U Nu tantawoo tin lwar

q&mBuD;OD;Ek

\

oHawmfOD;wifvTmusrf;

aumZmouú&mZf -1178 (at'D - 1816) wGifa&;onf/ jynfawmifpkjrefrmEdkifiHawmf tpövmrfomoema&;&maumifpDXmecsKyf trSwf 183? AdkvfqGefyufvrf;? &efukefûrdY/ zHk; - 252608

jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiHawmf tpövmrfomoema&;&m aumifpDXmecsKyf twGif;a&;rª;csKyf\ trSmpm

tpövmrf omoema&;&maumifpDtm; 1954-ckESpfrS pwif í zGJUpnf;wnfaxmif vmcJhonf/ zGJUpnf ; pOfrS ,aeYwdkif jrefrmEdkifiHw0Srf;&Sd tpö vmrfomoem0ifrsm;tm; w&m;ppf w&m;rSefudk jrefrmEdkifiH\ a&?ajr? obm0 ES if h avsmfnDpGm usifhMuHtm;xkwf aqmufwnfEdkif&ef twGuf tpövmrfhcrf;em;rsm;? oifwef;rsm;? w&m;yJGrsm; tjyif pmtk yfpmayrsm;vnf; xkwfa0jzefYcsDvQuf&Sdygonf/ tpövmrf omoema&;&maumifpDonf tpö vmrfusrf;pmtkyfrsm;tjzpf (46) usrf ;txd xkwfa0 jzefYcsDcJ h&m xk wfa0NyD; usrf;pmtkyfrsm;rSm rsm;aomtm;jzifh jywfvyfvQuf&Sdojzifh 1995-99-ckES pfouf wrf ; wGif wm0ef,laom XmecsKyf trIaqmiftzGJUtaejzifh usrf;pmtkyfrsm; jyefvnfxkwfa0&ef qHk;jzwfonfh tavsmuf apwem&Sif tpö vmrfomoem0ifrsm;\ 0dkif;0ef;ulnDrIjzifh tpö vmrfaumifpD ESpf(40)txdrf;trSwf r*¾ Zif;tjyif tpövmrftajcjyusrf;? tpö vmrfbmomoifcef;pm yxrwG J? 'k wd ,wG J? wwd,wGJ? pwkw¬wGJESifh tm*Hkaqmifusrf; wdkYudk½dkufESdyf xkwfa0cJhNyD; jzpfygonf/ þ oHawmfOD;wifvTmusrf ;udk tpö vmrfpmpOftrSwf(13) tjzpfvnf;aumif;? a&S;a[mif;jrefrmpmay rsm;az:xkwfa&; pDrHcsuf pmpOftrSwf(u) tjzpfvnf;aumif;? 1960-ckESpf? rwf vwGif xkwfa0cJhNyD jzpfygonf/ ,if;oHawmfOD;wifvTmusrf;udk tr&yl&ûrdUwnf eef;wnfaom ukef;abmifrif;qufwGif yg0ifonfh y'Hkrif; ac: bdk;awmfrif;w&m; xHodkYwifavQmufonfhusrf;jzpfayonf/ þusrf;udk c&pfouú&mZf1816- ckESpf wGif a&;om;wifavQmufojzifh vGefcJhaomESpfaygif; (181)-ckü a&;om;cJhaomusrf; jzpfonf/ oHawmfOD;wifvTmusrf;udk a&;om;olrSm jrefrmpmayordkif;ü txif&Sm;qHk;aom jrefrmrGwfpfvifrf pmay ynm&Sifwpf OD ; jzpfol pmqdkawmfBuD; OD;ek a&;om;avQmufcJhaom usrf;jzpfonf/ q&mBuD;OD;Ekonf tpö vmrf bmoma&;qdkif&m usrf;rsm;tjzpf 35 cPf;usrf; 55 cPf;usrf;tjyif aq;usrf;ESifh c&D;oGm;rSwf wrf;tjzpf b*Fvm;oGm; rSwfwrf;udkvnf;ûypkcJhaom yk*d¾ KvfwpfOD;jzpfonf/ ukef;abmifacwf jrefrmpmayvuf&mudk rl&if;twdk if; od&SdavhvmEdkif&ef owfyHkrsm;tm; ,if;acwft a&;tom;twdkif; rûyjyifyJ xm;&Sdygonf/ þusrf;udk tzGJUwGif;ü uefYowfí xkwfa0jcif; jzpfygonf/ tpövmrfaumifpD0ifrsm; taejzifh þusrf ;ud k zwf ½IUavh vmNyD ; tpö vmrftusd K; ydkrdko,fydk;Edkif&ef tpö vmrf omoema&;&m aumifpDXmecsKyfodkY vdktyfaom tMuHOmPfrsm; ay;ydkYEdkifygonf/ tpövmrf aumifpD0ifrsm; þusrf;udkavhvmNyD; tpö vmrfbmomtwGuf rGefjrwfpGm usifhMuHtm;xkwf EdkifMuygapaMumif; qkrGefaumif; awmif;tyfygonf/ tpö vmrfa&;&m-'dk Y0efwm tefqGm&Dwif0if;(

LL.B

) &ufpGJ?1997-ckESpf?Edk 0ifbmv (27)&uf/ twGif;a&;rSL;csKyf

pum;ajy/

a&S;wdkif;&if;om; rGwfpfvifrfpma&;q&mBuD;rsm;ESif h xdkq&mBuD;wdkY a&;om;cJhaom pmayrsm; taMumif; udk jyefvnf az:xkwfEdkif&ef tpö vmrf omoema&;&m aumifpDonf okawoe ûyae ygonf/ jrefrmEdkifiHawmf tpdk;& ,Ofaus;rI XmenTefMum;a&;0ef oD&djyefcsDOD;omjrwfonf wdkYArm rGwfpfvifrf BuD;rsm; \ vuf&m[laom acgif;pOfjzifh aqmif;yg;wyk'fudk jr0wD r*¾ Zif;wGif a&;om;cJhbl;onf/ þaqmif;yg;wGif jrefrmrGwfpvif pma&;q&mBuD;rsm;\ pum;ajyvuf&mrsm;udkom az:jyxm;í uAsm? vuFmvuf&mrsm;ryg&Sday/

yHkESdyfbl;aomusrf;rsm;/

vGefcJhaom ESpfaygif;50ausmfcefYu rEÅav;ûrdUcsmeD,mpmyHkESdyfwdkufwGif ½dkufESdyfí 83-ukefonfvrf; wd kufeH ygwf48-armifumpifa&mif;csonfqdkaom 16ydk'f vuFmq&mBuD;OD;Ek trnfay;xm;onfh pmtkyfwGif aemuf yd k if ;ü pmtkyfaMumfjimrsm;udk xnfhxm;onf/ pmtkyfaygif; 23-tkyf\trnfrsm;yg&Sdonf/ ¤if;wdkYwGif &S m*s&wk vf,onf 31-cPf;usrf;BuD;/ rdkY[r®'ftvdk[pävmrf 0w¬KawmfBuD;ESifhrdkYewfaAh['D;pfusrf;?35-cPf; &S&musrf;?trD&f[rfZm 0w¬KawmfBuD;? atvifrftusOf;csKyfusrf;? [EézDermZfcPf;?&SmztDermZfcPf;? zG&wf 130-[oG&wftvD qHk;rcPf;? azGumtuúA&ftwGif;vrf;&S&musrf;? yoDyHkjyif0w¬K? auhqGqGvftefaAsU ,m? refpl&frif;om; ES ihf armh[erif;oD®;0w¬Kopf? eef;jyef&pdkvdkifrHydkif*Hbm&focifav;uRef&SifESifh AspfvfuD;pfpGqG rif ;oD® ;0w¬KawmfBuD;opf? q&mBuD;OD;Eka&;om;ûypkcJhaom qHk;rcPf;? vuFmpmwrf;ESifh ermZfcPf;t&yf&yf? ,l lpG yf eAsD;ESifhZdkvdkifcgrif;oD®;0w¬Kawmfopf ponfhusrf;yg0ifonfudk pdwf0ifpm;pGmawGU&onf/ þpmtkyf pm&if;rSm yHkESyfNyD;í a&mif;&eftoifh&Sdaeaom pmtkyfwdkY\ pm&if;omjzpfonf/ yHkrESdyf&aom ayrl? y&yd k uf rl? vufa&; rlrsm;ESifh pmtkyfaygif; rnfrQ&Sdao;onfudk rajymEdkifay/

tzdk;wefvufa&;rl 2-ql/

txufjrefrmEdkifiHodkY c&D;xGufpOfu tr&yl&ûrdUtD;udkudkBuD;rS ZmaygufobG,f ydk;pm;aeNyDjzpfaom 35-cPf;&S&musrf;\vufa&;rlpmtkyfBuD;wtkyfudk iSg;&rf;&&SdcJhayonf/ xdkvuf&;rludka&;om;aomESpfrSm ouú &mZf 1216-ck eawåmfvqef; 8&uf?wevFmaeYwG if35-cPf;pmudk a&;íNyD; jynfhpHkjyD [k usrf;tqHk;ü az:jyxm;ojzifh vGefcJhaom 106-ESpfu jzpfaMumif;od&onf/

q&mBuD;OD;Eka&;usrf;rsm;/

xdkc&D;üyif rEÅav;ûrdUpDatOD;bvGif xHrS wjcm;vufa&;rlwtkyf iSm;&rf;&cJhayonf/ xdkvufa&;rlrSm tpydkif;ESifh tqHk;ydkif;wGifpm&GwftcsdKU r&Sdawmhyg/ ¤if;pmtkyfwGif (1)o&Z&S&mtD 35-cPf;pm? (1212-ckyXr 0gqdkvjynfh 15&ufwevFmaeY) (2) 6-cPf;pm? (1212-ck'kwd, 0gqdkvjynfhausmf 8&uft*FgaeY) (3) 3- cPf;pm? (1212-ck0gacgifvqef; 4&uf Ak'¨[l;aeY) (4) 11-cPf;pm? (1212-ck 0gacgifvjynfhausmf13 &ufAk'¨[l;aeY) (5) 7-cPf;pm? (1212-ck awmfovif;vjynfhausmf3&uf wevFmaeY) [kþ(usrf;5usrf;) udkacgifrif;BuD; q&mOD;&pfBuD; a&;ul;íNyD;jynfhpHkonf [kaz:jyxm;onf/ xd kYjyif 16-ydk'f vuFm? 7-ydk 'fpm? oHawmf OD;wif vTmusrf ; wdkYvnf;ygonf/ ¤if;jyifvufpGJawmfcHkrif; armifa&Tyk ûyvkyfonfh vufaqmifav;q,f? zG&wfw&mhoHk;q,f vuFmpmvnf;ygonf/ odkYaomfrjynfhpHk awmhay/