TERMINOLOGI

PLANKTON
Viktor Hensen (abad 19, ilmuwan Jerman): Organisme
mikroskopis baik hewan maupun tumbuhan yang hidup
melayang bebas tidak dapat melawan arus, serta tidak
terikat dengan pantai dan dasar
plankton
plank·ton [plángktən]
noun
mass of tiny floating organisms: a mass of tiny animals
and plants floating in the sea or in lakes, usually near the
surface, and eaten by fish and other water animals

-plank·ton·ic [plangk tónnik], , adjective

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 BEBERAPA FOTO
PLANKTON
• FITOPLANKTON
ZOOPLANKTON

Rotifera

Cladocera
 Cyclopoida Harpacticoida
Calanoida

Jellyfish Asplanchna
 Kenapa dipelajari
• Sumber makanan bagi ikan dan
organisme air lainnya, bahkan
manusia
• Penyedia oksigen terpenting di
perairan
• Sebagai indikator tingkat
kesuburan
• Sebagai indikator tingkat
pencemaran
Linkages of algae, macrophytes, and
fisheries in lakes
 Pengelompokan
 Berdasarkan kemampuan membuat
makanan:
Fitoplankton (Seluruhnya termasuk
algae)
Zooplankton
 Berdasarkan lama hidup sbg
plankton
Holoplankton (seluruh siklus hidup
sbg plankton) Examples of
holoplankton include diatoms,
 Berdasarkan ukuran
 Nannoplankton/ultraplankton/
mikroplankton (<10µ, <30µ, <50µ)
 Netplankton/mesoplankton (<1mm>60µ)
 Makroplankton/megaplankton/
megaloplankton (> 1mm)
 Plankton are also often described in terms
of size. Usually the following divisions are
used:
However, some of these terms may be used
with very different boundaries, especially
on the larger end of the scale. The
existence and importance of nano-
and even smaller plankton was only
discovered during the 1980s, but they
 Size range (
Group Major organisms
ESD)
Megaplankt 2×10-1 and metazoans; e.g.
(20+ cm)
on above jellyfish
metazoans; e.g.
Macroplankt 2×10-2 →2×10-
(2-20 cm) pteropods;
on 1
m
chaetognaths
Mesoplank 2×10-4→2×10-2 (0.2 mm-2 metazoans; e.g.
ton m cm) copepods
large eukaryotic
Microplank 2×10-5→2×10-4 (20-200 protists;
ton m µm) juvenile/small
metazoans
Nanoplankto 2×10 →2×10
-6 -5
small eukaryotic
(2-20 µm)
n m protists

2×10-7→2×10-6 (0.2-2 small eukaryotic

Picoplankton
m µm) protists; bacteria
Femtoplankt (< 0.2
< 2×10-7 m marine viruses
on µm)
Berdasarkan habitat
Limnoplankton (di
danau)
Heleoplankton (di kolam)
Potamoplankton (di
sungai)
Hipalmiroplankton (di air
payau)
Haliplankton (di laut)
Alat tangkap/pengumpul
• Gayung
• Ember
• Water sampler
• Plankton net