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Abstract
Livestock, Wool, Poultry, and Meat Cooperatives:
Function, Marketing, and ServicesT. Fred White, Jr.ACS Agricultural EconomistThis report provides a review of current functions and marketing methodsused by cooperatives handling livestock, wool, poultry, and meats. Data from
201 cooperatives were analyzed by commodity group and divisions within com-modity group. Livestock and wool cooperatives were analyzed by sales volumeinterval divisions. Poultry cooperatives were analyzed according to primary pro-
duction: turkeys, eggs, and other processed poultry. The meat cooperatives
were analyzed for two divisions: locker and nonlocker cooperatives.
Functions, services offered by, and marketing techniques used by thesecooperatives are outlined in this report. Differences within and among commodi-
ty groups are also discussed. Both established and potential cooperatives may
use this report for performance evaluation or planning.
Keywords: Cooperatives, marketing methods, pooling, services
ACS Research Report No. 118September 1993
 
Preface
Cooperatives handling livestock, poultry, and products resulting from theirproduction differ in the marketing alternatives and services they provide mem-bers. The survey data supported this finding. ACS surveyed 201 cooperativesthat market livestock, wool, poultry, and meats. Results of this research are pre-sented in this manuscript.Survey data, considered across primary commodity groups, reflect differ-ences in the marketing methods used and the intensity of services provided.Accepted marketing methods and the services producers need vary across,and within, the livestock, wool, poultry, and meat industries. Marketing methodsused are partially sustained by the industry because of factors such as productcharacteristics, producer volume, and producer concentration. Economies ofsize and scale in both production and processing influence industry-acceptedmarketing methods and the services producers need.Cooperatives align their functions, marketing methods, and services withtheir membership’s needs. This observation is substantiated by differences incooperative function, marketing methods, and services within cooperative com-modity groups.Commodities handled, marketing methods used, and services offered dif-fered within the commodity groups. The industry served, cooperative sales vol-ume, and desires of the membership dictate the breadth of services offered bythe cooperatives. Producers arrange all or some of the marketing, handling, andtechnical services that cooperatives may offer. Others they gain through coop-erative patronage. Cooperatives augment marketing, production, processing,handling, and other services through offering them to their producer members.
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