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Genomic Healthcare: A New Era inHealthcare for Pediatric Nurses
Dale Halsey Lea, MPH, RN,CGC,FAANNational Human Genome ResearchInstitute
Learning Objectives
•Define genomic healthcare.•Describe the role of genes in health anddisease.•Describe three new genomic research efforts.•Discuss the nursing role in family historyassessment.•List two new ways that genetic testing is beingused in pediatric practice.•Identify ethical issues of concern with regard togenomic healthcare.
 
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Yesterday’s Genetics
•Chromosomes –units of heredity insidecells –first discovered in the late 1800’s.•Early 1900’s –inherited diseases firstlinked to chromosomes.•!950’s –1980’s –genetic tests for geneticconditions affecting children such as cysticfibrosis, Down syndrome and Duchennemuscular dystrophy were developed.
Yesterday’s Genetics
•Genetic testing used to make or confirm adiagnosis, and to screen newborns forconditions such as PKU so earlyinterventions and treatments could beadministered.•Very few research laboratories capable ofconducting genetic testing, and fewcommercial genetic testinglaboratories.
 
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Today’s Genetics and Genomics
•NHGRI lead the Human Genome Projectfor the National Institutes of Health.•The full human genome sequence wascompleted in April 2003.•NHGRI now moves forward into thegenomic era with research aimed atimproving health and fighting disease.
Genetics and Genomics
•Genetics –the study of individual genes andtheir impact on relatively rare, single genedisorders.•Genomics –the study of all genes in the humangenome together, including their interactionswith each other, the environment, and theinfluence of other psychosocial and culturalfactors.
 – http://www.genome.gov/17517037
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