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Table of Contents
Biogas - Costs and Benefits...............................................................................................................4
Economy and Financing.................................................................................................................................4Social policies.................................................................................................................................................5Benefits for the environment..........................................................................................................................5
The Benefits for Biogas Users...........................................................................................................6
Monetarizing individual benefits....................................................................................................................6Energy.............................................................................................................................................................7Bio-fertilizer...................................................................................................................................................7Saved disposal cost as benefit.........................................................................................................................8Time consumption..........................................................................................................................................8
Costs of a Biogas Plant....................................................................................................................10
Categories of costs........................................................................................................................................10Average costs................................................................................................................................................11
Macro-economic evaluation............................................................................................................13
Objective.......................................................................................................................................................13Economic effects of biogas plants................................................................................................................13
Economic Viability (Financial Analysis).......................................................................................18
Objectives, methodology and decision criteria.............................................................................................18Procedure of dynamic approach...................................................................................................................18Investment criteria........................................................................................................................................18Input data......................................................................................................................................................21Parameters and assumptions.........................................................................................................................22Final remarks................................................................................................................................................22
Cost benefit relation (investment calculation, sensitivity analysis).............................................23
Methods........................................................................................................................................................23Difficulties....................................................................................................................................................23Observation of the development...................................................................................................................24Further reading:............................................................................................................................................24
The Annuities Method.....................................................................................................................25Benefits and Impacts of Biogas Technology..................................................................................28
Improvement of sanitary and health conditions............................................................................................28Culture and education...................................................................................................................................29Distribution of income..................................................................................................................................29Effects on regional employment...................................................................................................................29Reducing deforestation as benefit.................................................................................................................30
Global Environmental Benefits of Biogas Technology.................................................................31
The impact on the greenhouse effect............................................................................................................31Sources of methane emissions in the agricultural field.................................................................................32Methane reduction potential through the application of biogas technology.................................................33Reduction potential of nitrous oxide emissions from agriculture.................................................................33
Financing and public support.........................................................................................................34
Sources for financing....................................................................................................................................34Running, maintenance and repair costs........................................................................................................34Financing by credit.......................................................................................................................................34State support.................................................................................................................................................34Families with low incomes...........................................................................................................................35
Biogas - Program Implementation.................................................................................................36
Dissemination of biogas technology.............................................................................................................36Implementation planning..............................................................................................................................36Factors for a successful dissemination..........................................................................................................37
Biogas Programme Structure.........................................................................................................39
Biogas research and development programs.................................................................................................39Biogas pilot programs...................................................................................................................................39
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