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Atlas of travel and tourism developmentDaniel Leitner5 BT EnglishJanuary 09

Atlas of travel and tourism development 2009 Table of contents:I. a) b) c) d) e) f) g) I. a) Overview of the travel and tourism development.......................................................................... 3Motivations for early travel and the creation of destination awareness:.................................. 3 Travel in the ancientworld:......................................................................................................... 4 Medieval trade and travel:.......................................................................................................... 5 Roots of modern travel............................................................................................................... 5 Industrial Revolution:.................................................................................................................. 6 The twentieth century:................................................................................................................ 7 And in the future?....................................................................................................................... 9 Examples for tourism development................................................................................................ 9 Ski resorts.................................................................................................................................... 9 Effects of the climate change–Schladming.................................................................................. 112

Atlas of travel and tourism development 2009I. Overview of the travel and tourism developmentWithin this essay I want to give you an overview how tourism has established overthousands of years and I want to point out the historical connection of nowadaysdestination. I aim to show the basic models of travel patterns such as “push”factors (culture, sociality, environmental pressures) and I want to achieve theimpacts of bygone human activity to the modern tourism. At least I will list a fewexamples for tourism development. Since the first ancient cultures, humans haveachieved and developed new ways to expand their culture all over the world. As Iwill mention in the next few chapters, there were also a few tourist attractionsestablished. The first proven records that civilisations crossed their home borderwere found in the Mediterranean area, in Greek, Egypt and Persia. In the nextchapter I want to list a few motivations for the ancient travel and how theycreated destination awareness.a) Motivations for early travel and the creation of destination awareness:The first mentionable motivation for travel in the ancient world was war. TheGreeks have tried to conquer the Persian Empire under Alexander the great and as aresult of these wars they explored unknown areas in the Middle East and foundednew cities like Alexandria, stunning monuments like the Seven Wonders of the Worldand destination myths. Attracted by the conquests people began to travel. Cultureslike the Egypt, Persians, the Roman Empire and other peoples vying to conquer newareas in order to ensure their commodities and spread their culture. The secondmotivation for travel in the ancient world was sport events. For instancetravelling to the first Olympic Games in 776 BC increases the travel mobility. Itis recorded that visitors came to Mount Olympus from all over Europe and theMiddle East. A few centuries later, at the century of the crusades, Europeanempires travelled into the Middle East to spread the western civilisation inIslamic areas. These crusades were often unsuccessful and so the Islamic culturehas remained its sources till today and attracting people of every continent onearth.3