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CLAY BASEDTECHNOLOGIES
Practical Action Sudan in association with the Al Fashir and Gemayer Associations forEarthenware Manufacturing
 
Practical Answers Sudan
The Technical Enquiries Services
This manufacturing manual has step by step instructions, photos and technical drawingsfor the manufacture of:* The Clay Refrigerator* The Improved Clay Stove* The Mubkhar Stove* The Kisra Clay Stove* The Zeer Water Cooler
 
Extended thanks are given to the Al Fashir Womens Associationfor Earthenware Manufacturing in North Darfur, especiallyFatima Bakheet Diko the leader of the association who appearsin a large number of the instruction pictures. The contributionof the Practical Action project manager Awad Allah HamedMohammed who coordinated with the potteries association hasbeen invaluable in preparing this guide. Thanks should also go to
Howida Mohammed the Practical Answers team ofcer in North
Darfur who helped with translation and research.With regards to the research carried out at Gemayer in Omdurmanthanks is given to the Earthenware Manufacturing Associationsand notably the potter John Aguer But who coordinated the visit,as well as Practical Answers Manager Shadia Abdul Moneim andthe trainee Walaa Isam Elboushi who participated in the gatheringof research. Finally appreciation is extended to Kemal Khalifa for
the technical drawings for each of the ve technologies.
Acknowledgements
 
1. Introduction………………………………………………………. 52. Testing, improving the quality and manufacturing clay……… 63. Clay Preparation…………………………………………….…… 84. The Zeer Water Cooler……………………………………..……. 105. The Clay Refrigerator………………………………………........ 156. The Improved Clay Stove………………………………………... 207. The Mubkhar Stove (Charcoal burning stove)………..……….. 238. The Kisra Clay Stove………………….…………………….…… 279. Further Development of Clay based Technologies……..…….. 3010. Contacts…………………………………………………………. 31
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