Bab 5 Distribusi Normal

Chap 5-1

Topik

distribusi normal distribusi normal standar

Chap 5-2

Distribusi Probabilitas Kontinu

variabel random kontinu

Values from interval of numbers Absence of gaps Distribution of continuous random variable

distribution probabilitas kontinu

Most important continuous probability distribution

distribusi normal

Chap 5-3

Distribusi Normal

Bell shaped Symmetrical Mean, median and mode are equal Interquartile range equals 1.33 Random variable has infinite range

f(X)

Mean Median Mode

Chap 5-4

Model Matematika
f (X ) = 1
2 1 2

2 f ( X ) : density of random variable X

2 X ( ) 2

= 3.14159; e = 2.71828 : population mean : population standard deviation

X : value of random variable ( < X < )
Chap 5-5

Beberapa Distribusi Normal

distribusi normal dengan parameters and , berbeda

Chap 5-6

Menentukan Nilai Probabilitas

Probability is the area under the curve!
f(X)

P (c X d ) = ?

X
Chap 5-7

Tabel yang digunakan?

An infinite number of normal distributions means an infinite number of tables to look up!
Chap 5-8

Distribution Normal Standar

Cumulative Standardized Normal Distribution Table (Portion)

Z = 0

Z =1
.5478
Shaded Area Exaggerated

.00

.01

.02

0.0 .5000 .5040 .5080

0.1 .5398 .5438 .5478

0.2 .5793 .5832 .5871
Probabilities

0
Z = 0.12

0.3 .6179 .6217 .6255

Only One Table is Needed

Chap 5-9

Contoh
Z= X

6.2 5 = = 0.12 10
Standardized Normal Distribution

Normal Distribution

= 10

Z =1

=5

6.2

Shaded Area Exaggerated

Z = 0

0.12

Z
Chap 5-10

P ( 2.9 X 7.1) = .1664

Z= X

Contoh
Z=

2.9 5 = = .21 10

7.1 5 = = .21 10

Normal Distribution

= 10

Standardized Normal Distribution

.0832

Z =1
.0832

2.9

=5

7.1

0.21

Shaded Area Exaggerated

Z = 0

0.21

Z
Chap 5-11

P ( 2.9 X 7.1) = .1664(continued)

Cumulative Standardized Normal Distribution Table (Portion) Z .00 .01 .02

Contoh:

Z = 0

Z =1
.5832
Shaded Area Exaggerated

0.0 .5000 .5040 .5080

0.1 .5398 .5438 .5478

0.2 .5793 .5832 .5871 0.3 .6179 .6217 .6255

0
Z = 0.21

Chap 5-12

P ( 2.9 X 7.1) = .1664(continued)

Cumulative Standardized Normal Distribution Table (Portion) Z .00 .01 .02

Contoh:

Z = 0
.4168

Z =1

-03 .3821 .3783 .3745

-02 .4207 .4168 .4129

Shaded Area Exaggerated

-0.1 .4602 .4562 .4522 0.0 .5000 .4960 .4920

0
Z = -0.21

Chap 5-13

P ( X 8 ) = .3821
Z=
Normal Distribution

Contoh:

85 = = .30 10
Standardized Normal Distribution

= 10

Z =1
.3821
8

=5

Z = 0

0.30

Z
Chap 5-14

Shaded Area Exaggerated

P ( X 8 ) = .3821
Cumulative Standardized Normal Distribution Table (Portion)

Contoh:

(continued)

Z = 0

Z =1
.6179
Shaded Area Exaggerated

.00

.01

.02

0.0 .5000 .5040 .5080

0.1 .5398 .5438 .5478

0.2 .5793 .5832 .5871 0.3 .6179 .6217 .6255

0
Z = 0.30

Chap 5-15

pada Probabilitas tertentu

What is Z Given Probability = 0.1217 ? Cumulative Standardized Normal Distribution Table (Portion)

Mengetahui nilai Z

Z = 0
.6217

Z =1

.00

.01

0.2

0.0 .5000 .5040 .5080 0.1 .5398 .5438 .5478 0.2 .5793 .5832 .5871

Shaded Area Exaggerated

Z = .31

0.3 .6179 .6217 .6255

Chap 5-16

untuk mengetahui Probabilitas

Normal Distribution

Nilai X

= 10

Standardized Normal Distribution

.1179

Z =1
.3821

=5

Z = 0

0.30

X = + Z = 5 + (.30 )(10 ) = 8
Chap 5-17

Assessing Normality

(continued)

Normal Probability Plot for Normal Distribution

90

X 60
30 -2 -1 0 1 2

Look for Straight Line!

Chap 5-18

Normal Probability Plot

Left-Skewed
90

Right-Skewed
90

X 60
30 -2 -1 0 1 2

X 60 Z
30 -2 -1 0 1 2

Rectangular
90

U-Shaped
90

X 60
30 -2 -1 0 1 2

X 60 Z
30 -2 -1 0 1 2
Chap 5-19

P(X)
Smaller sample size

Larger sample size

X
Chap 5-20

Populasi Normal
Population Distribution Central Tendency

X =
Variation

= 10

X =

= 50
Sampling Distributions n=4 n = 16 X =5 X = 2.5

Sampling with Replacement

X = 50

X
Chap 5-21

Populasi tidak Normal

Population Distribution Central Tendency

X =
Variation

= 10

X =

= 50
Sampling Distributions n=4 n = 30 X =5 X = 1.8

Sampling with Replacement

X = 50

X
Chap 5-22

Central Limit Theorem

As sample size gets large enough the sampling distribution becomes almost normal regardless of shape of population

X
Chap 5-23

Contoh:

=8

=2

n = 25

P ( 7.8 < X < 8.2 ) = ?

7.8 8 X X 8.2 8 < < P ( 7.8 < X < 8.2 ) = P X 2 / 25 2 / 25 = P ( .5 < Z < .5 ) = .3830
Sampling Distribution

2 X = = .4 25

Standardized Normal Distribution

Z =1
.1915

7.8

8.2 X = 8

0.5

Z = 0

0.5

Z
Chap 5-24