Institute of Management & Information Technology
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Data:-
Collection of raw facts and figures are called data.
Information:-
Arranged form of data is called information.
Data Base:-
Collection of data related to specific topic or purpose is called data base.
Example
:-School Data Base.Library Data Base.Order entry Data Base.Inventory control Data Base.Computerized book keeping system.is called Data Base.Organized collection of information is called Data Base.
DBMS
:- (Data Base Management System)It is software from which we can create stores retrieve and manage the data base.
Example
:-Microsoft Access, Oracle, SQL Server, DB2, Informix, etc.
Access:-
Access is a relational data base management system from which we can createstores retrieves manipulate and manage the data base.
Objects use in Access:-
There are four objects use in Access which are given below.a.
Tableb.
Queryc.
Formd.
Report
Table:-
Data organized in rows and columns is called table, all the information of database stores in table.
Query:-
It is a tool from which we can request or ask question from data base to provideinformation is called Query.
Form:-
It is an interface or front end of data base where we enter view and edit the informations or records.
Report:-
The printed form of Table or Query is called report. It is used for analyzing orfor decision making.
We can create Table by three ways.
1.
Create table by design view.2.
Create table by wizard.3.
Create table by entering data.
How to create table by design view?
i.
Click on table.ii.
Double click on create table by design view.iii.
Write the field name.iv.
Choose the data type.v.
Close the table.vi.
Click on yes.vii.
Type the table name.viii.
OK.
Create table by wizard.
i.
Click on table.ii.
Double click on create table by wizard.
Institute of Management & Information Technology
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Choose the table.iv.
Select the field by clicking(>>) Button.v.
Next, Next again and Finish.
Create table by entering data.
i.
Click on table.ii.
Double click on create table by entering data.iii.
Right click on field and choose rename.iv.
Type the field name.v.
Press Enter.vi.
Close the table.vii.
Click yes.viii.
Type the table name.
Field:-
A single unite of information is called field.
Example:-
Name, Address, city, etc.
Record:-
The set of related data fields is called records.
Data type:-
Text:-
This data type accepts characters. If you will assign data type to any field, youwill be able to write max 255 characters in that field. Assign text data type or name,f/name and address types of fields. If default, its capacity is 50 characters. You canincrease that to 255 from field properties portion.
Number:-
This data types accepts numbers. You can choose any kind of number displayfrom field properties portion.
Date/Time:-
Assign this data type to fields which will store date and time. As you knowfrom pervious knowledge of excel, date and time are stored in special fashion like‘Thursday 30-sep-04’ or ‘10/30/04’ or ‘sep-30-04’. These formats could be chosen fromfield properties portion. Also time shares the same logic. Many type of time display couldbe set from field properties portion of table design view.
Memo:-
This data type also accepts characters. You can add as many as 65,535characters in this type of field.
Auto number:-
If you will assign AutoNumber data type to any field, it will not be underuser’s control. Ms Access will automatically assign values in this field. If will go from 1to infinite depends on records in a table. It is long integer by nature. Each time newrecord will go in the table, this field will increment by one.
Yes/No:-
This data type only accepts values in yes or no. on display, you will see a“check box” in table’s field. Either you can click in the check box for “right mark”, foryes and leave it empty for no value.
Currency:-
If you want to enter values in for currency calculations, assign data typecurrency to field. This type accepts values in dollars, cents, and pennies.
OLE/Object:-
(Object Link Embedded) This type of data type enables us to put picturesin field. You should assign this data type if you want to enter pictures, say of students, ina field of table.
Hyperlink:-
AS its name indicates, when assigned to any field, this data types requires towrite any text that will serve as hyperlink. You should also assign any file’s path to thattext so when clicked with left mouse button that file will open.
Lookup wizard:-
Use this option against any field which you want to be a “foreign key”.When assigned to any field, you will see another window which will ask you to choose atable and its field as foreign key.
Institute of Management & Information Technology
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Field properties.Date/timeFormat:-
Short date, medium date(12jun04), long date.
Caption:-
To change the title of any field.
Default value:-
To put and create word like most of students fee is (1500) so in theparticular column if we click then by default there will be (1500) if you want to changethe value you can.
Look up wizard:-
Use of values like ( Quetta, Karachi, Islamabad).
Required:-
Yes/No it used to make compulsory that the specific field must have a valuewe can’t keep that empty.
Validation rule:-
Is used when we want that in the specific field must not contain Lessthen or greater then or not equal to or equal to needed value like.Between 500 and 200.> Greater then.< Less then.> Greater then and equal to.< Less then and equal to.= Not equal to.Between.
Entity RelationshipValidation text:-
Enter the correct value.
Input mask:-
. Click on the box then a wizard will open.
Entity:-
Entity is an object which can be identified distinctly.
Example:-
In an organization different deportment or the entities of the organization.
Sales Department.
Purchase Department.
Attributes:-
The properties or characteristics of an entity which define the entity arecalled attributes.
Relationship:-
The association among the entity is called relationship.
Primary key:-
It is unique key which identify a record in data base. It is also used formaking relation ship.
Foreign key:-
It is referred to primary key in other table.
Relationships among tables:-
After making tables we relate them with each other forintegrity (honesty, uprightness, reliability). We want that data in one table mustcorrespond to data in other tables. Consider the example below.This table contains information about students roll no, name and attendance. Suppose wehave another table containing the information about student’s marks in final exam.Now it is obvious that only those students will appear in exam that will have their recordsin first table. So each record in table one is connected with table two. In this case we say
Roll No Name AttendanceRoll No Marks
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MS ACCESS
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| Category: | Uncategorized. |
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| Upload Date: | 07/07/2009 |
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