he
A fg h a n ista n
inform ation Center of Freedom
H ouse
on Septem ber 14 released excerpts from
a
letter recently
sm uggled
o u t o f A f\u2013
g h a n ista n .
D ated
J u ly
2 2 ,
th e
le tte r
d e s c r ib e s
th e
g r o w in g
fr u str a tio n
o f
Soviet occupation forces and the K abul
r e g im e in th e fa c e o f in c r e a s in g ly w e ll-
organized nationwide resistance.
T he
letter, sent
fr o m
Kabul to an
A fg h a n
r e fu g e e
in
th e
U n ited
S t a t e s ,
d e ta ils th e g r o w in g str e n g th a n d b o ld \u2013
ness of the resistance in the capital city
a n d
th e
p r o v in c e s,
it s
d e s c r ip tio n
o f
R u ssian
e ffo r ts
t o
r e c o v e r
r o c k e ts
hijacked by the resistancei n Kabulitself
confirm s press reports that the Soviets
n o
longer trust governm ent troops, it
a ls o c o n fir m s
w idespread
reports that
m o st o f A fg h a n ista n
is free
of any
control by the Soviets and
th e K a b u l
r e g im e , a n d
is in
fact governed
b y
independent resistance adm inistrations;
one of these, in north-central A fghanis-
ta n ,
is d e s c r ib e d a s b e in g s e c u r e e n o u g h
to em bark
on its own program
o f la n d
reform .
B e c a u s e
o f tig h t c e n s o r s h ip , fe w
A fg h a n s
r is k
s u c h
fr a n k
le tte r s
t o
relatives abroad. Translated
fr o m
th e
D ari
la n g u a g e ,
th is
is the
th ir d
s u c h
le tte r
t o
b e m a d e p u b lic
b y
F r e e d o m
H ouse,
a
n o n -p a r tisa n ,
n o n -p o litic a l
o r g a n iz a tio n
d e v o te d
to strengthening
free societies. W hile the nam es of the
correspondent and the recipient of the
le tte r c a n n o t b e m a d e p u b lic , b o th a r e
p e r s o n a lly
know n to the staff of Free\u2013
d o m
H ouse. The text of the letter, and
e x p la n a to r y n o te s , fo llo w :
" ... T h e
g e n e r a l
situ a tio n
in
th e
country and am ong the people is dete\u2013
rioratin g at an extraordinarily increasing
p ace. Y esterd ay1 saw w ith m yow n
e y e s
a g r o u p o f 1 2 S o v ie t s o ld ie r s , w ith o u t
th e
'local Russians' (A fghan commu\u2013
n ists),
p a tr o llin g
the streets near our
h o u s e a t a b o u t 1 1 :3 0 a .m . W h e n1 w e n t
t o
th e
o ffic e ,
m y c o lle a g u e s h a d
a ls o
s e e n
th e
sam e
sort of thing
in
o th e r
sections ofth e
c it y\u2014
Q a la -i-F a te h u lla h
K h a n , T a im a n y
W at and
Karte Par-
w a n .
T h ey
s a id
th a t
R u ssian
s o ld ie r s
w ith
m a c h in e g u n s w e r e n o t o n ly p a -
trolling the streets but w ere also search\u2013
in g s o m e h o u s e s .
"So far, one R ussian soldier has been
k ille d
d u r in g
s u c h
operations; that
h a p p e n e d
near Qala-i-M oussa
in S h a \u2013
hr-i-nau. The real reason fors u c ha bold
a c t
1
b y th e R u s s ia n s is n o t k n o w n , it is
s a id
that two
u n its c a r r y in g g r o u n d -
to-ground m issiles w ere lost on the w ay
betw een K hair K hana and Shahr-i-nau
( i .e ., betw een the northern outskirts of
K abul and a neighborhood near those
m e n tio n e d a b o v e ) a n d th a t th e S o v ie ts
are carrying out such an operation
t o
recover them .
"H eavy
fig h tin g
has been
g o in g o n
around K abul, and the freedom
fig h te r s
have consolidated
their power in m ost
p a r ts o f th e c a p ita l. T h is h a s g r e a tly
perplexed the governm ent.
"T he oth er fresh item is th is: that th e
p e o p le o n th e o th e r sid e o f th e S h ib a r
P a ss
( i .e ,
n o r th -c e n tr a l
A fg h a n is-
ta n ),
w h o a r e n o w e q u ip p e d w ith (S o \u2013
v ie t ) M l
rockets (sic), have absolute
s o v e r e ig n ty
o v e r
their area
a n d
h a v e
b e g u n th e ir o w n p la n o f la n d d is tr ib u \u2013
tio n
a n d
la n d
reform .
H o w e v e r , a l\u2013
th o u g h
K unduz,
B a g h la n
a n d
o th e r
agricultural centers are in the hands of
the freedom
fighters, the R ussians have
begun to burn the harvests and crops in
order to hurt the people. T hey continue
t o
w ip e
o u t
o r c h a r d s
a n d
d e s tr o y
v illa g e s
w ith
a r tille r y
fire and
a e r ia l
bom bardm ent.
" B e a u tifu l
Paghm an
h a s
been re\u2013
d u c e d t o r u b b le b y e n e m y la n d a n d a ir
a ssa u lts,
2
but governm ent and R ussian
fo r c e s
to o k
c o n s id e r a b le
lo s s e s .
A c-
cording to estim ates from severalso u r c \u2013
e s ,
enem y
c a s u a ltie s (a t
Paghm an)
reached 2,000, about 400 of th e m cadets
fr o m
th e
m ilita ry
academ y
a n d
a ir
fo r c e .
" it h a s b e c o m e m o r e d iffic u lt t o g e t
p assp orts. O f th ose w h o request perm is\u2013
s io n
to go abroad, only
sym pathizers
w ith
the regim e are granted
t h e p r iv i\u2013
lege, and even
they can only get pass-
ports to get to socialist countries, and
h a v e t o p a y 2 0 ,0 0 0 a fg h a n is (a p p r o x i\u2013
m a te ly S 4 0 0 ).
Prices have been soaring higher and
higher. For exam ple, tom atoes are 35
a fg h a n is a k ilo a n d o n io n s ,1 1 0
a fg h a n is
a
k ilo .
3
A lth o u g h
it is the season
fo r
grapes, m elons
a n d
peaches, yet their
p r ic e s a r e s o h ig h th a t p o o r p e o p le c a n 't
a ffo r d
t o
b u y th e m , in
C h a r ik a r a n d
m ost
parts of A fghanistan, prices are
determ ined
b y
th e
fr e e d o m
fig h te r s '
com m ittees,
i n
s h o r t,
th e
e c o n o m ic
situ a tio n
in
th is G o d -fo r sa k e n
la n d is
extrem ely bad.
"T he purchase and sale of real estate
is ,
a s
b e fo r e
(h is
la s t
letter), tightly
controlled by the governm ent, in return
fo r
p a y -o ffs,
p e o p le
w ho
are obscure
c a n
g e t
perm ission
fr o m
K had
(th e
A fghan K G B ) to sell their property, but
th e
p r o p e r tie s
o f
w e ll-k n o w n
p e o p le
w h o h a v e fle d
A fg h a n ista n
a r e b e in g
c o n fis c a te d
b y
the governm ent, etc.
" in
short, all
a ffa ir s
a r e
g e a r e d
tow ard the course of com m unism , and
p r o p a g a n d a
o n
b e h a lf o f M a r x is m
is
c o n tin u in g
w ith
th e
g r e a te st
p o ssib le
in te n sity .
H o w e v e r , a ll th e g o v e r n \u2013
m en t's
e ffo r ts
a r e
o p p o s e d
b y
th e
p o p u la tio n
w ith
in te n se
hatred. The
em pty
p r o p a g a n d a
o f th e
R u ssia n s
produces only the opposite of the results
they aim
fo r .
"M ost of the Parcham is
4
have also
becom e
aw are
o f
th e
r e a litie s o f th e
situ a tio n , b u t th ey
h a v e
n o
way to
escape and they
c a n n o t
th in k
of any
place where they could find refuge.... "
N otes:
1.
in
order to
m a in ta in
the A ction of
m erely aiding a sovereign governm ent,
Soviet personnel in thep a s td id
not operate
unaccom paniedb y A fghan troopso rp o lic e .
T h is c h a n g e in d ic a te s th e y n o lo n g e r tr u st
A fghan personnel.
2.in J u ly , S o v ie t fo r c e s la u n c h e d am a jo r
attack on thesum m er resort of Paghm an, 12
m iles from
Kabul, to dislodge resistance
forces. The A fghan
.A rm y, depleted by
m assive
desertions, used
teenage cadets,
r e p o r te d ly
in
th e v a n g u a r d ; in te r n a tio n a l
press reports estim ated the cadet \u0456 dead at
200 to3 0 0 .
inth e fa c e o fp u b lic o u tr a g e , th e
K arn:al regim e tookth e
unprecedented step
o f show inga num ber o f th e c a d e ts' b o d ie so n
K a b u l te le v is io n , h a ilin gth e m
as "m artyrs."
3 .B efore th eC om m unist takeover, A fgha\u2013
n ista n
w a s a fo o d -e x p o r tin g
country and
sum m er produce prices were typically 12
a fg h a n is a k ilo fo r to m a to e s , a n d 4 o r 5
a fg h a n is a k ilo fo r o n io n s .
4 .
The Parcham
fa c tio n
o f th e A fg h a n
Com m unist Party, headed by Babrak Kar\u2013
m a l. c u r r e n tly is in p o w e r in K a b u l.
B E R N , S w itz e r la n d
-
Over 500
r e lig io u s b e lie v e r s r e c e n tly to o k p a r t in
a
m e m o r ia l s e r v ic e
i n
th e
a n c ie n t
G eorgian capital of M tskheta to com \u2013
m em orate
th e
th ir d
a n n iv e r sa r y
of a
s e r ie s
o f
dem onstrations
d e m a n d in g
G e o r g ia n
c u ltu r a l,
r e lig io u s
a n d
n a \u2013
tional autonom y, reported
a Sw iss
in fo r m a tio n a g e n c y .
A c c o r d in g t o a n a c c o u n t p u b lis h e d in
K eston N ew s, the service took place in a
c it y
c a th e d r a l, w ith
s c o r e s
o f
p e o p le
gath ered ou tsid e th e b u ild in gt o listen to
the cerem onies over loudspeakers.
A fter local authorities cut off electri\u2013
c it y
t o
prevent the service from
b e in g
broadcast to the crow d outside, partici\u2013
p a n ts
b e g a n
s in g in g
tr a d itio n a l
r e li\u2013
gious hym ns. T hey w ere soon joined by
passers-by and, according to the Sw iss
agency, "people in the street began to
s in g u n til s o n g s c o u ld
be heard in the
w h o le c ity ."
D em onstrators dem anded
G e o r g ia n
n a tio n a l a u to n o m y
and an end to the
R u ssifica tio n
o f th e G e o r g ia n c u ltu r e .
M ore
p r o te s ts
fo llo w e d
for several
d a y s
a fte r
th e
se r v ic e
in
th e
p r e se n t
c a p ita l o f T b ilis i, c o in c id in g w ith G eo r\u2013
g ja n
C o m m u n is t
P a r ty
b o ss
E dw ard
S h e v a r n a d z e 's v is it t o th e U n iv e r s ity o f
K a ra va ns k y s p rote s t
b e a tin g o f P id s a d n y
PA R1S -
M y k h a ilo P id s a d n y , a 3 0 -
y e a r -o ld
F r e n c h
U k r a in ia n
w ho
h a s
r e p e a te d ly
o ffe r e d
to exchange
h is
fr e e d o m
for the release of Yuriy Shu\u2013
khevych, son
o f th e la te R o m a n S h u \u2013
k h e v y c h ,
c o m m a n d e r -in -c h ie f
o f
th e
U k r a in ia n in s u r g e n t A rm y ( U P A ), w h o
h a s b e e n im p r is o n e d
in S o v ie t c a m p s
fo r
n e a r ly
3 0
years, was attacked
b y
unknow n
a ssa ila n ts
o n
th e
n ig h t
o f
A ugust 4, according to U krainske Slovo
w h ic h is p u b lis h e d h e r e .
M r . P id s a d n y w a s c o n n e d o u t o f h is
hom e, forced into a car and taken to a
w ooded area outside the city where he
w a s b e a t e n , b o u n d w ith w ir e a n d le ft in
th is c o n d itio n .
Form er political prisoners Sviatoslav
a n d
N in a
Strokata-K aravansky
h a v e
is s u e d
a strongly worded
statem ent
c o n d e m in g
th e a c tio n
a n d
c a llin g fo r
a p p r o p r ia te a c tio n
to b e ta k e n b y th e
U k r a in ia n
com m unity
in
r e s p o n s e
t o
such provocation. They urge that letters
be sent to theF r e n c h governm enti n this
m a tte r , th a t K G B p r o v o c a tio n
a n d
a g ita tio n b e o u tr ig h tly c o n d e m n e d a n d
th a t a c tiv ity
in
d e fe n s e
o f U k r a in ia n
political prisoners be stepped up.
T b ilis i.
Protesters dem anded
t o
m eet
w ith the party secretary to discuss the
d e m a n d s fo r c u ltu r a l a u to n o m y o u tlin \u2013
e d
in
a
p e titio n
is s u e d
b y
th e
1 9 7 8
dem onstrators, but their request was
d e n ie d .
Soviet G eorgia has been the scene of
recent unrest, particularly am ong stu\u2013
d en ts,w ho have dem anded that steps be
ta k e n
to ensure
th e s u r v iv a l o f th e
G e o r g ia n
la n g u a g e a n d c u ltu r e in th is
fie r c e ly
in d e p e n d e n t-m in d e d
r e p u b lic
o f 5 m illio n .
E arlier th is year, th ou san d s of G eor\u2013
gians took to the streets in T bilisii n tw o
separate dem onstrations to protest the
S o v ie t
governm ent's
R u ssifica tio n
(C o n tin u e do np a g e 3 )
O g o ro d n ik o v s ta g e s
h u n g e r s trik e
O R A N G E ,C a lif. -
A le x a n d e r O go\u2013
r o d n ik o v , th e 3 0 -y e a r -o ld
r e lig io u s
activist currently serving a term
of six
y e a r s
in
a
P erm
la b o r
cam p
t o
b e
fo llo w e d
by five years' internal exile, is
n o w
in
th e
s ix t h
m o n th
of a
h u n g e r
s tr ik e
t o
protest the
refusal of cam p
a u th o r itie s t o p r o v id e h im w ith a B ib le ,
according to K eston N ews.
M r. Ogorodnikov was sentenced on
September 5, 1980, for
a lle g e d a n ti-
Soviet activity. A t the tim e ofh is arrest,
he w as serving a one-year sentence for
"parasitism ," although. M oscow
d issi\u2013
dent sources insisted that his arrest w as
th e r e su lt o f h is r e lig io u s w o r k , w h ic h
in c lu d e d
o r g a n iz in g
C h ristia n
y o u th
se m in a r s in th e S o v ie t c a p ita l a n d th e
p u b lic a tio n
of a
r e lig io u s jo u r n a l.
A ccording to K eston, M r.O gorodni\u2013
k o v
is a p p a r e n tly
being force
fed by
a u th o r itie s fo r it
s e e m s u n lik e ly th a t h e
c o u ld s u r v iv e n e a r ly
180 days without
som e type of m edical assistance.
viadim ir Poresh, who was sentenced
in
A pril 1980 to five years in a strict-
regim en cam p and threey e a r s ' internal
e x ile , is
a ls o
r e p o r te d ly
o n
a
h u n g e r
s tr ik e in a n o th e r la b o r c a m p in P e r m .
P r io r t o h is a r r e s t, h e w a s in v o lv e d
w ith o r g a n iz in g C h r is tia n s e m in a r s a n d
p u b lis h in gr e lig io u s m a te r ia l a lo n g w ith
M r. O gorodnikov.
M ost recently, the R ev. G leb Y aku\u2013
n in ,
a ls o s e r v in g a fiv e -y e a r la b o r c a m p
te r m
t o
b e fo llo w e d
b y
fiv e
y e a r s '
in te r n a l
e x ile ,
to ld
cam p
o ffic ia ls
in
Perm that he w ill begin a fast if a B ible,
w hich w as confiscated
o n h is a r r iv a l a t
the cam p, is not returned.
U k r a in ia n W e e HY
FOU N DE D
1 9 3 3
U k r a in ia nw e e k ly n e w s p a p e r p u b lis h e d b y th e U k r a in ia nN a tio n a l A s s o c ia tio n ln c . a
fra te rn a l n o n p ro fit a s s o c ia tio n , a t 3 0
M o n tg o m e ry S t.. J e rs e yC ity . N J . 0 7 3 0 2
T h e W e e k ly a n d S v o b o d a :
(2 0 1 ) 4 3 4 -0 2 3 7 , 4 3 4 -0 8 0 7
(2 1 2 ) 2 2 7 -4 1 2 5
U N A;
(2 0 1 ) 4 5 1 -2 2 0 0
(2 1 2 ) 2 2 7 -5 2 5 0
Y e a r ly
s u b s r ip tio n
ra te
-
S8; UNA
m e m b e rs
-
S 5 .
P o s tm c s te r, s e n d a d d re s s c h a n g e s to :
TH E
U K R A IN IA N
W EEKLY
P 0
B ox 3 4 6
Jersey D ty. N J
0 7 3 0 3
E d ito r : R o m a
S och a n H a d ze w y cz
A s s is ta n t e d ito r s : lk a
K ozna rs k a C a s a nova
G e org e
Bohdan Zarycky
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