\u00daVOD.................................................................................................................................................... 3 PASIVITA MASOV\u00c9HO PUBLIKA ?........................................................................ ........................ 4 AKTIVITA U\u017dIVATELE ?............................................................................................. .................... 10 Z\u00c1V\u011aR................................................................................................................................. ............... 14 Biblografie.......................................................................................................................................... . 15

Walter Benjamin n\u00e1s takto uv\u00e1d\u00ed do problematiky, kterou zkoum\u00e1 ve sv\u00e9m slavn\u00e9m a v posledn\u00edch letech tolik citovan\u00e9m d\u00edle \u201eUm\u011bleck\u00e9 d\u00edlo ve v\u011bku sv\u00e9 technick\u00e9 reprodukovatelnosti\u201c. V souvislosti se vznikem nov\u00fdch um\u011bleck\u00fdch forem, tedy s objeven\u00edm a postupn\u00fdm \u201eusazov\u00e1n\u00edm\u201c nov\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed, pozoruje Benjamin vznik nov\u00e9 formy vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed. V kontextu jeho d\u00edla to byla zejm\u00e9na fotografie a film. \u201eRozpt\u00fdlen\u00ed\u201c, jak tuto novou formu vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed pojmenov\u00e1v\u00e1, stav\u00ed do protikladu k p\u016fvodn\u00ed form\u011b \u201ekontemplace\u201c, \u010di soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je v jeho syst\u00e9mu spojena se star\u0161\u00edmi, \u201eauratick\u00fdmi\u201c2, um\u011bleck\u00fdmi d\u00edly.

V t\u00e9to pr\u00e1ci se chci pokusit uk\u00e1zat, \u017ee Benjamin\u016fv koncept vych\u00e1z\u00ed ze specifick\u00e9ho, pro jeho dobu charakteristick\u00e9ho ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed publika, resp. masy a masov\u00e9ho publika. Toto ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed predeterminuje p\u0159\u00edstup k publiku jako v jist\u00e9m

z\u00e1visela na jeho jedine\u010dnosti v prostoru a \u010dase. Benjamin tuto ztr\u00e1tu vn\u00edm\u00e1 velmi siln\u011b jako likvidaci
um\u011bleck\u00e9ho d\u00edla. To bylo jako takov\u00e9 zakotveno ve sv\u00e9m ritu\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u016fvodu, ztrat\u00ed-li ho, tedy
nem\u016f\u017eeme-li na um\u011bleck\u00e9 d\u00edlo \u201ep\u0159ikl\u00e1dat m\u011b\u0159\u00edtko pravosti\u201c, potom se podle Benjamina m\u011bn\u00ed i cel\u00e1
funkce um\u011bn\u00ed. \u201eNa m\u00edsto jeho ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kladny nastoup\u00ed z\u00e1kladna konstituovan\u00e1 jinou prax\u00ed:
politikou.\u201c \u2013 srov. tamt\u00e9\u017e, s. 20-22