Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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Grammar Exercise 7
___X___ 1. it ___C___ 2. ___X___ 3. its ___X___ 4. their ___X___ 5. those ___X___ 6. its ___X___ 7. our ___X___ 8. that ___X___ 9. their ___C___ 10. ___X___ 11. their ___X___ 12. they
Practice Test 1
(The TOEFL iBT does not use the letters A, B, C, and D for the multiple-choice items. However, in these answer keys, A corresponds to the first answer choice, B to the second, C to the third, and D to the fourth.)
Reading
Bioluminescence
Answer 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C Explanation Paragraph 1 says, The only groups that do not display bioluminescence are freshwater fish, mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and leafy plants. According to paragraph 2, bioluminescence compares favorably in (energy) efficiency with fluorescent lighting. Eerie means strange, unusual, mysterious. Choice C is best because paragraph 3 says that the phenomenon of milky seas (caused by the disturbance of dinoflagellates) occurs when a ship moves through tropical waters at night. Tropical waters are close to the equator and would there-
5. 6.
ANSWER KEY
7.
Modern Times
Answer 14. A 15. C Explanation Paragraph 1 explains, the films main concerns are those of millions of people at the time: unemployment, poverty, and economic oppression. In paragraph 1 the author says, Chaplin was motivated to make the film by a journalist who, while interviewing him, happened to describe working conditions in industrial Detroit. Gags are jokes or funny situations. Paragraph 2 says, While there is no dialogue, there is music and sound effects, such as the roar of machinery and the scream of factory whistles. Paragraph 3 indicates that Only about one-third of Modern Times takes place inside a futuristic factory. Two-thirds of the movie must, therefore, take place outside the factory. The word This refers to the scene in which the Tramp is strapped onto the assembly line and the automatic feeding machine throws food at him. The word nightmarish means terrifying, frightening. (A nightmare is a bad dream.) The fact that the Tramp loses his mind when the speed of the assembly line is increased (paragraph 3), that the attendants who take him away are wearing white coats (paragraph 3), and that the doctor dismisses him by telling him to take it easy (paragraph 4) all indicate that the Tramp is taken to a mental hospital. The doctor tells the Tramp to Take it easy and avoid excitement, but for the rest of the film the
8.
9. 10.
11.
12.
22. B
23.
32. 33.
24. 25.
34. 35.
36. 37.
38.
26.
Balloon-Frame Houses
Answer 27. A 28. A 29. D
30. C 31. D
39.
11. B, A, C
12. B
13. A
ANSWER KEY
14.
Listening
Answer 1. B 2. A Explanation Ted tells the professor, Im working on the campus newspaper and . . . and I need to get over there right after class for a meeting . . . Teds intonation when he says, I dont know what to say indicates that he is surprised that Professor Jacobs is asking him to take part in the reading. I dont know what to say might indicate confusion (Choice D) but Ted is not upset; he is happy and flattered (pleased) to be asked. Ted says, Id really like to read the first two or three chapters of this novel Ive been working on . . . Ted thought that Professor Jacobs didnt like his poem Northern Lights because the professor didnt say much about it when Ted read it in class. However, the Professor says that he quite liked it, but he wanted to hear what the other students in class thought of it. Therefore, we can infer that choice B is correct; the professor sometimes doesnt express his feelings about his students work in class. Professor Jacobs says, Drop by my office sometime this week and well figure out which poems you should read. Dana tells Ms. Fong, I really have no money for living expenses, so, uh, thats why Im hoping to land a part-time job . . . Ms. Fong explains that there are two types of workstudy jobs, needs-based and merit-based, and that needs-based positions are the ones funded by the government. Therefore, merit-based positions must not receive government funding. When Ms. Fong mentions the tour-guide job, Dana says Really? Wow, that sounds fabulous. She does not want a job in a cafeteria (A) and Ms. Fong does not suggest that she work either as a receptionist (B) or as a lab technician (C).
3. A 4. B
5. C 6. A 7. D
15. B, E
8. D
16. D
An igloo is the only type of traditional domeshaped house built without interior support, so the first phrase should be marked No. The professor says that Inuit used knives made of bone or ivory to cut wind-packed snow into blocks, so the second phrase should be marked Yes. The third phrase should be marked Yes because, according to the professor, the entrance tunnel to the igloo was dug out so that it was lower than the igloo floor. The professor claims that an igloo was strong enough to support the weight of a man standing on top of it, but this would not have been part of the normal construction process; therefore, the fourth phrase should be marked No. The Inuit used a lamp to melt a little of the interior of the igloo and then let the water refreeze, forming a layer of ice. This made the igloo stronger. The fifth phrase should therefore be marked Yes. According to the professor, the Inuit held dances and wrestling matches and their famous singing competitions in these larger igloos, so answers A, C, and D are all true. There was no mention in the lecture that larger igloos were used as multi-family houses (although the lecture does say that five or more families lived in igloos built in clusters, in several small igloos built close together). There is no mention of using igloos for storage. The professor says that in the 1950s, the Inuit began living in permanent housing and only used igloos when they went on overnight hunting trips.
29. B, C 30. C
31. B
32. B
33. A
34.
The professor says that, as the final step of hail formation, the hailstone gets so heavy that the updrafts cant lift it anymore, so it drops out of the cloud and . . . bingo, youve got hail! Therefore, you should mark the first sentence Yes. You should
Writing
Integrated Writing Task
Responses for this task will vary, but should include the following: The main point of the article is that unnecessary risktaking is illogical, and in its extreme forms, pathological (caused by mental illness). The speaker, however, believes that risk-taking is sometimes necessary and can even be beneficial. The article states that there is a universal risk-taking personality. In other words, some people take risks in all aspects of their lives. The speaker disagrees with this idea. He says that some people take risks in one area of their lives but not in others. He gives the example of an investment banker who makes safe investments but who risks his life by racing motorcycles on weekends. The article says people who take extreme risks are motivated by suicidal tendencies. However, the speaker thinks that most people who take risks believe that nothing terrible will happen to them. He gives the example of motorcycle racers who never think they will be involved in accidents. The article says that there is no reward for taking risks. The speaker contradicts this idea as well. He says that for some people, there are physical rewards that come from chemicals such as adrenaline that are released when someone takes risks. There may also be psychological rewards. According to research studies, risk-takers tend to be more confident and more successful financially and socially.
Speaking
Independent Speaking Tasks
Answers for these two tasks will vary.
ANSWER KEY
Practice Test 2
Reading
Lichens
Answer 1. C Explanation The author emphasizes in Paragraph 1 that lichens can live in many environments and gives examples (tropical rain forests, hot springs, mountain tops, deserts, the Arctic, Antarctica, etc.). It is true that lichens grow in cold places (choice A), such as Antarctica, but they also grow in hot places such as tropical rain forests and hot springs. It is true that lichens grow in remote places (B), but they also grow in cities. And it is true that lichens grow on rocks (D), but they also grow on other surfaces such as farmers fenceposts. The word secrete means produce, especially, to produce a liquid. Paragraph 2 says that lichens contribute to the process of weathering, which creates soil. This property enables lichens to be pioneers, according to the article, beginning the process of soil formation that allows mosses, ferns, and other plants to later take root. Choice A best summarizes the sentence. The original sentence says that many people associate
2. B 3. C
4. A