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У к р а їн с ь к и й
Щ
о д е н н и к
Р ІК
Ц І.
т
Ч .
9 3 .
-
U k r a in ia n
D a ily
"W M L
U L
N ow
9 S .
*
Щ
)е Ш
к г а іп іа п
D ed icated
t o
th e
needs and
in t e r e s t
o f
y o u n g
A m e r ic a n s
o f
U k r a in ia n
d e s c e n t.
N o.
1 9
N EW
Y O R K
a n d
JE R S E Y
C IT Y . S A T U R D A Y , M A Y
13, 1944
VOL. Х П
TO THE PARENTS OF THE YOUNGEST
G E N E R A T IO N
-
v
-
M o th e r's D a y
to m o rro w
b rin g s
t o
o u r m in d
th e
th o u g h t
U K R A IN IA N
E N G L IS H
GRAM M AR
A P P E A R S
C L E V E L A N D
O B S E R V E S
U .N .A .
J U B IL E E
і A
U k r a in ia n
gram m ar
in
E n g lis h
T n
e
C le v e la n d
U n ited
B r a n c h e s
o f
h a s
r e c e n t ly
a p p e a r e d
in
C anada.
Itі th e
U k r a in ia n
N a tio n a l
A ssociation
is the w ork
o f
E lla s S h k ia n k a , M . A .I c e le b r a te d
th e
g o ld e n
ju b ile e
o f
th e
( C h i c a g o ) ; h a s 8 5 p a g e s , p r ic e $ 1 .5 0 ,! U .N .A .
o n
S u n d a y ,
A p r il
3 0 ,
1 9 4 4 ,
a n d
is p u b lis h e d b y
th e
P r o m in
P u b -
a t
th e
U k r a in ia n
N a tio n a l
H om e
a t
that the U krainian Am ericans m others of today
are no longer;^B h in g
c o m p a n y , W in n ip e g , .M a n ito b a ,
2 2 5 3
W eflt
1 4 th
St, reports Stella
lim ited
t o
th e
o ld e r
g e n e r a t i o n ,
b u t
th a t
b y
n o w
t h e r e
a r e\ C anada.
P a llv o d a ,
s e c r e t a r y
o f
th e
ju b ile e
a
great m any of them
w ho but yesterday, it seem s, w ere
p a r tJ-
in
a
fo rew o rd
to
it
th e
a u th o r c o m m itte e .
n f
th a t
" T T lrra m iftn
A m e r ic a n
Y n n th "
a b o u t
w h ic h
я о
m uch
w rites that, "the purpose of this work
T h e a ll d a y
a ffa ir
was appropriate
l
y
w ritten
a n d
s n o k e n
a n d
u n o n
w h ic h
s o
m anv
ir r e a t
hoD es
ш
t o
p r e 8 e n t
th e
P ^ ip le s
o f
U k-
ly begun by m asses for the hvm g and
W as w ritten
a n a
spoK en, ana
u p o n
w nacn
SO . m a n y
g r e a t
n o p e slin iM
1
gram m ar
i n
^g ] is h
fo r
th o 8 €
d e a d
m em bers of
th e
A ssociation
a t
w ere
a n d
a r e
S till
b e in g
p la c e d .
T o d a y
th is
y o u th
( s o r r y !
w ho
w o u ld
,ik e
to. le a r n
th e
ц ь ,^ .
S t.
P eter
a n d
P a u l
C hurch
a n d
S t
i t
S h o u ld
b e
c a p ita liz e d !)
o f
y e s t e r d a y
i s
m ore
a p p r o p r i a t e l yj ia n
la n g u a g e .
I t
i s
h o p e d
th a t
V la d im ir 's
O rthodox
C hurch.
r e f e r r e d
t o
a s
th e
y o u n g e r
g e n e r a t i o n .
M oreover,
i t
h a s
a l-
th e
gram m ar
w ill
m eet
th e
d e-1
b i
th e
a fte r n o o n
a n
a n n iv e r s a r y
r e a d y
p r o d u c e d
w hat
m ig h t
lU S t a s
a p p r o p r ia te ly
b e
c a lle d
th e
m and
o f
b o th
U k r a in ia n s
a n d
n o n -j d in n e r
w as
h e ld .
G u ests,
w ho
num -
v o u n f r e a t
v e n e r a t i o n -
І
e
th e
c h ild r e n
o f
th e
V O U n eer
e e n e r a -
U k r a in ia n s ;
t o
th e
form er
d e s ir in gI b e r e d
a b o u t
fiv e
h u n d r e d ,
w ere
en -
y o u n g e s t
g e n e r a t i o n
1. Є ., tn e
С П Іщ геП
OI tne
y o u n g e r
g e n e r a
t Q
g a in
a
p r o fic ie n c y
m
th e
ia n g u a g e ;
te r ta in e d
b y a c h ild r e n 's c h o r u s , r e c i-
tlO n — th e
g r a n d c h ild r e n
Of the
O lder
g e n e r a t i o n .
,
ftn d
t o
th e
,a tte r
^
8 Ь
ш
&
^
g e t
^
ta tio n s
a n d
b y
s o lo s
su n g
b y
M iss
T he
p r e s e n c e
O f
th is
y o u n g e s t
g e n e r a t i o n
U pon
th e
S c e n e• u n d e r sta n d in g
o f
i t "
E la in e
M ural and
M iss
M ary
B o y k o .
O f
U k r a in ia n
A m e r ic a n
l i f e
І 8
b e c o m in g
d a ily
m ore
e v id e n t,j
T he
b o o k
a ls o
c o n ta in s a
l e t t e r
t oj U k r a in ia n fo lk
dances were presented
T h ese
C h ild r e n
a r e
s e e n
a n d
h e a r d
(m ostly
h e a r d ,
fo r -c h ild r e n
M r. S h k ia n k a
fr o m
o n e
o f
th e
fo r e -'b y
a
g r o u p
o f
y o u n g
A m e r ic a n s
o f
a r e
traditional dissenters
of the
O ld -fo lk s'
a d a g e
th a t
" c h ild r e n
m ost
a u th o r itie s
o n
t t e
U k r a in ia n
U k r a in ia n
d e a c ^ t
Т Г
** , ,
•,
L i_
j» v
•
u
t
J
•
„ «
,-„ u
la n g u a g e ,
P r o f.
I v a n
O h ie n k o , w r it-
A m o n g th e m a n y
prom inent speak-
S h o u ld
b e
s e e n
a n d
n o t
h e a r d
)
m
C hurches
a n a
v a r io u s
p u b ->
te n
ffo m
W ar8aw
in 1 9 3 8 in w h ic h h e
ers were Nicholas M uraszko, Suprem e
І І С
fu n c tio n s
o f
a
U k r a in ia n
A m e r ic a n
n a t u r e .
n o te d
th a t
h e
h a d
* 'r e a d
a ll
y o u r
P r e s id e n t
o f
th e
U .N .A .,
M iss
G .
O ne
c a n n o t
h e lp
but wonder, when
g a z in g
u p o n
t h e s e
t o t s ,
(S h k la n k a 's )
w ork
w ith
great pleas-
Zepko, Suprem e Advisor, M ajor W al-
e ith e r
a t
hom e
О Г
І П
p u b lic ,
w hether,
W hen
th ey
g r o w
u p
in to
u re
a s
I n o tic e d
th a t
y o u
h a v e
w ell
te r
S h e g d a
w ho
h a d
ju st
r e tu r n e d
y O U th h o o d
О Г
a d u lth o o d ,
th ey
W ill t a k e
a n y
i n t e r e s t
І П
U k r a in -
* * *
th o r o u g h ly
m astered
o u r lite r a r y
' ™
*
€
"
^
^
f
.
, . -
. ,
Л
l i _
- ї ї
4. і
л
;* „
л „*;л „
~ ~ A
la n g u a g e ,
w h ic h
m astery
i s
w ell
r e .
Frances Bolton, Congiessm en
M ic h a e l
ia n
A m erican
life , w h e th e r th e y
w ill t a k e o v e r
i t s
d u tie s a n d
fle c° e (j j nt hj g
gram m ar''
* * * * * * * *
responsibilities, as well as benefits
a n d
p riv ile g e s , a n d
g iv e
i t
^ M o th e r
th e
c o n te n t a n d fo rm
best suited
t o
th e m , o r w h e th e r b y
th e n
th e y
w ill h a v e
d rifte d
aw ay
fro m
it c o m p le te ly , le a v in g
it to
lo s e
i t s
in d iv id u a lity , id e n tity
a n d
v a lu e , a n d
becom e
lo s t
in
the shuffle
of th e c o n s ta n tly
c h a n g in g
A m erican
s c e n e .
No one who
h a s p u t a n y th in g a t a ll in to th e
d e v e lo p m e n t
of Ukrainian
A m erican
life , to g e th e r
w ith
all its
in s titu tio n s
a n d
o r g a n i z a t i o n s ,
c a n
r e g a r d
w ith
e q u a n im ity
s u c h
a
p o s s ib il
i t y
Of this
l i f e
p e t e r i n g
OUt Of existence
W hen
th e
p r e s e n t
O lder
ten, that the virtues of m others shall
and younger generation pass off the stage of life.
F o r U k ra in -
b e
^ ^ o n ^ th ^ ^ c W l^ j^ w e ll
ia n
A m erican
l i f e
represents too much
t o
b e a llo w e d
t o
com e:
~ _ _
** -
t o
s u c h
a
s o r r y
a n d
p re m a tu re -e n d .
M oreover,
i t
i s
o n e
o fІ
д ц
th a t
x
a m
o r
h o p e
t o
^
j
the finest features of the "A m erican
w ay
of life," in fact it is
ow e
t o
m y
m oth e r.~ -L in c o !n .
the very
in c a rn a tio n
o f
it, fo r o n ly
i n
a
f r e e
a n d
d e m o c ra tic !
la n d
is it p o s s ib le fo r a n e th n ic g ro u p , s u c h
a s th e U k ra in ia n , |
t o
u n ite
i t s e l f , to pool its com m on resources, talents, and
c u l-1
tu ra l
heritage, and
t o
s t r i v e
t o
m ake
i t s e l f
o f
service to
th e
N e w W o rld a n d
a credit to the O ld W orld.
A s such, therefore,
it should
be supported and
d e v e lo p e d
as m uch
a n d
a s lo n g a s
p o s s ib le .
T he
o ld e r
g e n e ra tio n
h a s
a lr e a d y
d o n e
i t s
d u ty
i n
th is
r e s p e c t.
T h e y o u n g e r g e n e ra tio n
is n o w
i n
th e
process of do
in g
its share, although, to be sure, this process has been
now +
in te rru p te d
t o
q u ite
a
d e g re e
b y
th e
v ita l
n e c e s s ity
fo r
a n
all-out effort
o n
th e
p a r t
o f
everyone to
w in
th is
w ar.
S till
there are enough
of the younger generation
at hom e who
c a n
devote at least a little" spare tim e to
U k ra in ia n
A m erican
lif e .
E s p e c ia lly
i s
th is a p p lic a b le
t o
th o s e
w ho
a re
closest to
th e
y o u n g e s t g e n e ra tio n , p rim a rily
th e
p a re n ts
o f
th e s e
c h ild re n
w ho
c o n s titu te
th e
y o u n g e s t
g e n e ra tio n .
T h e irs
i s
d u ty
t o
g ra d u a lly
in te re s t th e ir g ro w in g c h ild re n
in U k ra in ia n
A m eri
c a n
l i f e .
There are any num ber of w ays in w hich
th e y
can do this.
O ne
w h ic h
o c c u rs
t o
us, is to
h a v e
th e ir
c h ild re n — th o s e
o f
th e m
w ho
a re
o ld
e n o u g h ,
o f
c o u rs e ,— to
a tte n d
U k ra in ia n
c h u r c h s e rv ic e s a s w e ll a s v a r io u s p u b lic fu n c tio n s o f a U k ra in
ian A m erican character.
A side from
th e re lig io u s , c u ltu ra l, a n d
s o c ia l b e n e fits th e y w ill d e riv e fro m
such attendance, they
a ls o
w ill
becom e
g ra d u a lly
im pressed
a n d
perm eated
w ith
th e
snirit of U krainian
A m erican
life,„w ith th e idea
th a t
h e r e
i s
F e ig h a n
a n d
G eorge
B e n d e r ,
F a th e r
G reshko,
F a th e r
B ilo n
a n d
m any
o th e r s
w ho
a r e
a c tiv e
in a n d
a r o u n d
C le v e la n d .
A
dance ^n
th e
e v e n in g
en d ed
th e
d a y 's
f e s t i v i t i e s .
G od
c o u ld
n o t
b e
everyw h ere,
a n d '
b
1
c h a r g e
o f
th e
a ffa ir
w ere
D .
th e r e fo r e
h e
m ade
m oth ers.-A rab
S z m a g a la , A d v is o r
o f
th e
U .N A .
N .
i_
Z a d e r e c k y , G . H ir n ia k , K . G a b r iw s k a ,
У
8
*
G . K is il, S . P a liv o d a
a n d
P . O lc h o v y .
I th in k
it m ust be som ewhere writ-
A ssistin g
were W . W olansky, M . Da-
ru s
a n d
S .
M o r o ^ o v ic h .
to o
late to let her know
th a t h e
s e e s
it.— W . D . H o w ell* .
A
fa th e r m a y
tu rn
his back
o n
h is
c h ild ;
b r o th e r s
a n d
s is t e r s
m ay
b e-
A
m an
n e v e r
s e e s
a ll
th a t
h is
com e
in v e te r a te
enem ies;
h u s b a n d s
m other
h a s
b e e n
t o
h im
u n til
i t ' s
(C o n c lu d e d
o n
p a g e
5 )
tu r a l in d iv id u a lity
of its
o w n ; w h ic h
s t r i v e s
t o
c u ltiv a te
i t s
U k ra in ia n h e rita g e a n d in tro d u c e its fin e st e le m e n ts in to A m e ri
c a n
life , ju s t a s is b e in g d o n e b y
the peoples
i n
th is
c o u n try
w ho
a re
o f
A n g lo -S a x o n ,
Jew ish,
P o lis h ,
S c a n d in a v ia n ,
o r
o th e r e x tra c tio n s ; w h ic h s triv e s to a id th e U k ra in ia n s in
th e ir
n a tiv e ,
w ar-to rn
a n d
fo re ig n -o c c u p ie d
U k ra in e
i n
th e ir
c e n
turies-old struggle to win their national freedom ; and to w hich,
i t
i s
w o rth
n o tin g , o n e 's
a tta c h m e n t
c o n s ta n tly
g ro w s
w ith
th e
p a s s a g e
of years, no
m atter
w hat
in te rn a l
d iffe re n c e s
o r
q u a rre ls
m ay
e r u p t
a t
tim es.
O n c e th e c h ild re n
get this idea fairly
fix e d
in
th e ir m in d s
th a t th e
U k ra in ia n
A m erican
life is their
life, the
product of
th e ir
g r a n d p a r e n ts '
a n d
p a r e n ts '
w o rk
a n d . sacrifices,
t o
b e
handed down to them
as part of their heritage, to develop and
g u id e
i t s
destinies for the common
g o o d
o f
th e ir
n a tiv e
la n d
A m erica
a n d
th e
la n d
o f
th e ir
d e s c e n t,
U k ra in e ,
o n c e
th e y
g e t
i t ,
th e
fu tu re
o f
U k ra in ia n
A m erican
l i f e ,
i t s
c h u r c h e s , in s titu tio n s , o rg a n iz a tio n s , id e a ls a n d a im s , w ill b e m a d e s e c u re fo r
s till a n o th e r
g e n e ra tio n .
A tte n d a n c e b y th e s e
c h ild re n w ith
th e ir
parents or some
o n e
e ls e
close to
th e m
o f
U k ra in ia n
A m erican
re lig io u s
a n d
public affairs, is an im portant step tow ard
u ltim ately
in te re s t
in g th e m
in U k ra in ia n
A m e ric a n life.
But, it m ust be preceded
(1 )
p ro p e r
u p b rin g in g
at hom e, and
(2 )
p ro p e r e d u c a tio n
o f
sp irit _
a
srro u p — la rg e
or sm all
i s
b e s id e
th e
p o in t— w h ic h
i s
o f
a
c^m m ondescent
a n d
id e a ls , w h ic h
th o u g h
fu lly
A m erican
i n
th e
child in the U krainian
la n g u a g e .
the best sense of
the w ord
stilr h as
a
c e rta in
racial and
c u l*
(T o
b e c o n c lu d e d )
U :
\
2
U K R A IN IA N
W EEKLY,
SATURDAY, MAY
13. 1944
N o.m
• '*
' "
щ щ т гт т т щ т ш іт щ ,і
M U X.
" > i'
"
m
i —
—
—
m
""» "•
P le a d s
F or
a
F ree
U k ra in e
(E d ito r 's
N o & y --
" T h e -— J ? e tr o it.th e
JE aU
of A nstrtB -H ungary: ІЛ -
ODYSSEY OP A MERCHANT SEAM ANI
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•
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(E d ito r V N o t e : T h e fo llo w in gs t o r y
1
;G erm an
p la n e s b a d
d r o p e d .
A
fe w
r e la te s
afe w
o /th e
E x p e r ie n c e s
ofI seconds later all bell'seem ed tobresJc*
Basil Demydchuk. M erchant Seam anJ loose whena flighto f Heinkels W
l
i f
ew a
.# £ .
* * ? *
* ?
e
* !f
™
n
*
u C
* * f
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^
tf *
*
^ *
5
19-year-old son of Dr.and M rs.Sem en
r o a r in g in a m id it th e in c e s s a n t c h a t - p
* * * * * * *
*tu? Й
ї и
У
Ї ^
^
'
* * *
* * *
^
D em ydchuk
o f
2 1 1 6
і
1 7 th
street; 'ter Of tne 20 mm. guns and the roar M ^*"'' °°
th e
Р
° Й
*
^
r c b l
" lД
Included in the P olish and G erm an
B r o o k ly n ,
N .Y .,
w ho
h a s
ju st
1
r e - \6 t
the 3"inch
A .A . g u n s .
T he
fi^ e j^ V
л *
?
U m
^ t
f*& **°*
іg r o u p s
w ere
a p p r o x im a te ly
1 2 .8
p er
turned from
afour m onth trip to the\ tights were so brilliant that for awm leI£ *
1С 1І
*
a
f l °
U
Lf *1^П
^ ° ЇЇІі
c e n t
o fn h e
Jew ish
Р < > Р ^ ^ іо п . T h e
M editerranean
a fte r
v is itin g
Italy,! they w ell nigh blinded the gunners o f - І * * ? ^
o f
™
i ™
1
"^ J* na^arpused;p u r ei y
P o lis h
s to c k
d id
n o t
e x c e e d
S ic ily a n d A fr ic a .)
-
our ships.
P
» ^
f
C
° *£ 'V
t o
, Р
е г х ш
/.J ,
h e
1 2 3 .6
per cent of the total population,
p u b lic a tio n
o f
a d d itio n a l
c o n tr ib u - B u j a t m a in ta in e d .
d o n s'f r o m
le a d e r s o n
b o th
s id e so f
W; * » , « .v A
^ u ..,^
л* * .» .
^
і
* кл
L C L ti^ . и
fm ,„a
. „
« .и л
т т ^«в ««
W lth
tn e
collapse of the dual m on-
th e q u e stio n .
T h u s fa r
th e
U k r a in - . „ г , . ,
•» .«
т п ,« « 7 -* ~ .» ..
.•
*L I
І —
J 2 ™ ~ i« * u t-u o ^ U
*«и „,^і*.; *И Ь У .
th e
U k r a in ia n s
i n
th is
a r e a
W e left the States last Januaryi n
a
convoy escorted
by destroyers and
S h o o t
D ow n
T w o " N a z is
The tracer bulletso f the'20 m nu's
«
tu u ,^
" v "« « «
«/M
TO« v /^ w e
« « «
* « ^
« » v » .
M
^ .v ^
V i
v * * ^
~ v" " "
іia n
v ie w n o in t
has beeh
c o n trib u te d ^ to P
?
*
v
'
7
'
~ ~ * « " « « » * « >
ш
iu »
tm »
patrol planes.
A board
m y ship w ere! seem ed to reach out to pluck at thet fr^ u w il™
«Г ^:^
тл ьп
а .л ч .1і declared
th e ir
in d e p e n d e n c e ,
a n di n
tr o o p s .
T h ey
s le p t
i nth efo r w ir d la ita c k fo g
i> la n e * ' * u t
th e
p la n e sf^ :* ^ ^ ^ ' * tt£ *d e f a c e d
b v ^
W f^в "*
1
* '* ^ І в - eetabliehed the W est-
holds in which they were prettyw elf; seem ed
alw ays* to
e lu d e
th o se'fie r y p
u
* " * £•
? „ 'м
дяГ Т
т ь «
io w J
e r a
U k r a in ia n R e p u b lic
On January
" І Г
1 1
*
1
-
.
«
,
і&
g e r a
°
fd ea
i-
h
; .
S u
i
d e n ly
° ° !°
f
&
•S
B
S
І£
»»L lS ^ c S £ b £і
2 2
', J ,
9 1
*
a 1 1
•" ta r ta n
te r r ito r ie s
T he
w eather
w as c o m p a r a tiv e ly
p la n e s
w as
h ita n d
a s its t r e a k e d
* 7
v j.
v ,
• • • • •»«•«»• *»«••«««
ju n ite d
in to
o n e
n a tio n a l
s t a t e ,
th e
w arm
a ll th e
w ay,
w ith
th e
troops*! d ow n w ard
infla m es i t п Ч егаЙ у
1
tH s-:
у д п
1 W
°
. .
.
|U k r a fe ia fl R e p u b lic . I t in c lu d e d E a s t -
su n n in g
them selves
o n
d e c k
during [integrated
a s th e
g a s o lin e 'ta n k s 'e x -
T he
Versailles statesm an
w h o * ^ j ern G a lic ia a n d V o lh y n ia , h e ld b y P o -
m o sto f th e tr ip . S p in tT w e r e ' Q u ^
P ^ ^ jM n e :^
'
-
h ig h
all th etim e.
In a r o u n d
theiand It screeched tew arfl thes ^
£ r ^n ^ ^ ^
± Г е г Г /Г „^ ^ ^ ^ ^
c o n s id e r e d
dangerous on
a c c o u n t
oi| been hit by bom bs from
s te m
to stern| R u m a n ia
_ ^ a jto r ]
c r e a tin g
4a5m ir io r ^\^ °
n w as
^
s s
th a n
h a lf
o fth e
^ k ^ *
1
-
lu r k in g
subm arines
"The Sock
a n d
w a s b u r n in g r a p id ly .
A
life b o a t
it y
p r o b le m
in e a c h n a tio n :
ian> population, refused
t or e c o g n iz e
c o u ld
b ed i s c e r n e d
b r e a k in g
iw a y ," ''* " ™ "
"' ~ ~ "
« - • • • - • -
-(the national rightso f Ukrainiansi n
Ifr o m
the stricken ship but it was cutI
T he
U k r a in ia n q u e s tio n w a s o n eo fth e form er
A u strian
E m p ir e .
A r r iv in g
a tG ib r a lta r s ix t e e n
days down and
su n k
by a
h a il
o f N a z i'
th em
* j°
r
p r o b le m s o f p r e w a r P o la n d !
a fte r
le a v in g
th e S ta te s
Ih a d
m y
m a c h in e
g u n
bullets before
i t tr a v -l
I f ci s
tQ day a Р Р Ц
1
* of discord between
fir s t o p p o r tu n ity
o fs e e in g
the m as- ersed"m ore than
ahundred yards.
s f a
1
a n d
P o la fc c fc
s iv e
G ib r a lta r
Rock, or sim ply
Ч иє
T n is
fie r y
turm oil, however, came<
D e p r iv e d
of a
u n ite d
U k r a in ia n
a ll
th e m ore
fa sc in a tin g ,
w ith
t h e ja b o u t
4 5
mi n ut ea
Ї А
a ll, a lth o u g h
itr nazism .
They all are
r e p r e s e n te di n
O ffers R ejected
W ar broke out betw een Poland and
th e U k r a in ia n
R e p u b lic .
T he
:
A U ied
r o c k
a s it isc o m m o n ly
know n.
I tto a n
en d
ju st
^s a b r u p tlv
a 8it, h a d
sU te;
U k r a in ia n s
-throughon*' therC ouncIl
o ffe r e d
f t s
m e d ia tio n ,b u t
c e r ta in ly
p r e s e n te d
a n
a w e -in s p ir in g
started, when
A m e r ic a n
a n d
F ren ch ! w o r ld
o r g a n is e d
num erous
P o H tic a l1 P o la M ii ^j e o t e d
^
a Wchoffer* andin-
and beauttful spectacle. Since our ar-j
fig h te r
pla n fe 5
f r o m
A frica
cam e
v
rdar-j »*"**
е з
- covering the entire gam ut o f;B isted .o n
miiita r y
o c c u p a U o n .^
rival coincided with sunrise,i t looked,in g
m
Л
е
scene. T he attack
la s te d S P o litic a l th o u g h t fr o m
com m unism
t o
T.
„
^
C o u n p il
^ftlR W i
t o
- ^
naasm .
They all are
r e p r e s e n te d
i n
•
l f
?
*J™ і C ouncil itftaed
t o
л е-
D e tr o lt
John Panchuk
is one of theі^^Z^K™ *
1
^ *
^
l
^
w ea
sun's rays lighting up the one great| seem ed m uch shorter.
sideo f the rock and m aking its sur
fa c e
a p p e a r
a ssm ooth
a s m a r b le .
A sid e
fr o m
th eg u llie s
th a t
c a r r y
Cigarettes as M ilium
o fE x c h a n g e
U k r a in ia n lib e r a l le a d e r s ;
until M arch, 1923, ,aud then
o n ly o n
!c o n d itio n s
th a t
e v e n tu a l
a u to n o m y
A t th e o p e n m g o f tm s s y m p o s iu m ,;^
tn js U d-
t o
tJk rn in isiis-'im ds X
The resto f the night passed with-W
p r e s e n te d
a n ^ a r tic le о п Ч
Ь е j^
f o
Ш
п
о
т
у
r J g h^^
^
. ^
^
w rinW e
t ot
d
£
th e
ro ^ k
i s5
U t
™ K
^
Є
Г
»
A
f
"
?
fewj tJltr^ m ajn
p h a se
o f th ed i s c u s s i o n
l a r a a t e e d
^
m ten m tio m il
Л гЩ
w r in k le
t od e n o t e
tn a t
th e
r o c k
i sd a y s la te r
w e
a r r iv e d
inS ic ily .
No I H e w a s le a v in g fo r A tla n ta . G a .,a n d ;гр и *. . w h o le
w o r ld
in n W e
h « w
r l l sT L ^ w o ™
т
а
П
І О
Г
І
-> п е г
had the
anchor been
d r o p p e d( b a a e d
his com m ent oh «ie:
first^a^ry!'Й ^уіо1а іеГ і^
r e s s in
the world.
uw hen
a
w h o le
-fle e t
o f sm all
b u m -! u i th e s e r ie s r ^ p r il 2 4 . W ith h e ld fr o m
to respect the m inoritv riehtso f the
O n th e o p p o site sh o r e lie s S p a n ish
W
s
I o f t d c d
^
и
іSo r ts
o ffr u its , p u b lic a tio n , u n d er
t h e o r ig in a l p l a n , • ! S r r ^ a ^ ^ h ^
R u s^ etod S e
M orocco.
It is m o u n ta in o u s o n
th e
n u ts
^
^
^
e tc
^
^
a io n g 8i d e J i t fo r m s -a v a lu a b le a d d itio n , w ith t h e ! ^ w T ^
* * * * * * *
* * *
th e
to p ,w h ile in t h e lo w e r r e g io n s c o u ld
T hep e d d le r s
d idn o t
w a n fm o r ie v in te n s io n
o fthe sym posium .
A ««*W .
^
^
« .^
,
*v 4.*
b e
s e e n
sm all
n a tiv e
v illa g e s , m a d e
rn rtb ir
W !irp,
n n H
n r o fh irfr i
h u t
A « .« ™
^f М
о«ил К о
r ^ L io . p „n
A nother
b a s ic
fa c t
i sth a t
fr o m
,.:.« ..
_ r_— „
.
. ..^ ..
A n a tiv e o f M a n ito b a , Q a n a d a , P a n -jth e
s t a r t
Й
е і1 п в г
th e
U n ited
S la te s
cam e
t oD e tr o it
in :
Ц е
o r
G reat
B r ita in
fa v o r e d
in c o r p o r a -
to p ,w h ile in t h e lo w e r r e g io n s c o u ld
/j .h e
p e d d le r s
d idn o t
w a n fm o n e v in te n s io n
o fth e sy m p o siu n i:
b e
s e e n
sm all
n a tiv e
v illa g e s
m ade
fo r
th ei r-w ares
a n d
p r o d u c ts,
but A
u p
c h ie fly
o f sm all m ud
a n d
sto n e
a sked for Am erican cigarettes, w hich'chuk
a r e
i ng r e a t
dem and
th e r e .
F or
a -stu d ie d
a t L e la n d
S ta n fo r d
U n iv e r -j^ * ^
t b
T
f f i i ^
t e i ^
^
D ifferen ce
B etw een
M editerranean
fe w
P a c k a g e s
o fc i g a r e t t e s
w er e - j s it y ,i s a la w
graduate bf University
f
'p0 la n 'd .
In hisfa m o u s
F o u r te e n
*m f A t J - « /
c e iv e d
la r g e
b a s k e ts
o f
d e lic io u s
o f M ic h ig a n ; h ea t o n e t i m e
s e r v e d
P o i^
P r P ^ n t
-W ite
^
ч
в
ь
P o in ts,
P r e s id e n t
W ilson
e x p r e s s ly
s t a t e d ,
a s
P o in t 1 3 , t h a t P o la n di s
t o
a n d
A tla n tic
U pon
e n te r in g
th e
M editerranean
oranges and enorm ous nuts.
]as assistant
attorney general andi s
o n ei s im m e d ia te ly s tr u c k
by the re-'
A fter
le a v in g
S ic ily
w e
passed (now
th e
g e n e r a l
c o u n s e l
fo r
а
Ц і-
raarkable difference between its w aters; through
th es t r a i t s
o f M essina,
inj chigan insurance com pany. Ц із article
and those of the A tlantic.
T h e M e d i-
w h ic n
th e
c u r r e n ts
are very
tr e a c h -
fo llo w s.
te r r a n e a n
w a te r isa b e a u tifu l b r ig h t
:
e r o u s .
One stretch
o fw ater m ay be
—
JO H N
pA N C H U K
s k y b lu e , c o n tr a s tin g v iv id ly w ith t h e
c a lm
but the
next one may
be veryі
'
pale blue green coloro f the A tlantic.! rough
and choppy, and botho f them
Ia m
r e a d in g
y o u r
sym posium
o n l^ 'e y ^ o n
U k r a in u v "
L arge
s c h o o ls
o f
p o r p o ise s
am u se' seem ed
to be separated by
alin ea s th e
" P o lis h
P r o b le m "
w ith
a
g r e a tf-
тй іЖ
^
T,^
^
them selves by com ing at the shipa t clear asi fi t had been cut out W ith a idealo f interest.
Y o u h a v e in d ic a te d
п
^ !Г
Г
л я
• f
1
" ^ '?r S
f
a n
a m a z in g
s p e e d
a n d
th en
a tth ej
k n if
e .
O n
b o th
sideso f the straits: that
c o m m e n ts w illb e w e lc o m e .
^
tf
„
a
i
a
TJ ? .
r a v o r
^
o lls n
c
a
f -
last possible
m om ent sw ervin g
aside I
c o u ld
be seen
s m a ll v illa g e s b u ilta t
T he
first article
p r e s e n tin gth e ^
t o a v o id
h ittin g
it .
'•
th e
fo o t
о ї
m ouhtam s.
b a c k g r o u n d
o f th e
" b o u h d a r y
p r o b
b e
e s ta b lis h e d
i n
in d is p u ta b ly
P o lis h
te r r ito r y
o n ly .
Ц е
n e v e r , R e
c e d e d
fr o m
th is p o s itio n .
No doubt, President Roosevelt w £M
a d h e r e
t oth is
c o n s is te n t
A m e r ic a n
seq u en t
o ffic ia l
d e c la r a tio n s
o f
th e
A
fe w d a y s la te r 'W e w e r e in N a p le s
lem " w as illustrated
bya m ap show -'^"
1 1 8 1 1
f
g
^
e i
?
m
.
e
"
t
^ У
еn o
e n c o u r -
0 r a n
-la n d
o u r
a r r iv a l
seem ed
t o
h a v e
in ga la r g e
a r e a
m arked
" " U k r a in e "
A
fe w
d a y s
a fte r
h a v in g
enteredj brought that city bad luck, for on the
within the boundarieso f prewar Po-
th c
M editerranean
w e
a r r iv e d
at1 sam e day it w as bom bed by 40 Stuk-
la n d .
But the text of the article w as
O ran
inN orth
A fr ic a .
T he
c it y
it-1 k a
d iv e
bom bers.
s ile n t
on the " U k r a in ia n
p r o b le m -"
s e lf
i ss i t u a t e d
o na
la r g e
h ill a n d '
b iI t a ly
th e
populacei s m ore im -|
T h e p o p u la tio n
o fthe area is pre-
the only way to reach iti s by clim b- poverished
th a n
i n
N orth
A fr ic a , d o m in a n tly U k r a in ia n a n d a h ti-P o n s h .
in g
a t le a s t 2 .0 0 0
s t e p s .
Incidental-1 Food
and clothing are not to be had
W hile statistical data have varied as
ly that's about as far as one w ants to
fo ra n y
p r ic e .
P a r t
o f4
th e
p e o p le
to w hether there were four to
e ig h t
clim b .
T he
c iv ilia n
p o p u la tio n
h e r e
!
there still sym pathize with
th e G e r - m illio n so f U k r a in ia n s u n d e r P o la n d ,
is com prised of Arabians and French.; m ans.
M ost
o f them ,
however, are
th e r e
h a s
b e e n
n os e r i o u s
q u e stio n
agem ent
t oP o lis h
claim s.
C oncern in g P o la n d 's o b lig a tio n t o g r a n t h o m e rule to U krainians, Bonar "Law, then Prim e M inister, stated
i nt h e їїо д и в е
o f
C om m ons on
U JaY ch 2 0 , 1 9 2 3 :
" T h e
c o n d itio n s
a r e th a t
P o la n d
w h ic h h a s b e e n in o c c u p a tio n
o f-th e
c o u n tr y
fo rt h r e e
o rfo u r
y e a r s , has recognized that the ethnographi cal conditions m akes autonom y neces-
They have been greatly im poverished
hoping and fighting for an Allied vie- that int h e . disputed area the U krain-^
^
Ш
tlla t
& Ф
& Р
on accounto f the dam age they
haveІ tory. M uch of the younger generation
r
ians constitutea m ajority.
s u ffe r e d
fr o m
th em any
b o m b in g !is fig h tin g sid eb y
sid e w ith o u r o w n ;
raids they have
U aeV t o e n d u r e .
T he
A m erican boys up at the A nzio beach-\
O fficia l
C en su s
c o u n tr y
is in a
s t a t e
o fin fla tio n ,j h e a d .
N a p le s
it s e lf
isi n as t a t e
o f
A c c o r d in g
t o F . B u ja k
(" G a lic ia ,"
A
sm all
c a k e
o fsoap, for
exam ple, great devastation, although
m anyo fD V Bujak, Lwow, 1908),a renownedі
jn u C h
u
S
n t
o n
****• ChurchhTs
a tti-
costs 50 cents.
C lo th e s a n d fo o d a r e
th e
g r e a t
h is to r ic a l
m onum ents
a r e
P o lis h
a u th o r ity ,
th eo ffic ia l
c e n s u s|
tu <
*
e
m
* h
e
c u r r e n t
R u sS o -P o lish
p r a c tic a lly
im p o ssib le
t o
o b ta in
i ns till sta n d in g .
showed the following
racial distribu-І boundary
d isp u te ?
K n o w in g
a s
jh e
a n y
q u a n tity .
S ir
J o h n
S im o h
r e s ta te d
this ar
ticle on
A p r il 2 6 , 1 9 3 3 .
D o n 't y o u th in k th a t th e fo r e g o in g
o ffic ia l
B r itish
d e c la r a tio n s
th r o w
C onvoy
A ttack ed
b y P la n e s
W h i]e
p o m in g
in to
th eh a r b o r
th e
D u r in g
the first day
a fte r
le a v in g .s k y
becam e
d a r k e n e d
b y th e
sm oke'
Щ
І& Ш
E r u p tio n
o f V e s „ v ,» s
jЩ
£
e a s te r n
GaM d. shortly before
^
e
^
J
^
t t ^
^
fg a U
^
to w a r d s
th e Ukrainians, M r.
C hur
chill w ill
fo llo w
a
c o n s is te n t B r itis h
T h e r e s to f th e tr ip h o m e w a s u n -
N o r th
A fr ic a ,
G erm an
o b s e r v a tio nI a n d d u s t e m itte d b y V e s u v i o u s ,w h ic h " e v e n tf u l
e x c e p t
fo ra
fe w
a la r m s a ttitu d e
i n
fa v o r in g
th e
r e s to r a tio n
p l a n e s w e r e s p o tte d
a n d
were chased
a tth a t tim e
w as
e r u p tin g
v io le n tly ,
d u r in g
w h ic h
som e
subm arines were
o f th e
U k r a in ia n
te r r ito r y
in -ques-
aw ay
b yo u r
a c k -a c k
fir e .
D u r in g
e m ittin g in to th e s k y lo n g to n g u e so f c o n ta c te d a n d d e p th c h a r g e s d E o p p e d .ltio n
to
th e
U k r a in ia n
S o v ie t R e p u b -
m y w a tc h
th a t n ig h t
at 10:15 to be flam es, seem ingly
i np r o te s t
against Upon
le a v in g
th e
M e tH te r r a n e a a , t h e
lie .
e x a c t— th e
g e n e r a l
a la r m
w a sj th e m a n -m a d e c h a o s s u r r o u n d in g
i t.
'w e a th e r w a s fa ir , b u t ina fe w
d a y s
W hat
i s
in v o lv e d
i n
th e
.c u r r e n t
so u n d e d :
o n es h o r t
a n do n e lo n g ;
N a p le s
i ss itu a te d
a tth e
b a se
o fw e
su d d e n ly
g o ta
c o ld
a n d
s to r m y
d iscu ssio n
o f .b o u n d a r y
isn o t an ew
b la s t, w h ic h
i s the signal for an air-^this historic
v o lc a n o a n d
a s
aresult spell which finally broke afe w
d a y s
p a r titio n
o fP o la n d
b u ta r e p a r titio n
r a id .
Im m ediately
th e
sk y
above us
o f
4
th e g r e a te r u ^ ti o n
th e w h o le
c i ty , o u to f th e
S ta te s .
o f U k r a in e
b e tw e e n
P o la n d
a n d
th e
w a s b u z z in g w ith
a c ti v i ty , a s th e m e r -j b e c a m e c o v e r e d w ith
aheavy coato f
I n
c o n c lu s io n
I
m ig h t
n o te
th a t U S S r V - a
g a m e t h a t i s c e n t u r i e s o ld L
, chant crew
b e g a n
m a n n in g
th e g u n s
g r e y
d ^ u s t.
C u r io u s ly ,
th e
p e o p le
o fth is f i r s t tr ip o f m in e to th e E a s te r n
D e s p ite th e f a c t th a t U k r a in ia n s h a v e
to g e th e r
w ith
th e
N avy
g u n s
c r e w s ., N a p le s
d id
r io t p a y
v e r y
m uch
a t
:
H e m is p h e r e w a s a n u n f o r g e tta b le
ex- been
* 4 n
th e
m id d le '*
b e tw e e n
th e ir
E v e r y o n e
h a s
ag u n
s ta tio n
e x c e p t .te n tio n
to th e v o lc a n o 's a c tio n s .
p e r ie n c e .
It in stilled
in m e th e s p ir it n e ig h b o r s , th e y
h a v e
n o t o n ly
m an-
th e m e n o n w a tc h in th e e n g in e r o o m
A fter leaving Italy w e headed backj and 'desire
t o
r e tu r n
a n d v d o
m y b it* a g e d to s u r v iv e P o lo n iz a tio n a n d 3R u3-
a n d
o n
th e b r id fc e .
іt o
th e
S t a t e s .
T he
weather by now; to help our fighting forces which arejs$cation;'l?ut Jtiave achieved
r e c o g n i-
S u d d e n ly
t l i e
w h o le , c o n v o y
w as-w as really hot, and at tim es the tern-s doing
su c h.a , g r a n d
3 0 b
n u t
w h ic h
tion as a nationality entitled to state-
b r illia n tly lit b y th e m a g n e s iu m ^ a r a -ig e r a tu r e
clim bed
t o Д 40- in
the en --still need a lot of assistance from
th e jlio o db y
th e la r g e s ta n d
m ost -pow er-
c h u te
T la r e s
w h ic h
th ea tta c k in g jg in e
room .
:
jfo lk s% t п ч іш е Г "
| fnl nataoitA m Europe— R ussia.
N C K
Ш
U K R A IN IA N
W E E K LY ,
S A T U R D A Y ,
M A Y 13.
1 0 4 4
ly Customs ІЕ
R ural U kraine
r
o u r th
in the eerie* o fa r tic le s o n colorful roral wedding
custom *o f
p r e - * —
J& kr& w
p a r tie a te r ty
d a r in g
th e la st* е е а & ц н
o f K h v e d ir V o w k
(1 8 4 7 -1 9 1 8 ) ]
L
-
> W c !|
—
th r o u g h ,
th e
beym r
ta k e s
th e
h a ts
and> g iv e s th e m
h # e k ^to *t h e i r - o w n e r s .
L o v e k n o tsa r e th e n
f a s t e n e d
o n
th e
4T
last dawaa the day of the л а г -• present,
p le a d s
w ith
th e
b r id e 'sJ h e a d -d r e s s e so r c lo t h e so f a ll o t h e r s
* * *
rtage cerem ony:
T heb r id e g r o o m
m other
t o
b le s s
h e r , w h ile
th e
8u -!P
r e e e n t
»
w ho w ill help uw ell the par-
- rises nearly
a n dd r e s s e s -m
m sv e r y
r ^ a ta 'ia
s e a t in g
ail th er e la tiv e s
o n j t y :th e tw o a v itilk i ( o n e w h o
c a r r ie s
b e s t
~ W hen
h e
i s
r e a d y *
th e^ s ta -» > J o n g
b e n c h .
T hen 4*e spreads over
ac a n d le a n d
the othera sw ord),th e
r o s t a
Cm atohm aker), after n^^
n^tjhm akers,
a n d
e v e nth e
tng the sign o* the orosso n the door-j places in U w Ц ф
e fe a c h
one a
lo a fі W Y ^
r
o f
" " *^ S
0 1 1
™
W blchth e
w a y w ithШ
cane, iead s-h im
o * tin to n e *
b r e a d .
T u r n i n g < toa il t h o s e
p r e s -
bn 4 e g r o o m jy ill
r id e ,
the yard.
Tfcere all those.»reeeiit^^is|seth e asks them to forgw a the young L, Then ^all re-enter th e house,
fam ily and close friends, form a
circle! couplefo r a ll the sin s th e latter m ay!
b e
b r id e g r o o m
b e h in d
th e
m .
H ism other
s p r in k le s f ^ a v e ^ e e n
g u ilty .^ a a d
tobestow up-j table hi th ep la c e
o f honor, beneath
o f
h o ly
w ater
o nh im ; ^
them tbeir.W essm gs.«rhenti»t has |tbe
h o ly
P ic t u r e s
O nЬ Д в 'right
s i t s
t h e r e u p o n
h eb o w s lo w , to th ev e r y
b e e n
d o n e ,
th en
m
а Щ
-ld e
b r id e |И
^zhU ta
( r e t in u e ) ,
th e^y o u n g ,
^
^
^
^
^
^
^
J
^
^
^
U K fiA N B O M g ^
B y
А Ь Е Х Д Щ
>Е Е
YAREM KO
1
F r o m
s h e e r
c u r io s ity
y o u r
r e p o r t
e r
a tte n d e d
'P h ila d e lp h ia 's
c e le b r a
tio n
o f
th e
P o lis h
C o n stitu tio n
o n
M ay
7 th . It 'w a s
i n
m ost
r e s p e c t s
sim ila rІ to
a
ty p ic a l U k r a in ia n
m a n i
fe sta tio n .
A t
th e
e n tr a n c e
.w o m e n
p in n e d
r e d -a n d -w h ite
la p e l
r ib b o n s
a n d
p r o je c te d
their baskets for mon
e ta r y» d o n a tio n s. -O n
th et a b l e s u n e a r -
b y
w ere
f r e e
p a m p h le ts
c o n ta in in g
P o lis h
p r o p a g a n d a .
T h es lic k e s t o n e
w as
th e
" P u la sk i
F o u n d a tio n ^ B u l
l e t i n ."
T h is 2 0 -p a g e m o n th ly
w as re
p le te
w ith
" f a c t s *
on whyW estern
U k r a in e
s h o u ld
b e lo n g
t o
p o st-w a r
a
fe w
d r o p s
w nereupon
he b o w s lo w , tb t e
v e r y |^
n
«
X
^
«
Г
^
th ep o p u la tio n s o f
R u ssiaЩ
*
ground, before
e v e r y o n e
p r e s e n t ,
in -l.b e w
to theg r o u n d
b e fo r e
e a c h
p a r -.m en
w nom
ne naq
р іс к е о ^o u t 10 ac
_
Ь аш
ї ш
ш
ш
м лth a n
th e
n o n -
e lu d in g
e v e n
th ec h ild r e n ;
T h en
he ent.kiss their Щ
&
a n d
fe e t, a n d ^ o n ip a n y
h im . O n
h is
l e f t
s it
th e ^ o m ore£ * £ * £ *£ J S L
t o
S et
g o e st o
th eh o r n e d
h is b r id e .
r th e n e x c h a n g e - k is s e s w ith
th e m .
T h ej »v ftiu U
w ho
n od o u b t in th e
^
i
f
^
1
^
!
^
^
b e e t m a n th e n ta k e a & is w h ip , to w h ic h
tim e s w e r e
h is b a c c h a n a lis ;
w h ile
to -
l l
»
tn m c r n tt o
u n a e r s ta n a
w ay ip e
fh e
U n h r a id ^ n go f th e B r io *
іlittle bells have been
fa ste n e d , w h ip s І <3»У
th ey
a r e
c o n s id e r e d
t o
b e
h isj* & * & ?* * .
•
f
t
u
f
^
g
'
W
g
;
'•* » «
л ~>„+ u ~ ~ v
* .* « < * »
.« 7 Т ів м
а
іч И Л т І г а г ! *т >а о ?»я >
і c ip le
s h o u ld
b es t r e s s e d
fo r
P o la n d
~
W h0e
% heb r id e g r o o m
^
^
І
^
Ш
Ш
^
Т
^
^
^
^
^
Г
^
^
'« * *
A sr e g a r d s thed e s ir e s of som e
W e way
to th ehom e»f
his bride. ^ j * * ™ *
t t e ^ r s t e p ^
T he-b r id e ^ l - O i f c i .
o fМ
» І ф
К
a
C o U o e tio n
a tth e
!
o f
th eb o r d e r la n d
p e o p le -,o f
P o la n d ,
W e d d in g
| su ffic e
it to sa ythat, neither
th e U k -
W h ile
th e
d in n e r
c o n tin u e s
th e
;
r a in ia n s
n o r th e
W h ite
R u th e n ia n s
d r u z h in a
m ake
a
c o lle c tio n
am ongst
& *<* a s p i r e d
t o
com e m nder
th e
S o -
it s e t f , and at the end of the d in n e r | ^ < * ™ le .
T h e r e
w asa
p o w e r fu l.U k -
u sh u rry
a h e a do f h im
slid see
w hat
g r o o m
o n
th e ir
w ay outm ust
s t e p -
is goinge ft there.
W e < fin d 'th e
h o u s e ,o v e r
this w hip together-
f i l l e d
w ith
relatives and friends.
J u s tі
O u tsid e
a
w agon
i s
w a itin g
fo r
a t
this m om ent
th eb r id e
i s
h a v in g
them ,
a ll
fe s to o n e d
a n d
g a r la n d e d
. h e r l - u - u p b r a id e d .
Г Ь ІЗ cu stom
h a sw ith flo w em .
The young «м р >ееН щ Ь , j
p
s
^
„
^
^
aroundw 4th
|r a lu ia n
g r o u p ,th e
U N D O ,
th e I * -
,
8
° 7
* rw ith
я "о 1я Ь »
u n io n ?
all th *
^ІІР Я ІЯ
іг а іп іа п
N a tio n a l
D em eeratic
U n io n ,
»4Р Ш
П Г -4Г
th eb r id e 's
h a ir .
D u r in g , th e
h o r s e s
a n dp la c e s
i n
fr o n t
o ff* " ?
a
p la te
am ong
an theg u e s t s ,^
^
.^
^ ^
^
аапам И м
^
i t s
o r ig in
i n
th ea n c ie n t
p r a c tic eo f. in , w h ile
th eb r id e 's m o t h e r
g o e s
-m a id e n h o o d
th eg ir l c a r r ie s
h erh a ir , th e m
bread and salt
She then show-
a n d
m akes
a n o th e r
c o lle c tio n .
T h e'
w h ic h
indeed desired
s e p a r a tio n
fr o m
n^eaow -,
m a k in g
th t» « p
с л іі^ Н п п я ' P o la n d ,
but not u n io n
w ith
R u ssia,
i n
one brakL
N ow
it h a s to b eu n -'e r s th e c o u p le
w ith
gram .
T h r o u g h -j£ £ " £ *
S ^ c ^ ti^ w
t o
j
і
» г
і г
h o p e s
w ere- based
on w ar be-
b r a id e d .
T he
k n e a d in g
tr o u g h
is o u t th e e n tir e
jo u r n e y
th eW
**1SK **^
^
p la c e d
b o tto m
sid e* p
in the centerm ains
s i l e n t .
t a s s a J s t f t t e
knhJі a n d l h a d t o ^ s e q u e n t
dism em berm ento f R usm aaad
^
^
^
f
l
T
^
n
^
f
Т ІЇ
^
r
i
n
g
th e
C
h
w
h
t V
h
t
Ь
Г ^
Є
|tr ib u te
to him
w hen
he w as le a v in gj P o la n d
as a
r e s u lt."
S h o u ld
n o tt* s
skm< » ra coat m adeo f the sam e.
T hea m
j th eg r o o m
s e e k
to be th e first to|Q n
e x p e d itio n
Ia c k n o w le d g e m e n t
r e m in d
th e
P o le s
b r id e
s e a t s
h e r s e lf
on it
? h e n
h er
e n ie r
Ш
е
ch u rch
fo r it is
b e lie v e dj
A
t th e
d o s eo f d in n e r aU a r is e a n d j ^ a *
U k r a in ia n s
a s p ir e
t o
b e
f r e e
^ b r o th e r
( i f
sh e
has an
u n m a r r ie d
th a t
th e o n e
w ho
d o e s
e n t e r
th e
J b r o th e r )
a p p r o a c h e s
a n db e g in s
u n -c h u r c h
b e f o r e .t h e
o th e r
w ill
b e
th e
" J jr a id in gh er h a ir .
If sh e h a s n o u n - d o m in a n t
p e r s o n a lity
m
th e ir m ar-
m a r r ie d
b r o th e r ,
h isp la c e
i s
ta k e n
^ edl i f e .
•b y
a nu n m a r r ie d
b r o t h e r of her fir s tj
A fter
th e
w e d d in g
cerem ony
i n
й и в іп , etc. In a very
fe wp la c e s th ech u rch ,
th em a r r ie d
c o u p le
u s u a lly
b r id e 's
fa th e r
perform s
th is
ta sk .
com e
o ut
th r o u g h
th e
sid e
d o o r s ,
W hen
th eb r a id
h a sb e e n
u n b r a id e d ,^
th a t
th e ir
lu c k
w o u ld
n o td e s e r t
th e
b r id e s m a id s
a p p r o a c h
a n d com b
them .
pray, and then perform
ar itu a l w h ic h
f r
° m
b o th
P o lis h a n d
R u ssian
r u le ?
w h ic h
i sv e r y
sim ila r
to .th a t o fth e!
G ettin g
b a c k
t o
th er a lly ,
t h e r e
a n c ie n t
sw earin g
o f
fe a lty
t o
th el
w ere
a b o u t
1 0 0 0
p r e s e n t .
9 5 0o f
p r in c e .
A
la r g e
v e s s e l
c o n ta in in g
w hom
w ere
of the o ld e r
g e n e r a tio n ,
b r a n d y ,
u p o n
th es u r f a c e
o f
w h ic h
o r
th o se
m ig r a tin g fro m " P o la n d .O n
flo a ts
a
w ooden
s p o o n ,
i sp la c e d
in !th e
stage were several Am ericana n d
the centero f the table.
T h e n t h e e ld -1 P o lia ii fla g s , h e ld
b y Poles garbed in
est of the boyars gives one endo f an
P o lis h
m ilita ry
u n ifo r m s « J id
b y
d ig -
em broidered
sh a w l to the k n ia i, w h oj n ita r ie s,
som e
o f
w hom
w ore
P o lis h
T he
g u e s t
e p e a k -
; * e r
h a ir , r u b b in g
I t w ith
b u tte r
a n d j
w hen
th e
retu rn in g
w e d d in g
с о
г
- Г
™
^ ^
Z n n e d " a
km W A
ffuT -1 W ar
M edals,
h o n e y .
T h en
th ey
f a s t e n
in to
h ert ege approaches th ehom e ofthe bride
E
^
^
i
^
^
S
W
"
•
P h ila d e lp h ia ^
M avor
Sam uel
J a ir
a
num ber
o f
c o in s
ч М
ф /^ Ь Щ
th ew e d d in g
M
t
t
^
K
o T
th e ^ h a n l'o f
t h
e ^ who
s a id :
" I
a s s u r e
y o u
P o la n d
b r id e g r o o m
h a s
g iv e n
t o
h is
b r id e
h e ld ,
th ey
are m et by
b er m other
c l o s e s t
t o
h im
a n d
th is
o n e ' * h a ll liv e a g a in ."
(N ote: W hat m akes
t h r e e
tim es.
D u r in g
th e
f ir s t
tw o
tim es around the table each one drinks
a
sp o o n fu
of theb r a n d y , and on
th e
th ir d
tim e
th ey
d r in k
d ir e c tly
fr o m
th e
v e s s e l.
•* fc
h isw e d d in g
p r e s e n t /a n d
a ls o
a; a n d
fa th e r
w ho
g r e e t
th em
w ith
tew ift
W
h en
ь оУ Є
« t
o fb r e a d .
W hen
th a ti s d o n e
h er
b r e a d t
^
ftn d
a
l i t t l e
b r a n d y . The ^
, J
™ Z'
^
L
J
\ ї *
Z „Z
^
'father and closest relatives fasten in-U taroata
ta k e s
c h a r g e
o f
th em
•
Й
^
І
Й
Г
^
^
• t o
h e r h a ir
a
fe w
c lo v e s
o f
g a r lic ,
le a d fl
Ш
е іп
m tot h e ^ h o u s e .
c ir c lin g !^
]
^
t
f
c
«
5
*
* L* * ±
^ r h k h
i ss u p p o s e d
to act as a
t a l i s -
t h r e e
tim esth e tab le
a n d th en
fin a l-
m an against a ll m isfortune.
Then her
\y
g a tin g
th em
in the place o fh o n o r .
4 ia iri s r e b r a id e d
into one
b r a id
o n c e
•tm ore,
a n d
a r r a n g e d
i n
fo r m
o f
a
V esilya
w reath
on her h e a d . T h is
is thel a s t
A 11
th a t
h a sb e e n
d e s c r ib e d
th u s,
4 im esh e w ill w e a r
h a iri n th is m a id -
fa r
b e g in n in g w ith e v a t a r a
(m atch-
Г .Г *
п
™ f
l
h a
®
. ,
n
a o n e
a il
g
°
1 -Г * ..» і .;л «
I.
u e
»
u u u
"
K
w
* "
Т Т 7Ї?
y i
" " ~
o u ts id e ,
w h ere
fo llo w s
a
cerem ony
e n
fa sh io n .
r na k m g )
an de n d in g
w ith
th eЛ
Іу и Ь
.^ ^
^
^
a
r e H
io u g
a n d
m iU ta ry
N a tu r a lly ,a ll th is
i sperform ed
t o
(th ec h u r c h
c e r e m o n y ) ,is b u t a p re^ »e h a r a£ te r
In th ec e n te r
of they a r d
t oW a s h in g to n .
(N ote: For the Pojes
-th e
a c c o m p a n im e n t
o f
so n g s.
T he lu d e
t o
w hat
f o l l o w s - v e td ly a ,
th e ja
b en ch
^
p la c e d
0
n
m
th ek n e a d -
!
t o
h p ld
s u c h
r a llie s
i s
p e r f e c tly
-
c o lo r fu l
g a y c e r e m o n ie s
w h ic h
b e g inj .
t
Q
f c
^ " ^ t h itsc o v e r
o n .'a ll
r ig h t
b u tw henever
th e
U k r a in -
a f te r
b o th
th eb r id e g r o o m
a n d b r id e iT i° :
r _ _ j„ _ * u
u :* ._к »л .
h a v e
g o n e
t o
th e ir
r e s p e c t iv e
hom es
fo llo w in g
th ec h u r c h
cerem ony.
h im
th in k
sh e w on't?). M ost
of th e
o th e r
p epta lk s
w ere
i n
th eP o lis h
la n g u a g e — a ll
s in g in g
th esam e tune,
th a t— " P o la n d
i s
s t r o n g !
P o la n d
i s
n o t a fr a id !
P o la n d s h a ll liv e !" T h e y
d e fie d
S ta lin
a n d
dem anded
" te r r i
to r ia l
in te g r ity ,"
a ll o f
w h ic h
w as
sw eet
m u sic
t o
th e
p r e s e n t
P o le s .
T h ey
w ound
u pth e ir
p r o g r a m
w ith
s e le c t io n s
b y
th e
P a d e r e w s k i
C h o ir
a n d
th ep a ssin g
o fr e s o l u t i o n s ,
s e n t
b r id e ,
s in g in g ,
b id s
farew ell
to her
braid, h er adornm ent
a n dsym bol o f
m a id e n h o o d ,
p r o c la im in g
th a t
o n ly
-h er
g r e a t
lo v e
fo r
th e
b r id e g r o o m
<ja«sed her to p art w ithi t In som e sec
tio n s,c h ie fly a m o n gth e H a t z u ls(U k -
W h ile
a t th e hom e
of herp a r e n t s
th e y o u n g b r id ei s a w a itin g
her new
r a in ia n
m ountaineers),
t h e r e
i s
s tillj ly -n ia r r ie d
h u sb a n d
t o com e and
ta k e
perform ed
acerem ony
th a t
h e a r k e n s
n er
t o
th e ir
n ew
hom e,
he, in the
h a c k
to thea n c ie n t
tim es
w hen
th e ,m e a n w h ile ,
i so r g a n iz in g
th ep r o c e s -
/b r id e 's h a ir w a s cut off: th e e n d s o fjg jo n
th a t
is toaccom pany h im .
h er
h a ir
a r ef a s t e n e d
t o
som ething!
g ^
^
the procession sets out, how -
and the bridegroom
h im self
o ro n e o f\e v e i%
d in n e r
i s
fir a t
s e r v e d t
U SUally late
th e
elders cutso ff these
e n d s
w ith
a|i n
^
a f t e r n o o n
fo r
^
е
p r o c e s s io n
b lo w
o f
his. hatchet,
w h ic h
i s
th eI
,
.
n o t
le a v e
ц
п
Ш
d a r k„ . th e
tim e
h e a d
of his w a lk in g
s t ic k .
w hen
j n
a n c ie n t
U m es
it was
c o n -
I n
som e
lo c a litie s
b o th
th e
b r id ej g id e r e d
th es a f e s t
t o
u n d e r ta k ea n y
a n d
th eg r o o m
g o to th ec h u r c h
to - dangerous m ission.
During the course
g e t h e r ;
i n
o th e r s
s e p a r a te ly .
I n
0f the d in n e r
th er e c r u itin g o f m em -
e ith e r
c a s e
th eb r id e g r o o m
has tw o ^ers (in
th ea n c ie n t
tim es
i t
w o u ld
bridesm aids accom pany
h im ,o n e c a r - ^ a v e
b e e n
w arriors)
for th e
b r id e -
rying candlest o be usedi n the church\ groom 's
p a r ty
ta k e s
p la c e .
A t th e
cerem ony,a n d
th ec a r r y in g
asw ord,js o u n d
Qf m u sic a ll com e o u tin to t h e
u s u a lly
a n o lds a b r e
fe s to o n e d
w ith| courtyard.
W hen
a llh a v e
g a th e r e d ,
p ow ers.
T h e m o th e ro f th e b rid e u su -j th e
bridegroom , w ho from
n o wu n til
ally stays hom e, and, generally speak-
the end of
th ew e d d in g
cerem onies
in g ,i t is .a ls o
im p r o p e r
e v e n
fo rt h e ! ^
called kniai
(prince), accom panied
fa th e r
to bep r e s e n t
a t th ew e d d in g jt,y
a
b o y a r
( e ld e r ) ,
com es
o u t
a n d
.c e r e m o n y
i nch u rch .
I n
th is
customj greets them .Щ
th e n p o in ts o u t to th e
-c a nb e p e r c e iv e d
a n
e c h o
of the an-1 boyar those ofthe young m en
p r e s e n t
.c le n t c u sto m
o fa b d u c tin g
th eb r id e .;w h o m
h e
w a n ts
t o
accom pany h im .
„ « _ .-_ -
,
A I_
„
.
іT he
b o y a r
a p p r o a c h e s
e a c h
o f
t h e s e
The Blessing
of th e C o u p le
y o u n g
m e n
& nd
t a k e s
tn e ir
h a t8 >
Iti s covered witha w hite linen cloth,
ia n s
observe sim ilar occasions,
y o u 'll
a n d
a
lo a fo f b r e a d
i sp la c e d
in thea lw a y s fin d J e r g e n s ' W in c b e t a n d
t f ie
c e n t e r . T he b r e a d
i su s e d
by the fa -I > a ily
W orker
b r a n d in g
th e
U kes
t h e r of the b r id e g r o o m
to bless him . a s
' f a s c i s t s ' ) .
A
pitchero f wateri s placed alongside
o n
th eb en ch
w ith
a
cup by it
A lth o u g h
R o m a 'n ia
h a s
b e e n
a m
T he
b r id e g r o o m
w ith
h is com pan-
a ctiv e
b e llig e r e n ti n
fu ll
a c c o r d
w ith
io n s
ta k e s
h is
p o s itio n
i n
fr o n t
ofj H itlerite G erm any,th e R om aniansi n
tr o u g h .
T he
d o o r
fr o m
th e
h ou se! A m erica
a r e
issu in g
a
w e ll^ e d ifc e d
o p e n sa n d th e
b r id e g r o o m s
m o th e r ; m o n th ly ,
"The N ew
P io n e e r "( 5 § 0 1
com es
o u t, w e a r in g
a
fu r lin e d
c o a t'D e tr o it
A v e .,
C le v e la n d , O h io ) . S u c h
turned insideo u t anda sheepskin hat| periodical
c a n
d o
m uch
t o
w in
p n
h erh e a d .
S h ec a r r ie s
w ith
h e r j Am er ic a n
fr ie n d s
for th eR o m a n ia n s
b a ts,
n u ts,
p u m p k in
a n d
sunflow erja n d
in stil
g r e a te r
a c tiv ity
on a co-
s e e d s
,
e tc .,t o g e t h e r
w ith
m oney| operative
b a s is
am ong
th e
R om an-
th a t
sh e h a s
b e e n
s a v in g
fo r
th isіia n s
jnA m e r ic a w h o n u m b e r 1 5 0 ,0 0 0 .
o c c a s io n
s in c e
h ers o n ' s
b ir th .
O neJ
д
p e r io d ic a l
s u c h
a s
is s u e dfc y
o f
th eb o y a r s
g o e s
to her andg iv e sjt h e
R o m a n ia n s
a n d
o th e r
n a tio n a l
h er
a
r a k e
o r
p itc h fo r k ,
w h ic h
inj g r o u p s
i ss o r e l y
n e e d e d
to d a y . V a ju -
th is
cerem ony
r e p r e s e n t s
a
h o r s e ,ja Di e
tim e
i s
w asted
b y
d e la y in g fc h e
T h e m o th e r m a k e s m o tio n
o f m ount-j issuance
of theh e r a ld e d
m o u th p ie c e
in g
th e
" h o r s e ,"
a n d
th en
o n e
o fj0f
th e
U k r a in ia n
A m erican s.
boyars m akes
m o tio n
o fle a d in g
th eі
•
" h o r s e "
a r o u n d
o f
b en ch
w h ilea n -
o th e r
u r g e s
th e
" s t e e d "
o n
w ith
a
th en
throw s
aw ay
th ep itc h fo r k , a n d
w h ip .
D u r in g
th is
a c t
th em other; the
b o y a r s
ta k e
i t
a n db r e a k
it to
s c a t t e r s
g r a in
a ll
a b o u t
h e r , w h ilej p ie c e s .
th o se
p r e s e n t
sin g
of the w ish ed -for!
A tl a s t th e tim e
for th ed e p a r t u r e
g o o d
crops, wealth and
fertlity. U pon\o f
th e
b r id e g r o o m 's
p a r ty
for th e
c o m p le tin g
her third
tu rn
a r o u n d
t h e . h o m eo f h is b r id e h a s a r r iv e d .
c u p , one of the boyars takesth e cup,j
T heb r id e g r o o m
w ith
h iscom pan-
Just before
le a v in gfo r c h u r c h ,th e w h ic h
h e
c a r r ie s
in s id e
th e
h o u se.I fillsi t w ith
w ater,a n d goes
through: ions start out, preceded
b y th esta n -
b r id e
asks for her parents' blessings.I There,
one of
th ew om en
sew s
onj the m otionso f wateringth e horse by! dard
b e a r e r .
I n
m ost
lo c a litie s , th e
I n
o th e r
lo c a litie s
th e
b r id e
a n dІ e a c h
hat a
lo v e
k n o t,
c o n sistin g
o f
p o u r in g
w ater
o v e r
th e
h a n d le
o fj b r id e g r o o m
and his party are m ounted
g r o o m
a r e
b le s s e d
to g e th e r .
T h isjs.
clum p
o f
p e r iw in k e l
flo w e r s
oft th e
p itc h fo r k .
F illin g
the cup w ith
o n
horses, rather
th a n
on a
w agdn.
b lessin g
i s perhaps m ost cerem oniousI red
r ib b o n s .
S h esew s
A
lo v e
knotі w ater
a g a in
h eg iv e s
it to
a n o th e r
um ong
th eB o y k i
(a n o th e r lir a n c h
o f! a ls o o n
tfceh a t of th e . t o y * v m a k in g ] b o y a r , -w h o
t a k e si t
a n d
throw s
i t
U k rssn ian
m ountaineers)
i n
G a lio ia .j itatr ifle ^ ^ d iffe r e n t in a p p e a r a n c e fr o mj o v e r
s h o u ld e r to the g r o u n d
i ns u c h
T he
e h o r u s ,
com posed
o f
a ll
those [th at
of the
o t h e r s .
W hen
ja h eto , m a n n e r
th a ti t b rea k s.
T he m other
H is
m other
b id s
h im
farew ell
a n d
w ish es
h im
th eb e s t
o f
e v e r y th in g ,
w h ile
th efa th e r
w arns
h im
to be
c a r e fu l.
.
•
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