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S GIO DC V O TO

K LK
CHNH THC
( nay co 2 trang)

KY THI CHON HOC SINH GIOI TINH NM HC 2011 2012


MN: HO HC 12 THPT
Thi gian: 180 pht (khng k giao )
Ngay thi: 10/11/2011

Cu 1: (2,5 im)
1. Cho 3 nguyn t X, Y, Z (Z X < ZY < ZZ). X, Y cung mt nhm A 2 chu ki lin tip trong bang
tun hoan; Y, Z la hai nguyn t k cn nhau trong mt chu ki; Tng s proton trong hat nhn X, Y la 24.
Xac inh b bn s lng t cua electron sau cung trong cc nguyn t X, Y, Z.
2. Cho c khit cua mang tinh th lp phng tm khi la = 68 %. T o hay tinh khi lng
ring cua nguyn t Natri theo g/cm3, bit Natri kt tinh co dang tinh th lp phng tm khi va ban kinh
hiu dung cua nguyn t Natri bng 0,189 nm
Cu 2: (1,5 im)
1. Thm 100 ml HCl vao hn hp KIO3 va KI d chun it giai phong ra thi ht 10,5 ml Na2S2O3
0,01054M. Vit phng trinh ha hc dang ion rut gon va cn bng phan ng theo phng phap cn
bng ion electron. Tinh nng dung dich HCl ?
2. Trn x mol tinh th CaCl 2.6H2O vao A lit dung dich CaCl2 co nng B mol/l va khi lng ring
la D1 g/l ta thu c V lit dung dich CaCl2 co nng mol/l la C va co khi lng ring la D2 (g/l).
Hay tinh gia tri cua x theo A, B, C, D1, D2.
Cu 3: ( 2,0 im)
o
-5
-2
1. Hng s cn bng cua phan ng iu ch NH3: N2 + 3H2
2NH3 500 C bng 1,5.10 atm .
Tinh xem co bao nhiu phn trm hn hp ban u (N 2 + 3H2) a chuyn thanh NH3, nu phan ng c
thc hin 500 atm, 1000 atm. Cho nhn xet v kt qua
2. Cho bin thin nng cht phan ng theo thi gian c biu din theo bang nh sau:
t (s)
[A] mol/l

0
0,4

20
0,2

40
0,1

60
0,05

Tinh tc tc thi cua phan ng tai giy th 20.


Cu 4: ( 1,5 im)
1. Tinh nhit sinh chun ( H0298.s) cua CH4 (K). Bit rng nng lng lin kt H H trong H 2 la 436
kJ.mol-1; nng lng lin kt trung binh C H trong CH 4 la 410 kJ.mol-1 va nhit nguyn t hoa H0a cua
Cgr (K) la: H0a= 718,4 kJ.mol-1. Cac gia tri u xac inh iu kin chun.
2. S phn huy N2O5 theo phan ng: N2O5 N2O4 + O2 co bc ng hoc bng 1. 250C, hng s
tc bng 10-3 phut -1. nhit nay ngi ta cho vao binh phan ng khi N 2O5 di ap sut po = 25.103
Pa. Hoi sau 2 gi ap sut ring cua N2O4 va cua O2 la bao nhiu?
Cu 5: (2,5 im)
1. Khi thm NaOH vao dung dich CuSO4 thi tao ra kt tua Cux(OH)y(SO4)z. lam kt tua hoan toan
ion Cu2+ cha trong 25 ml CuSO4 0,1M cn 18,75 ml NaOH 0,2M.
- Xac inh ti s mol Cu2+/OH- trong kt tua
- Tinh thanh phn phn trm cac nguyn t trong Cux(OH)y(SO4)z
- Vit phng trinh ha hc xay ra.
2. Mt pin c cu tao bi 2 in cc, in cc th nht gm mt thanh ng nhung trong dung
dich Cu2+ co nng 10-2M; in cc th hai gm 1 thanh Cu nhung trong dung dich phc [Cu(NH 3)4]2+
10-2M. Sut in ng cua pin 250C la 38 mV. Tinh nng mol/l cua ion Cu2+ trong dung dich in

cc m va tinh hng s bn cua phc cht [Cu(NH3)4]2+. Bit K a ,NH+4 = 10-9,2.


Cu 6: ( 3,0 im)
A la mu hp kim Cu Zn. Chia mu hp kim o thanh 2 phn bng nhau:
- Phn 1 hoa tan bng dung dich HCl d thy con lai 1 gam khng tan.
- Phn 2 luyn thm 4 gam Al vao thi thy thu c mu hp kim B trong o ham lng phn
trm cua Zn nho hn 33,33 % so vi ham lng Zn trong mu hp kim A.
a) Tinh ham lng % cua Cu trong mu hp kim A, bit rng khi ngm mu hp kim B vao dung
dich NaOH thi sau mt thi gian khi bay ra a vt qua 6,0 lit (ktc).
b) T hp kim B mun co hp kim C cha 20% Cu; 50% Zn va 30% Al thi phai luyn thm cac kim
loai vi lng nh th nao?
Cu 7: ( 2,0 im)
+ ddKMnO 4
2 mol
1. Hirocacbon A co d A = 2,5. Xac inh cng thc cu tao cua A bit 1 mol A
O2

H 2SO 4

CO2 + 2 mol axit oxalic. A co ng phn hinh hoc khng? Nu co hay vit cac ng phn hinh hoc cua A
va goi tn A.
2. hir hoa 1 mol ankan A thu c 1 mol hirocacbon B khng no, thc hin phan ng ozon
phn B cho ra 1 mol anehit maleic va 2 mol anehit fomic. Xac inh cng thc cu tao cua hirocacbon
A va B.
Cu 8: ( 2,0 im)
1. Hp cht X co cng thc phn t C9H10O2 phan ng vi dung dich NaHCO3 giai phong khi CO2. X
khng lam mt mau dung dich nc brom. X khng phan ng vi CH 3OH khi co mt H2SO4 c. Khi cho
H2SO4 c vao X sau o cho hn hp vao CH 3OH a c lam lanh thi thu c hp cht B co cng thc
phn t C10H12O2. Hay vit cng thc cu tao cua A. Giai thich cac tinh cht trn cua A va c ch phan
ng tao thanh B.
2. ixian la hp cht co cng thc C2N2. Vit CTCT cua ixian, khi un nong ixian n 5000C thu
c cht rn A co mau en, cng thc (CN)n. Vit CTCT cua A.
Cu 9: (3,0 im)
1. Peptit A co phn t khi bng 307 va cha 13,7% N. Khi thuy phn mt phn thu c 2 peptit B,
C. Bit 0,48 g B phan ng vi 11,2 ml dung dich HCl 0,536M va 0,708 g cht C phan ng vi 15,7 ml
dung dich KOH 2,1 % (d= 1,02 g/ml). Bit cac phan ng xay hoan toan va co un nong. Lp cng thc
cu tao cua A, goi tn cac amino axit tao thanh A.
2. Hai hp cht thm A v B u c cng thc phn t C nH2n-8O2. Hi B c khi lng ring 5,447
g/l (ktc). A c kh nng phn ng vi kim loi Na gii phng H 2 v c phn ng trng gng. B phn
ng c vi Na2CO3 gii phng kh CO2 .
a) Vit cng thc cu to ca A, B.
b) A c 3 ng phn A1; A2; A3, trong A1 l ng phn c nhit si nh nht.
Xc nh cng thc cu to ca A1, gii thch.
c) Vit s chuyn ho o-crezol thnh A1; toluen thnh B.
Cho: H=1; C=12; N=14; O=16; F=19; Na=23; Mg=24; Al=27; Si=28; P=31; S=32; Cl=35,5; K=39;
Ca=40; Cr=52; Mn=55; Fe=56; Cu=64; Zn=65; Br=80; Ag=108; Sn=118,7; I=127; Ba=137;
-

.HT.
Thi sinh khng c s dng tai liu va bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc
Giam thi khng giai thich gi thm
H v tn th sinh.......... S bo danh.....

HNG DN AP AN MN HA HC 12 THPT

NI DUNG

IM

Cu 1:(2,5)
24
= 12 ZX< Z < ZY. A, B thuc cung mt phn nhom
2
chinh 2 chu ki lin tip X, Y thuc cung chu ki 2, 3. Do o: ZY Z X = 8 (2)
ZX = 8
X : O

T (1) va (2)
ZY = 16 Y : S

1. ZX + ZY = 24 (1) Z =

Y, Z la 2 nguyn t k cn nhau trong 1 chu ki: ZZ = 17 Z la Cl


Cu hinh (e): O : 1s22s22p4.
S: 1s22s22p63s23p4
Cl: 1s22s22p63s23p5.
B 4 s lng t cua (e) sau cung cua:
1
O: n = 2; l = 1; m = -1; s =
2
1
S: n = 3; l = 1; m = -1; s =
2
1
Cl: n = 3; l = 1; m = 0; s = .
2
2. Th tich cua mt nguyn t natri trong tinh th:
4
.3,14.(0,189.107 cm)3 = 2,83.10 23 cm3
3
Khi lng ring cua natri:
23.68
0,92g / cm3
3
23
6, 022.10 .2,83.10 .100
Cu 2: (1,5)
Phan ng xay ra khi cho HCl vao

2I O3 + 12H+ + 10e

2 I

2I O3 + 10 I + 12H+

6I2 +6 I

0,5

0,25
0,5

0,25

I2 + 6H2O
I2 + 2e
6I2 + 6H2O

0,25

6 I3

0,25

0,25

219x + AD1 = VD 2
xD 2 +ABD 2 = 219xC +AD1C
x + AB = VC

CH3
COOH
CH2OH
CH
Cl
ABD 2 2ACD1
x=
219Co OHD
OH
OH
+ 2

Cl2

as

Cu 3(2)
1. Hng dn:

KMnO4 (t );H

+ NaOH
t0

0,5
0,25

IO3 +8 I + 6H+
3 I3 + 3H2O
2

I3 + 2S2 O32
S4 O6 +3 I
1
1
n I = n S O2 = n H + n H + = 0, 01054.10,5.10 3
3
2 2 3
2
0,1107.103.1000
[HCl] =
= 1,107.10 3 M
100
1.Hng dn:
Ta co:

CH3

0,5


4EC H

+ CuO
t0

0,25

CH=O
OH

0,25

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