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CONSTITUTION OF INDIANUnit I: 1.1
THE PREAMBLE
PHILOSOPHY OF THE CONSTITUTION – AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The Preamble of the Indian Constitution embodies the fundamental values and the philosophy on which the constitution is based and the aims and objectives which theConstitution strives to achieve.
Purpose of the Preamble:
The Preamble to our Constitution serves two purposes: -
It indicates the source from which the Constitution derives its authority;
It also states the objects, which the Constitution seeks to establish and promote.The Preamble seeks to establish what Mahatma Gandhi described as The India of myDreams, "…an India in which the poorest shall feel that it is their country in whosemaking they have an effective voice; …an India in which all communities shall leave I perfect harmony. There can be no room in such an India for the curse of untouchability or the curse of Intoxicating drinks and drugs. Woman will enjoy as the same rights as man."
The Preamble:
WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into aSOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to allits citizens:JUSTICE, social, economic and political;LIBERTY of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship;EQUALITY of status and of opportunity and to promote among them allFRATERNITY assuring the dignity of the individual and the _2[unity and integrity of the Nation];IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, doHEREBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION.
 
 
The importance of the Preamble:
The wording of the Preamble highlights some of the fundamental values and guiding principles on which the Constitution of India is based. The Preamble serves as a guidinglight for the Constitution.The first words of the Preamble - "We, the people" - signifies that power is ultimatelyvested in the hands of the people of India. The Preamble lays down the most importantnational goals which every citizen and the government must try to achieve, such associalism, secularism and national integration. Lastly, it lays down the date for theadoption of the Constitution - 26 November 1949.
Important words in the Preamble and its objectives:Sovereign
The word sovereign means supreme or independent.
India is internally and externally sovereign
externally free from the control of any foreign power and internally,
it has a free government which is directly elected by the people and makes lawsthat govern the people. 
Socialist
The word socialist was added to the Preamble by the 42nd amendment act of 1976.
Strives to ensure a welfare state
It implies social and economic equality.- Social equality in this context means theabsence of discrimination on the grounds only of caste, colour, creed, sex, religion,or language.
Under social equality, everyone has equal status and opportunities.
Economic equality in this context means that the government will endeavor tomake the distribution of wealth more equal and provide a decent standard of livingfor all.
India has adopted a mixed economy and the government has framed many laws toachieve the aim and the Child Labour Prohibition Act.
Secular
The word secular was inserted into the Preamble by the 42nd amendment act of 1976.
 
It implies equality of all religions and religious tolerance. India, therefore does nothave an official state religion.
Every person has the right to preach, practice and propagate any religion theychoose.
The government must not favour or discriminate against any religion. It must treatall religions with equal respect.
All citizens, irrespective of their religious beliefs are equal in the eyes of law.
 No religious instruction is imparted in government or government-aided schools.
Democratic
India is a democratic state. The people of India elect their governments at all levels(Union, State and local) by a system of universal adult franchise; popularly knownas 'One man one vote'.
Every citizen of India, who is 18 years of age and above and not otherwisedebarred by law, is entitled to vote.
Every citizen enjoys this right without any discrimination on the basis of caste,creed, colour, sex, religion or education. 
Republic:
The head of state is elected, directly or indirectly, for a fixed tenure.
The President of India is elected by an electoral college for a term of five years.
The Post of the President of India is not hereditary. Every citizen of India iseligible to become the President of the country.
THE IDEOLOGY OF THE CONSTITUTION
The Constitution provides not only the structure of the machinery government but is also pervaded by the ideology of its makers. The Constitution of India embodies four differentideologies which are derived from the person who participated in the struggle for freedom. These ideologies are the following:
1. The Liberal-Democratic Ideology:
The liberal-democratic ideology thought emergedin the West around 17th century finds place in the Indian Constitution. The Principalleaders of the Constituent Assembly, Dr. Ambedkar, Shri Alladi Krishnaswami Iyer, Dr.K.M. Munshi and Shri N. Gopalaswami Iyengar and others were devoted adherents of liberal-democracy who have enshrined the liberal-democratic ideology of the IndianConstitution. The basic liberal – democratic ideology of the constitution is that it ensuresrights of the individual, especially rights to property, right for democratic institution,
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