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FourierSeries
JamesS.Walker
University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire 
I. Historical BackgroundII. Definition of Fourier SeriesIII. Convergence of Fourier SeriesIV. Convergence in NormV. Summability of Fourier SeriesVI. Generalized Fourier SeriesVII. Discrete Fourier SeriesVIII. Conclusion
GLOSSARY
Bounded variation
A function f has
bounded vari-ation
on a closed interval [
a
,
b
] if there exists apositive constant
B
such that, for all finite setsof points
a
=
 x
0
<
x
1
<
···
<
x
 N 
=
b
, the inequality
 N i
=
1
|
f(
 x
i
)
−
f(
 x
i
−
1
)
|≤
 B
is satisfied. Jordan provedthat a function has bounded variation if and only if itcan be expressed as the difference of two nondecreas-ing functions.
Countably infinite set
A set is
countably infinite
if itcan be put into one-to-one correspondence with the setof natural numbers (1
,
2
,...,
n
,...
). Examples: Theintegersandtherationalnumbersarecountablyinfinitesets.
Continuousfunction
Iflim
 x
→
c
f(
 x
)
=
f(
c
),thenthefunc-tionfis
continuous
atthepoint
c
.Suchapointiscalleda
continuity point 
forf.Afunction which iscontinuousat all points is simply referred to as continuous.
Lebesguemeasurezero
Aset
S
ofrealnumbersissaidtohave
 Lebesguemeasurezero
if,foreach
 >
0,thereex-ists a collection
{
(
a
i
,
b
i
)
}
∞
i
=
1
of open intervals such that
S
⊂∪
∞
i
=
1
(
a
i
,
b
i
) and
∞
i
=
1
(
b
i
−
a
i
)
≤
. Examples: Allfinitesets,andallcountablyinfinitesets,haveLebesguemeasure zero.
Odd and even functions
A function f is
odd 
if f(
−
 x
)
=−
f(
 x
) for all
x
in its domain. A function f is
even
if f(
−
 x
)
=
f(
 x
) for all
x
in its domain.
One-sided limits
f(
 x
−
) and f(
 x
+
) denote limits of f(
t 
)as
t 
tends to
x
from the left and right, respectively.
Periodic function
A function f is
periodic,
with
period P
>
0, if the identity f(
 x
+
P
)
=
f(
 x
) holds for all
x
.Example: f(
 x
)
=|
sin
 x
|
is periodic with period
π
.
FOURIERSERIES
has long provided one of the prin-cipal methods of analysis for mathematical physics, en-gineering, and signal processing. It has spurred general-izations and applications that continue to develop rightup to the present. While the original theory of Fourierseries applies to periodic functions occurring in wave mo-tion,suchaswithlightandsound,itsgeneralizationsoften
 
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    tameur_101092

    salut tous le monde, est ce que vous pouvez donner votre opinion sur cet article?

    reply09 / 03 / 2009
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