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35
trSwf(2)? azaz:0g7Dv 2009 ckeSpf
tvif;&eH@ 
*sme,f
[d  kbuf+cHæ
jrefrmho,HZmwpGrf;tifeJ@ywfowfvm&if usaemfwkd @eJ@ &mZ0ifxJrSmvnf;tcspfcifqH k; tdrfeD;em;csif; xd kif;Ek  difiHud kb,fvkdrScsefxm;cJhvd k @ rjzpfygbl;? armif&ifwk  d @eJ @ [k  dbuf+cH/ 'Dbuf+cHvk  djzpfaewJ  h,d k;',m; (od k @) xk  dif;Ek  difiH[m wjcm;tdrfeD;csif; Ek  difiHawGeJ @ pm&if qufEG,fr_awG/ ¶_yfaxG;r_awG/ rsm;pGm&dSaewJhtdrfeD;csif;wpfa,mufyg? tdENd,/ w¶kwf/ b*Fvm;'uf(&f  S)awGeJ @ jrefrmEk  difiHwk  d @&JŒ pGrf;tifqdkif&mukefoG,fr_[m pD;yGm;a&; wifru Ek  difiHa&;yg uef @vef @umaemufuG,frSm csnfaESmifxm;ygw,f? xd kif; - jrefrm pGrf;tifta&;rSmawmh 'gawGtjyif yk*~vdu tusKd;pD;yGm;eJ@ t&if;&Sifp¶dkufqefwJhtðytrlawGeJ@ xdkif;&JŒ trsKd;om;tusKd;pD;yGm;eJ@ 0g'awGukdyg waphwapmif; awG@&rSm jzpfygw,f? xk  dif;Ed kifiH&JŒ pufr_vkyfief;/ "mwfaiG @vd ktyfr_E_ef;eJ @ Ek  difiHa&;/ pD;yGm;a&; ,SufEG,f r_awGud k pkpnf;wifjyygr,f?
usm;jzpfcJ  hwmvnf; ²²² =um
jrefrmbk&ifawGbkef;rD;aevawmufcJ  hwJ  htwdwfu tusL;ausmfcHxd kif;[m 'Duae@rSm jrefrmudk wwd,urBmhEkdifiHtjzpf tay:u ikH@=unfhaeyg+yD? jynfwGif;uowif;pmaqmif;yg;&SifawGuawmh bkef;awmfbGJ@awGeJ@ wdkif;jynf}uD; acwfrDwkd;wufaeyga=umif; '¾m&DtopfawGzG  J@aecd sefrSm xd kif;u usaemfwd k@ud k wu,fh'¾m&DxJ xm;cJhawmhrSmyg? wu,fawmh xdkif;[m armif&ifwkd@EkdifiHeJ@ pD;yGm;òydifbuftqifh r[kwfawmhygbl;? ac:awmifrac:oif  hawmhygbl;? armif&ifwk  d @Ek  difiH}uD;xJarSmifarSmifjrifa=umuf &r,f  hykHjyifawGeJ @ acsmhodyfcHcJ  h&cd sefrSm xd kif;[m a'owGif;rSma&m urB mrSmyg vl&m0ifvm +yD; ta&SŒawmiftm&SrSm wu,f  hud krmefzDEdkifwJ  hud k;awmifusm;jzpfcJ  hwm =umyg+yD?
[d kbuf_cHu rD;xdefxdef
armif&if
 
36
trSwf(2)? azaz:0g7Dv 2009 ckeSpf
tvif;&eH@ 
*sme,f
xdkif;EkdifiH&JŒzG@Hòzd;r_/ ta&SŒawmiftm&S&JŒ usm;wpfaumiftjzpf pD;yGm;a&;awmif  hwif;r_awGud kaxmufuefxm;wJ  ht"du tajccHr¾dKifwpfckuawmhxk  H;pHtwd kif; v#yfppfpGrf;tifyJ jzpfygw,f? xdkif;EkdifiH[m olydkifqkdifwJh obm0t&if;tjrpfawGuuef@owfyrm%yJ&SdwJhtjyif a&tm;v#yfppfxkwfEkdifpGrf;uvnf; *dwfqkH;a&mufaewJhtwGuftm&SrSm jynfyu a&eHeJ @ avmifpmwifoGif;r_ud kt"dutm;txm;&qk  H; Ek  difiH wpfckjzpfygw,f? tJ'DvdkwJhv#yfppf"mwftm;udktdrfeD;csif;Ed kifiHawGjzpfwJhvmtdkeJ @ jrefrmEk  difiHawGuae 0,f,ljznf  hwif;zd k @ tonf;toefvkyfaqmifcJ  hygw,f?
ulnDyg&ap æ ulnDyg&apcifAs æ
pGrf;tifu¾ud k ktpd k;&tifwmy¶d kuf(pf)awGuyJt"duvkyfud kifaewJ  hxd kif;Ek  difiH rSm obm0"mwfaiG @[m pGrf;tifxkwfvkyf&m yifravmifpmjzpfygw,f? xd kif;Ek  difiHpGrf;tif vrf;pOfESif  hpDrHudef;ODpD;Xme&JŒ xkwfjyefcsuft& 2005 ckESpfrSm xdkif;Ek  difiH&JŒ v#yfppf"mwf tm; xkwfvkyfr_tm;vkH;&JŒ 70 &mckdifE_ef;ud k "mwfaiG@tajccHenf;ynmeJ@ xkwfvkyf+yD; "mwfaiG@vkdtyfcsuftm;vHk;&JŒ 74 &mckdifE_ef;[m 'D pGrf;tifu¾twGufjzpfw,fvkd@rSwfom;&ygw,f?xkdif;Ek  difiHpGrf;tif0ef}uD;Xme&JŒ 2002 ckESpfpm&if;t& wpfEk  difiHvk  H;&JŒ v#yfppf "mwftm;xkwfvkyfr_rSm "mwfqDtajccHxkwfukefrS  Sxkwfvkyfjcif; 2²7
μ
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μ
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μ
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μ
eJ@obm0"mwfaiG @rSxkwfvkyfjcif; 72²3
μ
&S  dygw,f? 'Dv#yfppf"mwftm; wk  duf¶d kufwifoGif; r_rSm tdrfeD;csif;EkdifiHrsm;jzpfwJh rav;&Sm;eJ@ vmtkdEkdifiHawGujzpf+yD; obm0"mwfaiG@wifoGif;r_tm;vk  H;rSm tdrfeD;csif; jrefrmEk  difiH uae 30
μ
txd&S  daeyg+yD? *k%f,lp&maumif;wm wpfcku (&ifempGmjzif  h) tckqd k&ifv#yfppfrD; ud k,fwd kif rxkwfvkyfEkdifwJh jrefrmEkdifiHu wifoGif;wJh obm0"mwfaiG@uae ajymif;vJvkdufwJhv#yfppf"mwftm;awG[m xdkif;Ek  difiH&JŒpufr_u¾eJ@ vlae&yfuGufawGrSmyg rD;ay;Ekdifzkd@wpfwyfwpftm; yg0ifulnDay;aewJha'gufwkdifwpfckjzpfaeyg+yD?
todynmrygwJ  htvkyfawGwmhwm
xdkif;EkdifiH&JŒ v#yfppf"mwftm;jzef@a0r_rSm pufr_u¾u 46
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knowledge-intensive
qk  dwJ  J  h  htod^m%fenf;ynm OD;pm;ay;wJ  hvkyfief;awGbufvSnh  f vmaeyg+yD?
 
37
trSwf(2)? azaz:0g7Dv 2009 ckeSpf
tvif;&eH@ 
*sme,f
tusKd;qufuawmhv#yfppftajccHtDvufxa&mepfpufr_vkyfief;eJ @ ,EW&m;
(machine)
pufr_vkyfief;awGudkyJOD;pm;ay;awmhrSmjzpf+yD; vltm; vuftm; rS  Dcdk&wJ  h txnfcsKyfvkyfief;/ vuf0wf&wemxnfvkyfief;/ y&dabm*vkyfief;awGeJ@ a0;&mqDa&mufatmifcsDwufae+yD jzpfygw,f? 'g[m pGrf;tifa&mif;pm;+yD;/ udk,fydkifrD;pufeJ@xkwfae&wJ  htxnfcsKyfvkyfief; xkwfukefav;awGwifyd k @cGif  h&zk  d @ta&; wpmpm atmfae &wJ  husaemfwk  d @Ek  difiH[m pufr_u¾rSm xd kif;eJ @ rsKd;qufwpfqufru jywfusefaecJ  hwmud k jrifEkdifygw,f?
aus;vufygrcsef
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xd  kif;vlhabmifwpfckvk  H; tqif  hjrif  ha&;
xk  dif;Ek  dif  fiH[m xk  dif;vl @abmifwpfckvk  H; wdk;wufa&;twGuf vlaer_eJ @ pD;yGm;a&; zG@Hòzd;wdk;wufa&; OD;wnfcsufrsm;udk xdkif;tpdk;&u &Spf}udrfajrmuf trsKd;om;zGH@òzd;wd k;wufa&; tpDtpOfqdk+yD; 1997 ckESpfrS 2001 ckESpftwGif; pDrHudef;cs aqmif¶GufcJ  h ygw,f? 'DrSm
 
National Energy Policy Office
ac: 
 
NEPO
 
qd kwJ  htrsKd;om;pGrf;tif ay:vpD¶kH;[m pGrf;tifvrf;pOf/ pDrHtkyfcsKyfr_awG a&;qGJazmfxkwf+yD; pGrf;tifeJ@qufpyf aewJ  htrsKd;om;pD;yGm;a&;eJ @ vlaer_zG @Hòzd;wk  d;wufa&; pDrHudef;awGud k
 
National EnergyPolicy Council
 
trsKd;om;pGrf;tifvrf;pOfaumifpDxH wifjyapcJhygw,f? 'D &Spf}udrf ajrmuftrsKd;om;zG  H @òzd;wd k;wufa&;tpDtpOf(1997-2001) [m xk  dif;EkdifiHpD;yGm;zG  H @òzd; wd k;wufzd k @ ta&;yg+yD; }uD;rm;wJhtcsKd;tauG @wpfckvdk @ ynm&Sifrsm;u ok  H;oyf=uygw,f? Ek  difiHwpfEk  difiH&JŒzG  H @òzd;r_rSm tajccHtaqmufttk  HwpfckjzpfwJ  hv#yfppfpGrf;tif&JŒ ta&;ygyk  Hud k aumif;pGmoabmaygufwJ  hxd kif;Ek  difiHrSm 2004 ckESpfup+yD; xdkif;aus;vuf a'otm;vk  H;eD;yg; (95 &mcdkifE_ef;ausmf) [m v#yfppfrD;&&S  dae+yDjzpfwJhtwGuf auseyf avmufzG,ftqif  hud ka&muf&S  dae+yDvd k @ aºuG;ausmfaeEk  difyg+yD? (òrdŒawmfawGrSm v#yfppftm; tjynf  hay;wmuawmhxnf  hajymp&mud krvk  dwJ  htwGufaus;vufa'oud kyJt"duxm;
of 00

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