BEAM DESIGN FORMULAS WITH SHEAR AND MOMENT DIAGRAMS

2005 EDITION
ANSI/AF&PA NDS-2005
Approval Date: JANUARY 6, 2005

ASD/LRFD

N DS

NATIONAL DESIGN SPECIFICATION FOR WOOD CONSTRUCTION

WITH COMMENTARY AND SUPPLEMENT: DESIGN VALUES FOR WOOD CONSTRUCTION
x w

American Forest & Paper Association American Wood Council

American W ood Council Wood

R 2 V Shear 2

Mmax Moment

American Forest &

DESIGN AID No. 6

Paper Association

BEAM FORMULAS WITH SHEAR AND MOMENT DIAGRAMS

The American Wood Council (AWC) is part of the wood products group of the American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA). AF&PA is the national trade association of the forest, paper, and wood products industry, representing member companies engaged in growing, harvesting, and processing wood and wood fiber, manufacturing pulp, paper, and paperboard products from both virgin and recycled fiber, and producing engineered and traditional wood products. For more information see www.afandpa.org.

While every effort has been made to insure the accuracy of the information presented, and special effort has been made to assure that the information reflects the state-ofthe-art, neither the American Forest & Paper Association nor its members assume any responsibility for any particular design prepared from this publication. Those using this document assume all liability from its use.

Copyright 2007 American Forest & Paper Association, Inc. American Wood Council 1111 19th St., NW, Suite 800 Washington, DC 20036 202-463-4713
awcinfo@afandpa.org www.awc.org
AMERICAN WOOD COUNCIL

Intr oduction Introduction Figures 1 through 32 provide a series of shear and moment diagrams with accompanying formulas for design of beams under various static loading conditions. Shear and moment diagrams and formulas are excerpted from the Western Woods Use Book, 4th edition, and are provided herein as a courtesy of Western Wood Products Association.

Notations Relative to Shear and Moment Diagrams E = I = L = R = M= P = R = V = W= w = = x = modulus of elasticity, psi moment of inertia, in.4 span length of the bending member, ft. span length of the bending member, in. maximum bending moment, in.-lbs. total concentrated load, lbs. reaction load at bearing point, lbs. shear force, lbs. total uniform load, lbs. load per unit length, lbs./in. deflection or deformation, in. horizontal distance from reaction to point on beam, in.

List of Figur es Figures

Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Figure 19 Figure 20 Figure 21 Figure 22 Figure 23 Figure 24 Figure 25 Figure 26 Figure 27 Figure 28 Figure 29 Figure 30 Figure 31 Figure 32 Simple Beam Uniformly Distributed Load ................................................................................................ 4 Simple Beam Uniform Load Partially Distributed..................................................................................... 4 Simple Beam Uniform Load Partially Distributed at One End .................................................................. 5 Simple Beam Uniform Load Partially Distributed at Each End ................................................................ 5 Simple Beam Load Increasing Uniformly to One End .............................................................................. 6 Simple Beam Load Increasing Uniformly to Center .................................................................................. 6 Simple Beam Concentrated Load at Center ............................................................................................... 7 Simple Beam Concentrated Load at Any Point.......................................................................................... 7 Simple Beam Two Equal Concentrated Loads Symmetrically Placed....................................................... 8 Simple Beam Two Equal Concentrated Loads Unsymmetrically Placed .................................................. 8 Simple Beam Two Unequal Concentrated Loads Unsymmetrically Placed .............................................. 9 Cantilever Beam Uniformly Distributed Load ........................................................................................... 9 Cantilever Beam Concentrated Load at Free End .................................................................................... 10 Cantilever Beam Concentrated Load at Any Point .................................................................................. 10 Beam Fixed at One End, Supported at Other Uniformly Distributed Load ............................................. 11 Beam Fixed at One End, Supported at Other Concentrated Load at Center ........................................... 11 Beam Fixed at One End, Supported at Other Concentrated Load at Any Point ..................................... 12 Beam Overhanging One Support Uniformly Distributed Load ............................................................... 12 Beam Overhanging One Support Uniformly Distributed Load on Overhang ......................................... 13 Beam Overhanging One Support Concentrated Load at End of Overhang ............................................. 13 Beam Overhanging One Support Concentrated Load at Any Point Between Supports ........................... 14 Beam Overhanging Both Supports Unequal Overhangs Uniformly Distributed Load ......................... 14 Beam Fixed at Both Ends Uniformly Distributed Load ........................................................................... 15 Beam Fixed at Both Ends Concentrated Load at Center .......................................................................... 15 Beam Fixed at Both Ends Concentrated Load at Any Point .................................................................... 16 Continuous Beam Two Equal Spans Uniform Load on One Span ....................................................... 16 Continuous Beam Two Equal Spans Concentrated Load at Center of One Span ................................. 17 Continuous Beam Two Equal Spans Concentrated Load at Any Point ................................................ 17 Continuous Beam Two Equal Spans Uniformly Distributed Load ....................................................... 18 Continuous Beam Two Equal Spans Two Equal Concentrated Loads Symmetrically Placed ............. 18 Continuous Beam Two Unequal Spans Uniformly Distributed Load ................................................... 19 Continuous Beam Two Unequal Spans Concentrated Load on Each Span Symmetrically Placed ..... 19
AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION

Figure 1

Simple Beam Uniformly Distributed Load

x w

R 2 V Shear 2

Mmax Moment

Figure 2

7-36 A

Simple Beam Uniform Load Partially Distributed

a b wb c

R1 x V1 Shear

R2

V2 R1 a+ w

Mmax Moment

7-36 B
AMERICAN WOOD COUNCIL

Figure 3
a wa

Simple Beam Uniform Load Partially Distributed at One End

R1 x V1 Shear

R2

V2 R1 w

Mmax Moment

Figure 4

Simple 7-37 A

Beam Uniform Load Partially Distributed at Each End

a w1a

c w2c R2

R1 x V1 Shear R1 w1

V2

Mmax Moment

7-37 B

AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION

Figure 5

Simple Beam Load Increasing Uniformly to One End

W R2 .57741

R1

V1 Shear V2

Mmax Moment

Figure 6

7-38 A

Simple Beam Load Increasing Uniformly to Center

x W

R 2 V Shear 2

Mmax Moment

7-38 B
AMERICAN WOOD COUNCIL

Figure 7
x

Simple Beam Concentrated Load at Center

R 2 2

V Shear V

Mmax Moment

Figure 8
7-39 A

Simple Beam Concentrated Load at Any Point

R1 a b

R2

V1 V2 Shear

Mmax Moment

7-39-b

AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION

Figure 9
x P

Simple Beam Two Equal Concentrated Loads Symmetrically Placed

R a a

V Shear V

Mmax Moment

Figure 10 7-40 A Simple Beam Two Equal Concentrated Loads Unsymmetrically Placed
x P P

R1 a b

R2

V1 Shear V2

M1 Moment

M2

7-40 B

AMERICAN WOOD COUNCIL

Figure 11

Simple Beam Two Unequal Concentrated Loads Unsymmetrically Placed

P1 x

P2

R1 a b

R2

V1 Shear V2

M1 Moment

M2

Figure 12
w

Cantilever Beam Uniformly Distributed Load

7-41-a

Shear

Mmax Moment

7-41- B
AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION

Figure 13
P

Cantilever Beam Concentrated Load at Free End

V Shear

Mmax Moment

Figure 14
x P

7-42 A

Cantilever Beam Concentrated Load at Any Point

Shear

Mmax Moment

7-42-b
AMERICAN WOOD COUNCIL

Figure 15

Beam Fixed at One End, Supported at Other Uniformly Distributed Load

w R2

R1 x

V1 Shear V2

3 8 M1

Mmax

Figure 16

Beam Fixed at One End, Supported at Other Concentrated Load at Center 7-43 A
P R2

x R1 2

V1 Shear V2

M1 M2 3 11

AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION

7-43 B

Figure 17

Beam Fixed at One End, Supported at Other Concentrated Load at Any Point

P R2

R1 a b

V1 Shear V2

M1 Moment Pa R2 M2

Figure 18

Beam Overhanging One Support Uniformly Distributed Load

7-44 A a x1

w(+ a)

R1 (1 a 2 ) 2 2 V1 Shear

R2

V2 V3

M1 Moment a2 ) (1 2 M2

7-44 B

AMERICAN WOOD COUNCIL

Figure 19

Beam Overhanging One Support Uniformly Distributed Load on Overhang

a x1 wa

R1

R2

V2 V1 Shear

Mmax Moment

7-45 A

Figure 20

Beam Overhanging One Support Concentrated Load at End of Overhang

a x1 P

R1

R2

V2 V1 Shear

Mmax Moment

7-45 B
AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION

Figure 21

Beam Overhanging One Support Concentrated Load at Any Point Between Supports

x1

R1 a b

R2

V1 V2 Shear

Mmax Moment

Figure 22

7-46 A Beam

Overhanging Both Supports Unequal Overhangs Uniformly Distributed Load

w

R1 a b

R2 c

V2 V1 X X1 Mx 1 M1

V4 V3

M3 M2

7-46 B

AMERICAN WOOD COUNCIL

Figure 23
x

Beam Fixed at Both Ends Uniformly Distributed Load

w R R

2 V Shear

.2113

M1 Moment Mmax

Figure 24

7-47 A

Beam Fixed at Both Ends Concentrated Load at Center

x P R 2 V Shear V 2 R

4 Mmax Moment Mmax

7-47 B
AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION

Figure 25
x R1

Beam Fixed at Both Ends Concentrated Load at Any Point

P R2

V1 Shear V2

Ma M1 Moment M2

Figure 26
x w

7-48 A

Continuous Beam Two Equal Spans Uniform Load on One Span

R1 V1

R2 Shear

R3

V2 7 16 Mmax M1

V3

Moment

7-48 B

AMERICAN WOOD COUNCIL

Figure 27

Continuous Beam Two Equal Spans Concentrated Load at Center of One Span
2 P

R1 V1 V2

R2

R3

V3 Shear

Mmax M1 Moment

7-49 A

Figure 28

Continuous Beam Two Equal Spans Concentrated Load at Any Point

b P

R1 V1 V2

R2

R3

Shear

V3

Mmax M1

Moment

7-49 B

AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION

Figure 29
wl

Continuous Beam Two Equal Spans Uniformly Distributed Load

wl

R1
l

R2
l

R3 V2 V3

V1 V2 3l/8 3l/8

M2

M1

max
0.4215 l 0.4215 l

7-50 A

Figure 30

Continuous Beam Two Equal Spans Two Equal Concentrated Loads Symmetrically Placed

R1 a V1 a

R2 a a

R3

V2 V3 V2

x Mx M2 M1
l l

AMERICAN WOOD COUNCIL

Figure 31
w l1

Continuous Beam Two Unequal Spans Uniformly Distributed Load

w l2

R1
l

R2
l

R3

V1 V4 x1 x2 Mx2 M1

V3 V2

Mx1

Figure 32

Continuous Beam Two Unequal Spans Concentrated Load on Each Span Symmetrically Placed

P1

P2

R1
l

R2
1
l

R3
2

a V1

b V3 V4

V2

Mm

Mm M1

AMERICAN FOREST & PAPER ASSOCIATION

American F orest & P aper Association Forest Paper American W ood Council Wood 1111 19th S tree t, NW Stree treet, Suit e 800 Suite Washingt on, DC 20036 ashington,
Phone: 202-463-4 713 202-463-47 Fax: 202-463-2 79 1 202-463-279 791 awcinf o@afandpa.org cinfo@afandpa.org www .a wc.org www.a .aw

A F & P A

11-07