1-WR - 001 - E1 3G Overview-45

WR_001_E1 WCDMA Basic Theory
Overview on 3G
V0507
ZTE University 3G Course Team
The information contained in the file is solely property of ZTE corporation. Any kind of disclosing without permission is prohibited.
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Course Objectives
Understand evolution of mobile communications

Master 3G frequency allocation Master 3G mode comparison
Understand The Difference of WCDMA Versions
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Agenda
Evolution of Mobile Communications

Standardization Organizations of 3G
3G Modes Compared
The Difference of WCDMA Versions
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Mobile communications existed half a century ago, but it

was in the 1980s that it was really developed
The main goal of mobile communications is to realize

communication among any objects at any time, and in any place.
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Land cellular mobile communications system (PLMN)

has gone through 3 stages: 1. First Generation --Analog Mobile Telephone System
2. Second Generation---Digital Mobile Communications

System 3. Third Generation---IMT-2000
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1G --Analog Mobile Telephone System
1. The first generation mobile communications analog cellular mobile communications
1) Feature:
frequency division multiple access (FDMA) analog signal
narrow band
2) Main mode: North-Americans AMPS North Europeans NMT-450/900 Britains TACS
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2G --Digital Mobile Telephone System
2. The second generation mobile communications digital cellular mobile communication 1) Feature: time division multiple access (TDMA) narrow code division multiple access (N-CDMA) digital signal narrow band
2) Main mode: GSM
DAMPS N-CDMA
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Multiple Access
Multiple Access: Simultaneous private use of a transmission medium by multiple, independent users.
Types of Media -- Examples:
Twisted pair - copper Coaxial cable Fiber optic cable Air interface (radio signals)
Transmission
Medium
Advantages of Multiple Access
Increased capacity: serve more users Reduced capital requirements since fewer media can carry the traffic
Decreased per-user expense

Easier to manage and administer ZTE University
Each pair of users enjoys a dedicated, private circuit through the transmission medium, unaware that the other users exist.
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Channels
FDMA
Channel: An individually-assigned, dedicated pathway through a transmission medium for one users information.
Power
FDMA-- Frequency Division Multiple Access Each user on a different frequency A channel is a frequency TDMA --Time Division Multiple Access Each user on a different window period in time (time slot) A channel is a specific time slot on a specific frequency CDMA-- Code Division Multiple Access A channel is a unique code pattern Each user uses the same frequency all the time, but mixed with different distinguishing code patterns
TDMA
Power
CDMA
Power
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Features and Benefits of 2G

Benefits Benefits from digital
World Market
Low Terminal and services cost
Superior speech quality Open System
Higher data rate
International roaming High level of security
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3G --IMT2000 (UMTS)
3. The third generation mobile communications IMT2000

(UMTS) 1) Feature: code division multiple access (CDMA) digital signal broadband 2) Meaning of 2000: frequency spectrum around 2000MHz data rate up to 2000kbps putting into business about 2000
3) Main mode: WCDMA CDMA2000 TD-SCDMA

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1G(Analog) 2G(Digital) 3G(Wideband)
GSM AMPS
900/1800/1900
TACS
CDMA IS-95 TDMA IS-136
IMT-2000
NMT PDC
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What is fueling the need for UMTS?
More voice capacity: More voice capacity than 2G systems
High-speed data services Remote multimedia, imaging, video phone, etc.
Increased mobility Global roaming Wireless Internet
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Multiple Services
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Birth of IMT2000
1985, FPLMTS being put forward

FPLMTS: Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunication System 1996, renamed by IMT-2000 IMT2000: International Mobile Telecommunication 2000
Meaning of 2000
frequency spectrum around 2000MHz putting into business about 2002 data rate up to 2000kbps
Frequency Range
1992,WRC-92,230MHz 1885-2025MHz(uplink),2110-2200MHz(downlink) May,2000, WRC-2000, spread frequency range 806-960MHz,1710-1885MHz & 2500-2690MHz
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What is UMTS?
UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunication System

UMTS will be a mobile communication system that offer significant user benefits including high-quality wireless multimedia services to a convergent network of fixed, cellular and satellite components.
It will deliver information directly to users and provide them with access to new and innovative services and applications. It will offer mobile personalized communications to the mass market regardless of location, network and terminal used. UMTS Forum 1997
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Why we use 3G?
Limit of frequency resource: Present frequency cannot satisfy the need of mobile communications development. The frequency efficiency of 2G is lower than that of 3G.
Need of mobile multi-media: Mobile data service will be the necessary product of the combination of mobile communication and Internet. The feature of 3G is the transmission capability of providing data service in high rate.
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The Goal of 3G
Higher transmit rate

Rich and colorful service Good voice quality
Larger capacity
Lower cost Good secret performance
High frequency efficiency

Max rate up to 2Mb/s Easy to transition from 2G
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Agenda

3G Modes Compared
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Roadmap to 3G
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Data Rate of IMT-2000
Voice
4.75Kb/s -- 12.2Kb/s
Data
Fast mobile environment- 144Kb/s

From outdoor to indoor or walking - 384Kb/s Indoors- 2Mb/s
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Framework for IMT2000
Core Networks of other IMT-2000 family members
UIM
MT
RAN
CN
CN
UIM-MT MT-RAN RAN-CN NNI Interface Interface Interface
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Family Conception
WCDMA CN based on MAP
CDMA2000 CN based on ANSI-41
3G standards
TD-SCDMA CN based on MAP
CDMA is the main technology of 3G

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Standardization Organization of 3G
GSA
ITU-R WP8F
GSMA
ETSI ARIB TTC
ITU-T SSG
MWIF
MSF
TTA TIA
UWCC WAPForum TIPHON
IPv6 MPEG Forum
3GPP
3G.IP
3GPP2
CWTS
TTA CWTS
T1P1
LIF 3GCF
IETF
Parlay
TTC
ARIB
W3C
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3GPP in the World

3GPP - Third Generation Partnership Project ARIB - Association of Radio Industries and Businesses CWTS - China Wireless Telecommunication Standard group ETSI - European Telecommunications Standards Institute T1 - Standards Committee T1 Telecommunications TTA - Telecommunications Technology Association TTC - Telecommunication Technology Committee GSM - Global System for Mobile Communications UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecommunications System IETF - Internet Engineering Task Force ITU-R - International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication ITU-T - International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization
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IMT2000 Wireless Interface Standard

ITU-R received 10 terrestrial RTT techniques in 1998
No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Technique Provided
J: WCDMA ETSI-UTRA-UMTS WIMS W-CDMA WCDMA/NA Global CDMA II TD-SCDMA cdma2000 Global CDMA I UWC-136 EP-DECT
Duplex
FDD, TDD FDD, TDD FDD FDD FDD TDD FDD, TDD FDD FDD TDD
Provider
Japan: ARIB Europe: ETSI U.S.A: TIA U.S.A: T1P1 South Korea: TTA China: CATT U.S.A: TIA South Korea: TTA U.S.A: TIA Europe: ETSI DECT plan
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Duplex Mode
FDD mode
Fq. 1 Fq. 2
5 MHz channel
Uplink Downlink
TDD mode
5 MHz channel
. . .
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Uplink and Downlink
. . .
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Technical Specification of Wireless Interface
Wireless Interface
IMT-2000 CDMA DS IMT-2000 CDMA MC IMT-2000 CDMA TDD
WCDMA
CDMA 2000 TD-S CDMA UWC136 DECT
IMT-2000 TDMA SC
IMT-2000 TDMA FT
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3G Development
Standardization Procedure
CN(Core Network)
2G/3G Radio Network

IS-136 UWC-136
IS-41 CN NNI GSM CN
IS-95 CDMA2000 GSM
Evolutionary
Revolutionary
WCDMA
Evolutionary
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3G Spectrum
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Standardization of WCDMA--3GPP
3GPP Release 5
(ALL IP)
ETSI TC SMG
3GPP Release 4
T1P1 ARIB TTC TTA CWTS
3GPP Release 3 (Release 1999)
business 2001 & 2002
Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1
1998
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1999
2000
2001
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Agenda

3G Modes Compared
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Status of WCDMA Worldwide

Japan/Korea Western Europe
Current all GSM In process of launching WCDMA NTT DoCoMo launched Oct 2001, PDC=>WCDMA J-phone PDC=>WCDMA , Soft Launch June, Commercial expected in Dec. KDDI: cdmaONe=>CDMA20001X Korean: cdmaONe=>CDMA1X=> CDMA20001xEV at 800MHz KT,SK WCDMA at 2GHz LG CDMA2000 at 2GHz
North America
50% Old TDMAGSM/GPRS=> EDGE/WCDMA 50% cdmaONe=>CDMA 20001x =>cdma1xEV
Central Europe, Middle East, Africa

Still in the GSM build-out face First WCDMA during 2003
Asia-Pacific
Vast Majority GSM Licenses being issued during 2002 and 2003 WCDMA starts in mature markets 2003 Some CDMA presence
Latin America
Mostly TDMA, Pending transition mostly to GSM 30% cdmaONe=>CDMA20001X
141 3G licenceS, including 131 WCDMA

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Available WCDMA Terminals (150)
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WCDMA is more profitable in nature
More attractive services & applications

Preferable access to contents & services Global standard -OMA, 80-85% handsets support
Profit
Wider support of international roaming Higher spectrum efficiency less BTS WCDMA: 30% more data, 30% more voice
Revenue
CAPE X
Hardware efficiency less network elements Single carrier occupies wider frequency band, rendering less hardware per
OPEX
spectrum
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Comparison among 3G Modes

WCDMA Channel Bandwidth Chip Rate Duplex Mode Frame Length Channel Coding 5M*2 3.84Mc/s FDD 10ms Convolution Code, Turbo TD-SCDMA 1.6M 1.28Mc/s TDD 10ms (Sub-frame 5ms) Convolution Code, CDMA2000 1.25M*2 1.228Mc/s FDD 20ms Convolution Code,
Code
Modulation QPSK/BPSK
Turbo Code
QPSK/8PSK
Turbo Code
Uplink: QPSK, Downlink: BPSK
Power Control
Open loop + fast closed loop
Open loop + closed loop
Open loop + fast closed loop
Power Control Rate
1500 times/s
200 times/s
800 times/s
Synchronization Mode of Base Station
Synchronous/Asynchronous
Synchronous
Synchronous
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Agenda

3G Modes Compared
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3GPP Versions Difference
R99
Creation of the Universal Terrestrial Radio Access(UTRA) no fundamental changes in core network
R4 Enable bearer independent CS network architecture (MSC split to 'Media gateway' and 'MSC server') Low Chip Rate TDD (TD-SCDMA)
R5
IMS- IP based Multimedia Services IP transport in UTRAN HSDPA
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Rel. 99 Reference Architecture

User Equipment Radio Access Network
MSC/ VLR Um
SIM
Core Network
SCF
Co-operating Networks
G E BTS BSS IuCS RNS

Node B
ME
MS
Abis
BSC
A MSC/ VLR
D
GMSC C HLR Gr
AUC
SIM-ME i/f
F
EIR
Gs RNC Iur
Uu
USIM
SMS
Iub
Cu
or
Gb
Gf
Gd Gc
ISDN PSTN PSPDN CSPDN PDN: - Intranet - Extranet - Internet - X.25
ME
SIM
SIM-ME i/f
RNS
Node B
IuPS SGSN Gn SGSN
MS
Gn
GGSN Gp
Gi
Iub
RNC
UTRAN Iur
Note: Not all interfaces are shown and named
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User Equipment Radio Access Network Core Network
MSC/VLR Server MGW Mc Nb G E Nc Abis BSC A IuCS Uu
USIM
Co-operating Networks
SCF
Um
SIM
SIM-ME i/f
MGW Mc MSC/VLR Server F Gs RNC Iur Gb

EIR
Nb Nc C
MGW M GMSC C c Server

AUC SMS
ME
MS
BTS
BSS
TS G W
RNS Iub
Node B
HSS H (HLR) Gr
Cu
or
Gf
Gd Gc
ISDN PSTN PSPDN CSPDN PDN: - Intranet - Extranet - Internet
ME
IuPS
SIM
SIM-ME i/f
RNS Iub
Node B
SGSN Gn Gn SGSN
GGSN Gi Gp SCF Note: Not all interfaces are shown and named
MS
RNC
UTRAN Iur
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Applications & Services Legacy mobile signalling networks
R-SGW HSS HLR
SCP CSCF
MRF
Um
IP Multimedia networks
GERAN
EIR SGSN
IMS
MGCF
.
GGSN
PS
UTRAN
Uu
CS-MGW
to HSS
CS-MGW
to HSS
PSTN/Legacy/ External
RAN
MSC server/VLR
GMSC server/VLR
T-SGW
to applications & services

Interfaces supporting signalling Interfaces supporting user traffic
CS
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End to End ZTE WCDMA R99 Solutions

PSTN Internet
CS
GMSC MSC /VLR
E
PS
C
D
HLR/ AuC
Gc
GGSN
Other Gr Gn PLMN
MSC/VLR
G A Gb
Gs
SGSN
Gp
GGSN
Iu-CS
Iu-PS
BSC
Abis
RNC
Iub
Iur
RNC
Iub
BTS
Um
BTS
Uu
Node B
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ZTE WCDMA R4 Solution

SCP SMC MMSC CG Billing Server OMC Billing Center
NO.7
OMC
MSCS
GMSCS
HLR
SGSN GGSN
CS
GMGW MGW
PS
RNC RNS Node B
WAP GW
APP Server
PSTN
BSC PCU BSS
RNC Node B
Internet
BTS
2G/2.5G MS
3G UE
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ZTE WCDMA R5 Solution

SCP SMC MMSC CG Billing Server OMC Billing Center
NO.7
OMC
GMSCS MSCS CSCF MGCF
HSS
IMS
MGW
CS
GMGW MGW
PS
SGSN GGSN
Other Network
PSTN
BSC
BSS
RNC RNS Node B RNC
Internet
Node B
BTS
2G/2.5G MS
3G UE
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ZTE University
Thanks for your Attention!
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1-WR - 001 - E1 3G Overview-45

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WR_001_E1 WCDMA Basic Theory

Understand evolution of mobile communications

Understand The Difference of WCDMA Versions

Evolution of Mobile Communications

Evolution of Mobile Communications

Mobile communications existed half a century ago, but it

The main goal of mobile communications is to realize

Evolution of Mobile Communications

Land cellular mobile communications system (PLMN)

2. Second Generation---Digital Mobile Communications

1G --Analog Mobile Telephone System

1. The first generation mobile communications analog cellular mobile communications

2G --Digital Mobile Telephone System

2) Main mode: GSM

Types of Media -- Examples:

Advantages of Multiple Access

Decreased per-user expense

Features and Benefits of 2G

Low Terminal and services cost

Superior speech quality Open System

Higher data rate

International roaming High level of security

3. The third generation mobile communications IMT2000

3) Main mode: WCDMA CDMA2000 TD-SCDMA

Evolution of Mobile Communications

CDMA IS-95 TDMA IS-136

What is fueling the need for UMTS?

More voice capacity: More voice capacity than 2G systems

High-speed data services Remote multimedia, imaging, video phone, etc.

Increased mobility Global roaming Wireless Internet

1985, FPLMTS being put forward

UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunication System

Why we use 3G?

Higher transmit rate

High frequency efficiency

Evolution of Mobile Communications

Data Rate of IMT-2000

Fast mobile environment- 144Kb/s

Framework for IMT2000

Core Networks of other IMT-2000 family members

UIM-MT MT-RAN RAN-CN NNI Interface Interface Interface

WCDMA CN based on MAP

CDMA2000 CN based on ANSI-41

TD-SCDMA CN based on MAP

CDMA is the main technology of 3G

ETSI ARIB TTC

UWCC WAPForum TIPHON

IPv6 MPEG Forum

3GPP in the World

IMT2000 Wireless Interface Standard

Uplink and Downlink

Technical Specification of Wireless Interface

2G/3G Radio Network

IS-41 CN NNI GSM CN

IS-95 CDMA2000 GSM

T1P1 ARIB TTC TTA CWTS

3GPP Release 3 (Release 1999)

business 2001 & 2002

Evolution of Mobile Communications

Status of WCDMA Worldwide

Central Europe, Middle East, Africa

141 3G licenceS, including 131 WCDMA

Available WCDMA Terminals (150)