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Appendix Table-100 Years of Federal Programs for Rural Development
Anne B. W. Effland
Administration(Sec'y of Agriculture)YearMajor Legislation New Programs Organizational Changes(primarily USDA)Grover Cleveland(Julius Morton)18931896 Rural Free Delivery establishedOffice of Road Inquiry--organized to rundemonstration/educational programsTheodore Roosevelt(James Wilson)19051908 Country Life Commission appointed toreport on needs of rural populationOffice of Public Roads replaces Office of Road Inquiry--constructs demonstration roadsand tests road materialsWilliam Taft(James Wilson)1912 Funding appropriated for Office of PublicRoads to supervise building of rural postroadsParcel Post Delivery establishedWoodrow Wilson(David Houston)19141916Smith-Lever Act establishes CooperativeExtension ServiceFederal Highway Act funds constructionof rural roads
 
 
Warren Harding(Henry C. Wallace)1922 Capper-Volstead Act encourages ruralcooperativesCalvin Coolidge(William Jardine)1927 and1928McNary-Haugen Bill, passed by Congressand then vetoed two years running, wouldhave created a program of agriculturalexport subsidies to protect domestic farmprices from falling world prices.Herbert Hoover(Arthur Hyde)1929 Agricultural Marketing Act attempts toimprove rural farm incomesFranklin Roosevelt(Henry A. Wallace)193319341935Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)attempts to raise farm prices to improverural farm incomesFederal Emergency Relief Act includesprograms for rural relief National Industrial Recovery Actauthorizes subsistence homesteadsprogram to resettle displaced workersRural Rehabilitation program establishedSoil Erosion Service established inDepartment of InteriorTennessee Valley Authority established todevelop electrical power and industry indisadvantaged rural regionRural Electrification Administration (REA)organizedResettlement Administration organized toresettle farm laborers and disadvantaged rural
 
 19361937Soil Conservation and DomesticAllotment Act replaces AAA and addsconservation programs to price supportactivitiesRural Electrification Act establishesFederal authority to assist development of rural electric cooperativesBankhead-Jones Farm Tenant Actauthorizes assistance to help tenantfarmers acquire farmsresidents in part-time farming communitiesSoil Conservation Service, formerly SoilErosion Service, moved to USDAGreat Plains Drought Commission establishedto address problems of the Dust BowlSpecial Commission on Farm Tenancyestablished to address widespreaddisplacement of tenant farmers andsharecroppersFarm Security Administration supersedesResettlement AdministrationHarry Truman(Clinton Anderson)1946(Charles Brannan)1949 Senate Joint Committee of the EconomicReport issues extensive report on ruralpovertyHousing Act authorizes loans for farmhousingRural Telephone Loan programestablishedFarm Security Administration abolished andreplaced by Farmers Home Administration(FmHA)Dwight Eisenhower(Ezra Taft Benson)19531955Interstate Highway System receives firstappropriationsRural Development Committeesorganized to help local communitiesestablish training programs and other
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