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the need for tllc lixccutivc ro have acces$ to its cCImpcrrent of the 'Tork Barrel System" embodied in tlre

various lump surr\ discreiionary firncls, as n'ell as similar funds that exisr off-budget ?0

3.32. I-{encc,

t}'ris

Pctition.

ARGUMENTS IN SUPPONT" OT

PROHIBITION

I THE HONORABLE COURT TES JURSIDICTION


OVER THE INSTANT PETITION

A. THE

DOMAIN.

THE PORK BARREL SYSTEM'S INTRINSIC CONSTITUTIONALITY I' SOTELY \T/ITHIN THE HONORABLE COURT,S
LEGISI.ATTVE
C

QUESTION OF

S. THE EXECUTIVE A}ID


REVIEW ON THIS

BRANCHES CANNOT USE THE POLITiCIiL QUESTION DOCTRINE TO EVAT)E JUDICIAL

MATTER.

II

THE

PORK

UNCONSTITUTIONAL.

BARREL

SYSTEM

IS

A. THE PORK BARREL SYSTEM VIOI.ATES SEPARATION OF PO1VERS BY ALLOWING CONGRESS TO INTRUDtr INTO THE EXECUTIVI' DOMAIN OF PROJECT
Th,TPLEMENTAIION.

B. THE PORK BARREL SYSTEM RENDERS THE EXECUTIVE AND . THE LEGIST.ATN{E BRANCHES FBATICALLY INCAPABLE OF CHECKING EACH OTHER IN BUDGETAF.Y -inEREBy AI{I} i ctsnR MAITERS,
AND BALANEES.

OFFENI}ING THE PRINCIPLE CF CHECI$

C. THE PORK BARREL SYSTEM OFFENDS THE ACCOUNTABILITY PROVISIONS OF THE CONS1 ITUTION BY CCINSTSTENTLY 30i1f#ffi *'"::T,::::;'"T|:,T::F"*:H: j:::*J:-::lltlr:,neDali'rrquirerr{rugust

L-'

'{

DEMONSI'RATING OVER THg PAST DECAI}ES TI..I4T TT iS --I..*fPERVIOUS TO PRACTICAL CONTROL AND ACCOUNTABILITY TyIAASURES.

III
THE CONTINUED FUNDING l"l-in IMPLEMTINTATION OF THE FORK BARREL SYSTEM

AMOUNTS

DISCRETION.

TO ACTS OF
IY

GRAVE ABUSE OF

."

THE PROVISIONS OF THE CONSITUTION ON LOCAL AUTONOMY AND THE LOCAL


GOIrERNMEhJT CODE"

SilPNNNLUOUS A}.ID UNNECESSARY MECHANISM THAT OFFENDS

THE FORK BARREL SYSTEM I$ A

THE

NOT OUTRIGI{T VIOI.ATION OF VARIOUS CONSTITUTIOT{AL MANDATES, II{CLUDING THE PROSCRIPTION AGAINST POLITICAL DYIUASTIES"
DI$CVSSION

CONTINUED NON,REALIZATION, IF

PCIRK I]ARREL SYSTEM ET\ABLES THE

THE HONORABLE COURT HAS JURISDICTION OYER THE INSTANT


PETITION.

I.

A.

THE QT,ESTION OF THE PORK

CONSTITUTIONALITY

BARREI,

SYSTEM'S IS

SOLELY $TITHIN THE HOhIORABI,E COURT'S DOMAIN. The President has officially stated that there is nothing "rntrinsically wrongD wirh the Pork Barrel $ystem even i{ on the basis of tbe COA lleport anil the repeated scandals cver the decades, it has been establishecl that the s*id system offends separatio'r of power:;, wrecks cheeks and balances, and ffouts accountai.rility. Both houseti of Congress have indicated an intent to maiataia t]:e system as weil.

;a:
?r

As sur:h, this Ilt.t'itr,rrr is i'jlcd urrdcr thc Ilurrtlraltlc {.riur:t's ccrfior;tri jurisdiction prccis*l-v *n tlrr'(lucsti{}tl <:f wlrctlrcr tlrc cr.ntittttttl cxisturcc of tirc Pork Barrel Systcnr is justified $ilder thc provisions of thc Ct:rrs:itution rJVhat is questioned is uot the pi)rver of the Executive to propose n'hich items t<r spcnel or1, or thr: pou,t:r' of Congxc$$ t() clctcrrrinc whielr items proposctl will iLcniallv be funtied bl rirc government thr*rgh its appropri*tion acts. ll"ather, lh* question is airr:cd ciirectiv at tlie rrrechanism and rofiduct of those fur:ctions, inss:far as rlrn' irre dotre in vi<ilation of consiin:tionaily-rlesignated
limirs.

In other: word$, pctitioners do not question the "u'isdom" of the Pork lJarrel System. l{:rt}rrr', it is bcing asscrtcel that contrary t{) thc sr:uic,l of thc poliiicai irranches, ir is: {a) Luleonstitutional; an3 ft) aillsunts to lyave abuse of cliscretion, wirich placcs the instant petltion within tire l{onorable Corut's
jurisdiction.ll

In this scrrsc, it is rvorrh stating rhat any act of govefilnlent - be it Flxecutive or l,csishrivc in nature - is subsumec by the requirernent of cernstjtutionaliri,". And any act eveo if within the powsr of a braneh rnust always bc measurecl agrinst tirc "ieg;al sfandards of the Consrifution". Ifl Gareia v"
Exeaative Secretu44, the l"fonorable {]ourt stated:

''fhe powcr of iutlicial rcview is the power of thc cotufs to t{:$t


the validin'of:cxccurivc anci iegisiarive acts for their conformiry q'ith the Cctrstirrrrion, ?'hrongh sueh power, the judiciary enforces arrd r,rpiroltls the supremacy of the Consdrution."
Becausc
issues raised assailing the vcry existence of lJarrel Svsrtrl'r, the Hxecutive brancir and the I-egislative Branch can

ol tirc consiirudonal

the Forlt not claim suprcnracv r,rvcr lhe l"Ionorable Corrrt and insist sin:ply interpretation that the saicl systern is constitutional.

on their

The porver of budgeting priorities rnight be exclusiveiy "political" but, the manner by wliich rhe power is exercised is certainly nor, The L{onorable Cou*.has exercisc<{ juelicial review on sin,ilar occasions. Most notable of these irrstarrees is the casr fif Pascual v. Secretay of Puhlic Wodr#s, r*"herein the Honorable Courr exercised iurisdiction despite an anempr by the public respondent's to sesist citing the supremacv of corrgress in all matteri prtaining to the power to lcghlate;
"Respandents clo not deny the accuracy of this conclusion, whiph is self-cvident. Flowever, respondent zulueta conteneled, in l'"is mclticln tn disrniss that:
21

Tanfrda v.

Angar4 2?2 SCi{A 18, 4! May 2,19t}7.


18.

G.R. No. l5?584, A,pnl 2, 2dti9

tlr

$upraatnote

1l law r?r\\, pirsst'rl pilsst'd by rly L,$[gr_qs Congrc-ss and and approved by r]re _jr Prcsidcrlr ca* rever bc illegal becalse co'gress is the source erf all laws . . . Aside frorn the fact that f,novanr n.r :lwsre of any law which rnakes illegal 's th:. ljrr:rr-rnriori:-.rl*"-.iif public ft*rds fnr ii-r" imptovcrncni of wfiat ivc in the mea-ntime, rnay

JJ.,/

f*:I"*

rs privare proprry . . . fiecord an Appc*f

j.

ll'he flrst prr:p*siri+n be rejectcd ffiorit emphatically, it '*ust of being inconsisrcnt with rhe nafure the Gover:rment esrablished under the (lonstittiLion of the llepublic of the philippines anci the sy$ren cf chccks and balances uiriledying tiur politic,rl struct rre. More*ver, it is rcfirrcd by rhe decisions o? this b,,*ii""il;;;; legislativt: L:nnffIni:1lts dccmcd viclativc of the Constituti.r, r:r rlriprlic lals."

'fhe existenc.e of ;r-parendy unconstiturional a* ca"rulot be lcft to clcpend $n the political whin"rs of tirc fwo branche*. Even as,suming that the Execudve abolishes the Pork rlarr"er sysrem in its pr**"r,, r*rm, fhe sune does not gus'rantee against the rcvival of the system on a later date, quitc- o"--rrr[ when another perunn occrrpie*- rhe office in rhe furure. ,r* Honorable court's pourcr tt: definitiveiy ruie o" ti* r:f tiris mcchanism of govemanc* su.h that its adoption or abolition "urdiry will be definite and$d!.no ionger depeaci on tire perso'ar i"tegtrr, of ,h" .*t;r., o..up*t.

rr"-1lij;;la;ri,*

B.

EXECUTIVE AND LEGISI-ATIYE BRA$ICHES CANNOT IJSE THE POLTTICAL QUESTTC}N DOCTRTNE TO EVAIIE JTJDICIAL RE\rrEw oN THIS MATTER.

THE

? "political qu:stion,,, tl.le Honorable Court r*roi.,o jurisdiction to resolve the tflstant Petition.
uailer ,1,*'t*g: cl*rn;; the il.* rhat a r"na*er concern$ a ..psriticar quer;tion" is nor a slrirrir ris.ainsi iut{iciat *.r'uoy"- iir" i;;il;;Jridoinn i, explicit in.eiefining rhc :icopc "r iuii*al Fouier ;A ;- a*rhorirv of dre cCIsns tr: el*terrrrine in an :rpprr:priate acti*n the vahrtiti, il;'3r;;'il;;;

Even assuuing thr:r the issue coneems

department$,

"f

d r: rr:rcea b,-, ";Ji" ::* .Xr:H J' rX -X ;:-:il there has be,:* * {r{ave ai:use CIf riiscred,*" uoo**-*J,. r-d. ,,,
dern andabte a'
e

"ludicial powcr.. itcluries rlie llury erf dre {oruts cf j*srice to .I setrie acti:ai coiri-r()i.cr-sies rr---, :

r:f lurisciicrirn on the part oi any brancir nr ins:m,nen.aiirv of the {k:vcrnmcr:r." fArt. YIII, Sec. X par. ?l
e:.ess

entitlcd ifi thc {lor:iinissiiin oi1 Appoirrtrgc'ts * a cicrrgv ,.Jxrliticnl', act. jrionetireiess, ri":c ! lEx:';'ar:it: {.<:urt rulcr! rhc iss*t:s rvcr. irisriciabk sincc it ifivr;tverl ,rhr: L-:galitr' - rrqr{' r!"rc wisr..!ccr: - r>f thc {n:i*:ie{ i:f *gi:lg t}:c Cornn*ssicln ttil Arut.,irrtrrrcrrts as prcscribe*J i:y iiecricln iB, r\rdcir_r l,'i oir;re Constifurio*.

1'his expandc'i ccrticrai pou'er i'las resuitcci in scveral caii:l; rF,hcrcin thc i.ionorabie ilorirt rtssrrntr:tl jurisriicrfuxi evcrl if rhe is$ue wanp,riidcJ irr-rrno.r*. -lle gull*gs of the l-ir:nora!:le Court in the cases *t Biz* vs. Sing*rtn. t*srte*g v's, rt{frr* srr., i*r<! d}uingc*a srr, t's. G*nzai* fiir iiistaircc r",sriivrij issues .assaiiiag the aets r:i tire ieaders cf both .l:k;u:;es of {iong*ess isr apq]tionirlg am{-}rii. pciirieai part"ies *e se*ts te, whieh eaci: ehamief, rrras

being justified as *t bt*g ..intrinsicall.tr,..:*,rong" *lA 1iecessaln, for effcctive govfrnance= Tjre E-reruu..r* ae.J r!:e Legislaii.,-ei:re*ci:u= d";;; .r=" *lupo*a\at billior:s are losi cvclv vear lu coriiptiern rinder rhe Fork Farrei Sysrem. And yet the system is mai:ita:ned despir. tt . ackn*xlerigcl suseeptil:ilir.,u ta eorzupti+:: su::piy b+:cau:;e i;+th i,-ranches are cauglit by tieejuie cf dticretiorrrrf ard - as esia'biisi'rerl bv rir:: ilfi;i iteporr - unacc$!"r*tabie spending"

t\ 1:ubiic <tffici:ri *'it. ''villingiy cc,lun*er; or :lii<.r'*s to conrinlc xn).act oi p{t-ii'{-t:ttll iirai vioiatcs iirc 1;rovisions oi rirr.: ilor:srinrdcrn is c*[ra'r#cd in rets 'f iFr'r*'e ab*se of discretirn' Wit]:in this forn:ulati*a, the igsta*r pedti*n falls *'ithilr *e Hc'+arei:le C*urr's p+lser t+ rer"i**'**r* a key allegatrla lerein is ti-rat *rraugh fite cqrnrj'ucri iunding.and impiem**ir:n of the cornponents ef the P*rk Barrel St'steril thc twi: izt pall*eul bra:rr:hcs arc engng{,t{ in.acrs of S;l"-'e 'qbuse +f di:;ercti*sl- ll in'rsi bc staicd &at the consd;*tiv act$ of crave abuse [i'e. aiiowing iegisiarors ro rerain Ii*r]AF ese,: if it i* uncor-d;;;; .TTFuinS lump surn, cli.sereti*na:y fi:a.Js, and aiiprplllg si:niiar f,*rd;; e'ojsi are r?oi .-vri: ,le#eii bv th* pulilir. *f.rr..i*nts, and insreaei a-re l{-b"cg-t-l

ln Estrads *:. Exsiertda the lIt;*crable Car,rt lilcewise cr:ndere{i rhe iss.e jr:sdeiebie whcrr il n:ied that tiic "ig8? Ccr-rstitutior: iras eriabicd it to exereise ludciai revierv rr.,irenever there is any *ccasl*n of gnayr,. ab*sc cf #screti**, io wic. "'1*$ a f;icai dcgice, the 1987 Constituiion iras narrowed the

reaeh

af rhe t'oiidcai d+ctcke u,hcn it

lur{ie;al rt!'1rv,.' '*.f ti::s e+urt ::+t r-.,::i;' to seftie acani ,o"Loul-r=r*, trivol.uing rights wlucir are iegaliy ciemandable and enforceai_.,ie bur aiso to determlnervhcther ot r"tot there has been ,i grave abuse of discrgdon g.ft'tol'-rr.!flrr tr-. i+r'L .)r av.44e

expanded the por,vrr

of

bf

iudici*n' lias focusrd on the "rhr:ri shizlt ncir's', of ti:e corruar,r:i,r.,

"* o;;::

r,T;L::;f;

ffi'":;frf

^i'-,,,;^,r; .H;_T

*:,1#
i +:i

of irs iuri-*diction. witir thc new are gir.en a greetir prerogative t* deiennine rvhrt it cai: dc to prever:t f,{ave abuse of iiiscreti+* arnsu{rEs}g tc !aci< {}r ecce$s of Judsdierion r:n rhe part ci arry i..rtneh. *r iirsrumentaliiv cf go":eg1rncftt, Cleadv, thc r-:eti/ provision dici nct jusi gtant.the Court For,vr of d<iir:g nothing. In s;'nc a*d si'r'n-*ietrr,' with this mtent are other prr:visions :f tl:e 198? C+::*tirrrd+:: ir"irt:rr:i::g th* s*: c*iled p+liiical tirieket. xxxx,,
disecteC apSrinsr thc exercise
h,-f.,r.'e*e::, ecrurt*s

pr+visi*c,

there ev{-rr was a <iecisive rnstanee where the 19E7 C*n:;iiri.rdiints expa-nel*d juelieid pn\L'cr rv*r:ld be justified, that would be this corltfi]'irersy since bcth pclitical l;i;inchcs aic caughi fu: a sclf,se:r,i::g, unc+:rs$futio*al impesse that neit-her is inciined to break. In the meantjme,-each yerr rhar rhe F*rk Barrel Syste;:: is r::aittained, billior'r.: arr: !r:si {:verv year f{-} corrupticrr,

ii

LINCONSTI'TIrTIONAL
ia--

II. TF{tr PfiRK BARREL SYSTEhf IS


,"VIOI.AT'ES SXPARATION
pGlVEe.S

TFiE FOiIK FARfr.EL


BY

S-t'STEbI OF

AI,L+g/ING eili-IGft"ilSS Tfi INTRUiiE il-.iT0 THI1 EXECUTIVE DOMAIN OF IE*:C _i-,':1.{}EFstrJ3l4TrsH.
Thr'cughcur e*:tsriri:dr:r:*! , rr:ainrainerJ
i:.isr*ries eer*s$ *ldcns, *. ryall 6as be*:a in recrlgnition rif the simpie faer rhar even rhe -,auesi c,:. litar.esmen

:r:ight f*.lter r:.'h*n givca rh.* ccmbi::ecl pcwer io chr* se ;i.,btre ta *frt*d::ublic *:+ri*ii a:rd the pi)'tvr t<; tiii;r*lp $e#ir. 'il:is d*c:rhe is effibseliec Li,o.r, oor. Cansrirudon u'i:erein thrnugh various pr*visions, it s1>ecificaiiy alioe.ates power r-,r:'-,:r rh* L'r:dgrt brnvm: r!:* Exerr-is-r.* bri*eh and iho Lugisiarr_ae.?s As srrch,
i \ncre rl tna .,'1..r-,.,
.t..,-l^. :5:i:l::. .,, :iiL:tiig;

"$icd.--:t !+ 1!! a;-rpr'+priati+n, revrnue r:r tari$i l,-iils, bills +**:ir+rui:.:g :t.:cr*a+e +l the p*b'iie debl, l::iis +f l+c:i ::ppli:*t-ie:"r, r:nd p:'ir.efe biiis, shdi +cginete e.rc!,isirei;., i* a!.,* lio'':se alRepl*.c'ji:l.tt:'.-r,s, ir=.:r tl.:: Sen:'-ae i-r:r.,. pr+Fose c: {+E!{Ef r"i.,i .:.r::e5:.lr:-:*:-l+_ ' .icct:o:r
l:-1.

i. i;-,.

Th* Clr:grcrs rr',;r\ r'^ut ir:crelse the ircrropriaiions reeornmend*d bv tl:e Fr*sirlent for $e opereilr,r ,:-c_ (t ,.ernment rs sne.ifie.j"in the budget ii;r*;, ;;;;;;;; ii -ttani:er of *rcpr:rtr,.'r ,ri tir.: |u'Jgct shall lie pr6cribed l1* !a*..
rinless it relaies speciiicillf i+ som* partic,.ilar apprcpriatia:i :herJ;ii, .Eni, euch prar,-i"-ior, or enactment shrll l:r: lii:ritr-'iJ i;r its aperadon to the ::pprcpri*ticn t+ rvhicS i,: relates.

iic

pr+r'isi'::: or iltl':t.tn.lr.rt

sl'rall

.be ernt'raced in tlie geilcral appr*;:r*riar,s bil!

The Prrict-:<L:ri, in :rppia:'ing appro-priatir::rrs br tle Cor.lgless sl.:cll strictlrv iall+u. . th* procedure lcr *irirrr;"'ir:{ ::pnrcprintionr for *ther departn:e*ts *tcl agenries.
Secion 29. mrrney shall i--e paid oul ,of rhe ?reesury except in trursu,ancr: of an tppropriatren nrircle by in.-'.,. rr:s i!! morter' ,:t!!ectrrl on any ta'< lrvierJ fi:r a sp+cial pupose shall be trearc.J as a special ti-rnd and grarcl r.-,u! lirr such purpose only, If the plrlpos; fioi which n special n nC rvgs

No

,"

'..,

the Legislarurc irolds tite power to approve the budget, it is rhe lixecutivc that crcates the p*p'sai31$c Naiional lixfrenrliture

YH*

.a1rlLtai

Prc;gr;irn.

When fhc {l'trrrrn'rvirlc f)cvclop:r-rcrrt lTunrl {(:Dl} .rv;ls c6all*rged beftrre the l-lcnor;rl>lc (,<iurt, rhe i-Iontxable Courr expiained the pcr.missjble buundaries within whir:h each Branch *f g*";,fu.n, *oy

*dry"tt-p()ccs.\' EnrigueF,

parrici'arc in the 'l'rrus, rhe rlonor*brc courr stsrccr in phircansa us.

recomr.nenda_tor],.

th; .rlonorul* merntiers of^ (,'o*gtess fail within" rhe sfecific irems of expendirrues for u'hich the FuncJ rvas set up, uird if quarified, rre next clete:rmi*es *,rrcrher they are in 1ine with othe, pt;.;; 'propo**d plannecl fcrr rhe l*caliry-. f hereafter, rhe projects lf Qyaiify for ftindin3 under the Funds, it i* the p;esident who sha* them. In shorr, e. $n**:ij qv rire rncn-rbers of Cet_rgress are ;r*1,"
['{.1

'"IJrc a*th'rit1' .qlveyr to thc mernbens of congress is orrly to Psap$-a&d-rclsLqdj:prcie*s ro b* under Arricre xr.r irf the GAA presidenr must perfarce exrrlrrne rvhether tt* "ff?%G *rrb*itt"d rry

ndcrscoring suppliedJ-

Philconsl -, rr-.-'-.--. --.rii,rrra..r *L^


congress
prclJeets.

i; ri*i,.;

must <lnly recomnrcn<.j. not dictate.

..*orementatj j'* rhc :.:,,itTJ:ii.,pn,i c,n., or ubric ilff:f',* Notably,";:.,': cnix of the reasoning is the condition that Congress
::

;";l:;,ffii,,f ,:XH;:r:",f:i?l_#-f tJ ;;
^--:--,
p
i

e 1,,g m em ers c ;;;ffi; ;?#:Tff; 1 {i", i-:::':: j3:l ly "f pw*"* ;" ji:.:,jj" pover.Ur iJ,"., """j8, anrr. ;i l:*"1 u St*etaqr B;;;;7f;_.';ffffff f{::t:,Y::yoty recr.Erizing .r,- p"**..ili "f ;#JT;#;"

3::"j.tiyl

*xx:::

chail*nge against the pork Barrei .sysrem w*$ dismissed 1,"t:1,:^":uentr* v


rj
b

il"ffi:

;;X ;:.'.**:i,:i,r::0,'1 eonstituti<lnal linrirs. to iwit: : :n:-

rivo {2) p ori

ffi the in tiearr;;;;;ffix#TJ;

created has been i;ili'irccr or atiandoned, the barance, general funds r:f thc (ior,cnrrncnt.

if

._*_*_:*
any, shail be ftansFerred to the

Anicle Vit
section 22' l'ht Presirlent shali submit to the congress, w,riin thirty days frorn the opening of e*ery regurar sessio' as the basis g.*dappropriaticns bi[, a budget of ,olF"

:J_l.T"1H::,,TL,,'"u....

oi

rinancing inciuding

ieceipts'fL* .*,rong and proposed

"-*;i tt:

: .'

rr.iL Nc.

9..T,I"

lt3l0s,Augusr te, teer.


16.1982.

April 2+, 3012.

cl:irns' l)e'oid

19*vinci-n* pr*'rfrvirs preseated showing tir*t, ;oJ."a, there were direct releases .,f hrncis ta the Members Jr c."gr---, who acr_rally spend thern aceording to their s+le discretiorr. Not even a clocumenration .f rhe- disbur$emeflt *f funds ,by the lfBtvl in favar of rht: fufr:rrrbers nf Congrress w1s prc*cr:ted by thc pe*ci*ncl rc ccnr-i*cc rrre c*urt tCI pr,,b inro rhe truth trreir

, "Regrrrtrably, rhese a$egadon.s lack s;bsta*tiation. No

#;;* a cixirrnorl congrer*, thrlourt crnnot indulge.thf perrtioner's request for relection .f a laur rvhjch is lcga! :rnd eapable *f rar:rf*! enforcerserrt. I* o ;;k; 'thls, 'ufwardly the c'tr r i'" l,..r,.l. .rr a- riqri in treieren. r;;;;rJstrmpti,r,r of constinrao*arrn, lr:st rtre-*e6urr commits unparclonable judicial legislatj+n= 'J'Le cri';rt is nor en<Jawbd #rn ,u" puwr{ uf elairve;yancc rrJ riivlrc from scanry aiiegrations ," pi--C".,gr; whcre lustice a'nd t*rtr:...ric. Again* rlrwspaper *. *le.ctrnnic {eix}rts --ep*.iatr:.t g c ffccts cf r,*,tr ca*lro i i, j',.:.-itlr]"t,t'r by ;::Xg" ule L*urr, "'.f il.cause-of any issue as to their t;utir, oaaa,r*au, o, impartialirr, b*t frlr the simple reason tl:ai taet-e rnL$r be e*"^tabiishccl i* acc*rtiance witi,r th* rirles of *,ri,i*or..i' in a paper cr:dricci "Linclerstatding the polk

rrlis*'se *f llD'\Ir irr rhe fnt* *f kickbacks has exercise of uiisc*r1;iift.iuri &iembers of

'f iri-grl oi arr' pertincnt ..".d*lriuqr r,;prt"" trr.i

c. l-,agniaii, Ch-:ii-i:crst;r i u i il i c lionse: Commirree erf Appropriarions declareci that the i,egrslativc llor:l< Ilrr.r:cl is c<instirutional *sing phjlc.onsa ,.t EaneT*ez, llec;lusr:: "iiven rir()r(: faii ro rea]ize that since the advent of the cDF rhc rnsiinrtion of rt e pDAe *-:cis urp r* rhe :_l:::::i pte$ent, fheggles",bces? no nosf-*; ri-li {epOrT_D?v fiie (,ttmrrus$LOl3 rrruuii
:r tmptemcataiic;ii o f .gl

l;f:? *il,.P::l:'

,.:r,",:.r-rsuse

I {..lrJ+gr:rles 'Nr}Cj-rnlFe p,";;;,;'ry#,-, Barrer',3s, ar:d co*g. trcreer

/((f, r

.he r:tiiizatioa ajid

-#w.; 3:::*::::s, 11, p p'r:pri ate ver,:menr -s*;;yi sc ;# l': :, ::f ::"i5:i, public birl.lirrg. " i.i n derscoring suppiiedJ
a
I

ri3n because Members of Congress neither l-":.,fli:: . hansilr the tirnrt_* ,:ri,: in:ple$enr rh;;;;;r;.Th;urT;,rffi;':: lirnit."l n,-. , i. .. :. ! *rificutir,,, "' r iiir. rl4r r{rt:ttrII (ll .,fi l::::1,^::1,-,',., sui:jc* to a specific "u*_*i",li t*r,,. "t..he irnplemenmbc,r i$
r:1sc?r1ccp

:ldesq$"...'Ihis

#i;;;;-;;j'i

Ilecentll', *.'hen askcd. whv the PDAF Secretaq: of Buciger inr,+i<eil rhc CJnstitr.rticn:

is

mainteined, ,**p**d*at

Littlcr'-tantlirrgrirct""\rl,1l.;,'' sr':r)'t'rllr"t|1'r1't.'\".',:l',1c$, Ilc::.!iiL'r.l 1..!..tr;,i.,,r,,,ri(lu.rr.,r;ivLi,py


bt!nfilyeb.i]rrb.i,!...a!1..:)r.
:, !

,.

t:

r,.

ii

I r. i, t r t_tr

*pr:AoJ.'1.

cor:gress. A:: i*,ilsrte$t frmction of {-rri;ycss !;esides making laws'is what wc caij the pflwe{ of thc pursc. \){le caR't ,c*gre 'fnm thr: la-rvmakers rhe p$srflr t* scr'":*nir.*.*ui bucget and make sure tliai that bu.lg*t is a atigncd wirir the priorities cf the gqvef,rirne",,, lrl-.Jri" !ydp, 'rlecause rlnce v{f_* ::cmorr* fhif p'werr fra*ti **, rv!:ar wil!, ..,,5g *dl.fu!fill thai Finciioni \E&ar'we r;h*ulel warch tiut lcrr is rhe nieciciling (ot larvrnal<ers) that dlstort th budgc{,,,,:e

'*'L,a'vrnaki*g

is a fi:nctiE:r of

It is r*speer&lliv srrl:mitf*cl fhat, lhe recently releaseC tlte gap dcsciibi:tJ b;, ail t;f rhcse statemenr.s.
-tvhile

CC:l l{cpcrt

fille

rr is strli lruc that fextuallv, the various geteral apprcpriatiorrs act* srill purporr to jirrrir le#-*]ar{iss r,, a reecsune*datcry t*ic, Ee }tep*rt demiinstrat$ ilitrt thcsr, ii*rirs arc oiten r*.,rgrr;J in *r" breaci: ."urd have in fact' been rendereel inutile. h:eleecl, rh" .orr[nts cf, slrcws &:r-t '?ork Brrrei s1'$ien1" ilas arowcd tirc r*sruJu. bi.a*cj-, io ..rii_jar.k,, lrre entire l:ureaucraey. rrr Bermudez et ar, us. -Executive seuetaty er af*, the Honorable Couri srateei rhat a power rcmains recolnmeadatory *nly the exh+rtetiocl *r i*:lcisc:1ic:ri is 'lcrsuasive ii: eharaeter arrd ,i*t 1:in.ting ar tiiriigarory upcxr ri:e parn, ro rv-hom it is made.,,

ica

,n-"COi]il"r,

if

A s*tr'rrat,v

*f

rhc rtrajnr finding*

of the coA ir:cr,rcc the f*ncn+"ing:


(i.e.

' '

legislarars exr:rc:drd rheir respecdve

Ilespite g;.riiieliii*s tiiat eaeh legisraror has fixecr aiiocaii*ns F 70 &'liilir:n rnr {.Jongrressm*rr1, u total of sevenrv-F*ur

"

Despire grriiiciircs d:ar exientjitures shou'i be wirhio the respective clistrigs, rhe nbH.t released firnel,* fi-rr pr*jects eg,. s aive dj s tdcts o f sp *nsoring ceingtessrr,*rr. =, ff ::i*jh.t!,'t Reprirr estabiishes that NGd t*.ipi"nr* ..were 'T* selected on the basis arone of the pqpo,rteJ *,ri*r**r.nr by the supponing lcgslarors.,' iiespite existirg i:rrvs *nd administrative regulations, tlre c(fA Report f<'-r'd rhar r!:e legislat*r's p+'rl/r t* scrccr the F.rcc as 'nrequired under GptJIl Resolution No. 1 2-20 07,,.33 rn crrmpiere r]efi**ce of exisiurg nries asd regur*.tians, fhe LUA itepdrt fc*r*d that some recipie't NGo; [6 m totalJ *:r: incorporatcd by rhe iegisratnrs rrrr***lr.*s cr tiejr 'reiatir-es- Acccrdir:g to the cda Reporg .*r*"*** ia NGOs
I

ff4) 'i a[oc"o.,;;.;;^'-t \'

F
.!c

See "Pajaee:

2011 Avaihbl,,

p25-ll pork
?r

i:ar.;s

abad#i:szz?diimilgnl

'

Zi Aususr http:,/,/cev**ir:fc.inqi.:irer.:r*r/,1?3$3?lp"rf={L*f_r-_"y*_;r_:irii_ir6U_rl"r"_
rnquirer,

:'r

1c1.1 budger",

rTil-,*:^t'i:f

*lttrt:,n, rlaiiy

32
1J

G.R. No. 131429,0.1 A,rpri<r rogrr cf. Table 10 of $,e C.-, . ., cf. Table 11 of the C{JA ltr.nr,rr

,,'t,

;!ti
?.

\.,.

cf. COA Report. Part

llt- (.[r,,nr".

vriri<;us livelihooJ pi.ojcctr'' fiiprjcel by a tnral <if ri i 5:.409 foiiliion IIDAIT releases wc,re similadv tainf+-'cl" ll-,r\. 9is4 rvas fl*ufcil. pr*j*cts rl/crc orr, *au.rti**i I 4t .,ffi -: -.-l and srfiigri]

"ff 'fhc $:lpksli:ilrarir;* rif

reaelred p ,r", S,r lliliion,

The

Iniercstinglv. tlrr:. pdvate nr,rp**t"i** l:enr.:fitr:cl by rhc infrastrd.ture p;:ojccis wcrs .'.,Ldirri*ior-r, sorrlc t.,f which
receivc.tl i-untJs scl,eral times.

ie c+r*irlrre dcfia*cc c{ the i-ionorable {lourt's la*cliurk deeision i* Fascusf v$, secretary or" pubiic rtlofirs.it

lvi:l-c {r}r1$tructcci "in privaie iors withour any clocument to suppo'l rirc rurn over of such properties to tjraqovemmeat,,r4

Tiiry lf fari':ri c(lA th*t Fifq'-faui 1s+; inrrasrru*use

eluesrir-xrable legal ancl physicut

**rt."**

_rcjguief
pri.rjccts

As stated cailir:r. frsrrn 09.iuly to '15 seste*:ber 2012, the i*:plernentlag agc*cics aske<i i:i rlrc CCA ii) cr.:rirneni on tl.ei, au.iir htlrigh". The "vcrc nt ti . .r*ational Li'clihood Dcvelonnrenr Corporarion t':i:r"r},,:i*..",\ I.l )(_."'l rs the rnr:s{ tr:llilg a"" relayed b;,' tle COA I{cpcr:t thgs:
calfT ran

^_ii!?!
a Tv t\/\

has

suFerslse and ,asccrtarn proiect implementatian. xxx

i*ilv rclied on rhe office oi rhe Legisrarors rG

cstablishir:g rrir: rug:rr .rnd pirvsical i:xjsfenrr: ,,,r ntr;irs *r.,,j..r*".1 by dre ie;f:rrrrrs, br*cr<risrcd a niinibcr of NGos, rnd hrr.s i*itiaiy expressed iresirarrcc_in-bcing parr .f the pIfAF i*pl*;*;;-;;;;eady *s Nor.embcr 20$9...

i\LtJi, irirs i:cr:rr iti'icing infer intedocki'g personalidcs,

T'he prolccr inr;:icrncnfation


Droponent

legislarnrs.,,

is

directly particirlatecl bv -; the I

spans 2s0T ro 200g. within dris perioci, several stafutory anei atlmjnistrativr:_'usafeguards" we{e already in exisfelee &s a fall-aut ci:)r; s{{u'-r ri.l. pieq is but ;i;h-m. A:ror}ier crass rvi:ur.I l_:lu De inc (JUijcrrrirrerit I'r.ctrrcrncrri poiicy Boarci R-esolutions. ln tac(;;_;;; tlot go far and simplv quotc the constitutional reminder prohibiting a member of {-ongress fr*m l:t:!r:g <,li::ectii, interested i,. gor,.erirment cantrafts

'l'l^^ frr,r rr i*r Lij."a.ilcirr:rr

'3:lT

";-

"seerion 14'

No

Senator

l1;f*itl.
3i
14

shail h.,'di**.tly n, tuanclatly ia xtlyccrrtract rvith, .r vr or llr in dlt .r.ay :'"::.red franchisc or speeiai grorir*.i by the Co"****";, ;; ;; i;,iviiegc

Representatir.r:s tr.u.u*persona$, aFpear as counsel h;;; ;; corlrt +f justicc cr i:cfore the Electsral rribrui,als, or quasi_juciieij iand other aciministrative bodies. Neither

or

fuiember

of the House ,of

.-;+i
i**

ctl Table 43, COA Rep,:rr. G.R No. t-10405 d*terl 29 Deqember ig6$.

()r ilsfrurnenfality thr:rcof, itrchrtling ;ury gs".reraiilent-{}'.v:rr{.1 $r c**tf,ollcd cr:ry*tation, or irs sr.rbsirLary, during iris tcrnr of *ificc. i ic shaii nr>r intcrvcn,., in afili fiiattc{
subdivisitxr.
:ru-r.r1(:1',

befoic anv offiru ruf fhr: (lovcrtrmcnt for his prcuniary bcncfif or *"ltere irr n:ay i:c crlil'rl upon t+ act *rl acc+iurr t:f lris clfFrce.'"

None of tircsr: proscripritltlri rnart{:rcrl ro thc icl4islanrrs. As rhr" CO,1 l{ep*rt detdis, cr::rsritutional, statutof, ar"lrninjstr*rive and even ludicial
saieguartis were aii suii i iar i uisrtigai'd cd. "
"I=hc finelings

i*fracdan i* ihe irtilieatir;ir a;rd implcmmtaticn". ,A. Sc*at+r irnplic-tted at first tried to show tirat ixs hanc{rvriting was torged buq rhe COA has itciicat*d that they have doeurnent-* sl'rowing that the Senainr had canfirmed to tlien:. the veracicy of his signaturcs iri tlie PIIAI; rcleases.3{'
a

of tl'rc {.{}A llcport havc nor bccn crcdibiy ciisp'rrcri. And rreither can it CilA Reporr dnes preeisely rylipl the NarEratres llpe* refers to as a 'post*auciit reporr by tire {lommissian oir Audit (COit} Ckeirly associating anv Mcr.rber of Congress to a sedous abuse, misuse andfor
be. "l'hc

branch has otficiaily crred rhe coA l{eport a-" its basi-. in r:rlr::lsing t}re Statement dated ?.3 Augpst ?013, *i; well as implenrenting an "alri:iirir.rn" of the PDlii?;

on tire .rhcr hanct, th,e l{xecunve

'Tl:ere af tix"rse rviro'riEri ihe PfrAF ds their own pcrvate funci, tc use'as *rcy plcase. Thjs is cleady \vrong: lVl:at is ir'r.*h,ed lrere is the peopie's moncyi ir shoiricl be useci ior the i:*:nefit t i the people, anrJ nr:r fr:r fhe benefit c-rf a few greedy individuals. 'ffue sh'a,cking revcladi:ns of this misi;se*the laiest bcing rirc coA Speciai Audit ltcport in the 2AA7-ZAAI FDAF r,'hich rvas nleaseci this past \t'cck*-ar-e rntirl seantialnus, ancl so thr- tirnr has crrme fn
do iwo rhir;.rqs." L{oreover. fltt: rt'lc:'isr.: of rhc ofllcial Staternent of tJrc l::xccr:tivc }Jranch u'as n:ade i:r Sve t*bvisi*n ',r'hele the hcads clf l:*tft Houses cf fl;.s1gyss$ rvere seen behintj the ilrcsidctr as he rielivercd iirese words aiir*ning ,:ffiiiai actron on thc basis of tlre (l{-)i\ }lcport"

The. C{}A R.*pnri, indispr:ta!:1y dernonstrates the staEk ,:ealiry rhar iegisiators have bcetr cngaged in "implemenrrtion" by rvieiciing pou/ers so far beyond tJre ccntemplatir>n of ffrere rcoffuncrdations that li has allor*ed ts,$ccp irt. llr c*c pard.cular i:rstancc, a legislaror vir.b ci:cd by the f;*try {:OA far releasing his i}i}AF to s. iouadation bearing his farhcr's name" As deti:leci ia the firclings allov{:, the fact rhat legis}at }r-s carr c6mpel the avard of
3d
"Sen. Revilla himscli: r'criirc,J pi:rk barrel sansaction signatures

2013.{vailable
ggrifi

at

* COA" CMA

Nenv:ork Nnvs, 2? Auglst

.,ifi f$ ?.'

bilrir../u.ir.r.".!'rr:;rnet\r.t.lrk.rrrnr*rciv-q/sr*r-r,l32g9g/netsln:irio*r,sr,,r-rerill:r-himselL
r;,;u!,"ri. ir-,U

ed-pork-b::rr!i

i i:g33g.1res-!o:r.

pf{)iccr$ on trilc stl'r,lgtil {}i:il ntcrc rec(}r}rnlcntiation.aionc lcndcrs rirc prcrcnsc tlrat ire is merelv "r:r{:r}r1'!flri:ading" an *hiect lie. 'Iire fact t}rat a le-s.islator's letter can awiud praiccts rvitliiiut ;ini bidding, ixCIduce$ the same effcct, And per$aps worst of ail, the tact rhar legisiators can awarci ptojecrs ro their o*n '*G{is" gives rhe lie to an), elairn thal l:is wcrrd is anly ,.pe;grasi",e,'.

Fin*.lly, an ilfuistri'riior: cf hor*" :rbsolute and defi*iuvc thc pol-vr iegislatox wield or.cr proiccf implementation in compictc vioiadon of cor:sdrutiana! pri:rcip!,*,s c:rrr als* be tr,qccrJ fron rlne *f tn* recom,nendad*as made by the CC'\: also rccr:utr:tcrrdcd dr*t lcEisl:atars li*il their paftirip*tion to i*nif*/ia,'.t i;f 'tlr;ilirri, alid cssuls l!':at sr:c]'i i:r,ri*rits *g l.!igib!* rtnder firc rcrtls arrri provisions of tire Llcncrai r\ppnr;rri;,iirr,r* Acf"
the CCA tr; ar-li.ialiy rtcofiinrcrril thai in the fut*r*, lcgisiatr:rs liii:ii *"tl.pqoePation :rrtd a"'ttid implemcnung proiects is a stark'r*Jrgr"rion that the -iitatus Qun lcgislar$r$ are rhs *nes di*radng and whJ'praedeally !s _rh*r impiemenr FIlAli iunderi pr ojecis.
Fr-rr

"Il

To insist that the public and the Constitution should bc crmfrlrted by u'hat lcokf go.;"'i i;i, l;.ii;*r -- iitai-lcgislatols rcmaic "rfcoiiimc::dsrs,, - and ignor-e reaiiry as sirorvn i:r' tire coA's R.p.rn is too much ro esk. The extent of acrual participatiorr. if rlor ccxltrol .r.'ielded by tegislators oler rhe FIIAF has '*'rcckcd the consritittii:nri borurdaries, as dcsiribed lv tlie Il,:ri*rablc Caurt ir: LawJ,erc rry. Secrerprr.:
rJ:cre ::, n+ sho*,ing of a clect participrdn.: of iegslaror.* in rhc acrturl spen<iing ,r7 rir* bridger, the eonstirudr:nai

"sc lcr:g rs

boundarics beru,*e* rhe Executive and budgetar, ilrccc:i:.i r*;::ai* iniact."


I

dr- :*gjrlarive i*

thc

parapi:rasc thc iloaora-bie Lourt's words n Lawyerc v. Sectetaty, th* existenr.e nf rhr: fl{)A Reprlrf esral_.rlishes thaf the r.mconsdr,-rnc,nal ratrue of the tr)srk Barrel lir'*rtm is *ow'beyand "sucilrises arrr3 corrjeciures,,.

B.

THI], PORK il**O' AJ\IJ


A \tf\

LEGIS1ATIVE PRATICALLY INCAI'ABLfr OF CITECI{ING E,{.Ci.i OTHER, IN BiJi}GETA-RY AND $THER MATTERS,

I H.b BRANCHES
'l!rYr

RENNERS THE EXECUTN{E

SYSTEM

TH:]R:JI3Y CFFENI}ING ?HE

,ii'"
b..

BALANCES.

PRINCIPLtr OF CHECI(S AND

ir is e ftxrdln:erttal principie in a curstitutiiinal system thar rire airns of gCIrer'' under o*r (lansrirution's system of checr$ and balances, one department 'is g:i.,", tcrrairi perffiis rvhich ;, **y definitely restrain the -by nther-s frorn excccding .,,,r*itutionar authority. it may objec or resist any encroachmai irs aurhoriry, or it.rnav q.r.*tiorr, if ,rer*rory*rr1 3p?" r.* yhich unlawfrrllv inrerferes witli its sphete,ir;*trJl"ion and auth<:rity. ^.a'.rr This is best achieved if rlrc s'stcm *f criecks a*cr bdancss is .tservcd.
safcguarcrs of chccks and balance applicrrLlc relationship L'rcrrvcc' trr. J,,"ccurive antl thc l-egislar,rr= ur*,

'fhe texnrar

t*

.thc

'l-hese "chccks" worki*g togefher $sure fhat our golrernment is not captivc bv self-i'tcrc$i. dt l-tt' the tuncdons io rhe budgetary process anci virruailv pitting one u.u*1, against the other, the 't framcrs intended * precario,r, it*r,-.J ,a;:" *{';rote* public interest by nraking.it irnpo''siirlc tbr the rrvo learly Peilitical branches t' coliucie in the usc of public fi.rnds.

.itni;r.ly';;-1"**

The Lcgislartrrc is programmed to scrutinize rhe Execudve,s budget proposals' In rurn, thc l:lxcc*tive is intended ," ul riti.lded from the pandering of inclirridual legislarors ictr firnt-li'g. Legislative nnrr*"* can oniy extend to i9:l1ehgproiects l:ur' rhe tixecutiie uti'".t*t'"*rrr*s who rr: arvarcl ir t. as a shieltl agrinst Lcgislnr'rs gcrtcruti'g busi*cs* r.r, tt **selvcs or their firmilics.
The pork llarrel .q:,sreln rvrecks this balance. By inrrodu*p.'t- *u:, compo*c*rs of the pork Barrei system: .q) ti:e Legislafure's pD,'\F; o*r rr2) rhe Executive,s ever increasing lurnp {1) sum, rliscretionary funds, sotne of rvhich are nnt even fou*d r,r the budget, p*rk. the Barrel systern'has engendered a cultt,te of coaptatiur, ir,*t*od of the guarded caoperation
the consrirr.rr.on cnvisioned,

To begin wirh, th* llt>rh lJ.rrse! $y*tc*r dict rhe unthinhable it g:rve caeh lcgislator a direcr. io Fs{sotuiij,rreiert ti,e po**np *f t* y**ly budget" Wirh p

:*'l

70 tr{illion or I} 200 t\.liliiorr at stake e'r/c+' yc*r, cach memb,cr erf {.*r:1;rcss has becn uansfomctl frortr rt r,lisinterestcd participant or fiscalizer into- a ilirect partner investcd in thc succc$s of the budgetary proce$s. frndings shorv tliat despite all rexruat cxhorratioirs 9f riispassionate scrurirl]', anrls lcngth dealing and non-involvement in prolect

'Ile C(}A ltt:i:ort's

inrpiernenlation, lcliisl:rtt:rs and their families cannftr hclp but bc jirectly inr"oived in the sperr.li*g rir rheir respective allocations
a'

rf :.uy, "unpro{yamnr"el Iirinds" has been successfui.'ihe un;*., mal. lie in the realization that thc cr)rrcsp()nrJing PDAI; allocations thrr:ugL thc samc pcrinds ha'e also bee'i'crr::rscd l:r, the Llxecutive in its yeady proposals.
Another irnbal:rnce r.ttributable to the Pork Barrel System is found in the Legislature'l' conrinuctl inabiliq' to pass laws to cheek thc E*".ori"*l] discretioirary spcnclitls as rc,.iuirei by trrc conscirutio*, ro wit:
appropriateei for particular officials shall be disbursed or:lr, f<:r public prirpCIses .ro be suppo*ed by apprijpriai- ;'i;t:rhi . . .;;;"i-subjccr ro such gruclclinei as rrrn3, be prescribcd Lrv lau,."
fi:nr.l s

Morover, rhe ir,cltrsion of huge lump sumo discretinnary fi.rnds ifl the Nation*l Expencliturc llrogram should therlretically not pa$s muster under C'ongressioriil scrttrinl'. lrrstead llowever, the years hlve sec' thcsc fruid-; increase dtamaticallt'. Ncady rxrbridied power tt spencl in thc hartis of one per$on should iri,uLl- ;;ii l-6,"12t-rfi but no successfirl attempt to ::tem the rise

"Discretir:nar-l'

thc gcncral appropriations act shoulil $erve as the ..law,, tiat providcs guidelincs frrr riiscretionaq' funds ririelded l:y tire Exec*tive. But recent experieact shorvs rha| lump sum discretionary frurels cnltinue to be governed by va6prc, uncl,'::ar pridelincs rhat serve E*e udhty i" .ir*rr*tirrg Executive discretir:n. jiarll arrimposed at ail.
. -Ostensibly,

'fhe Presirie:rt's Soci;tl l;r:nd, sourcccl fiom the carnings of the philipp:ne Arnusetnettt irrttl (iiir*irrg (lorpor:ation arrtl rhe philippin.iirorirv Swcepstakes ()f,fice is an'Jrrht:r r:xrnr|k:" 'l'hc coA has prcvi*.r.ju flaggc6 tti,* ruj i' its 2010 report. |it:ting thc:r'ci;: r!:at of thc i)i.268 billirxr availabtrc in rhe fun{1, arouud P391 miili{trl'was .transfcrred to several }riGOs wirhout disbwsement vouchers and supporrins dr:cument." up rill now however, the Legislafure is u*able to rnove to Fass la*'s that wodi chaaael the discretion in the rrse of rhese funds within con:^rinr{ionai lirnits.

r:- CflA

jarru'arr 2*12",\r.:iil:ii;L-.

Questit:i:s llreJrJri:i.:ii l:r:ri,.1 l)isbursrrR{rrrs, I.rila S. S.yri11errir, }i"rilippinc ;ir ttsr-ajr:*:ll.;r: r,:.:+g!rtrer"n*f. il$i:r,$e$i'l"l$i,i i...:r,.}i,; r i r :.,
:

Dtly Inquirer, i5 ,'*iidg::i'j=ftC

I'fldr

irnpracticablb because while the rexr *f the c*rr.*l;;pr;iatjons Acr may pfi)vide-f<rr certain firrrds <Jr:c under PDAII, """*r drc Exectrtive,s conrrc,l r:ver thc timing oi rheir "itelciisc" - if at all - hokls Jr* irr.rioiaual legislators hostage to the wi:jms of the li,rxecutive. Bv, nper*rror., ti:e pIlAF,s existence has in effect rendered congrcss' "power or *i. Ir;;:, iltorory. .A congressman rvho fiscalizes the Exectrti:'e's b*dget proposal is subject to retaliation throqgh tlre "delaved release', cf pDAl;.
1.

'I'hc llork $arrt:l Si:srern is likevrise {esponsible for the mutr.tion of rhe Executive's powcr tc rintr: the relcase of fturds. vithout the pork Basre! Sysfem, a-legislator is not directll, interestcd * p**tular func.s release. .&,ith the inffedugtiorl of L,cgislative pDAF, each " Cong,ressman anxiosslT uaits for his or her zuttrual ll 70 i'{iltri,,,r alkrcatiri'r" o,tr;t* iui";;;; ilil.;c*rcecred witl: their p 20s i\,riilio' ail*cations. Irhe g***i"*'-;;;;-io'"di.rur* ,h* "ilelease" af pl)AIr reitders tlre bnl"rr.. t-befween the fwo bralches

The disruptitx rhe sv-steffi of checlis ancl balances also cxplains the coA Report finr{i'gs 'f i"girr"tor* or. ;;r; cause firnd reieases withaut bidding to their o'*.r:r ?:t,l:r* "N{,los", urrd o,- ,L- ir--i, rnerc r*r**rr, *-carnpiete defiance of existing.hws ancl regerlationr. "r Agencies belongrng mpru**ting to the Exec'tive tho*ri.h tcxtrally.+p;i;J to .t *.tu these lr31ch 'l;i' tmw*cranred reicases *rc l'r*l<J hostagt the_ i"gslatr.,rs' *l**, of similaily denying the Execudve's largesse embeiciicci in the il*p r;, ;;;r-donarv firnds"
Iadeed 1sre1d of checking each-other's possiblc abtrses, d:e pork E*.rrel sysrem has instituriontlizcri cc,dsion i:cnueen the two politicai branches to facilitare the continuin, rf trreir respe.ti,r* ;;;;;;*tionar *nd u*accounrabre spending' T1rere is littk: i*crttrtive to scrutinize the excesses af the other
iJranch.

materialiy impairs thc singre most check rrrc i.e:gisrarurc wierds ,r.,., Er*.itive Lranch * thc ia**, of inrpeachment. jlecc*r j*rirjc,rr r:istcry has witnerr"Ji]iur'*ll -the .nlXi l**.urio* iras little to fear fr't' i-p"".hm"n, Li.u,rr. ,*a*r lrork Barrel system a irresidenf may stavc cff impc:rchment:
a) directil' througrr rrrc i*dividuar pDAIr of regisratrrs; or b) indirectty rh*,up',h rire power over lump

Finally, rhc l)urL r];r'rel . lli,,*r' rrnportant

,.rir, dir.r.ui*r,"ry fr,rds

The hone*?_ nqq intcgritin the curreer Gccupants of the public offices _of rvho rvield discretiorr bt .t th.** fiurds i"r", ta-r*ito the issue of the {i,rnds, prerprietv the consrinrdon. If th1 ;;'th.j, ,rnnoe, 'nder are pr$ne ro +-J*j abuse and create a curh-rre inimicar to checks rur*ce,u, then they *"' cannot survive constitutionar scnrtinv no matter who achrairv.*-rd-

,nJ'

C.

THE PORK BARREL


OFFENDS

SYSTEI}f

ACCCUNTABILITY PROWSIONS

THE

$i+" t.;!"
't ,t.
I

i
f I I

CONSISTENTLY

OF THE CONSTITUTION

BY

DEMONS'IRATING OVER THE PAST DECADES THAT IT IS IMPERVIOTJS TO PRACTICAL CONTROL ANN ACCOI.J NTABILITY MEASURES.

ll"rc Pork llrrrrcl Slsrcm is also rmconstitirtional ftir consistently o-ffending and rcmaining in:pcrvious to accountability pruvisions of the Constiartion.
Article XI, of rhe Uonstitution statcs;

must, at all times, be accountabre to the pcople, serse them with utm<)sf rc:sporlsibiliry, f"y*f.r*, orrcl efficiency; ilr*S-r=ry, act with patriotisrn a*d justice, ancr rcai modert ri-r"*.,'

"section 1. Pr"rblic .ffice is a public trust. prrblic officers antl e-mployees

In relation rheretr, -\rticlc VI, Section 29 statcs:

of an appropriatirxr made by law. xxx

'trlp nroney shrll be paid out of the Treasury

excepr in purs*ance

alrandrncd, rhe barance, if any, the general funtJs r:f tire Govemrnenr." sections 27 antl zS of Ardcre
fjrus:

fulfilled

and paid out f";r;.h;u{pose onty. rf ::r':i.t:1T',lp*.ill.rund p"tposefor r.r'hich o-sprcial frurd was .r.rt.b hu, b..r, Tl-

All money c'llccrccr rxr any tax reviccl for a spcciar purpose shall

*r

,lrdtl-

;ansferred ro

II comprement

these provisions r:;, sating

'Tection 27 . "lltc sratc shall srai*tain- honesty and integriry in the public ser'icc and take positive and effec,i** *"urures al;a.inst graft and cornrirriorr.

of all irs transacricns i,rvblving public interesr.,,

iel1cn'28- sulrle* ro reasonable condirions prescribed by thj adnpts rrrd irnpremenrs a poiicy of frii
.!t3te

rarr,

;;bri.

disciosure

in Accountability requires rhat any g$verr?a.ncc mechanis;a _ an,J thc officials wha

order to achicve these goals, the eonstitutir:n irnposcs seyer*l safcguards to fr'lsrtre t!r*t nrrhlir--fueds are not ub,r**d, r{ro$t especia}iv by the peoplc entrusteri wirh thcir sat-e-keeping. 'l'he irrt*r**, oi the Co*srifurion

In

.;;'l

implement
thereunder,

if

it -

renrains ;rccountable not rirr-ough ()ther laws.

tri the checks

enacfe,_i

anrl

cr:eated

As such the prtivisitxrs on the comrnissian a* Audit in rlrticie IX-l), Section 2


sate:

"The c*rnmission or1 Audit shail have the power, afthor{tr, n6g dutv to exarninr:, autrit, and settre afi accorints pertairrirrg ;; ,h" revenue a*d rcecipts of, and expendirures of uses of firids aad pfope{6', o'u'ned or herd in by, or pertaining fo, ,rr* .t*rst Governmen-t, or any of its ,arbdirririorr*, ,agencies, or i*strumenraritic's, ircrJding g{}vernment-owneci or contr.oned colporations *'irh original chartcrs, and on a post_ au<Iit basis:
xxx

propertics."

fltre commissi.r s'ail have excrusive authoriq,. subfect to fhe lirnitatjons in trris ,\r'riclc, ro definr: thu oop* of itr; at*rir and examinafi*', csr:rl:lish rhe tech'iq'es *d' **th"Jr-r.q#a therefor, nn.t p*murgate a-ccounting and auditing rures and relSrlaticns, i'cltrclitr;; rhose for the ple,rention and clisallowance of irreg*lar, *nrecessa{y, **.*r*ive, ;;;;rg_;;*^"i* unconscio*aille cxp**dinxes or uses of g*vernme*t funrJr ancl

rf conSyess, fro* b"*g d.irectly inrerested in governmnt confrael>^ r:r l,rr inten'ening-in any *ott.Ibefure ior.r.***nt for his pecuniaf benefir. 'j'rrc {re,nstirutiu.,ii prorriri;;; * the ombudsman and the saadiganbayan oi,*ratr to act as deterr^e.rt *..h*rsrns to complement the cadier provisions
severar pieces of legisrarion have been passed t{r q.r:cnr the use af public ,**sr sotable of which is llepublic A.et No. Fro.*.-*o, ;e;ovnrment R*forAct err ..An Acr Prcrvie{ing 'for die hi'jcnrization, stmdarization and Regulatior: r:f the Frocurement Activirics of drc Govemment and For otheE puqposcsr. Tlie Aad_ and comipr pra*iees Act or RA 3t)1g .;*pi"*enrs these ro****r, u,

As stated cadicr, thc (lonstirution also prohibits governrnent officials, rao$t especially membcrs

Tb fu*her tire inrcrcsts of acc3u1t1!{iry,

li*+

#Jr,

ffil

As,sh.rwn ir:' it* i:oA Rcporq the llork Barrel system however ha= shorun irnmrurity to a* eif these L_tr."*y""d-;;datei ***u*.u- despite dccades of tryiag to stem the abuse. It has u*.rrrir* rt*ar rhat rhe very fact that the PDAF system exists outside any. co{rstirudonal process renders it impervious to any effective anci p:acti; ,hd-by Le corrsrirution,s design. 'fhe fact that P-nrl. F,,.*i-ar" nccordirrg t+ r&e COA repeatedly ''rtpl ano:nalously avaiied of, anrj in scme insta.nces ,rtru"l* io, dir*.t violatiof of pre-

existing guidelines

strength of saiegLr:rrtls rr::r''er

:i'cl lcgal requirements, littleio thosc *t

"

intlicate that the nurnber ancl ***1, ,., abuse the $ystem.

.*p*rie*ced legislators of rheir inabilir' ro safegrard the tilii"nu they spcnd *uch y*ur, then accounrabilin' rvirhi' ttt* consiiruuor.t" p*ru*eters is certainly not feasible. on the *tircr lrantr, lnayors who have u"*r, .it*o as pnAli ,*.;pi*rrr* have gone
readily confess

Worse, ifl thc n'alir of thc iatesr scandal's l:lu'nrakerss ll;eruL bu-,ingl unable to ..rrlonitor,, :evelaticlns, aclmissions by tirc fnnds they gave **uy evidence that IllJAIi spc,din8 canaot be effectiv*lv poli.*a. 'Ihe -r*r-if,|: lrc rnade m()rc ll:trr',titrt"- beiause the iarvm*r-"t* t"ho made them are ,'ot "political neoph're s" {)r iurbeeiles. If -.,;h;;"*oa

to cnflrrcclnc.t ar-rthoritjes to complain about forged sig*rrures.3e

despite repeated requests." i}{ore to the point, in the actual irn,:lcmentation of furrd releases, rhe COA Report details that the I)B&{'s ..paller polers" - and other implemendng agencies "- arr in

i" ;; ";;;ilrnere t..p effciendy mtniror retease, legislator, such ;.* that it l::n::.jj:,:l:1d could not provide a cclurplcte schedule

i(tuge unelcr Refuge unqle:r rhc i'rplernenting Ageacies'various powcrs as c'sroclians and implementers n.rt: t.,ra'ailing. For rnrlrr.*, ca.se of thc Department of Budget and lo'{aaagcmenr qnbnt'1,.*jf* rs supposed to be a form of coarror, thc, i;{}A rtepeirr expricitry ur"r*i d"i tL* DBM i.iuit.Jro

* Perhaps v-*ct.s the Lrru bc:sr r)L:sr rrustfauon illustration the futility the purporterl ,hew 'hew safeguards" :s rhe facr rrret rJre safeguard.s being fJar"a taday ar.e the sftrne R'meo canctazo died ,lr rc11s ,-g?. rhe .,,vtri s rtJblo*., r rrr* :;:-?1L I:. ::l-. by " *'hich its repCI$ers I inierviews r';i rh h i r::. A ieiling p** r*g*

*f r:t

of

::::*,Tt,::l,ltio

:H"*::3,*:::,:::',.i:t;T.'^.n::,
rle said fhe rhe ruci<l:acris ldcl<baclis rvere 'ne sal,'

\d-" ro*".-i."s. ige;;fi,

;ffi;Xffi"; Lr,-';; ;**il


ir-r-pr"a"li"u:il,j

;ffi:::T;

:sgp' amo',g legisiatr"rrs and ranted from

Pr::::::lt*::::t

drcdgi*g rzp rrppirtt, a.rfha/ting conmting and constrycdon of brddingp."+o fiiahcs suppliedJ

{rtira*g operating proce dure) 19 percenr?o n high 12 "Jyy .",ff o1y;fr nroje*, which ;;;;thins rrom
ichool

Interestingl,r,, rjrc Srlrrcmeat dated ?3 Augusr 2013 contains thc follorvirrg asscriioll;
t t_

of thc

presidenr

tt j,l:*gotr
201

*,

"Ex-ilfayars

\lil i;r Slred Light on r)D.{F Scam, r\BS-CBIr- l{ |":_Oji*r Lgaaniuau-euu..'.:.i,:.]i}!,1:riir

gcrrng-pork. Appears lJetnrc

Obligcd ru {-heck NGOs Gening porlc,' 3, arailablc.+r !irrli,,.i* irrr-.ii-1i-;

1Ve're Nc.rt

R)*

Chu:, ,{.BS-CBN Nervs, 15 August


.trugust

?t}li,

}:if-,

o.-,il^Ll^ at ar:rilable ^. &ft*;l/-:i:_.x.i il1r.;li,lr,,, First s.'hrsr!e=!i1,,"*rl,,

aorrunli"i;l;.ffi i/(i;i jj/1ul\clncnt L__. t t


fro*

availabls at

lrl truiF

r;*ili:l#iilff

scam, Central Luzon Dail;,, 08 "A.ugr.rst 2013,

See als*
.-'ii'
1,

*tllixzz3disamUK-] iljf:i:r.1;_#,#,;i:.,,,sini.:.i::cii:;,.,.,,,",1.r**+:il;,il;,;_;ffi:fili,ll:::::#,?#*_;ryj",,jjli:

'"'i trif-Eunnt;t i:,u reiiipbraa, infrastrrrcture, arrd neither can they be dredging, <tcsilting, regraveliing or asphalt over-iay proiecrs." saf*:guartJs:announced in the Fresid*ntts statements are not onlv rchashed, they were already factored in before and were in existence fr:r the past :trc decar{*s sinee the 1996 (lDF scam. And yet, tbey rvere sdll insuffieicill io ctlrb or p{event the sa*dal being faced today. There is no reasonable expectatjr.n rhat their rehash will result differently.

In other w'orcls, ihe "new"'

On the ctlrcr it:utr!, as eadicr lairl out, the ability r:f {Jorrgn:ss fo cxerci$e its power to check Lixecutive spending of lump sum, discr"etionary fulds is held hostage by the sclf-prcscr:r:ttory interest generated bV thc PDAI; sl,stem. As such. the natioa has secn rhe continued existence.of lump sum, disrcretionary appropriations, an<l w{rrs(: 'bff-bucigct" lump sum funcis that-are rrot evel ineiuded in nonnal burlqetary tleliberatiorls a$ required by thc Constirution.at
Despite the tnandate of Section 27 and Section 2$ cf ,{rricle I1, cf t}e Cons*tutinn, the pui:lic is hardly ever in a position to rnonitor the expendinue q:f rhese fi:nds. In *cr, even legislators themselves 6.r cirnplaining ibout the 'hesc of f-turds. Thc &{alampay* Fwrcl is a prini example. jopaque" 11j*'* Presidential l)ecree No. g'10, which crearcd the said frrnd states:

"Section B. -{ x x producti*n shs.re sn se*{ce {slt{act$ siadlry paymr-nrs on the explorarion, deveiopmert

President."

elpluitation of cnerg resources: shcl forrn pa* of a special Fund to be used rCI finance energl- reso*.e developrnent an<i exploitation protrxms and projects of the gon***int ar.ci for sueh other purposes as rnay be hereafter directed by fhe

arld and

Under thcse ter:ms, tJre Mal*mpaya Flrad,s uulization cgt not be effectively mo*itored Lrv Ccngpess. Firsg it is allowed to rernain ourside the lludget*ry -Procr:ss, anti tltirs escapes the usual scruriny of legislaiors. Second, because of the broeri ;rnd vaSyre paranlcters that gfoverrl its gsl {i.c. s*c}r other puqpcses) ti.at unril n{>tr', tn{l despite several scandals reported about its misuse iatest P being tufiiiion 9ii0 being implicated {the to NGOs invoive<l in the p 10 Billion PDAII scam), rcmain unrevised by Congress.

As earlier pointd out> the Presidential Social lrund. is alsc similaly qr,estionable in that it exists outside rhe budgerary process and no suitably defined pa{qffiefers cxist r:n its proper ,,** srr.}ith*i t}r* diseretion aff;rcled te:
the Freside*rt is avcrbrnad ar:d }acks appropriate standards

-,'c

al ci Section 24, ?5 and 211 +1 nrri.," VI, Constitution,

The uniimitctl discrction wielded over both funds - Malampaya and the Presidential S*eirrl l;ultl - rrc claimeel as justifiable because of allegedly being backed by iaw. Rut, to thc r:xtent that the laur's on which they rely ori provided fto discernible and practically applicabie standard thnt cail meet the Consdrurion's requircrncnts for Accountabfity, both are considered undue elcicnatiorrs. In ;16;r ktr{:t r. Ermitd?, thc f:lonarable Court laici out the tests for valid delegarion: ,
delegrrtion cf legislative pourer: (1i rirc cotrplcteness test and (2) the sufficient standard test. A law is c..rn"rplctc lvhen it sets ficrth therein the policy.to be executed, carried our o{ implernented by the delcgate. It lays d.or-rn a sufficient srandarcl rvhen it provides adequate guidelincs or limitations in the larv to map out the boundades of the delegatr:'s authorit_y and prcvent the deiegation ftom nrnnirrg riot, To be suffirient, the srndard must specifr the limits of the deiegate's adthoeiry, arlnouncc the legislative policy aod identi$ the conditions rurder rvhich it is to be implemented."

"Two tests rirtcnnine the validity of

Under this tesr, "such other purposes" does not quali$ as a discernibie S&ndard since it oir"t** *nr r"rr':rri{!,J-sadequate gUideliles or Limitations" to rnap out fhe "bounclarics cf thc delegate's authority". In the ca;e of the Malampayri Iiund, the sarry histr:n' arcsting to its r:risuse is the best examplc cf how the phrasc "such othcr purp<:ses" is so broad, i"; provicles no stanriard at all. Unfom:*atelv, thror:gir rhc ill effects of the Pork Rarrel System s abiliry ta t{npt self-irterest, ti}c Lcgislatuee rernains pliant and has left this aberration uncheckid.
Fitt*lly, in terms of cxacting accourltability from those directiy irnulicated ia the rnisuse of Pork Banei System, one reaiizes tirat the tradirional textual accountability slfigrerrls nf rhi'-es-;t 6fution are also rendered mearungless,

As stat*d cadier, ir has become clear that so lo*g as the Fork Barrei will ever be reasonably checked by the pow*r af impeachment. The rbilin' to wield both Legislatjve llllA F (througir timed reieases) and the l.r.xecuriv,: ])ork Barrel {throagfr discretisn}(y use of lump surn funds) is a peitenr,,comi>i;ration which can stave o;T several impeachment
Svstem remains, no l)resiticnt attempts.

Congress are imn:ure from their o.,xm 'i'he accounrabiii4,' r:reasures. Consri;ution provides tltat a *rcraber +f Ccngress rutv be removcd bl tlic I-Iorrse rvherein he sits for cerr*in gtave of,fenses, ttrhi.h pr*sur::ably r.;r:r.rkl invch'e misr-rse qf FDAF fusrds" In realiry however, no

In rhe sanrc vcin, rncmbers of

-*'
'{,. 1.

i3

G.R l.{os. l6ii(iirr, t662ri.;. it;8+{;i. l66.td3 & i6li73ii, {ii Septer*ber28G3.

mernber 6f Congess lras ever been subiected to such disciplinary proceedingS' And the coA lleperrr provicies the rcasofl why. The sheer amount of funds that a rnisused by several inttivirluals inclicate rhat there is littlc likelihtxrcl mnioritv can be gtrf,flcicntll' n'rofiy4fecl to cxpel a fellow member'

E*en the uirirnate eireck fetr accountabilipy under democtatic societies is excels defeated by the Pork Rarrels Sysrern - election. The Pork Barrel Systcm in self-peqpenradon si*ce it provides the rneans - rnillions of mone-r'to be used 6 .*op"ig" fixrcis - by rvhieh the abusive official cnrl pe{peruatc }rirnself in
power.

IU. THE CONTINUED FUI'{DING AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PORK BARREL SYSTEM
.-AMOT]NTS TO ACTS OF GRAYE ABTISE OF DISCRETION.
Against the backdrop established, the continued funding allocation and use for the two tZ) components of the Potk Barrei System is likewise unconstitutional fr>r bcing acts of grave abuse cif discretion. First, nnr.onlv havc bo_tJl.the Executive and Legislative closed their eyes to the uncoastitutisnal nature of rhe Potk Barel System it being against Sepa.ration of Powers and Checks and Balances, the;' contiuue to take advantage of its proceeds * The legislanue continues to avad of Cre PDAF and implenrint projects r-iirectlv, rvhile the iixecutive continues to evrde bucigetary pro.**r*s through its cornbined discretionarr use of ltrmp sum funds, and offbudget rnechanisms. :
Seconcl, tlrc sheer fact that over the span of airnost two deeades, piuader of public funds is rcpeatcdiy urd systematically conrnitted aad 3et the political branches remain inxisterrt on maintaining the Pork lSarrel System reveals a toleration-of sl.stcmic, insdnrtieinal corruption accornpiishetl undel a syste{n that unddniably culrjvilrcs patronage and teinforces co(rllpt political porver through the samc funds t*i<en advantage of'

'thi{d, by nrairrt:rirrini; thri l}{}tk l}arrcl Systern, both thc l:lxcctrtive

and

lxgislative allow the corrlinued proliferation'of unrleaiably corn:pt a:ts whicl: experience has sho*,n to be inseparable frorn the Pork Barrel Systern itself. To recor:at e few cxamples. The COA Report has indicated that one of the most important lines of doctdne tegarding Accountability and p'''hlic Spending which states that public fuads crurnot be used on proiccts that involve piivate interests a*<i pr*perrv as *-tated in thc definitive crse of Pascual u Secretary ofPublic Works and I,{ighways,is systematicaliy ficuted. COA report shovrs that lcgjslat+rs *re spenrling PDAF f*r non-public purposes thro:rgh llifty-forx (54] infrastrucrrue proie*s ccsting FF:P 161.5 Mil!i*n" As afarestated* the

h'';

'

COA's 2010 Repo* has fla1g;ed the Presidential Social Funti for similar rnisuse. And the Mal*mpn-1':t fitinci proceeds are no'.v being investig:rted fcr having lost p 900 Million to a "farrc N(1O." Such tolerance in the facc of irrefutable proof provided by repeatcd sciindals and now, the COA llcport constitutes grave abuse of discretion rvhiclr mu$r be checked by the Honorable Court. Further, a prirnan rcason why the Honorable Corut upheld the CDF in .Philcorsa v, E*$quez was the avowed policy that the "Cnuntrywide Development l?und attcffrpts to make equal the unequal." llecades later, the COA Report reveals the simple tnrth that this aim has never been met. With finclings that inrlicttc t{rat sevetry-fc}ru Q4} legislators excceded their allocations by sevcrirl r:rillions, the COA ltcport makcs it clcar that "equality" arnorig legislattlsa'i.l il;.;, .1i,;-.iusfis far from the reality.

ry.

THE PORK BARREL SYSTEM IS A SUPERFI-UOUS AND

UNNtrCESSARY MECHANISI\f
THAT
OFFENDS PROYISIONS OF

CONSITUTION ON LOCAL AUTONOMY AND THE LOCAL


GOVERNMENT CODE.
Any.-mechanisrn of governance, be it police power or not, is subiect tc the measuce of rvhether its aims are best achieved by the means employed and the cost entailed. 'I he Porli Barrel System fails this rneasu{e since the ;amc rnearis cafi be achicvecl through less onerous and more irnponantly, constinrdonai mcans.

THE THE

The avowed purpc.-e of the PDAF system is ttr 'oeqrralize" development across all districts and prcivinces of the corxrtry, A,s such the Nograles Papet'3 nraintains:

"M*y tnclc fail trl $.sr'- --that the dativeiy small proieets implemented under tlie PDAF complernent a:rd link the national developrneut goals to the cou$tryside and grassroat$ as'rvell as to depresscd arcrrs which are ovedooked by central agencies which a{e p{e$ccuqlcd u,irir rnega-projects."
A similar
August 2073.

iustification is found

in the President',r

Statentent dated 23

talerating the ills of the F*rk Barrei Svstem have conveniently ovcdocked that tlriu urro-ed purpose is both *op*rf,orr.rs mri

The

decadc;s

of

:i;t frT

Supra.

offensive to the Constirution's provisions on local autorr.omy and the Local Government Codc.

This is contained in the Constirutional exhortation that a .,systern of decentralieedofl" of national po\vers antl functions be fclcusi:d o* local govemmeat as Arricle x, scction 3 of the constitution starsl
"sec:ion 3. rhe rongyess shail enact a locar govemment coce rvirich shall provi,lr, fo, a rnore responsive and accountrble l+cal
z

govefnment strucrufe instituteel through


decentrali

ation wi th c ffective mechanisms oT rr ca ll, ir:itia tive. a:r d referendum, *llocare among the different local goo=;*r-,.J,, -p*,,i;;' *re1 gow$rs...res'on sihilirieq- and resourr.r, orr,l il, ;qrqlifications, clcctir-rn, appointment and removal, rerm, salanes,. powers and functions and duties cf local officials, and all .,th., relati'g ro rhe organization and opcration of the I'cat ''1fie.:s uruts.-'

a system .,f

In relation to this, Article x, of the constitrrtion likewise states: "Article X seetion 14-. 'I he lrresident shalr provide for regional deveroparent councils or other similar bodies composed o"f iocal g,rrr.rirrrJrr, officiats, regionar heads of depart*.rrtu and other offi.ces, and repres entatives from non-governmental !,ro*rrr**, organizations *{t}iin thc tegrons fctr purposes of aclriinistrative decentraiieation fo strengfhen thc aufonomy of the units therein and to acccleratc the econornic arld se>cial growth and devg-lop**rr, of the units in the region."

'rbe fuflctiOn sr:ur.rrr ro l:e senerJ bl,the pork_Bs.rrs! *tystcrn is alr*a*ly by i-*cat I)e-ueiriprrent Coftrcils Ltlc'i crearetl T:itg$y-mct in Section f -i06 of thc i-ocal {irvcr*nrcrrr il<xie <if 1gg1, t,, *it,' "TITLE YI: i-f Xt:\ i
D F:V!=ti,O pM E

NT, CO UNCILS

ecsnomic and sociai dcveloonrent, and eoor,linitir.,g efforts u'ithia its tcrri tr:i a! j udsdicti*r:.,,

section 106. i.ocal. iJ.everopmc*r co'ncils. r": Each rocal gclvefnrne{rt rurir sii:ll have a eoml}f,eh*rsi:re rsulti-sectcral deveicpment pirrri tr> i:e iniriateel Lr;r its a*rr.tuf*enr councii and aFproved by irs sang;eunian. For tlis purposel rrr. a"rr*t.rpr*r,t co'ncil at rhe pror,,inciai, ci-ry, *:unicrpC, o, ba"arrguy level, shall assist rhe currcsFfl.Jing sanggunian i"-**trirg rhe d.irecdon
of.

rt*o*t.rp**i
,,*:'

tr',
.'

JJ\J L, L,rfllLid,J.).

As suclr, botlt crxrstitutior:al atrd sf:rtutrlry p*llicv rctlnirc tl:at dcvclution naticnel func*c::** ir* ccursec thr*ugh th; L*cel Gcr,,er"::;rre*t Unit* f'LGIJ']. Tir.-'. J)'rri< iirrr.l S.;ste*n rrfiends this manclate by channelirg thb 9i: a1d tlre potrc,: to disoense thern to aational legislators instead ot: th*

cf

r r-Tt ^rc^:^l^

mxnicipal Ln{:}, rl:r: {.trrrgessrn*n hi*rseif" Cleady, if t}re pul:}rrsc is simpli, tr> bcnefrt iiorlr ilte lirti,u.ir'.i1',,.'rrlrrl insigirl uithe lcl4rsl,iiivu rlrulllJ(:., iirr..rr tlic lrr:si channcl to takc a{-hrarlrafic of t}rar insrght is the I.bC. 'Ilis is n't only rvhar the flrt*stituticn a*.-l tl:c l.r:c;li G<:ver*rnent Coele recinircs;, it ;rlsr: .,r,..4** a!! thc I '*fi*.r. pemicir:us cf rirt, iri;rl< liarrel S,vstenr.

rl"lc l-.ocal Government corl;u whieh pr.r#d*u ,h* composition uf rhe Ll)Cs. Acc*rr.lfig t* Secti<in iS7, c.,irc *f tI:* meinbecs .,f the LIIC is the "r(rpre-scrttative of the congressrnan" *r in some cases (i.e

by secdon 7a7 nf

t'he tact rhat rhc ilork

Bard

.System is superfirrous ir; fi,rrther highlighted

the rationale behind that pr:wer is superfl,rJur.

Other than that fl'rt i.,r;cal (lovcrnrnent Coelc's provisicns *lready s+*gl:r rr: l;e achie'ed by the.pcrk Harrel s;,sre*, ,r.o*ll J*o dre faer rhar Locai Covcrrrment$ are n, un even bcrier position to do tiris functioa tha:r natir:nal reeisiators. senarors bei:rg ,rotiorr*luy-;l;;;J"*e less kn*'*ledgeabie than gsverrrmnt cf*ciak uf,* Mayors ab*ut what their .lacal :**?:..ri:* rnunicipalitic.; nced. conSyessmcn, whose ioix requir*, ,rr**-*-1. in Manila mosr nf rhr: rime fare no better" clearly, r,-r6i o=***i*g it iu ctnsdrudoyj to pri.'vidc legislators unmitigatecl po*e, tc, implearent spJnding,
s.ddsess the airn.':

Y. THE PSRK BAg.REL $YSTEM ENABLES THE CfiNTINUEI} . NON-REAI_TZATION} rF NoT .


.A A I It.Tft'T PROSCRIPTISN fl.\rJut\J l' FOLITICAL DYNASTIE5.

MANIIATES, INCLLTI}ING THE

YAIrtOr",rS CONSTITUTI0NAT

OUTRICIIT ITOI.ATION

OF

'{'s a firtai ;4rorurrl of unconstituticnaiiry, petitioners higirlighc two i2j undeniable effects cf thc Pork.B+srel Svstem'irtr* offend ,rrrr ccn:;fihrtional ordcr: it) it sai*i thc righr cf suffrrge; li{ ir operares as rhe reasan **y i:} -- -' the constitutionai rniindate banning poiiticai dynasties'wili never b. ,*utir*d.
luffrage is rht strFr{:Ir}e pnlirical nghr of eveqy eitizen. The dght ts and tc; l"re voted uFt-lii is 1:nrteite<,l ne;i jusr in terms of being abte t[ vore,'+rr but aiso in
.:rt
1,

ernbadies dlis pritt,iple sraics:

teffis oi i:eing ai:lc to have rcal choices as to wh6'wrll lead, with *o r"aeopely erf public 1:o:irian. Articr* TT, s*cti*:r 24 +f tr:e consdturja* ,

::'i..

may bc
I

State shall g-uarantee equal accsss to oppo*rnities for public serv ice and prohibit political dynasries as

"Section 26. 'l"hc

dtiirtd

i.rv

iu,rr,.

While the provisi<>' is atlmittcdly not self-executing, the oftt.rrse fo the Constitution remains in that the Pcrk Barrel sy*r"* irr"""gr, the use of patronage aild sinrilaril repugnant means, enable.s tlre morro|"rr, office by individuats an<t ttr* iaiyfies. "t public As verified bv thc (.OA lteport, in not a few instances, r.he pork Be'rel allocation is thc ctrtis sttrght by sc'cral legislators. wh*t is cvcn r'.ore constitutionally appalli'g is that the l'ork BarrII sf*r** has also lxcome the to. perPetuatc thc ability to acce$$ public iunc, for person.rl use. T.hc ]means" coA Repoit d"rTJ1l9:t.:.'*:1r regislators r"""-r"Jiheir pDAF *in irr*r, *rrrly foundations or "N{i(Js". which some cases thc legislators sharnelessly iilcorporated thcrilscl'cs. 'i'hc clivcrsion of funds to family cnterprises an<J organizations eviclc'cc thc intent to use said funds to perpefuate themselves in powef.

Undes this scr-uP, lhcre is rro ir-rcentive for any legislator ro pass the required implenrenting rcgnslation again.sr p"nd;',!rrrrt**. Increed, ro pass such a law wourd ,r.*r, rhat rhe continuecl to pork Barrer win be imperiled' As sueh, rhc cxisrence of ".r.*, the pork corr"t system renders the Conetirution's manclare a p:ripe dream.

d:q"ffHTJ t:lt_l:: f^ ^t:-5 f 1 Yl,' rtie *r*.to,*r p,;;; #'J^H? :::::: $ f:':,uect t:::,ijl ct onry hu:,* i"*i*; 'f;;';*"JJo*l ;fi ;"i,#,_* ;:';X: ;:?Tl:" 1:1 H'::fJ?Xily::;:i**:rT'*l**il;'#ffi#I*affi,J,T"1fi11; ran rs unnin g again sr th# ?ffi;fi:;:'ff :: *,.r:T.,i-:f; against their neph ervs. ^I
.

* ;;'f;-i,",Ji.# tu",:T:;; f:fi::" ::'f:'"oJr,.-:ry*-4 ** the corrup tion engena*r.a.


:h"
ty'
n
d ta rh e r

*^*:..?::l:.:1

right

*f

suffrase is directty impaircd. .fhe ,ubtic

iH:::;

A p<llitied tii'ttlsl.t' is *or j*clined tc; abolish . thc pork barrcl when it is the casiest
way ro pcrpe *ratc their sfrangtehotd over a rocatrity.

In conclusion, {lcspifr rwo decades of the pork BaErer s,.stem, provinces remain poo{ and, u*dcr-cre"r-croped. poverty i.a** ,.*ains higrr in the sfine areas despite rhe biiri''"- afi.cated each yeo, f.;t; development The eoA Report shorvs thar rlrc rrurds meant t* check p.rrr*r,ry-rr*rlit"_";J'iorr* ,o organieations wh.sc. s|lc purpose perpetuate the lawmaker a*d iris jr-.tg families hoid over" their positioo. porirTi;;;;;,i.p*rp*ruare, eorruptinn thrives, and the nadon .or,Lrr.r-* ro suffer for ii *rE, thc saice *r*nirru*rrrir,g a s)'stefi whicl: all this j're has always been uneernstit rtiorrui from the start.

_s

,-1"\at,

ALLEGATTONS II\I SUPPT}RT OF THE APPLICATION FOR THE ISSUAI{CE OI- A TEMPCRARY TNJUNCTToN
Petitioners reprr:ad, i;v refercnce, the foregoing ailegations.
Rule.S?, Sec.

j of thc Rrrles nf Courr provides:


li

'.Secdo:r 3. Crunth ftr intanrc af pre&nitaSt in}pn*ion preliminary inirrn*ir:r: n oy L. g"rantcd ,Jn'_*
is cstablished:

_A

(-) That the applicant is entitled tc the relief denranrled, and lhe whore of paft of such rerief consists in restraining the commissicln or continuance of the act o, *it* complained o{ or in requiring- tirc perfor*ancc of an act'cr acts, either
for a limitcd pi:riixl or peqpcually;

injustice t0 rhe applicaa!

'lhat the cr.rmrnission, continuance ()r non-perfofrlllrnce of the act sf *"t* sf during the Iitigation would probably "o*plained work _

flt

or

and rendii.g to render the iudgmeni


fHmphasis suppliedJ

(c) '[ nar part!, court, agency or a person is .,7 r _: domg,. thre*tenitg,. or is o**"riptirrg to do, gc is pto.Tltg c;r .s*ffering to be done, ,i** act or acrs probably rn r"roiation of-rq* rights oi ,t. *ppli.*i respecang thc subject of the *ltion or pr+ceedinp_

fi;i";;i*

rn Fitipiao Merars carpontian uo. seuetaty, neparaneant of rnde aad radas&1r, 463 SCRA (t-ot),-Jil-s";;e court raid down the requisites for the issuancc,,rf -ata a wriiof pi"ri*ir"ryfficdoa:

.n"c, requisites ,are necessary for a prelimiaary ,^r*-__r?nff urlutrcfion to issue: {} the existglc-e of a ight to be protecre,r and p) the.'f:icts, againlS;vhich ,h; Hi;"cticn is ra ,e directed raro rigrri.-wirile a clear ,t;;;"g of nece$sary''ibrate its existence need not be coaclusively-**t the righr is Uti*.;."t* fact' the evirjence required to justi$ trr. iur**ce of a. writ o{ preliminary iniuaction- need noi be concluri r*, comprete. The evidence need onry give the court an idea of the jr-rstification fc., the prelirainaq' i'iiunition, peading the de;is;;r, or *r* case on rhe merits. Thus, to be entitr]ed to*the *di p-iti";-;. ;; required to show that they have a,, osteilsi*e dgtr;;

..;;

*.-.

;; ;;

relief prayed for


suppliedl
.

in their complainr."- iat page 625; ernplrasis

The Legislaturt:'s crtcroachment upon the pravince of the Execudve and, extent, thc entire bureaucraiy, to thc detriment of the taxpayers 1o .a !$ge including petitioners endtls petitioners to the isquanci of writs p*y*,J ior.
I

Indeed, the ccntintied insistence that the Pork Barrel System is constirutional despite the consistent findings thraugh the decades thajit is not, and.has in process led to the dissipation of billi-ons cf public funds, require $e the immediare pnlrection r;f thc i-Ionorable Court.

Petitioner

has a cle:tr

legrl n'ght that merits protection.

Petitioners' right to rhc issuance of a temp o.rrry restraining olJer and/ sr wrir oi p:eliminarv injunction is indisputabie. petitioners as uxpayers have the right to file suit to crrjr>in or prevent ittu itt*got disbursem.*nt *, i*prrp*, ,r** cf public funds, cr their ',utttug" through iire enforcement of an invalid or unconsdrudonai ia*r iran-l,ers Ag.ainst furonapoly and Foverqr us. sesetary of Budget, wpral

such right

In addition, petitioricrs have the right to vore ancl to be voted upo*.


is'i prirnarv right in *ur demc,cratic
and republican srarc.{a

preliminary ini unction.

Iretitioners' toregr:ing rights erc being violated by l"ld"y""qly resrondents througir rhe in:plementation of the '?ork Barrel System'", thul *Tlolrittg the issuancc of a retnpo{ary restiaining order *{/o, ulrit of

and void. The"?nrk n*i-f is vtolative.of the pnnt;iplc. of separation of pnwers ** i, h** allowcd l*gisl"to* to intrude ints an liixcc':rive prerogative,. i.*., to '.implem*nr,' thc "safctry:ards; proviclcei for i" th* ,.pork barrcr iysrem,o, f?y&rrTding legislators have *nel c.nrin'e to o.i in excess of their i,r";anfug qt!I. projects b-v. acrr.*llv _'trnplementing," the saffre" Indeed, the major fi*di*g* containecl in the CoA i{eport prove that legisloto6 hu*re **.**a*a fr:: idehrifving gublic prgiects: by ueilctirg the recipients {4 of ":e"}V "lthe basis s"tely of their-"t ao*****nt, publie fu'rds on iaciuEingNefi; rvhich have been,incorpararlt' by tiie regislarors themservei; (b) by l".*".fi"g'-h;; respective budgetary allocatron, {c} by releasing funds for project, ooiolc* or their l*qlt?""- districq (aj ly disrefardi*g the require**r,r, ur:.der -rcspecrive Republic Acf No. 9184 which the r*gi*Ld..* blaach"irrelf erracted; *a (*) by reieasing funds k; -i;:i':::l;i;i*i'i-p'nrjicts constnrctet{ ..in private l.rt* *itho,rt any clocument tr) sullFnlr rhc rnrn aver rrf such properdes i* rhe go.r****rrt,,,

Respondents have been and continue to implemer,t the .?ork Basrel ^ -Sf*rem,, S1'stem" whieh is trnconstitutional

pou'l;#;: a"*tt;

,*r !.'

in complete defianc* of tire I-Ionorable {lourtls latrdrnark decision i'- pascual us, Seeretaty af Fsblic Lytorks.
The "Pork B'*rrci Svstem" iras destroyeel tl:c $ysierA of checks and balances pkeetl *ndcr rh* iggr consdnrd"ir. rir* practically abdicatcil its du*' to check and scrutinirc th* Exectrrive branch,s budget proposals, a:.rd coatinuc ro alr*w ri"r. iru*'r;J*"r;" ;;;;;i"rjrru.,rrl-.. the.Special Purpose i"uncls ancl such other discretionrry fi.mds ia the 2014 lrrolg:rn: without any law to eheck nt ccinrroj the maaner fadlialExpen-dirurc by which thc Ilrcsidcnl riisburscs said fiurds. 'I'he llxecut ve branch, in rurn, reieases the F70 iViiiion and P?00 Millioa aliotrnenr to eaeh legislator as incentive for allr:u'irrg it tn ceintinue. ailotting funds _to the Special F*ipose Iiuflds and othcr rliscrt:tir>nary fu*ds in ,nf urrrruul Natio'rril lixg:en6irnre Progxam' 'Ihis iras pracffcaily allorvecl badr branches to look the other way around so that both condnue r{} enjoy the benefits of rhe .?ork B;G,]*;:i

ifi;ft;; ;;ffi ;;;

W&ilc thctt-' iti-r: ctit.tslitr"rLit>nal, stirtutr.rr/: administrativc and even ju6icial safeg'ards imposecr on thc: "pork u:y"t-,\y;;;,,, thcse lvere nor onry disregarded, but alsr: rcndcrerl inutile. llire *Pork Basrcl *tystera;-has 1,,med u system wherc public funds caR n{} longer Ft9 be ace.unteci ior. Even the iegisiators themselves adrnitted that there i* rl way for them to me'ritor an* account for the funds rhat rrave been disb,*J] rr,*r ort*; 1;^;;-r-, the <,o rl:e "pork .Ba*er systeJ;'courd not derer l*girlu,o* :::y:i:1mPoser1 trom exerclslng tlte p'wcr ro implement public project under thc .systern is resrareent thar the sefi.grra*ls *r" ,,,or only ineffe.tii*, but inutile.

I[btse, the Legrslativc branch has failed to pass the needed larvs trr police and account for the disbrusernerrt of the Presiient's discretia-aary firnds ..lul^t*rrpui= under the Special Frnpr,,:;e l?r:nds fr*d.,i-;r*irJ**r, *fr. Td,rh: Exeeutive branch is granreci uabridled disctetioa a" as it pleases with the special Purpose Furds ar*r the 'y{11,ryy- f*rd;1 thus readerios nugarsr} t&e acco'ntability provisi'ns of the rgs7 ?lonstitution.

ir

units.

The '?ork B|nel Svstem" is likewise unconsfitutional as it vrolates the provisions of the 1987 constirution and the i991 f.ode calling for a decentralization of natioa*l p"**ru-in f"rro, of local rvLs tsL'vs goveffunear

i;J'il.**;;i

Sysiern" is unconstirutionai as it vioiates peritioners, suffrage, ro vore ftrr and b* p*qp*ru*.res rhc exisrence ry&t:". of politicai dynasties rvhich is abhorred undei rh. f qgi Co*d*,io".

Tl"i '?ork Bdtel

"o;; ;;";;"*f

Respondenrr.,.:-'t*.,T^. Fi.-r= irbuse of discrerion in continuing to implement fhe "po'k Barrer svste"m" consideriqg th;; the.sl,stem is, as has been shorvn before, unconsrirr,tional and void,

.-'t:'t

extreme argeficy for the iseuance of a tenparety res&'nining order *nd/or writ of prelirninary injunctioa. There
present, responderts a-re coatinuing to i*plernent the ?013 Genelal Apprcpriatioas Acr rvhiclr houses the "Pork Barrel System'", in the same way that they have impk:r'rlcrlrcd the "Podr llarrel System" in the previous General Appropri*tions Act. i.ikewise, as shown in the 2S14 National lixpenciiture Prograrn for 2014, rr:sportdents have again included the "lletrk Barrel Sysrem" for coasideration and dcliberation.

is

At

there is cxtrcme urgency for the issuance of a temporary . {enue, _ rstrainfu order an,J/ar t wtit of prelimir"ry injiinction in order to preserve the rights of the petitioners. Unless an iniuoctive writ is issued, the public respondent will implemcnr the 2013 General Appropriations Act and de[terate on the National lJxpendirtrre Program fot 2014, both of rshich r*ill expose miilioas of public funds to the ills-+f rhe "pork Ba*ir system".

Petitioner wiII su{fer grave ineparabie are restained.

nt"ry unless public rcspandents

discretionary frmds as nlay be passed by the Iegishlve branch is enlorned.

Petitioner stands to suffer ffemendous and fur(,parable injury; and witi continue to suffcr such injruy if the implementation of the ifpork Barrei Systeno'under the. Gcncral AppropdationS Acg the 2014 Natiogal llxpenditure P:ogram and such erther fun:re lqislatioa calling for the disburse}egt of

Unl*+*

progrnms that the-Filipino people neeel badly, reforms ancl progran.,s which can rlever be realized becausc public funds are ilticitly *iptto".A to be used
elseurhete.

the 31un1tiry Batrel System" and million* of pesos in public funds will continue to be squandered and unaccounted for. {1 a resulg Filipino people in general will suffer gr&ve and irreparable infury. Their hard-eacnea *o"*y *hicf, rhey have gffen uP as taxes wiil ccntinue to be wasted'and. rvasted. They will continue to suffer and be i!rpi"::d ::f b:rifircial proiects for publie health, safety and welfare that cao tlnly be derived fto1n the proper use and acr:ounting of iublic funds. The recent heavy rains and. flsods ih"ihaoe plaguecl rVIr:rrn ilrlarr;t* *d certain parts in l.uzon ilre testament of the *u.t needed re.forms atrd

tempoffirv restraining order and/or urrit of pretira,;1ary ^ .?ori is issued, publie respondenti will continue ro implerneni

Lastiy, as tltc clirr:ent situauorr stands, each day that the respondents exercise the porvers chnilen.ged herein, trcrnendous damagc to the pubtic and to aational resources is bcing Unless * tr*pol*y ,*ut'rirri"g order .wrouglrt. and/or dtr:f preliminarr,: inlrinc*rion is issued, the government,s purse will continue to bleed and drl' up. Without an inir.rrctive writ, the Nation*iTr.rr*y rvill one day end up *'ith an empty coffer. Mthout pub[c fi;nds, the Nltonal and Local government u'iil be unable to perform lt* drrti** and ensure the

.,i:t.r
'4il'

safety and wclt'arc of tlrc liilipino peopie. Chaos u,ili ens'"ue itr tirs str*ets our nation. The blcedirrg nrust stop now.

of

Pctitioncr is rcadv. rvilling and able tCI po$t an irrjuncfion bond in sue*r rcasonable ar'liolxir rx'hich rhis Flsnorable Court may fix in *re cxcrcise of its sound rliscretion tcl :lnswcr firr d*rn*ges rvhich the Respondeni rnight sustain shouid it finallv hc dr,rcrminr:d rhat peritioner is rrot entitlcd to thc issuance of a restrainicg rirdcrf rvrit of ;:relinrinary iniunction.
Petitioner is clca:lv cntitled to the reliefs prayerl for, and part relicfs consisr of enicining and rcstraining the rcspondcnrs.

of

such

PRAYER

wI{EREFOlli',,

Pet"itioners respcctftilly pray rhat rhis Flonorable Csurr:

a. b.
1-

Give duc rorrrse to the instant Petition;


Inrrneciiatcir, issue a Temporary Restraining CJrder and/or Wcit

of

Preliminarv I niunction enioining

The Exccutivc secretary Ilepartment of Budget and


Manageme*t and those acting for and/cr undcr thcm, fr*m
releasing funds in relation to the Legislatwe's trriority Iler,'clcprnent Assistancc Fund [ar its cor'pCIr]ents the: {1j Prioritl' lleveloprnent Assistance Funtl; and {?) the \rarious lnfmsguerures and tocal Projects, Fundh the }jxecurive's lump sllmT discretionary appropriations ifl the prese$t General rtppropriations Act of 2013 exeepr rile C;hmiiy Fr:nd and Contingent Fund; and the Executivc's off-budget lum;' sum, di$crelir:nary fr:nds including the b{alampaya Fund and the-S+cial F'und;

seekir:g congsessional approval of the pilrtions of the hiari<lnal Expendittue Prograrn ct zar4 pertaining to the "unified" Priority neveioprnent Assistance Fu*d aad the trixecrrtive's lump surn, discretionar,r apprapriations exceFt rhe Caiarnrry Fund and Contingent l"-und; anS

3
a

earLgjlsiirr1:&g vrith any furrher proceedings relevant tq arising or-rt of or in connection rvirh the san:e;

2. Ihe Philippinc

Senate and the House of Represenfatives anci .-those nctinfi for and,/or under fhern, from taking up in their deliber*.rions anir i;sfi: relating to the approval of -tn* ZA13 Naticinal Experidirure Prr:gram's items relating ro the: ."unified', Frio-rit-i' l)*yck:flmee.t A,ssistance F*nd for its cCImpCInents: (1)

.;:'i ?-^

[:]i':*x:r'"ff"i:*t;J*,.'i-"i.il$'T:#,11:
li{.r:rr$

2003

to

2t}13, sFccifuing fltc trse

of thc funds,
err

thc proirct t:r' ;tctivify antl rhr rccipierit cntilics


irrr-lividuals, and a.ll pertinent clat* thertfo.

to thc Commission on Audit and to the pubLc the tmc of the lrxecufive's Lump Sum,
l{cicase l)iscretionary funds, inclrreling thc proceeds from the Malampaya proiect or the M*lar*paya Fund' r:cmittances frcm the Philippine Amusement and (iaming Corporation ard the Philippine Charity Sweepstakes tlffice or the lixccutive's Social Fund from 2003 to 2013, speci{'ing the use of the funds, rhe project or :rctivity and the recipient entides or irrdividuais, and all pr:rtinent data thereta

' :l;:T'T:: Ti"'u-'n *:ffi:-1f"1'i*n"',J::


discrctionary funds

in the annual National Expenditure Program submitted to Congress.

6. prohibiting all public respondents hereio from proposing


all;l::i::g, i;::l'-r:li;ig l;ird approving in any National lixpenditure Progr*m, (leneral Appropriations Act cr other legislation, the (1) Priorjtv l)cvclopment Assistance lrrurcl; (2) the \&rious
Infr:isrructtucs and Local Proiects Fund; (3) dre tsxecutive's l,ump Sum, l)iscrction*ry ftinds, except the Calamity furrd and the Contingcnt funti; (4) any item, find or appropriation sirnilar in operation thereto; (5) or any item, fund or appropriation allowing the 'allocatiorr and disbursement of public frulds under the instruetitln, recornrnendation or direction of any legislative official or pcrsons acting fot *nd/or under thern; and

{-)
for.

clecirr:ing the irriunction permaner:t"


t

Other reliefs just and equitablc under the prernise$ are likewise prayed

,(-rti' tor rhe Ciry of Manila, fuIetro h,{anila, 27 August 2013.

GRECO

NIOUS BEDA B. LGICA

VTLLEGAS JR.

.+ rt

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