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Business Strategy
BATA: STRATEGIC CHOICES
Case Analysis Assignment 
 
Introduction
This case highlights the challenges faced by the Bata Management in the wake of changing markettrends in the form of increased competition from the local players as well as the constantly increasingthreat of Chinese imports. Bata had traditionally targeted the lower middle and middle class segmentsof the society and was now contemplating changes in its strategy to be able to survive in the market.
Analysis of Bata’s Current Market Position
With the evolving market and changing market dynamics Bata was being given a tough time by itslocal competitors and other footwear being imported from China. Bata management feared that theywould not be able to survive because they could not compete with the low cost Chinese products, hencethey embarked on a plan to enter the premium segment of the market to be able to survive, becausethey felt competition from Chinese products there would be much less. However, in my opinion, their management in the year 2001, made a mistake by committing to go after the premium segment as well, without realizing the fact that their image would be hurt and could get diluted because they were moving into a domain for which their activities were not aligned. Other thanthe activities too we have to consider the Brand image that Bata had developed over the past 40 odd  years of its existence in Pakistan, and this image was by no means that of a brand which could boast about having premium footwear products, in fact Bata was just meeting the basic functional needs of its middle class customers. Therefore their strategy does not seem to be at all well cut out, as frommost of their activities it appears that once they were challenged they resorted to a fire fighting approach and tried their hand at almost all possible arrangements, without gauging the fit of theactivities to their strategy. It may be concluded that Bata’s management made the fatal error of just enjoying their successes whilst the market was not mature, but when the competitors kicked in and themarket approached maturity, they were left in the lurch because of not having made clear trade offs interms of image, activities & internal coordination and then had to pay the price. Their current  predicament has been analyzed in detail using a strategy framework below.
Target Customers
Bata had traditionally been targeting the middle strata of the society in Pakistan. In precise terms theywere focused more on the lower middle and middle classes. Due to the changing market dynamics thecompetition had started undercutting their prices and Bata was thinking of shifting its focus towardsthe higher premium end of the market as well. This basically resulted in it pursuing practices, throughwhich it could not focus its efforts.
Identity
– Middle Class families were being offered footwear by Bata as they had shoes ranges for school going children, young men, and even some offerings for women. It can be inferred about thecustomers that these would be spending roughly around Rs. 300 to Rs. 1500 for a normal purchase.
Behaviors
– In terms of the behavioral aspects Bata’s target customers could be quite pricesensitive, demanding value for money, looking for utilitarian needs to be met, and not excessivelyconscious about the shoe lasting for ages and being very sturdy, yet at the same time demandingadequate quality footwear which they can trust to last for a season or two. Bata may also becategorized as a store where usually entire families visit together because of the various offerings thatBata has to offer to them.
 
Value Proposition for the Customers
If analyzed for the value that Bata was providing to its customers their value proposition may becategorized as follows.
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Reasonable quality at low or reasonable price
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Footwear for the entire family
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Footwear catering to various functional needs e.g. sports, casual footwear, formal-semi formal
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Conveniently accessible outlets in various parts of the country
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Prior to entry of local players and the Chinese imports, some sort of social visibility could also be associated with Bata, as it was one of the two major brands in the country then.
Position of the Firm
Variety
– Bata although traditionally had product lines catering to the middle class segment of thesociety, yet recently it had also targeted the higher income segment with certain products.
Needs
– In terms of the needs, Bata was in a way successful in positioning itself as a brand havingstores with products to meet the needs of almost all members of the family, since it had product rangesfor children, men, women etc.
Access
– Bata had positioned itself by employing various distribution channels (retail as well aswholesale) to enhance its access for the customers. Their nationwide retail network was one of their key strengths.
Sustainability of the Position
Initially Bata as has been elaborated was positioned as brand offering footwear products for the entirefamily members and for the people belonging to the middle class. But when its management decided toalso tap the premium segment of the market, their decision may be categorized as one which castdoubts about the sustainability of Bata’s desired position in the market.
Image
– In my opinion Bata’s image would be diluted as a result of it pursuing various segments andtrying to cater to their needs. Its traditional positioning would also be impacted and there would bechances of Bata not being able to provide an experience fit to its customers as per their expectations.
Activities
– The sort of activities which they employed e.g. manufacturing in-house as well asoutsourcing, having four categories of outlets (A,B,C,D) catering to various segments of the societyfrom upper to the lower ones, selling through retail as well as the wholesale channel, would not help inany way at conveying a consistent image to its customers. Hence it can be stated that they failed tomake any particular trade offs as far as the key activities were concerned.
Internal Coordination
– With Bata engaging a wide array of activities and practices it would bealmost impossible to maintain internal coordination and hence achieve optimization.
Sustainability of Competitive Advantage
The competitive advantage for Bata based on what they are currently planning to do i.e. trying to offer something for each and every segment would render them pretty uncompetitive. The various levels of fits, that a firm should strive for, would not be easily achievable for Bata given their current moves.The first requirement of having the activities consistent with their strategy would be tough to attain
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