Windy Rakhmawati, S.Kp, M.Kep.

Folding of the embryo in the 3rd & 4th wk converts the trilaminar germ disc into a cylinder The cylinder consists of 3 tubes: outer ectoderm, central endoderm which is the primary gut tube, middle mesoderm The gut tube consists of the foregut, hindgut, and a central midgut which opens to the yolk sac As the embryo lengthens, the neck of the yolk sac narrows until it becomes the vitelline duct Ultimately the vitelline duct and yolk sac are incorporated into the umbilical cord

Regions of the Differentiated Gut Tube Foregut Pharynx Thoracic & abdominal esophagus Stomach Superior half of the duodenum (superior to the ampulla of Vater) Midgut Inferior half of the Duodenum Jejunum, Ileum, Cecum, Appendix Ascending colon Right 2/3 of transverse colon Hindgut Left 1/3 of transverse colon Descending & Sigmoid colon Rectum

Accessory Organs Derived From the Gut Tube Endoderm

Pharyngeal pouch derivatives Lungs Liver parenchyma & hepatic duct epithelium GB, cystic duct, common bile duct Dorsal & ventral pancreatic buds (exocrine cells, duct epithelium, and probably endocrine cells

Urogenital Sinus & derivatives