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2/ crnf;awm?f r,fawmftrnf - OD;jr'if? a':vS'e G ;f
- acgif;uGa J us;Gm? NrKd iNf rKd Ue,f? yckuL cdi k ?f rauG;wdi k ;f ? - 1314 - ckEp S ?f e,kev f uG,?f (touf 14-ESpa f usmf 15-ESpt f 0if) (1952- ckEp S ?f ZGev f ) - 1319 - ckEp S ?f - q&mawmf OD;ynm (eEm&mrausmif;)? - r,fawmf a':vS'e G ;f
5/ omoemhabmif0ifaomausmif;- eEm&mrausmif;? acgif;uGt J aemufm G awmifausmif;? 6/ Sio f mraP0wfonhE f p S f 7/ &[ef;cHonhE f p S f 8/ OyZ,q f &mawmftrnf 10/ &[ef;'um
9/ &[ef;abmif0ifaomausmif; -eEm&mrausmif;? acgif;uGt J aemufm G awmifausmif; 11/ pmoifca hJ omausmif;rsm;ESifh q&mawmfrsm; - rEav; rpd;k &dra f usmif;wdu k f - em,uq&mawmfrsm;? - rEav;rd;k aumif;ausmif;wku d f - a';0ef;ausmif;q&mawmf? - a0,Hbo kH mwdu k f - q&mawmf OD;uvsmP? - awmiforefausmif;wdu k f - awmiforefq&mawmf- t&Sia f uo0gbd0o H ? 12/ awm&aqmufwnfco hJ nhE f p S f - oufawmf (25) ESp?f (&[ef; 5-0g)rS txuf 13/ 0gqdc k a hJ omausmif;rsm; - eEm&mrausmif;? acgif;uGt J aemufm G awmifausmif; -rEav; rpd;k &dra f usmif;wdu k f *E"& l e,lya'oausmif;
- rEav; rd;k aumif;ausmif;wdu k f - a';0ef;ausmif;? - a&pBuKd NrKd Ue,f? &Sir f awmift&yfawmausmif;? - tGur f a~ua G wm&ausmif; (acgif;uGa J us;GmteD;) - rif;uGe;f pHawmfra l wmifawm&? - rif;uGe;f aTjrifwifawmifawm&? - taSUd;k rtajc aiGawmifawm&? - taSUd;k r rd;k aygufusacsmifawm&? - &efuif;awmifajc? tEkyg'gef,Ofaus;rI? rd;k jymjc?H - "r0[ d m&m&mr? jrO,smOf(rd;k jymjc) H ?ajrmufOuvmy? &efue k ?f rif;uGe;f pHawmfra l wmif? 1329 - ckEp S ?f 1967 - ckEp S ?f
14/ t&d,opmudk pwifojd rifazmfxw k c f a hJ om ae&m 15/ t&d,opmudk pwifojd rifazmfxw k c f a hJ om ckEp S f-
16/ edAm e'DyeDb,fvJ pmrlMurf;a&;Ny;D aom ckEp S f - 1334 - ckEp S ?f e,kev f ? 1972 - ckEp S ?f arv? (oufawmf - 34-ESp) f 17/ rdvE d y 0wKb,fvJ pmrlMurf;a&;Ny;D aom ckEp S f - 1334 - ckEp S ?f oDwif;uw G v f ? - 1972 - ckEp S ?f Ed0 k ifbmv? (oufawmf - 35-ESp) f 18/ 0do' k r d *fb,fvJ pmrlMurf;a&;Ny;D aom ckEp S f1335 - ckEp S ?f yxr0gqdv k ? 1973 - ckEp S ?f Zlvi kd v f ? (oufawmf - 35-ESp) f 19/ "ryZ l m pmrlMurf;a&;Ny;D aom ckEp S f - 342 - ckEp S ?f uqkev f ? 1980 - ckEp S ?f arv? (oufawmf - 42-ESp) f 20/ Edi k i f a H wmfoC H r[mem,utzGUJ xH (38) rsuE f m S yg omoema&; avSsmufxm;vTm wifjyaomckEp S f - 22 - 4 - 1981 (oufawmf - 43-ESp) f 21/ omoema&;avSsmufxm;vTmwGif t"duwifjycJa h omtcsur f sm; (1) b0tjrifrm S ; - aoNy;D aemuf jzpfEi S fh rjzpf tjrifrsm; (rdpm'| d ) d (2) avmutjrifrm S ; - ky?f emrfavmu NrE J i S fh rNrJ tjrifrsm; (ed,wrdpm'| d ) d azmfjyyg tjrifrm S ; ESpy f g;udk z,f&m S ;ay;yg&efavSsmufxm;jcif;/
22/ ax&0g' oHCmtjzpfukd pGev Yf w T a f omaeY (odr Yk [kw) f "r0[ d m&D aMujimpmwrf;xkwjf yefNy;D "r0[ d m&DbUJG trnf cH,a l omaeYY (odr Yk [kw) f t0ga&mif0wfr kH S tjyma&mif0wfo kH Ykd ajymif;vJ0wfqifaomaeY - 1344- ckEp S ?f jymodv k jynha f usmf (13) &uf? ( 10 -2 - 1983 ) n (10;30) em&D? oufawmf (45) ESpt f G,?f ? rif;vGijf c?H ykPm ;uke;f aus;Gm? ykor d Bf u;D NrKd Ue,f? rEav;wdi k ;f ? ,cktcg jrpfBu;D em;axmifwi G f tusO;f uscH oDwif;oH;k ae&ygonf/
23/ "r0d[m&Dq&mawmfonf bmoma&;,HkMunfcsuf rwlnDrItay: taMumif;jyKNyD;
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19/ b0ausmydk;tdyf (rdk;aumif;) 21/ ynmeJY vl
43 46 49
20/ wkEdIif;rJht&Sifocif(abbDav;) 45
(dk;&Sif;)
22/ aMumuf&if ao (rif;&dE)
23/ igwdkY avmuudk aus;Zl;qyfMu& vdrfhr,f (v*Gef;tdrf) 51 24/Vaya dhamma sinhkara (om0u wpfOD;) 54 25/bk&m;? w&m;? oHCm &wemoHk;yg;udk udk;uG,fqnf;uyf&jcif;taMumif; (Nidrf;csrf;atmif) 57 26/arSmifvdkufwm (Nidrf; - 'e) 62 27/tjrwfqHk;vl
8/ t&SifP ("r0d[m&D) odkY trSwfw& (&Siftrdw) 14 9/ y&[dwpdwf (ud& k ;kd -"r0d[m&D) 15 10/aumif;jrwfpOfvm y0g&Pm (OD;oef;Nidrf;) 17
(Z#dv)
64
28/ bk&m;ausmif;wpfck\ &mZ0if (Anm'v -jrefrmjynf) 67 29/ jrif\ (Time) 70 72 73 30/0g&dwoDvESifh pm&dwoDv (Ko Tun) 31/xm;cJh&if (bDvHk;iSuf)
12/usaemfjrifrw d hJ avmuD? avmukw& m (rdk;rif;Edkif) 21 13/"r0d[m&D (75) ESpfjynfh "rylZm &SpfvHk;zGJU (PfrsKd;EG,f) 25 14/om0uvrf;aMumif; (a*:jym;) 27 15/"r0d[m&D t&d,mwdkY&JUol&Jaum if; (PfrsKd;quf) 31 16/b0rSmbmta&;BuD;qHk;vJ(rZdr) 33 17/rD;vQHxJrSm yGifhwJhMum(EG,fMumjzL) 37 18/awGUrdvdkufaom tvif;wef;wpfck (pHawmfcsdef) 39 19/Ak'w&m;yg;yg;av; rsm;rsm; rawG;eJY (avmuygv) 42
32/rsur f jrifyjkH yifopf(armifaumif;pH)74 33/12- yg;? 12-uGuf rSwfcsufrsm; (a0,Harmif) 77 34/ b,foltrdkufqdkrvJ(&,f&,f) 78 35/ 'Drdkua&pDESifh vlYt&if;tjrpf (udkopm - tnmajr) 37/Nidrf;csrf;a&; ylaZmfpmwrf; (oef;Nidrf; - yg0g&Pm) 80
36/tcGifhta&;eJY wm0ef (dk;dk;av;) 83 88
38/ igwdkYonf avmuudk tvkyftauR; jyKMuygpdYk (ypKyefur0g' w&m;&Sif) 91 39/ 0dZmodrI ynmOD;pD;wJh'Drdkua&pD vlom;wdkY\ ... ('dApuK) 92 40/ vleJY t0dZm owfowfpDvm; wjcm;pDvm; (avmuewf) 42/ vGwfoifhwmu b,fuvJ (rdk;csrf;ajrU ) 94
55/vlawG wu,fyJ ,Ofaus;MuNyDvm; (Ko Out of) 130 56/ vleJY tyl
("r"l0H)
131
57/ t trukef? tukef rt apjcif;iSm (udkdk; - DRY ZONE ) 132 58/ "r0d[m&Dpdef&wkylZm(armif"k0)133 59/ vlYtrIt&d,opm (armifESif;a0) 136
41/ vlYwefbdk; jrifhwifa&;(Ko Fosbury) 95 97
43/ &Sifr[marm*vefudk twk,lMuyg (armifopm) 99 44/ om0u c&D;pOf 'dkY[m 'dkY (zdk;Pfus,f) 45/ pOf;pm;Muyg (yg0grif;) 102 104
60/omomemqdkwm vlomtwGufvm; vlom;onfomoem twGufvm; (UZin) 137 61/bk&m;r,lwJh rdpm'd|d tE&m,f (armifydk;) 140 62/ae&mcsif;awmh rvJygbl; (armifol&def) 144
46/ oli,fcsif;xHay;pm(vGwfajrmufol) 106 47/ w&m;tppfudk a[maomq&mtm; &SmazGawGU&dSjcif; (Nidrf;csrf;ajrU) 110 48/ tckawmhcsKdygNyD (armifP0Ho) 115 49/ w&m;\ tmHk (armifrdk;jym) 50/ wpfa,mufwnf; qdkayr,fh (armifaevdkuf) 51/ ypE&mZf&Gmu w&m;bm0em(orm) 117 119 122
63/ rodwJh tod? odaewJhtod (udkopm - tnmajr) 147 64/vlom;Nidrf;csrf;a&; (armifNidrf;csrf;) 148
65/vli,fpum;0dkif; (OD;oef;Nidrf;) 151 66/12-yg; tvuFm (a0,Harmif) 155 67/ usaemfh q&morm; oHk;OD;eJY rdwfqufay;jcif; (aZmufxdk;) 156
68/igwdkY\ tvHawmf (apmeEm) 160 69/ vlA[dkjyK uHrIoHk;q,f(pl;prf;ol) 161 70/ y#dporkyg'f "rylZm(a0armif) 166 71/bmhaMumifhqif;&JaeMuvJ (Ko Jump out) 167
52/ usdefpmoifhaewJh b0u vGwfajrmufcJhygw,f(arjrefrm) 125 53/ypKyefur0g'udk zGifhqdkylaZmfjcif; (vif;pdwm) 126 54/pdwZrsm;eJY t&ifu . . . ig (armifarmifrif;) 127
72/a&Tay:jrwif-Owrr*Fvm(a'0dE) 170
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(venamita@gmail.com ) - 14 -
www.ariyathitsa.org and ariyathitsa@gmail.com
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q&mawmf t m; tav;teuf y l a Zmf & m a&mufayvdrfhrnf/ 0u v d u J h o d k Y a om om0ursm; tjzpfrS ke;f xGuE f i kd Mf uapcsiy f gonf/ odYk ajymqda k &; om;jcif;aMumifh Pxuf P vkyfw,f[k rjrifMuapvdkyg/ (a&Tjrifwif bkef;BuD;u xD;^ xufxD; vkyfw,f[k) ajymqkc d suw f &m;udk em; Mum;zl;Muvdrr hf nf[k xifygonf/ pma&;olonf rnfonfh vmbf? *kPf? tausmfaZmESifh vl av;pm; xkdufaom ynmt&nftcsif;vnf; r&Sd aom awmBuKd t;kH Mum;rS omrn&[ef; wpf yg;rQomvQif jzpfygonf/ oda Yk omf xdo k mrnrQomjzpfaom & [ef;wpfyg; pnf;vHk;vdkrI? nDnGwfvdkrI? omwl n D rQ&S d v d k r I ? t&d , op m enf ; us y&[dwpdw" f gwf rsm; urmavmutwGi;f odYk ysHUESHUpD;qif;apvdk rI paom pdwfxm;rsm;udk rrSdwfrokef? r,dkifrvJ? OD;nTwfvQuf us&m u@rS yg0ifxrf;&Gufvdkaom qEwdkYonf um; jynfh0pGm &Sdaeyg\/ wHrsufvSnf; oefY &Sif;a&;u@ yg0if&rnf qdkygvQifvnf; aysmfaysmfBuD; yg0ifxrf;aqmifrnfom/ tcsKyftm;jzifhqdk&aomf "r0d[m&D q&mawmf\ om0utaygif;wd. Yk ..oifw h ?Ykd uREfkyfwdkY &&Sdxm;aom t&d,opmw&m; onfum; *vdkb,f vdkufaZ;&Sif; (Globalization) w&m;[l uREk f y f q d k vdu k y f g&ap/ ody Yk g rdrw d Ykd ud, k u f kd urmvk;H qki d & f my&[dwjzpfatmif wnfaqmuf jcif; jzifh "r0[ d m&Dq&mawmf\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkylZmtjzpf ylaZmf? aqmuf wnfEdkifMuygapukefownf;/ udkdk; ("r0d[m&D)
(maungmoepyar@gmail.com)
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tjypf E S i f h y wf o uf uk d , f w d k i f jrifvQif jzpfap? udk,fwdkifMum; vQifjzpfap? ,Hr k m S ; oHo,&Sv d Qijf zpfap uRea f wmfukd cspf cifaom oem;Muif emaomtm;jzif hzGifh[ ajymay;Muyg&ef rdwa f qGwt Ykd m; zdwr f v H u kd f ygw,f/ (jrwfAk' y0g&Pm) oDwif;0gvuRwv f Qif oDwif;uRwf vjynfa h e jrwfA' k \ &[ef; oHCmawmfrsm; y0g&Pm jyKvkyfMuonfrSm Ak'bmom0if wdkif; odNyD; jzpfMuygonf/ odkYaomf y0g& PmjyK vkyjf cif;udk wduspm G rodMuao;onfh tjyif ]y0g&Pm} udkyif ]y0goPm}[k ac:a0:aeMu olrsm; &Sdae Muygao;onf/ y0g&Pm\t"dym ,fukd odol tvGef enf;yg; aeao;onf[k ,lqrdygonf/ &[ef;oHCm awmfrsm;ESifh avhvmvkdufpm;ol tcsKdUom odjrifMurnfjzpfygonf Ak ' b mom&[ef ; awmf r sm;onf ESpp f Of oDwif;uGswv f jynfa h eUwki d ;f y0g&Pm jyKvkyf Mu&onf/ eD;pyf&moHCmawmfrsm; onf ud, k o f D wif;oH;k aom ausmif;jzpfap touf0gBuD;aom bkef;awmfBuD; ausmif; pkaygif;jzpfap xdkausmif;&Sdaom odrf twGif; y0g&PmyGJ usif;yMuavonf xdkodkYusif;y&m touf odum BuD;jrwf aom q&mawmfrS pwifNy;D i,faom oHCm awmfrsm;udk y0g&zdwfMum;Muygonf/ zdwf Mum;&m odUk aom yg|dpum;ukd &Gwq f dk
zdwfMum;Muygonf/ ]oHCH baE y0ga&rd 'da|e0g okawe0g y&douFm,0g 0'EK rH tm, oaEm tEkurH Oyg'g, yaEm y&d u &d mrd } [l jzpf y gonf / ygVdawmf\ teufrSm baE - t&Sif bk&m; wdkY (r,d -wynfhawmf *&[dwAH -uJh&Jh
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tusOf ; tm;jzif h a jym&vQif t&S i f b k & m; wynfhawmfonf odkYaom tmywfudk xifpm G jyKygonf/ tJ'v D a kd jymawmh a'oemcH bke;f Bu;D u ight&Sif tJ' ht D mygwfukd jrif&UJ vm; 'Dva kd r;awmh jrifygw,fb& k m;/ jrif&if aemif udk rjzpfatmifapmifhpnf;ygav/ wifhyg wynhfawmf aumif;aumif;apmihfpnf;yg awmhr,fb& k m;/ 'Dvq kd a kd wmh a'oemcH bke;f BuD;rS igh&Sif om"k om"k om"k vdkY ac:qdk w,f/ 'g[m a'oemMum;wm&JU ygVd teuf yJ/ 'Dawmh a'oem Mum;wmu udk,hfrSm jzpfaewJh tmywf tjypf udk ud, k w f i kd jf rifNy;D aemifukd rjzpfatmif apmifp h nf;awmhygr,f vdYk &[ef;wpfyg;yg; xHrm S 0efcv H u kd w f mjzpf NyD; y0g&Pm jyKwmuawmh udk,fhjzpfaewJh ud, k r f jrifwhJ tjypfukd jrifwMhJ um;wJh ,Hr k m S; oHo,&SdwJholu ajymEdkifzdkYtwGuf zdwfrH xm;wmomjzpfygw,f/ oda Yk om tpOft vm aumif;jrwfaom Ak'\ wynfhom; oHCmawmfrsm; y0g&Pm jyKvkyfMuonfukd twk, l uGseKf yw f Udk Ak'b mom0ifwi dk ;f xm 0pOf vkdufemoifhvSayonf/ rd & k d ; zvm tpOf t vmtm;jzif h om;orD;u rdbukd? wynfhu q&mukd? vli,fu vlBuD;ukd? tkyfcsKyfcH&olu tkyf csKyfoltBuD;tuJukd tjypf wpfpkHwpf&m ESifhywfouf jrifvQif? Mum;vQif? ,kHrSm; oHo,&SdvQif zGifh[ajymqkd ukpm;rI tifr wefenf;yg;ao;aMumif; awGU&ayonf/ xkd pum;ukd Mum;&olwkdif;u oabmuscsifrS usayrnf? tb,fa h Mumifq h a dk omf rd&;dk zvm? tpOftvmpGJukd rawmfvSef0Hhom jzpfMu &ayonf/ y0g&PmqkdonfrSm rdrdb0 twGuf rawmfwq rSm;rSm;,Gif;,Gif;&SdcJh onfrsm;ukd rdrdrodyJ 'Dtwkdif;aerSmxuf
olrsm;uodvQif odcJhonhftwkdif; rdrd\ uk, d E f w I E f v S ;Hk rSm;,Gi;f rIrsm;ukd wpfzuf vlu rdrdtay: jyKjyifcGifh&Sdatmif zdwfac: rIjyK jcif;omjzpfygonf/ uk, d E f w I E f v S ;Hk rSm;,Gi;f aMumif; odolu ajymqkday;jcif; ajymqkd onfhtcg odkY tajymtqkdcH&jcif;aMumifh rdr\ d trSm;ukd odjrifvQif jyifygrnf[k uwd ay;&jcif; jzpfygonf/ rSm;rSm;,Gif;,Gif; wpkHw&mjrifvQif jyKjyifygrnf[k zdwfac: &jcif;jzpfygonf/ ae&m ajymqdu k tjrif uwf a om rk e f ; aom tjypf z d k Y v d k a om t&SufuGJvdkaom rrSefruef pdwfxm;rsm; jzifh rajymqd& k yg/ arwma&Sx Y m; oem;aom tm;jzifh olrSm&SdaewJh tjypfu oludk 'ku ay;aewmudk odvYkd tjypf'u k r S vGwa f jrmuf ygapqdkwJh apwemrSefeJY ajymqdkwmrsdKom jzpf&r,f/trSefpifppf xdktcsufonf vlU avmuwGif tvGefvdktyfaomt&m jzpfyg onf/ odw Yk pfO;D ESiw hf pfO;D zdwr f x H m;jcif; r&SMd uwJt h wGuf ud, k & f r hJ w d a f qG wpfO;D wpf a,mufonf wpHw k ckaom tjypf&a dS eaomf vnf; odo?l jrifor l sm;u oGm;rajym 0HMh uacs/ odkY rajym0Hhjzpf rajymjcif;onf wpf zufvltm; vmbfBuD; wdwfoGm;apjcif;yif jzpfygonf/ wu,fawmh rdrd\ tjypfudk ajymqdr k m S udk raMumuf&a HG eoify h g rdru d kd ajym qdkqHk;r rnfhol r&SdrSmudkom aMumuf&GH&rSm jzpfygw,f/ jrwfpGmbk&m;u udk,ftjypfudk jyqkdqHk;rwJholudk a&Ttdk;BuD;ay;wJholvdk aus;Zlwifxu kd w f ,fva Ykd wmif ajymcJw h m &Sy d g w,f/ ed"deH0 y0wm&H ,H ya 0Z 'd e H ? ed * ,S 0g' ar"m0 ? wm'd o H y@dwH yaZ/wm'doH bZrme ao a,sm a[mwd eygyd a,m/ ed*,S0g' - 18 -
ESdyfpuf qdkay wwfxaom? 0Z'deH tjypf u d k azmf j y avh & S d a om? ar"m0 ynm&S d u d k ? ed " d e H - ajrjrKwf x m;aom a&Tt;kd uk?d y0wm&H0- ajymMum;vmoluo hJ ?Ykd ,H y a-tMuif & S K xk d u f \ /wm'd o H xk d o d k Y o abm&S d a om? y@d w H - ynm&S d u d k ? baZ-rS D 0 J q nf ; uyf & m\/ wm'd o H xdkodkYoabm&Sdaomynm&Sdudk? bZrme -rSd0Jaomoltm;? aoa,sm - jrwfonf? a[mwd - jzpf\/ ygyda,m- ,kwf rmonf ? ea[m wd -rjzpf /vdkYa[mcJhygw,f/ wu,fawmhvnf; olwpfyg;&Jh tjypfudk ajymjyqdkqHk;rw,f qdkwm[m wu,fawmh rvG,fygbl; bmjzpfvdkY vnf; qdkawmh qdkqHk;r vG,foljzpfvQif udpr&Sd qdkqHk;r rvG,fwJholESifh wdk;vQif jyefNyD; &ef&SmcH& trke;f cHwmom tzwfwifae wwfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh udk,fudk qHk;rwJh ol&Sdwm[m Bud K qd k & r,f h tvk y f y gyJ / &S i f & m [k v m vufESpfbufeJY oJawG BuHK;,lNyD; udk,fh udk qH k ; rr,f h o l a wG oJ v H k ; rQrsm;ygapvd k Y qkawmif;ygw,f/ olwpfyg;awGu rac: csif rajymcsif rqH;k rcsijf zpf rSmuawmh awmf awmud k aMumuf p &maumif ; ygw,f / 'gaMumifh udk,fhudk qHk;redkifzdkYtwGuf zdwf rHxm;oifhygw,f tJh'Dvdk udk,fh&Jh tjypfudk ajymqdMk uzdYk zdwr f w H ,fqw kd mrSm rdrx d ufBu;D oludkrS zdwfrH&rSm r[kwfyJ rdrdxufi,f olrsm;udv k nf; wdr Yk m S ;aewmjrifvQif jzpfap? t&yfxJu ajymoH Mum;vQifjzpfap? rjrif&? rMum;&aomfjim;vnf; ,Hr k m S ;oHo, &Sv d Qif jzpfap? ajymMum;ay;ygvdkY udk,f&Jh omorD; nDtudk armifEr S pwmawGuv kd nf; zdwr f H xm;oifhygw,f/ om;wdkYorD;wdkYa& azaz ararwdkYvnf; avmbtavQmuf a'go
tavQmuf rmetavQmuf ajymrSm;qdr k m S ;wm awG&Sd&if ajymygvdkY zdwfrHxm;oifhwmygyJ/ vG,fawmh rvG,fbl;ayghaemf/ tu,f udk,frSmwm axmufjyvdkY trSm;udk jrifvQif jyif&rSmyJ r[kwfygvm;/ 'gaMumifh y0g&PmjyKvy k f tyfEz SH w d f Mum;onfh yGJuav;udk oDwif;uRwfv? wef aqmif r k e f ; v? rnf o nf h v jzpf a p rnf onfh&uf jzpfap jyKvkyfay;Muyg/ Munfap? at;apyGJ uav;rsKd; tcsdefra&G; jyKvkyf ay;Muapvdkygonf/wpfa,mufudk wpf a,muf txifvGJonfhtcg olrodvQif ae ygap? rdrdu jyefvnf zdwfac:&rnf/ ig rif;tay:pdwfuGufNyD; awmfawmf [efrus bl;vdkY txifrSm;um rif;ajymwmvnf; ig rvdkcsifbl;vdkY jzpfoGm;rdw,f/ igrif;tay: pdwy f suo f m G ;rdw,f/ rifov d u dk o f vm;awmh rajymwwfawmhb;l / igud, k w f i kd v f nf; rajym wwfawmhbl;vdkY pdwfaygufoGm;cJhrdw,f/ tckawmh igrif;tay:rSm ausvnfom G ;cJy h g Ny?D a&vnfom G ;ygNy/ D 'gaMumifh rif;udjk yef zdwf ygw,f/ igeJYywfoufvdkY rSm;wmjrifvQif? Mum;vQif ,HkrSm;oHo,&SdvQif ajymay;yg/ rif;udkvnf; e*dktwkdif; rif;uom ajymqdk cGijhf yKvQif ajymay;yghr,f[k zdwMf um; 0efcw H hJ yGJuav; vkyfay;Muapvdkygw,f/ cGJjcm; a0zefpDppfMuyg/ 0Dro H u okw( H rZsr d edum,f) Ak'u a0zefqef;ppfr( I 0dbZ)rSm b,fvkd a0zef Mu &rvJqdkawmh igwdkYbk&m;[m wu,fyJ avmb? a'go? r&Sw d mrS [kw& f UJ vm;/ 'Dvkd MunfhvdkufwJhtcgrSm ighqDrSm avmbu vnf; rjrif&bl;? a'gouvnf; rjrif&bl; qd& k if wdb Yk & k m;rSm avmb? a'go r&Sw d mu avmb? a'gor jzpfp&m tm&Ha k wG r&Sa d o;
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vdkY r&Sdwmvm;/ avmb a'gojzpfp&m &Sd ygvQufeJY r&Sdwmvm;vdkY txyfxyf a0zef qef;ppfMuzdYk apmaMumMuzdYk rSmxm;cJw h m &Sd cJy h gw,f/ &Sifom&dykw&monfvnf;aeY wpf aeYwGif ouFef;BuD; rnDrnGwf0wfxm;wm udk udk&iffi,fuav; jrifawGU&onfhtcg ]q&mawmf ouFef;BuD; rnDrnGwfeJY ajrBuD; udk wHrsup f nf; vSo J vdk jzpfaeygw,f bk&m;} vdkY avQmufxm;vdkufawmh &Sifom&dykw&m t&Sijf rwfu ud& k ifuav;a&SUrSmyif ouFe;f udk nDatmif jyefvnf0wfHkNyD; ] udk&ifav; ouFef; nDnGwfoGm;NyDvm; bk&m;}/ udk&if av;uvnf; ] nDnGwfoGm;ygNyD bk&m;} vdkY jyefvnf avQmufxm;vdu k \ f / &Sio f m &dyw k &mt&Sifjrwfu ]udk&ifav; aemufudkvnf; tjrifrawmfwmawGUvQif jyKjyifay;ygtH;k }[k crm0k"*kPe ft YJ nD ajymvdu k o f nfukd axmuf xm;4if;? uRefawmf pma&;oludk,fwdkif rlvwef;ausmif;tkyq f &mBu;D b0? trIxrf; aqmifcJhpOfu wynfhrlvwef;ausmif;om; pwkwwef; uav;rsm;tm; (1985)ckESpf? azaz:0g&D v wG i f twef ; wif p mar;yG J eD ; NyD j zpf oif d k ; nT e f ; wef ; uk e f a tmif tjref o if N yD ; ocF e f ; pmrsm; jyef v S e f jyKvy k a f y;ae&onft h cse d ?f ]] wynfw h Ykd q&m BuD;eJY ywfoufvdkY trSm;t,Gif; tjypfudk jrifvQif? t&yfxJajymoHMum;vQif? rif;wdkY pdwx f J oHo,jzpfwmawGu tp? ajym Mum; ay;Muyg/ ajymMum;ay;wJhvl[m ighwynfh tppfvdkY owfrSwfw,f/ ajymay;Muyg/ jyifay;MuygvdYk (3)ywfavmuf ajymxm;cJb h ;l ygw,f/ wpfaeYwGif ocsFmykpm wGufenf; wpfck rSm tvDac:rSm; - tajrm ufrm S ;rdwmudk
wynfh wpfa,mufu ]q&mBuD;... tvD ac: - tajrmuf rSm;aew,f}vdkY ajymvdkuf awmh q&mBuD;u ] armifjrifhatmif xprf;} vdkY ajymvdkufonf/ uav;uvefYNyD; rsuf ESm jzLzwf? jzLa&mfjzpf oGm;wmudk owdxm; rdNyD; ]armifjrifhatmif[m q&mBuD; wynfh tppf/ usefwJholawGu q&mBuD; wynfh r[kwfao;bl;? tm;vHk;csD;usL; Mobm vuf ckwfwD;Mu} vdkY ajymvdkufrS rsufESmuav; jzL&muae jyefvnf&J vmygawmhw,f/ rsuE f m S jzLzwf? jzLa&mfjzpfwmu q&mBu;D u trSm;udkaxmufjyvdkufawmh rwfwyf&yf prf;qdw k m ku d r f m S vm;? ausmif; xkwr f m S vm;? 'gPfay;? tjypfay;rSmudk aMumuf&UHG pdwf jzpf oGm;wmyg/ q&mBu;D u ausmif;om; uav; tm; rwfwyf&yfvdkY jyKvkyfcdkif;wm rSm;oGm; aMumif;? csufjcif; owdxm;rdygw,f/ ,ckvkd q&mBu;D &JUtrSm;udk axmuf jy&JwJh ausmif;om;uav;&JU pdwf"gwf0if oGm;wmudk 0rf;om*kP, f r l qH;k &Sc d & hJ ygw,f/ xdkYaMumifh (1) jrwfAk'&JU y0g&Pm0denf; ynwfcJhovdk? (2) jrwf Ak'u olYudkyifvQif cGJjcm;a0zef pDppfMuzdkY? 0dbZ vkyfMuzdkY? (3) &Sio f m&dyw k & muvnf; ud& k ifi,f uav;\ jyKjyifrI cH,lcJhovdk? (4) aqmif;yg;&Sif q&mBuD;udk,fwdkif wynfhi,fuav;rsm;\ jyKjyifru I kd cH,c lo hJ vdk q&mESihf wynfh rdbESihf om;orD;? vlBu;D ESiv hf i l ,f? tkyf csKyo f t l Bu;D tuJESifh tkyfcsKyfcHvlwef;pm;wdkYonfvnf; udk,f usifhw&m; aumif;rGefa&;twGuf a&S;INyD; xm0pOf jyKjyifvdkufem usifhoHk; Muyg&ef dk;om;pGmjzifh wdkufwGef;EId;aqmf &ygownf;/
oef;Nir d ;f (y0g&Pm) (ariyathitsa@gmail.com)
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a[mcJw h mwJ/ h 'gayr,fh avmuD Bu;D yGm;a&; w&m;awGvJ a[mcJhygw,fwJh/ 'Dpum; uawmh pOf;pm;p&mBu;D avmuDBu;D yGm; ae&if b,fvv kd y k a f vmuDu vGea f jrmufEi kd r f m S vJ/ ue G a f wmf pOf;pm;rdwmyg/ wcsKd UuvJ 'Dva kd jymMuw,f/ bk&m; u avmuD avmukw&m ESpfjzmBuD;yGm; a&;w&m;awGa[mcJhwmwJh/ [kwfovdkvdk awmh &So d vdy k / J pOf;pm;vdu k a f wmh wrsKd ;Bu;D yJ tJvq kd kd avmuD? avmukw &mudk cGa J jym raeeJUawmh aemuf wcsKd Uu ajym ao;w,f bk&m; u avmuDpnf;pdrfawGudk wHawG; aygufavmuf oabm xm;wm / h aemufwcg tJ'D avmuD avmuDe,f? avmukw&me,fqdkwm oD;oefU wJ BuD;yGm;a&;w&m;awGvJ vrf; e,fajr wpfckvm;? vlrSm ajymif;vJoGm;wJh nTefcJhw,fwJh/ udk,fa&muf taetxm; owfrSwfcsuf wpfckvm;? ajymif; atmifom G ;&r,fh ud, k b hf 0&JU oGm;w,fqdkwmuvJ vlrSm udavom &Sdjcif;eJU yef;wdi k e f ,f jzpfwhJ avmuk w r&Sd jcif;av;ygyJvm;? &m e,fukd rod&if/ yDyjD yif jyif rjrif&&if b,fva kd &muf atmif ukw& me,fxJ a&mufom G ;wmvm;/ avmuD oGm;Mu rvJ/ ud, k f &ke;f xGuf e,fqw kd muawmh Ak'b momt& a&mufcsif &r,fh avmuDe,fukd yDyD jyifjyif rjrif&&if &r,fhe,fawmh r[kwfbl;/ avmukw&m yDyjD yifjyif rod&if b,f vkd &ke;f xGuBf urvJ/ e,fuawmh vlawG a&muf&r,fe h ,f/ a&muf 'Dvq kd kd avmuDe,fqw kd m b,fae&m atmifom G ;&r,fe h ,f/ bk&m;a&mufapcsiw f hJ b,f a'ovJ/ avmukw& m e,fajrqdk wm e,f/ tJ'gawmh aocsm w,f/ wcsKd Uu ajym uaum b,fae&m b,fa'ovJ/ uGef Mujyefw,f bk&m;u avm ukw& m w&m;awG awmfwdkU e,fajrudk cGJjcm;NyD; &Sif;atmifjy zdUk cufae&if tJ'D e,frm S aeMuwJh yk*K v d a f wG
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&me,fukd a&mufom G ; w,f/ vluvJ 'Dvy l / J ae&muvJ 'Dae&myJ/ 'Dvl 'Dae&mav;rSmyJ avmuDe,fuae avmukw& m e,fukd csuf jcif; ajymif;oGm;w,f/ tJvdkqdk avmuDe,f? avmukw &me,fqw kd m oD;oefUe,fajr wpfcv k m; vlrm S ajymif;vJ oGm;wJh taetxm;owfrw S c f suf wpfcv k m;/ ajymif;oGm;w,fqw kd muvJ vlrm S udavom &Sdjcif;eJU r&Sdjcif;av;ygyJvm;/ vlowfaewJh t*Fk vdrmvBu;D bk&m;eJY rawGU cift&ifaeUawGrm S vJ xrif;pm;? a&aomuf pwJh vlUvdt k yfcsuf tvkyf awGvy k a f ewmyJ/ bk&m;eJa Y wGUwJh aemuft&d,m jzpfom G ;awmh vJ xrif;pm;? a&aomufpwJh vlU tvkya f wG vkya f ewmygyJ/ tJvq kd & kd if bmuGm jcm;oGm; wmvJ/ avmuD e ,f o m;yk x k Z Of w k e f ; u udavomawGeUJ avmb? a'goawGeUJ xrif; pm;w,f/ a&aomufw,f/ udavomawGeUJ ajymqdw k ,f/ udavomawGeUJ oGm;vm vIyf &Sm;w,f/ bk&m;eJa Y wGUNy;D vdYk t&d,mjzpfom G; awmh ud a vomawG e J U rpm;awmh b l ; / raomufawmhb;l / ajymqdw k m oGm;vm vIyf &Sm;wmawGrm S udavomawG rygawmhb;l / ykxkZOfuae t&d,mjzpfoGm;w,f qdkwm rpm;awmhwm raomufawmhwm pum; rajymawmhwm bmrSrvkya f wmhwm r[kwf bl ; vd k Y em;vnf r d y gw,f / vl [ m tJ ' D tvkyfawGudk rvkyfvdkUrjzpfbl;/ tJ'Dvkyf wJt h vkya f wGxr Jm S pm;wm? aomufwm? ajym wm vIy& f m S ;wmawGxr J m S avmb? a'go? rmepwJh r&dk;om;wJhpdwfawGeJU rvIyf&Sm; awmhwm t*Fv k r d mvBu;D rS r[kwb f ;l / yO0*i D g;OD;vJ 'Dtwki d ;f yJ/ bk&m;eJY rawGUciftcse d a f v;txd udavomawGeUJ
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pyg;pdu k w f hJ vlUtvkyu f kd wef&mwef&m ay; ykxZ k Of avmuDe,fom;awG bk&m;eJUawGUvdYk cki d ;f w,f/ rw&m; rcdi k ;f bl;/ a'goawG ig w&m;emNy;D awmh 4-5&ufeYJ udavom uif; tvky& f i S y f q J w kd hJ rmeawGeUJ rcki d ;f bl;qd& k if wJh t&d,mavm ukw& me,fxJ a&mufom G; tJ'Dpyg;pdkufwJh tvkyfudk avmukw&m wm/ 'Dy* k Kd va f wG 'Dae&mrSmyJ e,fajymif;oGm; tvkyv f Ukd ,lq ygw,f/ tJ't D vkya f wG[m wm/ e,fajymif;oGm;vdUk pm;wm aomufwm vlawGudk aumif;usdK;awG wdk;yGm;apygvdrfh ajymwmqdw k mawG rvkya f wmhwm r[kwf r,f/ Nir d ;f csra f pygvdrr h ,f/ tJ'g bk&m; vkyf bl;/ ykr H e S t f wki d ;f vkya f ewmygyJ/ 'gayr,fh apcsif w J h t vk y f / t&d , mawG t vk y f / olwdkU&JU pm;wm? aomufwm? ajymwm avmukw& me,f om;awG tvky/ f 0domcgwdUk qdw k mawGxr J m S ud avomawG rygawmhwm temxydPw f Ukd zcif oka'g'e bk&ifwUkd pwJh 'D&[ef;awGrS r[kwfygbl;/ aomwmyef t&d,mvlawG avmukw&m e,fom;awG ou'g*grf tem *grf vlawGvJ 'Dtwdi k ;f ygyJ/ trsm;Bu;D yg/ tJ'D olawGvJ vlawGjzpfawmh tJ'Daomwmyef ou'g*grf tem*grfvl vlUtvkya f wG vkyf MurSmyg/ awGvJ vlawGvkd pm;aomuf ajymqdk vkyf olwdkU[m avmukw&me,fxJrSm udi ka f eMuwmygyJ/ 'gayr,fh olwUkd [m udav avmukw&me,fom;awGjzpfawmh olwdkY omawG enf;yg;Ny;D odUk r[kwf uif;Ny;D pm; vkyw f hJ tvky[ f m avmuDtvkya f wG vkyf aomuf ajymqdk vIyf&Sm;aeMuwm/uGef ygOD;rvm; olwUkd vJ bk&ifqa kd wmh tkyc f sKyw f m awmf,q l rdwm pOf;pm;rdwmudk wifjy wmyg/ vlqa kd wmh pdu k w f m ysKd ;wm a&mif;wm0,fwm 'Dt,ltq[m b,fpmtkyx f r J m S rS csuw f m jyKww f m pwm awGvy k r f m S yg/ olwUkd 'Dvr kd sKd ;awmh rawGUao;ygbl;/ ue G a f wmf pOf; vkyw f hJ tJ't D vkya f wGukd avmuD tvkya f wG pm;rdwmudk wifjyMunhr f w d myg/ vluawmh vlygyJ/ vludk r@dKif xm;NyD; avmuDeJY avmukw &mudk [dkbufe,f H vlUtvkya f wGukd avmuDtvkya f wG 'D b uf e ,f cG J j cm;&rS m vd k U vlom;tm;vk; ,l q ygw,f / qd k M u ygpd k Y qdNk y; D pGeUf rS avmukw& me,fom; t&d,m jzpfrm S qd& k if pyg;pk d u f w m vl U tvk y f y g/ vlawG t&d,mjzpfci G hf &Sy d gOD;rvm;/ avmuD tvkyv f J r[kwb f ;l / avm uk w & m tvk y f v J vdYk ajymrSmvm; olwu Ykd avmuDe,fom;awG r[k w f y gbl ; / tJ ' D pyg;pd k u f r I t r[kwfawmhygbl;/ avmukw&me,fxJu ay:rSmtvkyform;awG rw&m; cdkif;r,f/ avmukw&m e,fom;vlawGu avmuD a'goawGeYJ aigufr,f/ avmbawGeYJ aiGEr dS f tvkya f wG vkyw f ,fvYkd ajymvdUk oify h ghrvm;/ ay;r,f/ tcse dy fc kd i dk ;f r,fq& kd if tJ'D tvky[ f m bk&m;uvlawGukd t&d,mawG jzpfapcsiw f m udavomawGer YJ Ukd avmuDtvkyy f g/ vlawGukd yg/ vlom;tm;vk;H t&d,mjzpfa&;yg/ tJ'v D kd qif;&JapygNy/ D vlUavm uudk npfEr G ;f apygNy/ D vlom; tm;vk;H t&d,mjzpfzUkd twGuf vrf; tJ'g bk&m;rBuKd uw f t hJ vky/ f ykxZ k OfawG&UJ nTefwJh wm0efxrf;aqmifzdkU oHCmawGudk tvky/ f avmuDe,fom;awG&UJ tvky/ f tJ'D
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xm;cJhwmyg/ 0guGwf&if c&D;vSnfhNyD;udk w&m;a[m&r,fvUkd rdeUf rSmxm;cJy h gw,f/ vlom;tm;vkH; vlUtvkyfawGudk avmuD tvkya f wGqNkd y;D pGeUf rS avmukw& m e,fom; t&d ,mjzpfrm S qd& k if vlawG t&d,m jzpfcGifh&SdygOD;rvm;/ avmukw&me,fol aomwmyef t&d,mjzpfwhJ 0domcg/ w&m; em&if; zdr k pdwjf zpfvUkd tdrjf yefaeao;w,f vdkU rSwfwrf;&Sdw,fqdkwm Mum;zl;ygw,f/ tJ'z Dr kd pdwu f kd avmuDpw d v f Ukd ajymr vm;../ tJvq kd kd 0domcg[m avmuDe,frm S aeol r[kwfwJh t&d,mjzpfaeygNyD pOf;pm;rdwm yg../ avmukw&me,fu t&d,mjzpfol 0domcgu avmuD tvkyq f w kd hJ tvkyu f kd vkyy f gOD;rvm;/ avmuD tvkyv f y k a f eolukd aum avmukw& me,fom;vdUk ajymvdUk &yg rvm;/ uJ p m&S n f o G m ;ygNyD ; twd k c sKH ; NyD ; ue G a f wmf ,lqcsuu f w kd ifjy&aomf pdu k w f m? ysKd ;wm? a&mif;wm? 0,fwm? pm;wm? aomuf wmonf vlUtvkyfjzpfonf/ avmuDvJ r[kw/ f avmukwv f J r[kw/ f tJ'D pdu k r f ?I ysKd ;rI? a&mif;rI? 0,fr?I pm;rI? aomufrI vkyf ief;awGrm S avmbawG? a'goawG? rmeawG eJU vkyr f ,f? udi k r f ,f? ajymr,f? qdr k ,f? quf qHvy k u f i kd r f ,fq& kd if tJ't D vkya f wG[m ud avomawGeUJ vkyv f Ykd avmuDtvkyjf zpfom G; ygw,f/ tJ'v D v kd y k & f if vlawGtrSeq f if;&JMu ygvdrr hf ,f/ vlUavmuBu;D npfEr G ;f oGm;ygvdrhf r,f/ tJ'D pdu k r f ?I ysKd ;rI? a&mif;rI? 0,fr?I pm;rI? aomufrI vkyi f ef;awGrm S avmbawG a'go aw?G rmeawG rygbJ vkyfr,f? udkifr,f? ajymr,f? qdr k ,f? qufqH vkyu f i kd r f ,fq& kd if tJ'DtvkyfawG[m udavomawGrygvdkY avmukw& m tvkyjf zpfom G ; ygw,f/
tJ'v D v kd y k & f if vlawG trSec f sr;f om Muygvdrr hf ,f/ vlUavmuBu;D jir d ;f csr;f oGm;yg vdrr hf ,f/ a&TawG aiGawG um;awG wdu k w f m jca H jrawG[m owfrw S c f sut f & vlawGtrSef vdt k yfwhJ vlUypn;f OpmawGyg/ avmuD ypn;f vJ r[kw/ f avmukw& mypn;f vJ r[kwy f g/ tJ'Dypnf;awGudk avmbawG a'goawG rmeawGeUJ &SmazGr,f? pkaqmif;r,f? odr;f qnf;r,f? okH;pGJr,fqdk&if avmuDypnf; ok;H pGr J I jzpfygw,f/ ok;H pGo J v l a l wGukd qif;&J apygvdrfhr,f/ vlUavmuBuD;npfEGrf;oGm; apygvdrr fh ,f/ tJ'D a&GaiGum;wku d w f mNca H jrawGukd avmbawG a'goawG rmeawGrygyJ &SmazG r,f? pkaqmif;r,f? odrf;qnf;r,f? okH;pGJ r,fqdk&if tJ'gavmukw&m okH;pGJrIjzpfyg vdrr fh ,f/ vlawGukd jir d ;f csr;f apygvdrr fh ,f/ vlqw kd mr&Sr d S vlUavmu Bu;D Nir d ;f csr;f rSmvm;/ vlawGrm S udavomawG r&Sr d S vlUavmuBu;D Nir d ;f csr;f rSmvm;/ 'g[m w&m;&a&; r&a&;eJU rqdi ka f o;ygbl;/ avmuDe,feUJ avmuk w&m e,fukd jrif&a Hk v; &SmazGBunhr f w d hJ oabm yg/ avmukw& m a&mufa&;eJUvJ rqdi k a f o; ygbl;/ avmukw& m csr;f omeJUvJ rqdi k a f o; ygbl;/ oGm;&r,fa h e&mudo k m Munhr f jd cif;yg/ uGefawmfhtawG; uGefawmfhtjrifav;udk arwma&SUxm;Ny;D csjyjcif; rSsa0jcif; jzpfyg w,f......./
rdk;rif;Edkif
(www.mandalaygazette.com rS)
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(1) avmuoH;k yg; ? xif&m S ;ay:vm jA[mvlewf ? aumif;jrwfcsr;f om 0drw k a d cwf ? a&mufvpfcse d c f g vlo;kH rssKd ; ? aumif;usKd ;&bd& Yk m/ (2) yef;pHBk uKd iv f Ydk ? NrKd iNf rKd Ue,frm S awmawmif&pf0J ? a*gif;uGJ ]Gmom} axmifo h ;kH &mjynfh ? csr;f ajrUt*Fg e,kef ]pef;} ? vqef;oH;k &ufyg/ (3) oefp Y ifarG;zGm; ? cspo f m;&wem i,fpOfumv ? rdbESpjf zm omoemwGi;f ? oGwo f i G ;f ay&Sm oQi f P ? emrbGUJ rnfom/ (4) ud& k ifi,fav; ? arQma f wG;Buw H m yAZw d ? 'kvb qdw k m &&efcufcJ ? rSwp f c JG i kd r f m &[ef;0wf ? rcRwa f x&foC H m/ (5) oH;k yHy k # d uwf ? y&d,wfjzmjzm okw0 H e d nf; ? usr;f Bu;D tbd"rm avhvmvdu k p f m; ? oifMum;azG&m S oifta H wG; ? Pfa&;xufvp S m G/ (6) Ak'a [mtyf ? usr;f jrwf a'oem jrefjynftESUH ? ajcqefa Y zG&m S odum awmfvQr;f ? &[ef;ig;0g ESpq f ,fi h g; ? oufum;jynfw h c hJ g/
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(7) awm&yfur kd ;DS ? NrKd iBf u;D aovm vlor l eD; ? ud, k x f ;D wnf;om a&mif& h r J Qw ? vHv Yk ,SOu f m y#dywf? (rjywf usic hf w hJ m) (8) kye f mrfy I m G ; ? w&m;ud& k m S kye f mrfjzpfysuf ? jrifvsuo f r d m S b,favmufr I w S f ? y&rwfopm yGm;aomfjim; ? w&m;r&yg/ (9) ky" f mwfemrf"mwf ? y&rwfopm azmufjyefysup f ;D ? csn;f ES;D jrifvm igolr&Sd ? ewA d vm ajcmufyg;[dwf ? uif;qdwf tlyg/ (10) orkwy d &rwf ? aphpyfjrifum (cg) t&d,op m? usix hf rSep f m G usiBhf uy H m G ;rsm; ? w&m;t&d,m yGm;aomfjim; ? vlom; csr;f omrSm/ (11) opmoH;k yg; ? cGjJ cm;pdwjf zm lyg ly ? umropm wGe;f vSez f ,f&m S ; ? trSm;jrifum t&d, ? opojd rifvm/ (12) uHrjI zpfysuf ? wGuc f sua f zG&m S uHNir d ;f olrS ? 'kuu if;uGm arG;ao[kb d uf ? wGuc f sur f &Sm uHZmwfor d ;f ? csKyNf ir d ;f udavom/ (13) tAsmuw? Ak' rder Yf m S a&SUaemufxufatmuf? ruf-aMumuf ryg
ypKyE ? ur-opm vlvc l si;f ? di k ;f yif;uln& D m/ (14) t&d,"r ? optjzmjzm cGjJ crf; jrifod ? u0d q&m jyefvnfa[mMum; ? vlom;urm &SiO f mP ? xGe;f jyaeonfom / (15) w&m;twGuf ? toufcEm ay;quftyfEi S ;f ? rjiif;rcg ud, k a f &;ud, k w f u G f ? iJu h u G r f nm oQi f P ? nTejf yuHopm/ (16) trSm;avmu ? arm[ urm wHjYk yefMurf;wrf; ? b&rf;ywm onf;cHci G v hf w T f ? tjypfnm wm r*iv f rf; ? yGiv hf ef;ay:zd& Yk m/ (17) av;q,fausmr f Q ? "r opm azmfaqmiftNr?J tjrpfpc JG i dk r f m t&d, yEuf ? pGc J sua f ocsm ckEp S q f ,fi h g; ? oufum;jynfc h w hJ m/ (18) cse d c f g,ck ? pde& f wk-r*Fvm om0ursm; ? tm;xm;ylZm &mausmt f ouf? qufvuf&n S p f m G 0d[m&? P ax&fq&m/
PfrsKd ;EG,f
(ariyathitsa@gmail.com) - 26 -
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]'ghaMumifh "r0[ d m&Dwu Ykd kd 'Dva kd ESmuf,u S Mf uwmvnf; cGiv hf w T & f rSmyJ/ 'um'umrwku Yd vnf; aESmuf,u S o f a l wGukd cGiv fh w T E fi kd Mf uapcsiy f gw,f/ "r0[ d m&Du aorSraowmyJ/ Ny;D awmh vnf; 'Dvc dk & H wJh Mum;xJu jzpfjzpfnp n f p f vkyv f mvdu k w f m 'Domoem tjrpfpc JG NhJ yD r[kwv f m;/ aemif igwdq Yk ufvuf jyKpr k ,fvYdk pdwa f rG;MuzdjYk zpfygw,f/ tESpf (30) jynfh tdi k ;f urmxJu ykv& J wkrm S di k ;f olawGukd jyefrki d ;f wwfwhJ olwYkd cspjf rwfE;kd wJh q&mawmf&UJ wynfo h m0uawG wynfo h m0uawG&UJ ]q&mawmfaeY} rSm xdawGUylaZmfci G u hf kd pka0;rdMuNyD rcH&&SmwJh q&mawmf rMumrDrm S te&d, awG&UJ ADve d f zl;awGU&apaom0f .../ / t&d,mwd& Yk UJ ol&a J umif; t&d, yef;tzl;wd& Yk UJ PfrsKd;quf O,smOfrLS ;q&mawmf
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ta&;Bu;D wm ajymMuygqd& k if ud, k f vdk csiw f mudk ta&;Bu;D w,fvYkd ajymMurSmyJ/ tcsd K Uuvnf ; avmurS m aiG t a&;BuD ; w,fvdkY ajymMurSmyJ/ wpfcsdKUMujyefawmh vnf; a&Tu ta&;Bu;D w,fvYkd ajymMurSmyJ/ a&T&& dS ifvnf; aiG&wmyJvYkd ajymMuvdrr hf ,f/ 'Dawmh a&Tqdkwmuvnf; aiG&Sd&if a&T&Edkif wmyJvdkY twdkuftcH jiif;cHkaeMuwJh tcgrSm aemufwpfOD;uvnf; rif;wkdYajymaeMuwJh a&TwdkY? aiGwdkYqdkwmuvnf; bmrS ta&;r BuD;bl;/ iguawmh ighcspfoleJYtwl b0c&D; az:tjzpfeJY b0c&D;rSm aysmfaysmfaezdkYu ydk ta&;BuD;w,f/ rif;&JUcspfol b0c&D;azmf eJUtwl aysma f ysma f ezkUd qkd wmvJ a&TwUdk aiGwUdk r&Sd&if aysmfaysmfaevkdY &yghrvm; / 'gvnf; [kwfwmbJ / wpfcsdKU Mujyefawmh ukd,fBudKufwm uk, d f &&ifNy;D wmyJ/ rif;wkYd a&TwUdk ? aiGwYdk cspo f l wkdU qkdwmvnf; bmrS ta&;rBuD;bl;/ ig BudKufwJh t&uf&zkdUu ta&;BuD;w,f/ taysmftyg;? avmif;upm; 0goemygwJh ol rsm;uvnf; avmurSm aysm& f ? yg;&? avmif; upm; vkyfae&&if NyD;wmyJvkdY ta&;BuD;yHk awGudk uk, d v f & dk m uk, d q f NGJ y;D trsKd ;rsKd ;ajymqkd aeMuw,f/ pma&;olu ajymcsifygw,f/
avmurSm tvkt d yfq;kH t&mu ta&;Bu;D qkH;yJvkdY/ tvdktyfqHk;t&mu ta&;BuD; w,fqw kd m bmvJvYdk ar;&if vltjzpf&zdy Yk v J Ydk ajymcsiy f gw,f/ vluae a&Tw?Ydk aiGwYdk &zkq Yd w dk m vG,f ayr,fh vl&zkdUuawmh tcufwum tcuf qk;H yJ/ avmurSm vlawG'a D vmufaygaewm vlyo D &zkUd bmcufovJvYdk ar;p&m&Sw d maygh/ ukd,fu avmurSm a&TwkdYaiGwkdYeJY Nidrf;Nidrf; csr;f csr;f eJYJ jynfh jynfp h p kH a kH evkw d ,fq& dk ifawmh vlutrSef wu,f vkdtyfvmygNyD/ bm aMumifv h q J & dk if vl[m pD;yGm;a&;awG? Bu;D yGm; a&;awGeJY ukd,fhb0udk wnfaqmuf&rSm r[kwfygvm;/ 'DtcgrSm udk,feJY tusdK;wl
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aqmif&GufzkdY vlrIqufqHa&; vdkvmygNyD/ vl[m vlrIqufqHa&;rS r&Sd&ifvnf;yJ pD; yGm;a&;? BuD;yGm;a&;vkyfvkdY b,fatmifjrif rSmvJaygh/ atmifjrifjcif; taMumif;t&if;u vnf; vlyJ/ 'gaMumifh vlyDowJhvl vkdw,f/ azmifpD;&if; a&iwfqkdwmvkdk vlxJ aeNy;D vliwfaejyefvnf; uk, d & hf UJ atmifjrifrI vrf;aMumif;Bu;D ukd ydwq f y Ydk pfvu dk w f meJY twl wly/ J 'gaMumifh vltcsi;f csi;f aygif;oif; quf qHwJhtcgrSm olUtay:udk,fuae rkd;NyD; txufpD;eJY qufqHvkduf&ifvnf; olu ud, k a hf tmufa&muf aewJt h wGuf olemvdrhf r,f/ 'Dawmh olemwJh twGuf olu tem rcHyJ udk,fhukd z,fcGm&SJoGm;vdrfhr,f/ 'grS r[kwf olUukd ukd,fhacgif;ay:wifNyD; aygif; vku d jf yef&ifvnf; uk, d u f olUatmufa&muf aewJhtwGuf ukd,femvdrfhr,f/ udk,fem&if vnf; olwkdUukd ukd,fu cGm&SJ oGm;&rSmyJ/ 'Dawmh vleJYvlcsif; aygif;oif;wJhtcgrSm ukd,fu tompD; eJYaygif;&rSm r[kwfovkd temcHNyD; aygif;&rSmvnf;r[kwfbl;/ tJ'D awmh ormorwfuswJh rQwwJh awG;ac:rI rsdK;eJY olvnf; rem&avatmif ukd,f vnf; rem&avatmif olwu Ydk v dk nf; tomray; ovkd uk, d u f vnf; tomr,lwhJ enf;vrf; rsdK;eJY qufqHMur,fqkd&if vlrIquf qHa&; vrf;aMumif;awG tus,Bf u;D jzpfom G ;rSmyJ/ pD;yGm;a&;wHcg;vnf;yGifhoGm;r,f/ pD;yGm; a&;wHcg;yGifhoGm;onfESifh wNydKifeuf a&TwkdU aiGwkdY tukef&? bmrqkdtukef&NyD; od'daygufoGm;NyDaygh/ 'Dvkd od'daygufzkdYu vnf; trSefw&m;vkdw,f/ tJ'gu bm w&m;vnf;qkdawmh ukd,fusifhvkdY&wJh udk,f usifhw&m;aygh/ udk,fusifhw&m;ukd b,fvkd usifh&rvJqkdawmh olUukd udk,fu qufqH
wJhtcgrSm ukd,fh&JU tajym? tjyK? taeawG orm ae&r,f/ udk,fuaequfqHwm ro rmvkdYuawmh 'DvluawmhoGm;NyD/ ukd,fh ukdjrifwJhtcgrSm qufqHzkdUrqkdxm;eJY? a&Smif wdrf;aeMuawmhrSmyJ/ tJ'Dawmh igu vlxJ aeNy;D awmh vliwfawmhrcH Edi k b f ;l / vlqw dk m txD;usef aevkYd [efrusb;l / tJ'a D wmh igh&UJ tajym? tjyK? taeawG ormatmif igBudK; pm;&r,f/ ig Ek;d Ed;k Mum;Mum; owdawGxm;& r,f/ ormwJhpdwfawGxm;NyD; ae&r,f/ ig 'D v k d a wG ; wwf ? ac:wwf ? arQmf w wf w m uvnf; igh&JU todrSef?tjrifrSef? tawG; rSefawGaMumifhyJaygh/ ud, k u f siw hf &m;qdw k muvnf; bmeJY tvm;o@mefwlvJqdkawmh qm;eJY tvm; o@mefwlygw,f/ qm;qdkwmuvnf; ol csn;f pm;vdu Yk awmh b,frm S t&om&Sr d m S vJ aygh/ 'gayr,hf pm;aomufzG,f&mawGxJrSm olryg&if t&omuif;rJhaeygw,f/ udk,f usifhw&m;qdkwmuvnf; pD;yGm;a&;rSm jzpf jzpf? vlrIa&;rSmyJ jzpfjzpf? udk,fusifhw&m; rxnfhEdkif&ifvnf; b,fvdkrS udk,fhb0rSm atmifjrifacsmarGUrSm r[kwy f gbl;/ pD;yGm;a&;? BuD;yGm;a&;? vlrIa&;awG ratmifjrif&if vnf; apmapmu ajymcJhovdk azmifpD;&if; a&iwfqdkwmvdk vlxJaeNyD; vliwfaejyef &ifvnf; vljzpf&wJh b0rSm t"dym,fuif; rJhNyD; tESpfom& r&SdwJh vljzpfoGm;rSmyJ/ t"d ym,fr&SdwJh vltjzpfeJY ae&NyDqdk&if b0rSm qif;&J'ku a&mufMu&rSm {uefrvGJ jzpfrSm ygyJ/ vl&UJ tultnDukd olr&bl; jzpfom G ;rSm yJ / taMumif ; &if ; uawmh r d r d & J U ud k , f u sif h odum w&m;udk tajccHNyD; vl&zdkYu ta&; Bu;D qH;k yJ/ ,aeY atmifjrifausmfMum;aewJh
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pD;yGm;a&; vkyi f ef;&SiBf u;D awGukd jyefMunfr h ,f qdk&if olwdkYawG[m vlawGudk pkNyD; tvkyf vkyMf uwmyJ/ wpfa,muftm;eJY ,laomfr&? wpfaomif;tm;eJY ,laomf&\vdq Yk w kd hJ aqmif yk'fvdk olwdkYvnf; vlawG pkNyD;awmh tvkyf vkyfMuwmyJ/ wu,fjrifomygw,f/ vlqdk wm ud, k w f pfa,mufwnf; tvkyv f y k f vdu Yk awmh b,fwGifus,frSmvJaygh/ udk,fhrSm &Sw d mu ajcESpz f uf? vufEp S z f ufeYJ acgif; wpf vHk; &SdwmyJ/ trsm;tm;eJY pkvdkuf&ifawmh vufawG? ajcawGuvnf; trsm;BuD; jzpf vmNy/ D tJ't D cgrSm ud, k u f acgif;wpfv;kH udk toHk;csNyD; b,fvdkvkyf&if b,fvdkaumif; rSmqdw k mudk pOf; pm;awG;ac:&rSmyJ/ 'Dawmh ud, k a hf tmifjrifrI vrf;aMumif;rSm bmta&; BuD;qHk;vJ qdkwmudk pOf;pm;rdvmrSmyg/ 'Dae&mrSm vl[m ta&;BuD;ygw,f vdkY pOf;pm;rd&rSmyJ/ 'Dvdk pOf;pm;rdwJhtcgrSm aemuf xyfwpfcsuf pOf;pm;zdYk vdw k mu vlukd a&G;cs,z f Ykd ynmu ydt k a&;Bu;D vmw,f/ tJ'g u bmvJvYkd qda k wmh pdeu f ?J ausmufuJ cwf zdkYqdkwmxuf vluJcwfwwfzdkY ynmu ydkt a&;BuD;jyefw,f/ bm aMumifhvJqdk&if oleJY ukd,feJYu tusKd;wlaqmif zuftjzpfeJY pD; yGm;a&;awG? BuD;yGm;a&;awG aqmif&Guf&rSm qda k wmh olUudk tuJcwf&vdrr hf ,f/ 'gjzifh bm udk tuJcwf&rSmvJ/ ky& f nfvm;/ ynmvm;/ tajymaumif ; wmvm;/ aqG r sKd ; *k P f odrftausmf tapmvm;/ 'gawG wpfckrS r[kwb f ;l / ol& Y UJ t ajym? tjyK? taevdq Yk w kd hJ uHawGudk tuJcwf& vdrfhr,f/ olY&JU uH awGu qdk;aer,fqdk&if uHqdk;wJholeJY twl wlwGJ zufNyD; pD;yGm;a&;? BuD;yGm;a&;awG vkyf udkifaqmif&Gufr,fqdk&if atmifjrifp&m t aMumif;r&Sy d J qkw, f w k y f sup f ;D p&m taMumif;
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t&nftcsif;eJY xdkufwefwJh tcGifh ta&; ay;&if olvnf; rembl;aygh/ olremwJh twGuf oluvnf; udk,fhudk cGm&SJroGm; awmhbJ oluvnf; udk,fhudk cdkifcdkifNrJNrJ vufwGJrjzKwfbJ udk,fh&JUvkyfief;twGuf atmifjrifatmif wpfwyfwpftm; yg0ifBuKd ; pm; aqmif&GufoGm;rSmaygh/ 'Dvdkr[kwfbJ olwu Ykd kd ud, k u f aeNy;D awmh tcGit hf a&;awG ydkydkrdkrdk ay;ypfvdkufjyef&ifvnf; olu pdwf Bu;D awG0ifNy;D tcGix hf ;l cH jzpfom G ;Ny;D oumv aemifwpfcsdefrSm olUudk tcGifhta&; ydkydkrdkrdk ray; Edkifjyef&ifvnf; udk,fhvkyfief; atmif jrifa&;twGuf rBuKd ;pm;;awmhbJ olt Y qifu h kd olavQmc h s vdu k jf yef&ifvnf; ud, k v hf y k i f ef;rSm qH;k I;H epfemp&m taMumif;&Sw d ,f/ 'gaMumifh tvkyf&SifeJY tvkyform;qufqHa&;vrf; aMumif;&Sdw,f/ 'gaMumifh tvkyf&SifeJY tvkyform; qufqHa&;vrf;aMumif;rSm rZsdry#dy#mvdkY ac:wJhormorwfvrf;pOfudk usifhoHk;zdkY vdk w,f/ tvky& f i S e f YJ tvkyo f rm; wpfO;D eJY wpf OD;[m ormorwfuswhJ vrf;pOfukd usio hf ;kH Mur,fqdk&ifawmh ESpfOD; ESpfzufpvHk; a&Tt a&;? aiGta&; tppta&;awG NyD;jynfhpHkzdkY rdrw d & Ykd UJ vufwpfurf;twGi;f rSm &Sa d e &r,f/ wu,fawmh vlqw kd m ud, k z hf ufu, kd f Munfh r,fqdk&ifawmh trSm;qdkwm rawGUyJ vHk;0 udk udk,frSefaewmudk awGU&rSmyJ/ wu,f trSeu f kd awGUcsi& f ifawmh tvky& f i S u f vnf; tvkyo f rm;zufuae ud, k u hf , kd u f kd jyefMunfh &r,f/ tvkyform;zufuvnf; tvkyf&Sif zufuae udk,fhudk,fudk jyefMunfh&r,f/ 'Dvdk MunfhvdkufwJh tcgus&if udk,fh trSm;udk ud, k jf rifNy;D jyifqifEi kd c f i G & hf wmaygh/ 'Dvkd todtjrifuawmh wzufowftjrifrsK;d
r[kwa f wmhyJ ormorwfuswhJ todrsK;d jzpf ygw,f/ 'Dvkd todtjrifrsKd ;awGeYJ wlwn l n D D pD;yGm;a&;awG yl;aygif;aqmif&Guf vkyfudkif Mur,f q d k & if a wmh ratmif j rif p &m t aMumif;udk r&Sdbl;/ aemifwpfcsdefrSm tvkyf orm;uvnf; tvky& f i S Bf u;D jzpfrvmbl;vdYk rajymEdkifbl;/ jzpfvmwJhtcgrSmvnf; pD;yGm; a&;eJY ywfoufwJh ynm&yfuawmh txl; avhvmp&mrvdkawmhyJ uRrf;usifNyD;om; jzpf&r,f/ wu,fawmh pD;yGm;a&;csnf; wpdu k p f u kd r f wfrwf vkya f evdu Yk awmh a&&Snf ratmifjrifEdkifbl;/ cPwm atmifjrif aumif; atmifjrifvdrfhr,f/ xm0& atmif jrifvv kd Qia f wmh vlra I &;eJY pD;yGm;a&;? pD;yGm; a&;eJY vlrIa&;qdkwm tpOftNrJ 'GefwGJNyD; vkyu f i kd a f qmif&u G o f m G ;r,fq& kd ifawmh pD;yGm; a&;rSm yg&*lajrmuf aygufa&mufatmif jrif rSm rvGJraoGyJvdkY ajymvdkygw,f/ 'g bmaMumifv h q J & kd ifawmh apmapm uajymovdk udk,fhb0atmifjrifacsmarGUap a&;twG u f t rS e f w u,f vl [ mvd k t yf ygw,f/ vl[m ta&;Bu;D ygw,f/ tvky& f i S f zufuae Munfhjyef&ifvnf; ormorwf uswJh awG;ac:? arQmfjrifwwfwJh vkyfief; &Siv f [ l m vdt k yfygw,f/ ta&;Bu;D ygw,f/ 'grSom rdrdwdkY&JU b0atmifjrifa&;twGuf ormorwfuswhJ vljzpfzUkd uawmh tvdt k yf qHk;eJY ta&;BuD;qHk;yJvdkY ed*Hk;csKyf tjzpf a&; om;vdu k y f gw,f/
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w&m;rsm;? tpOftjrJ aqmifxm;tyfonfh oabmw&m;rsm;udk avhvmcGi& hf cJo h nf/ uGsea f wmfwYkd tm;vH;k vSnp hf m;xm;onfh t0dZm udv k nf; cGmcsNy;D aeYpOftvkyw f i G f 'Gew f JG toH;k csEi kd o f nfh vlom;tm;vH;k aqmifxm;tyfonfh t&d,opm oabmw&m;rsm;udk od&dS Ny;D aemuf udavomudk Edi k e f if;vmcJo h nf/ wcse d w f i G f rdrq d w D i G f &pfywfjcif;cHxm;&onfh udavom0#f quftm;vH;k udk t&d,opmPfjzifh t<uif;rJy h ,fowfEi kd o f nftxd qufvufBuKd pm;rnf[v k nf; ESv;kH oGi;f rd onf/ odjYk zifh t&d,opmvrf;ay:udk ydk a h qmifay;cJo h nfh q&mawmf OD;OmPudk trSL;xm; jcif;jzifh vnf;aumif;? umrokcvu d mEka,m*ESihf twuv d rxmEka,m*[lonfh tpGe;f (2)yg;udk xdx k i G ;f odjrif em; vnfatmif &Si;f jyNy;D aemuf tv,fvrf;udk tvG,q f ;kH jzpfatmif &Si;f vif;cJo h nfh q&mOD;pd;k atmifuv kd nf; 'Dae&mrS uefawmhvu kd & f ygonf/ pHawmfcse d f (facebook.com/ayechanamin)
ESpfaygif; (2600) (1) orm0gpm bDpD (6) &mpku (2) ormurE a[muGuf (1000) (3) ormtmZD0 "ruGefaygif;(84000) rQ tJ'gonf oDv tusOf;jyvsif jrefrmpum;eufu yd#uwf (3) yHk rSefpG tajym NcHKiHktESpfcsKyf rSefpG tjyK okwH"rpMum rSefpG taeudk rZsdr y#dy'g English vkE d p S Nf cKd uf (8) jzmaom r*ifw&m; English vkBd uKd uv f sif usifhyGm;ap&m Right Speech (3)jzmyJ Right Do (Bodily-Action) avmuygv
Right Lively-good. trSeftuefajymjyef 0pDuH (4) yg; trSeftuefjyKjyef um,uH (3) yg; trSeftuefaejyef raemuH (3) yg; (10)yg;aom tukodkvf xdkxdkaom 'kpdkufuif; xdkvlonf aevdkvif;NyDaygh/ xkdvlonf aevdk0if;NyDaygh/
(ormtmZd0udk tae(raemuH)[k ,lqygonf/)
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(viriyaman@gmail.com)
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aiGwpfoe d ;f ausmf avmufue kr f ,fw/ hJ uRea f wmfu cPxde;f armif;vd& Yk atmif vkya f y;vku d y f g/ tck vrf;rSmqda k wmh ntdyf ae&rSmpd;k vdYk ae&ma&mufrS vJyghr,fqNkdy;D &atmif armif;vmcJw h ,f/ ae&ma&mufawmh 0yfa&Smq h &mudk ac:jyw,f? yefq Y i kd f udo k m G ;jyvdu k w f ,f/ yefr Y [kwb f ;l / aemfZ,fu jzpfwmwJ/ h aemfZ,f av;vk;H vJvu kd w f ,f/ aomif; *Pef;av;yJ ukev f u kd w f ,f um;vnf; aumif;oGm;w,f/ wu,fvYkd yefo Y mvJvu kd & f if aiGwpf ode;f ausmo f m ukeo f m G ;r,f? um;aumif;vmrSm r[kwb f ;l / 'g[m taMumif;rSeu f kd rodvUkd yJ/ wcsKd Urdom;pkawG vifr,m; ESpO f ;D vk;H BuKd ;pm;MuvdYk pD;yGm;awGjzpfw,f/ pD;yGm; awGw;kd wufw,f/ 'gudk wpfpw Hk pfO;D u?? r ..w,fvUkd xifNy;D r[kww f mawGvy k Mf uw,f/ tke;f yG?J iSua f ysmyGa J wG wifMuw,f/ ewfuem; ay;Muw,f/ r[kww f mawGvy ka f wmh b0awGygysuc f MhJ uw,f/ 'g [m taMumif;rSm;udk odcMhJ uvdUk yJ/ tJ'grsKd ;awG wifjyae&if Ny;D rSmudk r[kwa f wmhb;l / om;uko d y d c f spw f hJ bk&if Adro d m&/ bk&m;eJU odyc f ifwhJ bk&ifAr do d m&/ aomwmyefy* k Kd vBf u;D bk&if Adro d m&/ om;vufu temuda k wmif yg;pyfxi J NHk y;D temujynfawG rsKd cscw hJ hJ bk&if Adro d m&/ bk&ifvy k c f siv f Ukd aygifrm S "m;pD;Ny;D zcifukd owfzdkYvmwJhom; tZmwowfukd tapmifh awGrdawmh cGifhvTwfNyD; bk&ifvkyfapcJhwJh zcif bk&ifAr d o d m&/ olawmfaumif; bk&ifBu;D Adro d m&/ tJ'D olawmfaumif;bk&ifBu;D Adro d m&udk olo Y m; tZmwowfu axmifoi G ;f / tusO;f cs/ tpmiwfxm;/ acsz0g;"m;cG/ J &Sm;rD;&J&u J ifNy;D owfvu kd w f ,f/ bmaMumifv h J / taMumif;w&m; trSeu f kd pOf;pm;Mu&r,f/ uRefawmfMum;zl;wmu tJ'Dbk&if Adrdom&[m [dkbufb0wpfckrSmwkef;u bk&m; ay:zdeyfp;D cJv h Ukd wJ/ h zcifb& k ifBu;D tJ'v D kd towf cHvu kd & f wJt h aMumif;rSeu f wu,fy[ J b kd uf b0rSmwke;f u bk&m;ay: zdeyf pD;cJv h Ukd vm;/ tJ'g taMumif;rSev f m;/ tJ'v D q kd & kd if 'DaeU rdbawG om;orD;awG&UJ jyeftajym cHaeMuwm[m [db k ufb0rSmwke;f u bk&m;ay:oDcsi;f qdc k v hJ Ykd ajym Murvm;/ tJ'g taMumif;rSefvm;/ uRefawmf awGU&SdrdwJh taMumif;w&m;av;wpfckudkvJ ajymcsiy f gw,f/ bk&ifAr d o d m&[m olu, kd w f i dk f bk&m;eJY tvGe& f if;ES;D uRr;f 0ifwhJ bk&if/ olawmf aumif; aomwmyefb& k ifjzpfayr,fh olUom;tZmwowfukd bk&m;xHac: oGm;w,fvYdk wcgrSS rSww f rf; rawGUzl;ygbl;/ bk&m;xHom G ;Ny;D w&m;emzdYk bk&m;xHqr G ;f vSLzdUk vGww f mrsKd ; wcgrS rSwf wrf; rawGUzl;ygbl;/ aemufoUl om;tZmwowfukd a'0'wfraygif;zdYk a'0'wfukd ausmif;awG aqmuf rvSLzdYk wm;jrpfcw hJ ,fvUkd vJ wae&mrSmrS rSww f rf; rawGUygbl;/ tZmwowf[m a'0'wfukd *,moDwrSm ausmif;vJaqmufvy k v f LS cJw h ,f/ aeUwdi k ;f vJ qGr;f tkya f wG ydUk apcJw h ,f/ wu,fawmh rdbwdYk 0w&m; ig;yg;qdk wmxJrm S rdbqdw k m ]ygyg ed0ga&E}d om;orD;aw awG raumif; wmawGuae wm;jrpfBu&ygr,f/]uvsmaP eda0aoE}d aumif;wmawGukd nTejf y Mu&ygr,f/ ckb& k if Adro d m&[m rdbwd0 Yk w&m; jzpfwhJ a'0'wfukd rud;k uG,z f Ukd a'0'wfeUJ raygif;zdUk rwm;jrpfcb hJ ;l vdYk xifygw,f/ aemufb& k m;xHom G ;zdYk bk&m; w&m;em ,lzYkd bk&m;xHac:oGm;wmrsKd ; pwJh aumif;wmawG ]umv} nTefjywmvJ rawGUcJh&ygbl;/ temxydPf ola|;qdk&if olUom;]umv} ]umv}udk aiGay;NyD; bk&m; ausmif;vGwc f w hJ ,f/ aemuf aiGya kd y;Ny;D w&m;emcdi k ;f cJw h ,f/ tJ'v D o kd m bk&if Adro d m& olUom; tZmwowfukd raumif;wmawGuae wm;jrpfNy;D / aumif;wmawGukd nTejf ycJr h ,fq& kd if ckva kd wG jzpfvmedKiy f ghrvm;/ ckvz kd cifukd &uf&ufpufpuf owfcw hJ m/ ajcz0g; "m;cGc J w hJ mawG[m bk&if
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Adrdom& [dkb0u bk&m;ay: zdeyfpD;cJhvdkUvm;? 0#fa<u; wpfckckvdkU taMumif;&SmBurvm;/ odUk r[kw' f b D 0rSm rdb0w&m;rsm;jzpfwhJ a'0'wfeUJ aygif;wJh raumif;wmawG rwm; jrpfcv hJ Ukd ? bk&m; xHom G ; tqk;H trawGc, H z l Udk qdw k J h aumif;wm awGrnTejf ycJv h Ukd jzpfeKd ir f vm;/ b,ft,ltq b,ftodtjrifu vlawGukd aumif;usKd ;rsm; edKir f vJ/ owdxm;p&mawG &Sv d medKir f vJ/ wu,fvUkd t&ifb0wpfcc k u k bk&if Adro d m& trSm;wpfcc k k vkyc f r hJ v d Ukd qd& k if wu,fawmh olUom; tZmwowfu "m;pmcHoufouf jzpf&wmaygh/ olUzcif0#fa<u;udk olUb0 tepfemcHqyfvu dk & f wmvm;/ tJ'v D o dk mqd& k if wu,foem;p&mu tZmwowf/ w&m;cHtppfu bk&ifAr d o d m&tJ'v D kd jzpfrvmaybl;vm;/ 'gu uRef awmfpOf;pm;p&mav; wpfcu k kd wifjywm yg/ b,f[mtrSev f Ykd uRea f wmfrajymedi k y f gbl;/ rdrw d Ukd &JU todPf twdi k ;f twmt& ,lq vufcMH uzdUk yg/rdrw d Ukd &JU ,lqcsuf taMumif;w&m; &SmazG csuf [m rdrw d Ukd &JU todPfeUJ om qdi k y f gw,f/ tJ'g rdrd wdUk &JUynmygyJ/ vlemwpfa,muf q&m0efom G ;jyvdu k w f ,f/ ao&r,fh taetxm;r[kwy f J q&m0ef trSm;aBumifh aooGm;cJhw,f/ tJ'DvlemaorI[m twdwfuHaMumifhvdkU ,lqvdkufrvm;/ aoaeYaphvUkd jzpfw,fvUkd ,lqvdu k r f vm;/ tJ'v D kd ,lqvdu k w f t hJ wGuf vlawGukd b,fvt kd usKd ; w&m;awG &vmEdi k r f vJ/ wu,fvUkd rsm; q&m0ef jywm aemufusvUkd q&m0efu a'gufwm&rf;uk jzpfaevdUk q&m0efa&G;wm rSm;oGm;vk/ Yd q&m0efuvJ aq;ay;wm rSm;oGm;vd/ Yk q&m0efuvJ a&m *g&Smwm rSm;oGm;vd/ Yk pwJh pwJh vlemaoapavmufwhJ taMumif;w&m;awGukd &SmazGeKd ir f ,f? pOf;pm; edKir f ,f? ok;H oyfeKd ir f ,fq& kd if vlrm S a&m*g&&if q&m0efrrSm;zdYk ta&;Bu;D w,f/ q&m 0ef jywm aemufrusoifb h ;l / &rf;ukawGeYJ rukoifb h ;l / q&m0efawGuvJ aoaocsmcsm pOf;pm;zdv Yk w kd ,f/ aq;ay;wmrrSm;zdYk txl;*&kpu kd o f ifh w,fqw kd hJ vlawGukd tusK;d rsm;apwJh todawG r&aybl;vm;/ uRea f wmfwA Ykd v dk c f sKyf vkyBf uH cHc& hJ w,f/ aoaeYaph vdkYyJ,lqvkdufrvm;/ odkYr[kwf tjcm;aom vdktyfcsufwckckaBumifhvkdY ,lqvdkufrvm;/ b,fvdk taMumif;w&m;udk &SmazGvufcHvdkuf&if uRefawmfwdkYtwGuf b,fvt kd usKd ;w&m;awG &vmEdi k r f vJ / aoaeYaphvYkd aow,fq& kd if uRea f wmfwUkd bmwwfeKd ir f m S vJ/ tm;vk;H aoaeYaph&if aoMurSmyJ/ odr Yk [kwf vkt d yfcsuf wpfcc k a k Bumihq f & kd if aemifrm S tJ'v D t kd jzpfq;kd rsKd ;awG twwfeKd iq f ;Hk rjzpfatmif b,fva kd wG vkyMf u&rSmvJ/ bmawG vdo k m G; cJw h mvJ/ 'gu uRea f wmf pOf;pm;rdwmudk wifjywmyg cifAsm/ rdrw d v Ykd nf; rdrw d Ykd todPftwdi k ;f vufcHMu&rSmjzpfygw,f/ uRefawmftaeeJY uRefawmf pOf;pm;rdwmudkom wifjyjcif;om jzpfygw,fcifAsm ..........
&d;k &Si;f
(mandalaygazette.com)
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aMumufjrif aMumufawG awG; aMumufa&; tajym aMumufaom tvkyf aMumuf&y k f tae aMumufayG BuKd ;pm; aMumuf Ed;k Mum; m;vsuf f m; aMumufjcif;rsm;\ aMumuf&uf pdwx aMumufem;udk uef aMumuf Pfukd ckwf aMumuf"mwfukd qdwf aMumuf&y k u f kd jzwf aMumufpw d u f kd uif aMumuf f Ofukd qef aMumufemrfukd cg aMumuftm&kH zd aMumuftxdukd vSef aMumufcp H m;udk z,f aMumufw,faMumufw,f aMumufygw,f[k aMumufrp I v JG m aMumufwPSm y,f aMumufw,faMumufw,f aMumufygw,f[k aMumufrp I x JG ef aMumuf(O)yg'gef xkwf f w k f qpfqpf ckwf rS aMumufjrp f jzKwq aMumufb0 a0; taMumufaw;wdYk qda k &;qd& k m r&So d matmif a0;&marmif;cs xd" k rum; wjcm;r[kwf taMumuf jyKwf onfh t&d,opm jrwf"rmwnf; .......... /
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td k 'umwdYk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . oifwo Ykd x d m; w&m;t&d,m jrwfopmum; aMumufw&m; z,f aMumuftm; jy, ,f Ny;D aMumufw,f uif;qdyf w&m;wnf;/ td k 'umwd Yk oifwo Ykd x d m; w&m;t&d,m jrwfopmum; aMumufw&m; jzKwf d f w&m;wnf;/ taMumuf jyKwf Ny;D aMumuf&y k f eif;ESy td k 'umwdYk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . oifwo Ykd x d m; w&m;t&d,m jrwfopmum; aMumufw&m; NzKH taMumuf ukef Ny;D aMumuf*P k f jiif;ydwf w&m;wnf;/ td k 'umwdYk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . oifwo Ykd x d m; w&m;t&d,m jrwfopmum; aMumufw&m; uef taMumuf vSef Ny;D aMumuf f Pf &Si;f &dwf w&m;wnf;/ td k 'umwdYk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . oifwo Ykd x d m; w&m;t&d,m jrwfopmum; aMumufw&m; a&Smif taMumuf azsmif Ny;D aMumufaumif pOf;pdyf w&m;wnf; .... / td k 'umwdYk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . oifwo Ykd x d m; w&m;t&d,m jrwfopmum; aMumufw&m; &Sm; taMumuf yg; Ny;D aMumufom; ni;f odyf ... w&m;wnf;........ / ( rif;&dE G ) (lionkinga@gmail.com)
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uRef a wmf h q &m[m ur m rS m a&m jrefrm rSmyg wpfOD;wnf;&SdwJh yxrqHk; t&d,m tusOf;om;BuD; yg/ ('guawmh us aemfh\ tjrifoufoufrQom jzpfygw,f)
w,f/ ol [ m avmuvl o m;awG u d k tjzLtrJ rcGJjcm;? wpfom;wnf; twlwl cspw f wfoy l g/ ol&UJ vlom;tjzpf[m a[m'D urmay:rSm tjypftuif;qHk; vlom;yg/ tjypftuif;qHk; vlom;u bm aMumifh tusO;f axmife& H r H sm;tMum; a&muf ae&ovJvdkY ar;csifMurvm;yJ/ 'Dar;cGef; twGuf tajz[m tqifoifhygyJ/ ol[m avmuvlom;awGudk cspf wwfvGef;vdkY tusOf;axmif eH&HBuD;twGif; usa&muf ae&wmyg/ 'gudk olUwynfhawG aumif;aumif; odMuygw,f/ olUudk qefu Y sif wdu k c fu kd a f eolrsm;vnf; 'gudk aumif;aumif; odMuygw,f/ 'gjzif& h if olUudk qefu Y siw f u kd f cdu k a f eolawG[m bmaMumifr h sm; tNiKd ;Bu;D Bu;D eJY zsup f ;D aeMu&wmvJ/ 'Dtar;pum;udk wpfcGef;xJ ajz&r,fqdk&if Ak'bk&m; a[m Mum;xm;wJh t&d,opmpum;udk olwdkY em;0ifrcsdKEdkifMuvdkYygyJ/ [kwfygw,f/ avm urSm orkwo d pmeJY y&rwopm ESpy f g;om &Sd&r,fvdkY rsufpdrSdwf? em;ydwf vufcHxm; ol a wG t wG u f t&d , op m pum;oH u d k rMum;csiw f mtrSey f g/ olwu Ykd t&d,opmudk Ak' ra[mMum; bl;vdkY rSwf,laeMuw,f xifw,f/ Ak'b & k m;&JU0g'oabmxm; aMunm csufjzpfwJh "rpMuma'oemawmfrSm ... (1) 'ku t&d,opm?
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,ckvmr,fh e,kefvqef; (3)&uf aeYrSm 'Dt&d,mtusOf;om;BuD; oufawmf (75)ESpf wif;wif;jynfhygawmhr,f/ ouf awmf(75)ESpfjynfhawmhrnfh t&d,mtusOf; om;Bu;D udk ol aemufq;kH a[mMum;cJw h hJ igwdYk onf...avmu\.. aus;Zl;w&m; wdu Yk kd ..pm;oHk;&Sifoef aeMu&onf/ igwdkYu.. avmu\..aus;Zl;w&m;wdu Yk . k d .wHUk jyefay;qyf Mu&r,f qdw k hJ vrf;nTer f m S Mum;csuf pum;oH rsm;udk jyefvnfcHpm;&if; ylaZmfrSm jzpfyg
(2) 'kuork', t&d,opm? (3) 'kueda&m" t&d,opm? (4) 'kue a d &m" *grdey d #dy'g t&d,opm (0g) r* t&d,opmqdkNyD; t&d,opmav;yg; txift&Sm;&Sa d eygw,f/ r*Fvokwa f wmfrm S vnf; t&d,opme 'e 'eH vdkY tcdkiftrm yg&Sdyg w,f/ wu,fawmh Ak'bk&m;a[mMum; cJhwJh w&m;awmfrSef&if t&d,opmtxG#f wyfvdkY r&wJh w&m;&,fvdkY r&Sdygbl;/ uRef awmhfq&m[m a[m'DurmavmuBuD;udk Ak'b & k m;a[m Mum;wJh t&d,opm"rawGeYJ Nidrf;csrf;atmif? vGwfajrmufatmif a[m Mum;zdkY touf&Sif aewmyg/ Ak'bk&m;uvnf; t&d,opm w &m;udk a[mMum;awmfrlw,f/ uRefawmfh q&muvnf ; t&d , op m w&m;ud k y J a[mMum;ygw,f/ 'DvdkjzpfygvQuf Ak'bm omEdi k i f w H pfcr k m S Ak'b & k m;udk ud;k uG,o f a l wG u bk&m;a[mwJh t&d,opm a[mMum;ol udk tusO;f csxm;ae Muwm[m avmuBu;D awmh wpfckckvGJaewm aocsmw,f/ oufawmf(75)ESpf&SdNyDjzpfwJh uRef awmfwdkY q&muawmh jrpfBuD;em;tusOf; axmif x J rS m aygh A sm/ igwd k Y avmuud k aus;Zl;wHkYjyef ay;qyf Mu&vdrfhr,f/ ig[m igjzpfw,f 'gayr,fh...... ighudk igvdkY tod trSwfrjyK&ifighrSm jzpfaewJr h vGwf vyfrNir d ;f csr;f awGukd igb,f vdk odrSmvJ../ ighrSmjzpfaewJhrvGwfvyf rNidrf;csrf; awGudk
igrodbl;qdkawmh igh&JU vGwfvyfNidrf;csrf;rIawG igtNyD;wdkif qHk;IH;vdkuf&NyDaygh../ igu bmaMumifhrsm; ighudk igvdkY rodcsif&wmvJ../ ighudk igvdkY rodwmuaum bmtjypfawGrsm; jzpfaeovJ.../ ighudk igvdkY rodjcif;rSmaum bmaumif;usKd;awG jzpfrSmvJ.../ qif;&J'kuu igvGwfajrmufcsifw,f qkd&if qif;&J'kuqdkwm bmjzpfw,fvdkY ig od&vdrfhr,f../ qif;&J'kuudk igrodyJ qif;&J'u k u ig b,fvv kd w G r f m S vJ.../ ig vljzpfaewmuaum qif;&J'ku [kwfyghrvm;../ Ak'bk&m;u... ] rEkwbma0g 'kvabm ] vdkY rdefYxm;wm igMum;zl;w,f../ vlYtjzpf &cJw,f..wJh/
wu,fawmh... qif;&J'kueJY igu twlwlr[kwf Mu ygbl;/ qif;&J'u k u ighuv kd mNy;D yl;uyfaewm r[kwfvm;.. qif;&J'kueJY ig twlwlrSwf,lae&if igr&SdrS qif;&J'kuu vGwfawm hrSm aygh../ ig[m qif;&J'kuu vGwfcsifwmvm; ig[mightjzpfudk r&Sdbl;vkyfcsifwm vm;/
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vGwfvyfNidfrf;csrf;rIudk ig&csif qif;&J'u k u kd bmvdYk igod&vdrr hf ,f../ qif;&J'kuudk igb,fvdkodrSmvJ... qif ; &J ' k u u d k o d z d k Y A k ' b k & m;ud k igOD ; cdkuf&vdrfhr,f/ Ak'bk&m;u qif;&J'kuudk nTefjyzdkY yGifhay:vmjcif;jzpfw,f.../ qif;&J'kuudk ig odcGifh&&if qif;&J'ku jzpfaMumif;awG igy,fEdkif r,f... qif;&J'u k jzpfaMumif;awG igy,fEi dk & f if qif ; &J ' k u c sKyf & mud k i gqk d u f a &muf vdrfhr,f.. qif;&J'kucsKyf&mukd igqkdufa&muf&if qif;&J'kucsKyfaMumif;ukd igyGm;vdrfhr,f.. qif;&J'kucsKyfaMumif; yGm;p&mqkdwm uH (ocFg&) b0taxGaxGukd taumif; xif a erI r sm; uG m usoG m ;atmif r* i f azmifBuD; aysmfaysmfpD;jcif;yJaygh/ igeJUighrdwfaqGvlom;awGtJ'Dr*if azmif xuf ta&muf vSrf;wuf Ekdifatmif b0wpfcv k ;Hk ay;tyf&if;ES;D Ny;D tusKd ;aqmif ol t&d,mvlom; igwkq Yd &m "r0[ d m&D t&Sif f if; jrwfav tarSmifacwfudk ajrjry o f N*K [& yxrqk H ; t&d , mtusOf ; om;BuD ; tjzpf tarSmifvr T ;f wJh tusOa f xmife& H H rsm;Mum; avSmifyw d x f m;jcif; cHae&w,f/ avmuukd *kPfjyKvufaqmif ay;csif w,fqdk&if t&dopm"rtvif;ukd ay;&if; igwkdY avmuukd aus;Zl;qyf&vdrfhr,f/ tJ'D aus;Zl;qyfjcif;[m
avmuuk d t&d , op m "r e J Y csd K Nrd e f v S y apjcif;yJjzpfw,f v*Gef;tdrf (ariyathitsa@gmail.com)
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Vaya means "destroy" Dhamma means "theory" Sinhkara means "troublesome deeds" "Bad and troublesome deeds will destory our physical and mental
apperance." * These are the last words of the Buddha while he was dying at the age
of eighty and 560 B. c. We can be enlightened if we understand the meaning of these words. It is not very difficult to understand for a person who has been liberated from blind faith in religion.
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Explanation
By ignorance we usually do troublesome deeds (sinhkara) which is the cause of all sufferings. The worst is to believe in next life after death. "Uppamadhayna Sanpardhayhta" means "Let the unforgetful -ness be the cause of your living." If we understand these two sentenses, it is easy to understand the circulation of mental suffering. Because of our ignorance, we do wrong actions again and again. Doing a wroug action again and again means killing oursel-ves again and again. In this way, we make our fate. (Life) by ourselves to become good or bad generation by generation. * All beliefs (in abnormal life of spirits, ghosts, gods, next life after death or no life) happen in us by our " ignorance." * To see the noble truth is to be honest. If we believe in what we do not know we are not honest. * All lives happen in us before we die. * Real and normal life happens in normal human being where as abnormal and artificial one in abnorma.
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0,"rm ocFg&m tyrma'e orma'x

0, ysufpD;w,f "rm w&m; ocFg&m qif;&Jjcif;udk jzpfapaom tjyKtrlrsm;(udk,f? EIwf? ESvHk;) 'Dae&mrSm ocFg&\ t"dym,fudk jrifjriforQ ocFg&? bmrQ rNrJqdkwmudk r,l&yg/ t0dZm yp,m ocFg&mudk ,l&ygw,f/ rodvYkd ocFg& 'kua wGukd jyKMuw,fvYkd qdw k hJ t"dym ,fukd ,lygw,f/ 'Dawmh 0,"rm ocFg&m&JU t"dym ,fu ud, k ?f EIw?f ESv;kH eJY jyKrw l hJ qif;&Jjcif;trI awG[m vludk ysufpD;apw,fvdkY &ygw,f/ rsufuef;,HkMunfrIeJY trSm;awGudk qufcgquf cgjyKae&if vl&JUyHkpHeJY pdwfudk ysufpD;apw,fvdkY t"du qdkvdkygw,f/ arG;vmvdYk td?k em? ao jzpfwmudk ajymwmr[kwy f g/ jrifjriforQ ocFg&udk odzYkd bk&m;rvdy k g/ bk&m;qdkwm vlawG tvG,fwul odEdkifwmawGudk ajyma[mzdkY yGifhvmwm r[kwfyg/ bk&m;[m tnHhpm; todawGudk ajymzdkY yGifhvmwm r[kwfyg/ rlrSef b0awGyJjzpfjzpf rlrrSef b0awGyJjzpfjzpf 'DcEmraocifrSm jzpfMuygw,f/ oHk; q,fhwpfbHk b0awGjzpfwJh rlrrSefb0awGvnf; vlraocif 'Dvuf&SdvlrSmyJ jzpfNyD; oHo&m vnfygw,f/ raumif;wJh 0goem? tusifhawGudk qufcgqufcg jyKvkyf&if vlraocif vl yHy k suv f mygw,f/ rdk;om;&if w&m;udk rjrifEdkifw&m;udkjrifzdkY dk;om;&ygw,f/ rjrif? rodwmudk jrifw,f? odw,f? ,Hkw,f? &Sdw,f vdkY ajymwm rdk;om;wmyg/ rjrif? rodwmudk rjrifb;l ? rodb;l ? r,Hb k ;l vdYk ajymNy;D r,lwmudk d;k omw,fvYkd ac:ygw,f/ om0uwpfOD; (ariyathitsa@gmail.com)
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,kHkMunfudk;uG,fcGifh &jcif;onf uRefawmfh twGuf vif;vufaomb0vrf; nTet f vif; wef;opfwpfck &&Sdvdkufjcif; jzpfygonf/ vrf;nTefrI tvif;wef;onf us aemfhtwGuf BuD;rm;aom aumif;usdK;w&m; rsm; jzpf yGm;apcJhygonf/ ,ckq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;\ ouf
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awmf 75 ESpfajrmuf pdef&wk arG;aeY r*Fvm tcgor,wGif xdkpOfu q&mawmfbk&m; BuD; a[majymnTefjycJhaom bk&m;w&m;oH Cm &wemoHk;yg; udk; uG,fqnf;uyf&jcif; taMumif ; w&m;"r r sm;ud k jyef v nf ESv;kH oGi;f MunfnKd &if; q&mawmftm; OD;cdu k f ylaZmfr IjyKvkdufygonf/ q&mawmf \ yp K y e f u H o abm w&m; oifwef;udk rEav;wdkif;a'oBuD; yk o d r f B uD ; Nrd K Ue,f &ef u if ; awmif a jc tEk y g'g,Of a us;rI w &m; XmerS m usif ; yjyKvkyfcJhygonf/ xdktcsdefu oifwef;om; rsm;rSm uRefawmftyg0if pkpkaygif; ckESpf a,mufom &Sdygonf/ oifwef;ponfESifh ypyKef ur0g' Ak' bmom\ "ropm t"d|mef oHkcsufukd &Gwfqdk& ygonf/ ypyefuH "ropmukd ,HkMunfyg\/ ypye u f H "ropmudk qnf;uyfyg\/ yp y e f u H "r o p m twd k i f ; vdkufemusifh oHk;Muygrnf/ "ropmt"d|mef oHkcsufudk uRef awmfwdkY &Gwfqdkt"d|mefjyKNyD;onfESifh "r 0d[m&Dq&m awmfbk&m;BuD;rS uRefawmf wdkYtm; oufawmifhoufom avsmhavsmh zwfzwfESifh rQrQww aexdkifMu&ef cGifhjyK ygonf/ q&mawmf\ rsufESmawmfudk zl; arQmfMunfhvdkuf&m avmb? a'go uif;ae onfaMumifh yuwdMunfndKzG,f aumif; aeygonf/ bk&m;w&m;oHCm &wemoHk;yg;udk ud k ; uG , f q nf ; uyf & jcif ; taMumif ; &S i f ; jyonf q&mawmf \ pum;awmf rsm;onf oifwef;ol oif wef;om;wdkY\ OD ; aES m uf t wG i f ; od k Y oH p Of n D n D d k u f cwfaeygonf / a&S;OD;pGm q&mawmfrS
&wem oHk;yg;udk;uG,fqnf;uyf&jcif;\ t"du taMumif; w&m;onf (31)bHk 'ku oHo&mab;rS vGwfajrmuf&efrS wpfyg; tjcm;r&SdaMumif; rdefYMum;ygonf/ rdefY Mum;oH u d k M um;vd k u f & aomtcg bk & m; w&m;oHCm &wemoHk;yg;udk yef;? a&csrf;? qDrD;? qGrf;? abmZOf tppwdkYESifhylaZmfNyD; touf&Snfjcif; tqif;vSjcif; Pfynm BuD;jcif; pD;yGm;Opm&wem tjzmjzmwdkYESifh jynfhpHkaMumif; qkawmif; aejcif;tppwdkY onf Ak'b & k m; tvda k wmfus r[kwa f Mumif; yxrqHk;owdjyK vkdufrdygonf/ bk&m;? w&m;? oHCm &wemoHk;yg; udk;uG,f qnf;uyfolwdkYonf bk&m;w&m; oH C m &wemoH k ; yg; [l o nf t b,f t&mjzpfonfudk [kwf[kwfjim;jim;rodyJ Ak'bk&m;\ txdrf;trSwfjzpfaom apwD ykx;kd awmf kyy f m G ;awmfwu Ykd kd yef; a&csr;f qDr;D qGrf;abmZOf tppwdkYESifh uyfvSLylaZmfNyD; qkawmif;jcif;jzifhom tcsdefukefaernfqdk vQif Ak'bmom0ifjzpf&usKd;reyf? (31)bHk 'ku oHo&mpufrS rvGwa f jrmufei kd a f Mumif; &S i f ; jyygonf / w&m;awmf u d k ud k ; uG , f qnf;uyf&m vnf; w&m;awmfukd &Gwz f wf Munf n d K ae&H k E S i f h tcsd e f u k e f N yD ; w&m; awmfrsm;udk usifhBuHBudK;ukwf tm;xkwfjcif; rjyKvQif tudsK;rrsm;edKifaMumif; nTefjy ygonf/ oHCmawmfrsm;udk udk;uG,f qnf; uyf&mvnf; oHCmawmf t&SifjrwfwdkY a[mMum;aom opmav;yg;w&m;awmfudk rem,lbJ aemifaumif;pm;a&; tpp&nf arsmfNyD; ay;urf; vSL'gef;aeHkrQESifh tcsdef ukefaernfqdkvQif tusdK; rrsm;EdkifaMumif; (31)bHk 'kuoHo&mpufrS rvGwfajrmuf edkifaMumif;a[mMum;nTefjyygonf/
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bk&m; w&m; oHCm &wem oH;k yg;udk ud k ; uG , f q nf ; uyf & m q&mawmf o nf rdrdudk,fwdkif todtjrif&Sd&Sd MunfndKoljzpf ovdk wynfh 'um 'umrwdt Yk m;vnf; tod tjrif&Sd&Sd MunfndK wwf&efnTefjyygonf/ Ak'bk&m;udk Munfndk jcif; trdsK;rsdK;&Sd&mwGif Ak'bk&m;\ "rcEmawmftxd jrifatmif MunfndKedkifjcif;onfom tjrwfqHk; jzpfyg onf/ Ak'bk&m;ESifh Ak'bk&m;\ wynfhom; oHCmawmfwdkY\ yifrtvkyfonf t&d,m opmav;yg;w&m; awmf azmf xkwf rIEi S hf w&m;awmf o,faqmifrI vkyfief;om jzpfonf[kvnf; nTefjyyg onf/ odkY odjrif vdkuf& jcif;onf bk&m; w&m; oH Cm &wem oH;k yg; ud;k uG,f qnf;uyfolwdkYrSm w&m; awmf\ o,faqmif oGwf oGif;jcif;cH&aom t&om udk rsua f rSmufrm S yif cH,c l i G hf &&S& d rnf[k od&dS em;vnfvu kd y f gonf/ vlonfw&m;awmf\ o,faqmif oGm; jcif;cH&aom t&omudk rsufarSmuf rSmyif cH,l cGifh &&SdrS Ak'bk&m;ESifh oHCm awmfrsm;\ aus;Zl;rnfrQ BuD;rm;aMumif; 'd|"rtjzpf odjrifedkifrnf jzpf ygonf/ w&m;awmfudk odjrifrSvnf; Ak'bk&m; [l onf tb,ft&mjzpfonfudk [kwf[kwf jim;jim; odjrifrSm jzpfonf/ Ak'bk&m; udk odrSvnf; Ak'bk &m;\ wynfhoHCmawmf wdu Yk kd rSer f e S u f efuef od jrifrm S jzpfonf/ Ak' bk&m;udk rodygyJ Ak'bk&m;\ wynfh oH CmawmfwdkYudk odjrifEdkif&ef jzpfedkifrnf r
[kwfyg/ rdrdwdkY\ OD;BuD;? OD;av;? bBuD;? b a'G;wdkY oHCmawmfrsm;jzpfaeonf &Sdedkif aomfvnf; yk*Kd vu f kd jrif&r kH QEi S hf oHCmawmf udk odjrifEdkifol rjzpfedkifyg/ w&m;awmfudk odrSomvQif Ak'bk&m;udka&m oHCmawmf rsm;udkyg odedkifrnf jzpfyg onf/ Ak'b & k m;ESihf wynfo h m;oHCmawmf rsm;udk rodyJESifh 0wfjyKylaZmf&jcif;onf ukodkvf&aom tusKd;rQ jzpfEdkifygonf/ ukodkvfonf aumif;rGefonfrSefaomfvnf;
ypKyefuHoabmw&m;wdkYudkom tpOfa[mMum;aom "r0d[m&Dq&mawmf bk&m;BuD;onf uHudk &S if;jy&mwGif uHudk,kHMunf&kH rQ ,kHMunf&ef nTefjyonfr[kwfyg/ uHudk taMumif;w&m; tusKd;w&m;wdkY ESifhwuG od&Sd&ef nTefjyyg onf/
(31)rS vGwf ajrmuf&modYk 'd|"rya Ykd qmifjcif; rjyKEdkifyg/ 0#f'ku0efrS vGwfajrmufjcif; rjzpfapEdi k y f g/ (31)bHkrSvGwfajrmuf&ef? 0#f'ku 0efudk csEdkif&ef opmav;yg; w&m;awmfudk ydi k ;f jcm; od&ygrnf/ opmav;yg; ydi k ;f jcm;odrS Ak'bk&m;ESihf oHCmawmfrsm;\ aus;Zl;*kPf &nfawmfrsm;udk od jrifEdkifrnfjzpfygonf/ wGif t&d,opmav;yg; w&m; awmf [lonf (1) 'kut&d,opm (2) 'kuork',t&d,opm (3) 'kueda&m"t&d,opm (4) 'kue a d &m" *grdey d #dy'g t&d,opm (0g)
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r*t&d,opmwdkYomjzpfonf/ wGif'ku t&d ,opmonf ydi k ;f jcm;od&ef udp& o dS nf/ 'ku t&d,opmudk ydkif;jcm;od&ef y#dp orkyg 'fukd ydi k ;f jcm;od&ygrnf/ y#dp orkyg 'f udkod&ef vdktyffcsuf (4)csuf&Sdygonff/ ,if;vdktyfcsuf(4)csufrSm (1) uHudktaMumif;w&m; tusKd;w&m;ESifh wuG ydkif;jcm;od&ygrnf/ (2) uHoHo&mudkod&ygrnf/ (3) uHoo H &monfvr l [kwa f Mumif; od&yg rnf/ (4) uHoHo&m\ tedpvuPm(ysufpD;rI)? 'k u v u P m(qd k ; 0g;rI ) ?tew v u P m (tESpf tom;rJhrI? udk,fpdk; udk,fydkifrjzpfrI) wdkYudkod&Sd&ef vdktyfygonf/
odkY Ak'bk&m;\ aus;Zl;udk odoltjzpf cH,lcGifh&jcif;? w&m; awmf\aus;Zl;ukd odoltjzpfcH,lcGihf&jcif; oHCmawmft&SIifjrwfwdkY \ aus;Zl;udk odoltjzpf cH,l cGihf&jcif;onfomvQif Ak'bk&m;ESifh Ak'bk&m;\wynfhom; oHCmawmfwdkYtm; rnfodkYqnf;uyfylaZmf &rnf 0wfjyKylaZmf&rnfudk odoljzpfygrnf/
ypKyefuH oabmw&m;wdkYudkom tpOfa[mMum;aom "r0d[m&Dq&mawmf bk&m;BuD; onf uHudk&Sif;jy&mwGif uHudk ,kH Munf&kHrQ ,kHMunf&ef nTefjyonfr[kwfyg/ uHudktaMumif;w&m; tusKd;w&m;wdkYESifh wuG od&& dS ef nTejf yygonf/ uH[o l nf rod Edi k f rjrifEi kd a f om t&mr[kw/ f um,uH? 0pD uH? raemuH[l txift&Sm;&Sd aeonf/ vlESifhvlcsif; qufqH&mwGif ormaom t jrif? tawG;? tajym?tjyK? tae? BudK;pm;? Edk;Mum;? pdwfxm;rsm;udkausmfNyD; tm;xnfh
oGif; vGefusL;aom taumif;? tqdk;trI rsm;onf uH rsm;jzpfonf/ uH \ tusK;d w&m;udkvnf; aumif;uH vkyfvQif vl?ewf? jA[m csr;f omjzpfrnf/ raumif;uH vkyv f Qif i&J? wd&pmef? Nydwm? tol&um,f jzpfrnf [laom pdwu f ;l Buq H csuf tajymrsLd ;ajym r&yg/ vufawGU 'd|"r jzpfaom twum 0p& tusKd;w&m;rsKd;om nTefjy&ygrnf/ uH onf taMumif;rJo h ufouf jzpf vmonfr[kwfyg/ ewf? jA[mwdkUzefwD; vdkufonfvnf; r[kwfyg/ vlujyKonf vnf; r[kwy f g/ taMumif;w&m;&S& d dS jzpfvm jcif f ; jzpf o nf f / uH u d k j zpf a pvd k u f a om udavom omvQif taMumif;w&m;rSm pdwZ jzpfygonf/ pdwZud avomrygbJ uHudk vlujyKEdkifonf r[kwfyg/ pdwZudavom udkz,fxm;vQif vlom;onf vGefusK;aom uHukd vk;H 0vky f r&yg/ uHonf jyKNy;D onf ESifh ysufoGm; aysmufoGm;onf r[kwfyg/ 0dyguf toGia f jymif;ypn;f tjzpf qufvuff wnf&Sdygonf/ 0dygufw&m;udk vl\yuwd rsufvkH;ESifh vkH;0rjrifEdkifyg/ Pfrsufpd jzifhom jrifEdkifygonf/ 0dygufw&m;onf vl\OD;aESmufwi G f rod p d w f ( b0if p d w f ) tjzpf ud e f ; atmif ; wnfygonf/ wGif rodpw d ( f b0ifpw d ) f [l onf jyKNy;D aomuHrsK;d xyfrjH yK&ef rsK;d aphtjzpf OD;aESmuf ude;f atmif;wnf&jdS cif;jzpfonf/ Oyrm vlwpfa,muf raumif;uHwpfck jyKvdkufvQif xdkuHjyKNyD; r&Sdawmhaomfvnf; xd k o l r S m raumif ; uH j yKol tjzpf t oG i f ajymif;oGm;ygonf/ qdkvdkonfrSm xdkol &dk;om;jzLpifrIrsm; vkH;0qkH;&IH;oGm;jcif; cH&NyD jzpfonf/ raumif;rI jyKwwfaom Ofqdk; rsm; udef;atmif;aeNyDjzpfonf/
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Of q d k ; onf raumif ; rI j yKvd k aom uH\taMumif;w&m; udavomrsm; udk arG;zGm;OD;rnfjzpfonf/ odYk uHukd taMumif;w&m;? tusK;d w&m;ESihf wuG odoo l nf uHoo H &mudo k o d l jzpfonf/ uHoHo&monf vlr[kwfyg/ vludk trSDjyK uHrsm; ajy;vTm;jzpfyGm;ae jcif;jzpfonf/ uHonf trsKd;rsKd;&Sdojzifh uHzefwD;vdkufaom ow0gawGvnf; trsKd; rsKd;jcm;em;ygonf/ umr uHjyKjzpfaom umrow0g(11)rsK;d ? lyuH jyKjzpfaom ly ow0g(16)rsK;d ? tlyuHjyK jzpfaom tly ow0g(4) rsKd;txd&Sdygonf/ uHzefwD;vdk aom (31)bkHom; ow0gwdkYonf tedp (ysufpD;jcif;) oabmrS rvGwfajrmufEdkifyg/ 'ku (qd;k 0g;jcif;)oabmrS rvGwa f jrmufEi kd f yg/ tew(tESpfom&rJhjcif;? udk,fpdk;udk,f ydi k r f jzp f jcif;) oabmrSrvGwa f jrmufE f i kd y f g/ tod r sm;onf y#d p o rk y g 'f unTef jyaom uHtodrsm;jzpfygonf/ odYk uHudk odatmif avhvmjcif;onf 'kuudk odatmif avhvmjcif;jzpffonf/ 'kuudk od atmif avhvmjcif; onf r*"rEi S hf tavQmf tEk"rjzpfonf/ "rmEk "rjzpfjcif; jzpfonf/ avhvmcsufonf y#dywd vkyfjcif;jzpf "rmEk "ry#dywdjzpfonf/ odYk "rmEk "ry#dywd vkyjf cif;jzifh 'k u t &d , op m uk d yd k i f ; jcm;od y grnf 'kut&d, opmudk ydkif;jcm;odjcif;jzifh 'ku ork', t&d,opmukd y,fowfeKd iy f grnf/ 'kuo rk', t&d, opmudk y,fowfeKd ijf cif; jzifh 'kue a d &m" t&d,opmudk qdu k a f &muf edi k r f nfjzpfonf/ xdo k o l nf 'kuc sKya f Mumif; tusifh r*opmudk qufvufyGm;rsm; usifh BuH a ernf j zpf o nf / xk d Y a Mumif h uH u d k
taMumif ; w&m; tusd K ;w&m;ES i f h w uG odjcif;onf Ak'bk&m;a[mMum;aom opm av;yg;udk aumif;pGmod&Sdedkifygrnf/ opm av;yg;udk opPf? udpPf? uwPf [laom Pfo;kH yg;ESihf yGm; PfpOf (12) yg; txd od&Sdjcif;onf w&m;odoltjzpf cH,lcGifh&jcif;jzpfonf w&m;udk odolonf Ak'bk&m;\aus;Zl;udk odoltjzpf cH,lcGifh &ygrnf/ oHCmawmf t&Sijf rwfw\ Ykd aus;Zl; ukd odoltjzpf cH,lcGif&ygrnf/ odkY Ak'bk&m;\ aus;Zl;udk odol tjzpf cH,lcGifh&jcif;? w&m;awmf\aus;Zl; ukd odot l jzpf cH,c l i G & fh jcif;? oHCmawmf t &SIifjrwfwdkY\ aus;Zl; udk odoltjzpf cH,l cGi& fh jcif; onfomvQi I f Ak'b & k m;ESihf Ak'b k &m;\ wynfhom; oHCmawmf wdkYtm; rnf odq Yk nf;uyf ylaZmf&rnf 0wfjyK ylaZmf&rnf udk odoljzpfygrnf/ bk&m; ? w&m; ?oHCm &wemoHk;yg;udk todjrif&Sd&Sd udk;uG,f qnf; uyfjcif;onfomvQif oHk;q,fhwpfbHk 'ku oHo&m pufudk &dkufcsdK;jzwfawmufEdkifol jzpfrnf[k "r0d[m&D q&mawmfbk&m;BuD; nTefjycJhygonf / oufawmf(75)ESpfNynfY "r0d[m&D q&mawmf b k & m;BuD ; \ pd e f & wk a rG ; aeY r*FvmyGJudk 1362 ckESpf aEG&moD ypKyefuH "roifwef; qHk;r Mo0g' pum;rsm;udk atmufarhMunfndK&if; OD;cdkufylaZmf tyfyg onf/ Nidrf;csrf;atmif (ariyathitsa@gmail.com)
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urmBuD;uyJ vnf----vGef;aeovm; ? rl;csifw,f/ iguyJ t vGef;aeovm; ? l;csiw f ,f/ ,HkMunfrIawG aeYpOf tcdk;cHae&vdkY pdwfysuf udk,fpdwfESpfyg; BuHUcdkifzdkY a,m*usifhpOfawG ajy;wuf yufueJ raocsifvkdY Moôk q&mBuD;q&mBuD; OD;&efatmifaq;awG v -csOf;atmifpm;/ aervm;- aorvm;- q&mOD;tHk;az&JU aq;ynm pmwef;awG&Smzwf? b0udk rkdufcdkeJY MunfhNyD; aumif;rGefrSefuefpGm? w&m;rQwrIeJY Nidrf;csrf;pGm aeYpOfjzwfoef; ightwGuf aoa&;xuf &Sifa&;u ydkNyD; ta&;BuD;w,f/ tcktG,frSm tHhp&mvm; ? vefYp&mvm;? rod twkeJY tppfa&mypfNyD; cspfvkdY&vmw,f/ (Oyrm yef;twkeJY tppfawG) tG,fwlawG vSrf;Munfhvkdufawmh jzpf^ysufjrifzkYd tonf;toefBudK;pm;? jzpf^ysuf ausmif;awmfawGrSm (rsufpdudk rdSwf? em;udkydwfNyD;) jzpf^ysuf qHk;&mudk taotvJ &SmMuaeMuav&JU/ iguawmh acwfodyHaq;ynm&JU vlUtaMumif; covery udk rsufpdzGifhMunhfNyD; tao;pdwfwJh Disscovery jzpf^ysufeJY vlUcEm taMumif;udk odaew,f/ t,lrwl&if rD;dIUowfMuwJh tv,facwfu wu,fyJ - ukefqHk;oGm;NyD;vm; ? A[ef;rSm aeMuwJholawG usef;rma&; aumif;ygap/
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jrpfBuD;em;rSm aeMuwJholawG usef;rma&; aumif;ygap/ urmat;rSm aeMuwJholawG xkdYenf;vnf;aumif;ygyJ/ use;f rmMuygap/ wu,fawmh wcPae&wJh b0rSm pdwZpGJ uif;uif;eJY vlyDozkdYyJ vky d gw,f/ av;pmtyfaom oDwif;oHk;azmfwkdYa& - - rif;wkdYvkd tvef;pm;pwdkifeJY igvnf; (vkdtyf&ifawmh) "g;&Snfudkif (the Last Samurai) wpfa,mufygyJ/ 'gayr,fh cufwmu &SifoefNyD; ZD0kyf ri,fzkdY udk,f'eJY udk,f&yfNyD; rwfaezkdYusawmh ywf0ef;usifu arSmifvkdufwm -------/
Nidrf; ('e)
(ydawmufyGifhopf r*Zif;wGif azmfjyxm;onfh pmrljzpfygonf/)
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'D a cgif ; pOf a tmuf r S m jrwf p &m taMumif;awG ola Y e&mESihf olrsm;pGm &SMd u rSmyg/ rD;aoG;a&mif;wJholutp uGefysL wma&mif;wJo h t l qH;k olw& Ykd UJ tawG;xJrm S 'D w pf v uawmh b,f a vmuf j rwf w ,f ? pm;aomuf zG,& f m rsm;? tvSue k y f pn;f rsm; a&mif;0,fMuolawGvnf; olw& Ykd if;ES;D xm;wJh aiGay:uae b,favmufjrwfaeNyDqkdwm wGua f e MurSmyg/ aeYpOf oHk;pGJaeMu rD;zdkacsmifoHk; ypn;f rsm;jzpfwhJ tmvl;? Muufoe G e f ?D Muuf oGejf zLav; 0,f&mrSmyif wpfOjzpfap? wpfck jzpfap tydt k om &wmonfyif uk, d t hf wGuf tjrwfy[ J k wGuu f e d ;f udu k Nf y;D tydt k om &atmif 0,fwwfaom tdr& f i S f rwdv Yk nf; olt Y xmESio hf l tjrwftpGe;f &atmif? wGuf ajcudu k jf zpfatmif vH;k yrf;MurSmyg Asm .../ vlwpfa,mufu vly Y wf0ef;usiu f kd wkejYf yefwwfwt hJ cse d u f pNy;D tdr k if;&ifa h &mf um vIy& f m S ;Edi k p f r G ;f r&Sa d wmhonfh tcse d x f d atmif tH;I qda k om &vm'fEi S hf tqH;k owf csir fm S r[kwy f g/ iguawmh b,ftcse du f pNy;D pD;yGm;a&;vkyw f ,f/ b,fEp S E f p S f twGi;f rSm b,ftajctaexdatmif wkd;wufaeNyD/ 'g[mtjrwfy?J iguvnf; b,fbm om&yf rSm b,ftqifhESifh bmbGJUudk ,lxm;wJh twG u f tjrwf y J q d k w m ol w pf y g;tm; rajymrdvQif &Sy d gr,f/ rdrp dw d x f r Jm S awmh yDwd awG a0a0jzmjzmESifh auseyfaerSmyg/ trSef
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jzpfwhJ aomrwft,f'q D ifuvnf; vlw\ Ykd tarSmif nurmudk ol\BuKd ;yrf;rIjzifh tvif; aqmifapcJhw,f/ rmudkeDqdkaom yk*Kdvf Bu;D uvnf; a&'D,u kd kd wD xGia f y;cJw h ,f/ *a&[rfbq J a kd om ynm&Siu f vnf; w,fvD zke;f udk wDxi G a f y;cJw h ,f/ tvufZEm;zvJ rif;qda k om a'gufwmBu;D uvnf; yife,fq vifaq;0g;udk xkwa f zmfay;cJNh y;D armf awmf um;udkawmh [ife&DzdkY'fu jzpfxGef;apcJhyg w,f/ oda Yk om ynm&SiBf u;D rsm;\ aus;Zl;l awGuawmh vlom;rsdK; tqufqufwdkYt wGuf wefz;dk jzwfr&Eki d a f tmif Bu;D rm;w,fqkd wm rsua f rSmuftcse dx f a d tmif jiif;r&Edi kw f m txift&Sm;ygyJ Asm .../ rsua f rSmuftcse d u f mvrSm aomrwf t,f'q D if&UJ vQyp f pfr;D tvif;a&mifvnf; vif;NrJ vif;aeygw,f/ [ife&Dz' Ydk f wDxi G c f hJ aom armfawmfum;rsm;vnf; rdi k a f ygif;rsm;pGm c&D;wGif aeyg onf/ rmude k \ D aus;Zl;aMumifh rki d y f gif;rsm;pGmu toHrsm;udk tvkyt f udi k f rysuf tpm;taomuf rysuo f c di G& hf aeonf/ vlwdkY\ toufaygif;rsm;pGmudk y,fe,f qvifaq;pGrf;jzifhxufjrufpGm ukoae ygw,f/ *a&[rfbv J \ f tpaumif;jcif; aMumifh qxufym G ;wk;d wufum tuFsD tdyu f yf twGi;f uae qufo, G a f jymqdv k & Ydk aeovdk Adv k c f sKya f tmifqef;\ acgif;aqmif aumif;yD orIaMumifh jrefrmEdi k i f H vGwv f yfq?J vGwv f yf NrJ &Sa d eqJygAsm .../ toD;oD;aom ynm&Siw f \ Ydk tpGr;f aMumihf jzpfxe G ;f vmaom ky0 f wKwdu Yk vlYavmutay: rsm;pGmaumif;usdK;rsm; ay;pGr;f aerSmjzpfovkkd avmb? a'go? arm [ rw&m;rIrsm; yl;0ifuyfNia d eaom tcse d f tcgrsdK;rSmawmh xkdkyf0wK ypnf;rsm;u
vlYavmuudk rD;avmifwkduftwGif;odkY ydkY aqmifay;wwfNy;D nDtpfua kd rmifEr S rdom;pk toGir f S &efot l jzpfukd a&mufapwwfwm owdrl Munfv h sif awGUEdi k r f m S ygAsm/ k y f 0 wKawG taomrowf E d k i f atmif oH;k rukeE f i kd a f tmif <u,f0apumrl avmb rD ; ? a'gorD ; ? arm[rD ; rsm; avmif u Rrf ; jcif ; ud k a wmh xk d k y f 0 wK ypn;f rsm;rS u,frEdi k p f r G ;f r&SE d i dk a f wmhygbl;/ avmb? a'go? arm[ qdw k r hJ ;D awmufrsm;u avmif u Rrf ; cH & ol u d k t&S i f v wf v wf tvif;xJrS tarSmifxo J Ykd qGp J y k , f i l ifac: awmhwmygyJAsm/ a[m'Dvkd tajctaeqdk;rsm;ESifh &ifqdkif aeMu&jcif ; rS vG w f a jrmuf a pEd k i f a om enf;vrf; udk jynf0 h pGmay;Edi k p f r G ;f oluawmh ouf&SdavmuxJrSm wkEdIif;p&mr&Sd twl r&SdaomAk'jrwfpGmyif jzpfygw,f/ Ow&d rEk opmrsm;udk wpfO;D wpf a,mufaomfrS ulnr D r I ygyJ rdru d , kd w f i dk f &SmazGo& d u dS m vl rsm;pGmwdt Yk m; 45 ESpw f i kd f vrf;nTef ay;cha J om Ak'j rwfpm G \ arwmrsm;uawmh uRea f wmfwYkd vlom;rsm;tay: qyfrukef atmif Bu;D rm; pGm wif&a dS eygw,f uRefawmfwdkY vlom;rsm;xHrSm vlY toH;k taqmif ypn;f tvQy H ,fatmif jynfp h kH aeygap? Ak'j rwfpm G \ w&m;*kP& f nf ajcmuf csuE f i S hf udu k n f a D om r*i& f p S y f g;w&m;? opm av;yg;w&m;udk rodrjrifrusifhoHk;aeorQ vlt Y 0ef;t0di k ;f twGi;f rSm touf&i S v f suf b0aoNy;D ? 0#fqif;&Jjcif;rsm; jzifh wkya f ESmif rIrS rvGwa f jrmufEi kd y f ?J oH;k q,fh wpfb[ kH k ac:aom b0yH& k y d a f wGxr J m S wpfbjkH zpf vdu k f wpfby kH suv f u kd E f i S hf wefz;kd &Sa d omol tjzpfrS uif;vGwa f eawmhrm S {uefygyJ Asm .../
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vlqdkaomvl\oabm obm0u rdu k p f &m&Sv d sif wd&pmefxufyif rdu k w f wfNy;D ? aMumufp&mESifh BuHKvmvsifvnf; aep&m r&Sdatmif aMumufwwfwm obm0ygvdkY ajymEdkifayr,fh? aMumufp&mr[kwfwmrSm aMumufaer,fq& kd if b,fvr dk S vGwv f yfjcif; Nir d ;f csr;f jcif;rsm;udk r&Edi k o f vkd trSew f u,f aMumufp&m jzpfaeaomfvnf; qifuef;yrm ZGww f ;kd rdu k v f u kd & f ifawmh tJ'D ol\ tqH;k owfb0uawmh b,fvr dk S rNir d ;f csr;f Edi k ?f r om,mEdi k b f ;l qdw k m {uefygyJAsm .../ 'gaMumifh vlukd vlvjkd rifEi kd u f m vl r[kwa f om vlUqDrm S jzpfwhJ b0rsm;udk rlv vlrS z,f&Sm;EdkifoljzpfcGifh&NyD; touf&Sif
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uRefawmfwdkY[m Ak'bmom ppfppf Ak' bk&m;rSwyg; ud;k uG,& f m r&Sv d Ykd odxm;Mu olawG? t&d, opmrSwyg; ud;k uG,& f mr&Sv d Ykd odxm;MuolawG? t&d,moHCmrSwyg; udk; uG,f&mr&SdvdkY odxm;MuolawG? 'gayr,fh uRefawmfwdkYrSm udk;uG,f0wfjyK&m bk&m; ausmif;r&Sy d g/ uRea f wmf wd\ Yk bk&m;ausmif; awmfudk raumif;qdk;0g;awG NzdKzsufoGm;Mu w,f/ uRefawmfwdkY[m Ak'bmom ppfppf bma&rS a&mpyfraeolawG... bmt,lawGrS uyfNir d aeolawG.. tylawGNidrf;a&; tpOfawG;&if; tjzLxnf vlom;tjzpfrSm w&m;eJo Y m Nir d ;f at;vdMk uolawGyg/ usifhyGm;aqmifzG,f&m r*ifw&m; qdw k m uRefawmfwdkY .. w&m; ... uRefawmfwdkY .. tm; ... 'Dr*ifw&m;udkom usifhyGm;aqmif ygw,f/
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'gayr,fh uRefawmfwdkUrSm... udk;uG,f0wfjyK&m bk&m;ausmif; awmfr&Sdyg/ uRefawmfwdkY[m Ak'bmomppfppf "rpMumw&m;awmfudk tESpf&Sm MunfndKwwfolawG... "rpMumu nTefwJh pGefYypfp&m tpGef;awGudk acG;tefzwfvdkY rSwf,lNyD; tNyD;wdkif pGefYypfNyD;MuolawG jzpfw,f/ "rpMum\ tjrKaw&wem r*if&Spfjzm vrf;nTefajryHktwdkif; orm'd|dr *ifyGm;NyD; 0dZmrsufvHk;wyfcGifh&cJhw,f/ ormouFy r*ifyGm;NyD; 'kwd,tawG;opfrsm; awG;wwfcJhw,f/ orm0gpm r*ifyGm;NyD; Nidrf;csrf;a&;aw;rsm; [pfa<u;EdkifcJhw,f/ ormurE r*ifyGm;NyD; Nidrf;csrf;a&;vrf;rsm; azmufvkyfEdkifcJhw,f/ ormtmZD0 r*ifyGm;NyD; Nidrf;csrf;wJh vlom;rsm; ouf0if&SifoefEdkifcJhMuw,f/ orm0g,mr r*ifyGm;NyD; avmuudk Nidrf;csrf;wJh aeYopfrsm; ay;EdkifcJhw,f/ ormowd r*ifyGm;NyD; avmuudk Edk;Mum;rIeJY Nidrf;csrf;apcJhw,f/ ormorm"d r*ifyGm;NyD; avmuudk bufrvdkufyJ rQwwJhtjrifeJY Nidrf;csrf;apcJhw,f/ 'gayr,fh..uRefawmfwdkYrSm udk;uG,f0wfjyK&m bk&m;ausmif;awmf r&Sdyg/ uRefawmfwdkY[m Ak'bmomppfppf Ak'bk&m;udk tjrifopfeJY MunfndKcGifh&olawG jzpfjzpforQawG[m taMumif;&Sd&SdjzpfyGm;.. csKyfcsKyforQawG[m taMumif;&Sd&Sd csKyfqHk;oGm;... a,"rm a[wkyb0g
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awoH a[wHk wxm*awm..qdkwJh aMumif;usKd;qufoabmw&m;udk em;vnf.. tysuftpD;rsm;eJY zGJUpnf;xm;wJh 'kuw&m; r,lvdkvQif vludk jyifp&mrvdkyg../ tvG,fwul vTwfcsxm;vdkufHkom&Sd../ avmu\ aus;Zl;w&m;wdkYudk pm;oHk;? &Sifoefae&jcif;twGuf uRefawmfwdkY vufrsm;udk aus;Zl;wHkUjyef ay;qyfwwfatmif rjywf oifMum;ay;aeMuw,f../ 'gayr,fh...uRefawmfwdkYrSm udk;uG,f0wfjyK&m bk&m;ausmif;awmfr&Sdyg.../ uRefawmfwdkY[m Ak'bmomppfppf Ak'bk&m;rSwyg; udk;uG,f&m r&SdvdkY odxm;MuolawG? t&d,opmrSwyg; udk;uG,f&mr&SdvdkY odxm;MuolawG? t&d,moHCmrSwyg; udk;uG,f&mr&SdvdkY odxm;MuolawG? 'gayr,fh uRefawmfwdkYrSm udk;uG,f0wfjyK&m bk&m;ausmif;r&Sdyg/ uRefawmfwdkY\ bk&m;ausmif;awmfudk... raumif;qdk;0g;awG NzdKzsufoGm;Muw,f.. Anm;'v - jrefrmjynf
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Time
jrifaomolonf jrifoludkvnf; jrif\/ jrifaomolonf rjrifoludkvnf; jrif\/ rjrifaomolonf jrifoludkvnf; rjrif/ rjrifaomolonf rjrifoludkvnf; rjrif/ [kwy f gw,fb& k m;/ wynfhawmf "r0d[m&D q&mawmfeJY (1999)ckESpfrSm jrO,smOfpdkufysKd;a&;NcH q&mawmfh ausmif;rSm q&mawmfeYJ zl;awGUcGi& hf Ny;D q&mawmfw h &m;awG em&? pum; awG Mum;&? a[mxm;Ny;D aom w&m;tacGawG em&? q&m awmfa&;xm;wJh edAm e'DyeD b,fv?J 0do' kr d *f b,fv?J rdvE d y OSm b,fvJ? bmom w&m;u ay;aom qkvmbf? wPSm&Sif;wrf;ponfh pmtkyfawmfawmf rsm;rsm; zwf&wmaMumifh wynfa h wmf vif;vmygNyD bk&m;/ jrifvmygNyD bk&m;vdYk avQmufxm;&if; uefawmh vdkuf&ygw,f bk&m;/ a&? ajr? awm? awmifawG&JU jzpfwnfyHku pvdkY vlom;awG &yfwnfvmcJhyHk? vlawG pkaygif; nDnw G Mf u&if tm;jzpfaMumif;awG jrif&? vlawG tvkyu f kd cGa J 0vkyu f i kd jf cif;[m vla Y vm u&JU wd;k wufrt I p jzpf aMumif;vnf; jrif&? wd&pmef tcsKd U[m pkaygif;aejcif;jzifh tm;jzpfaMumif; odaomfvnf; tvkyc f a JG 0 vkyu f i kd jf cif; r&S d wd&pmefavmuBu;D wd;k wufrI r&Sw d mvnf; jrif&? vlom;awG[m udk,faexdkif&m a'otvdkuf vlYtoHk;taqmifeJY pm;aomufzG,f&mrsm; cGJa0 vkyfudkifMu&if;&&SdvmwJh tpm;taomufESifh vloHk;ukefypnf;rsm;udk aiGaMu;? ydkufqH Mum;cH tjzpfxm;Ny;D wae&mESihf wae&m urmESUH atmif yda Yk qmif Mu&if; wpfO;D ESihf wpfO;D udi k ;f uRe;f rS?D uRe;f udi k ;f rSq D o kd vdk trSjD yKNy;D wd;k wufr[ I m urm[m &GmygvdYk ajym& avmufatmif vlo Y r*Bu;D ? vlom; uGef,uf BuD;udkvnf; jrifrdygw,f bk&m;/ rdrdwwfuRrf;&m ynmrsm;eJY vlom; avmuBuD;twGuf 0efxrf;ay;ae&jcif;rsm;vnf; jrif&? wdkif;jynftkyfcsKyf rif;vkyfol[m b,fvdkwm0efawG xrf;apNyD; "r0efxrf; jzpfwJh oHCm awG[m "r0efawG b,fvkd xrf;&r,fqw kd mvnf; jrif&? b,ftjrifeYJ vSL'gef;jcif;[m umrukov kd f jzpfapNyD;? b,f vdk tjrifeJY vSL'gef; jcif;om Bud,mrwukodkvfqdkwmvnf; jrifygw,f bk&m;/ b,fvkd vGeu f sL;rIawG[m umr tukov kd jf zpfaMumif;eJY lybm0emyGm;jcif;? tly bm0em yGm;jcif;awG[m b0rS vGwa f Mumif;? rZsr d y#dy'g tv,fvrf; r[kwa f Mumif;vnf; jrif&? a&Smif& rnfh tpGe;f ESpy f g; jzpfaom umrokcvdu mEka,m*vrf;ESihf twuv d rxmEka,m*vrf;rsm;vnf; jrifyg w,f bk&m;/ tpGe;f ESpy f g;eJY NiNd y;D jyKvy k a f ewJh 'gerI? oDvrI? bm0emrIawG[m 'kut jzpf usa&mufaewmudk rSefw,fxifNyD; jyKvkyfaewJh trSm;udk trSefxifaewJh t0dZmudkvnf; q&mawmfea YJ wGUrS odjrif&ygw,f bk&m;/ udavomqdw k hJ t0dZm aMumifh ocFg&qdw k hJ uHve G u f sL;
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jyKrdwmawGvnf; jrif&? vGefusL;NyD; oGm;vQifvnf; vGefusL;NyD;oltjzpf uH&JUtusKd;ay;tjzpf pGx J if use& f pfcw hJ hJ 0dyguftjzpf vGeu f sL;wJu h t H wdi k ;f Ofuyfusec f w hJ hJ todpw d 0 f n d mOf topfyJ qdkwmvnf; jrif&ygw,fbk&m;/ ,Kacwftajymt& OD;aESmufrSm aqmh0Jtopfa&;vdkufw,fayghbk&m;/ vGefusL;wJh uHtwdi k ;f emrfy k [ f mvnf; OfuyfwmeJY wNyKd iw f nf; yifrkye f mrfay:rSm kye f mrftopfvnf; aqmh0Jtopf 0ifoGm; wmvnf; jrifyg w,f bk&m;/ wNydKifwnf;ygyJ bk&m;/ oVm,weqdkwJh tmHk ajcmufyg;jzpfwJh rsufpd? em;? ESm? vQm? udk,f? pdwfawGay:rSm tmHkcH topfawGvnf; 0if vmwmjrifygw,fb& k m;/ tmHc k H ajcmufyg;vH;k pkpnf;od&v dS u kd w f hJ zqdw k mvnf; jrifygw,f bk&m;/ 0dnmOf? emrfy k ?f oVm ,we? zawG&UJ tm; aMumifh a0'emqdw k hJ uHjyKwe k ;f utwdi k ;f cHpm;rIawG pGJusef&pfcJhwmvnf; jrifygw,f bk&m;..../ avQmuf&tHk;r,fbk&m;a0'emawGuvnf; b0ay: vdu k v f Ykd arS;rSe dv f , G w f mvnf; jrif&ovd?k MumMum r&So d vdk tdyfaewmvnf; jrifygw,f bk&m;/ tcsdefumveJY vSKyfEId;wJh tmHkawGaMumifh Edk;vmwJh a0'em awG[m tm;ukew f hJ "gwfcv J y kd J tm;jznfc h siv f mwmvnf; jrifygw,f bk&m;/ 'geJy Y J 'kw, d tBur d f udavomjzpfwJh wPSm? Oyg'gefqdkwJh tpGJaMumifhjzpfwJh b0 qmavmifrIwpfck Edk;xvmNyD; , cif a0'em&cJhbl; odwJhtwdkif; uH ajrmufwJh b0wck jyKawmhwmvnf; jrifygw,f/ b0jzpf awmhvnf; 0dnmOfwdkY? emrfkyfwdkYtwdkif; Zmwd qdkwJh t&SdefeJY emembm0tjzpf jrifhwufoGm;NyD; t&Sdefukefawmh Z&m? r&P qdkwJh 0dembm0tjzpf a0'emawG arS;rSdeftm; avsmhvmwmvnf; jrifygw,fb& k m;/ tBur d f Bur d f b0awG jzpfNy;D ow0gqdw k hJ yHo k @mef wpfcjk zpfaewm jrif&ovd?k 'kuo o H &m puf0i kd ;f Bu;D tjzpf udavom? uH? 0dygufawG wpfcu k kd wpfcp k r JG NDS y;D taMumif;aMumifh tusKd;jzpfae wmvnf; jrifygw,fbk&m;/ 'kuoHo&mvnfjcif; b0jzpfjcif;rsm;udk rjrifbJ? umrukodkvf? umrtukodkvf? lyukodkvf? tlyukodkvfawGjyKaewJh rjrifolawGudkvnf; jrifygw,f/ vlay:rSm oHk;q,fhwpf bHkb0awG rDSNyD; jzpfae wmudkvnf; jrifyg w,fbk&m;/ tprxif oHo&mvdkY ajymaeMu aomf vnf; q&mawmfeJYawGUrS oHo&mtpvnf; jrifyg w,fbk&m;/ tqHk;vnf; odygw,f? jrifyg w,fb& k m;/ 0dygu0#fu povd?k ur 0#fupwmvnf; jrifygw,f? 0dygu0#frm S yJ y,fowf&r,f qdkwmvnf; jrifygw,f bk&m;/ tpkvdkYac:wJh orkwdopm? tpdwfvdkY ac:wJh y&rwopm? q&mawmf xkwfaz:a[m Mum;wJh trIMunhf t&d,opmvJ jrif&vdkY aus;Zl;BuD;vSygw,f bk&m;/ tararG;ay;vdkufwJh rlvcEmay:rSm pGJrSDjzpfyGm;aewJh tewcEm? ty cEmawGr&SdawmhvdkY bk&m;vnf;jrif&? w&m; vnf; jrif&? oHCmvnf; jrif&vdkY 0rf;omyDwd jzpfpGmeJY OD;cdkuf0wfjyKvdkufygw,f "r0d[m&D q&mawmfb& k m;/ rjrifolawG&JU wm;jrpfrIMum;rS tjrefqHk; vGyfvyfygapvdkY vHk;vjyK&if; . . . ./
Time (ariyathitsa@gmail.com)
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vlt Y zGUJ tpnf;twGi;f wGif vlt Y zGUJ 0if wpfa,muftjzpf &J&ifhwifhw,fpGm &yf wnfaexdi k E f i kd z f Ykd twGuq f & kd if vlom;tm; vH;k twGuf pnf;urf;&Sz d v Ykd y kd gw,f/ xdp k nf; urf;uawmh tcsuE f p S c f suf &Sy d gw,f/ yxr tcsuu f awmh vlEi S hf vlcsi;f tay: vGeu f sL; csufjzpfapaom ajym qdkjyKrlpdwfxm;csuf wdu Yk kd a&SmifusOz f Ykd vdk ygw,f/ 0g&dwo v D jzifh jynfp h& kH ygr,f/ usef wpfcsuu f awmh vlEi Sv hf l csi;f tay: &di k ;f yif;ulna D z;r aqmif&u G jf cif; yif jzpfygw,f/ 'guawmh pm&dwo v D jzifh vnf; jynfp h & kH ygr,f/ 'Dae&mrSm pdwx f m;rI t&rf; ta&; Bu;D ygw,f/ tjcm;olwpfO;D tay: ud, k E f i S hf aqGrsKd ; om;csi;f ? q&mwynf?h &yfuu G w f ?l wpfausmif; wnf;xGuf ponfjzifh taMumif; wpfcc k k qufpyfro S m uln& D r,fvYkd pdwx f m; vdr Yk &ygbl;/ tultnDvo kd o l nf vlom;wpf OD;yg/ xdkYenf;wl ulnDay;Edkifoluvnf; vlom;yg/ uREy fk w f Ykd tm;vH;k urmBu;D ay:rSm vlom;tjzpf &yfwnfaexdkifNyD; wdk;wuf aom tawG;tac: rsm;jzifh vlUtzGUJ tpnf; Bu;D cdi k r f mvmjcif;\ t"dutcsuo f nf vl ESihf vlcsi;f ulna D z;r Muvdy Yk g/ oda Yk yr,fh ulno D u l ulnD az;rae Muovdk vlUabmifavmuBu;D xJwi G f ud, k E fi S hf rqdi k o f vdk aexdi k o f E l i S hf zsuq f ;D aomtrIjzifh aexdi k f olrsm;vnf; rsm;pGmawGUae&jcif;onf vlUom;avmuBu;D twGuf tvGer f csr;f
ajrUp&m jzpfyg onf/ uREkfyftoday;vdkaom tcsufrSm yxr vlwef;vTmtjzpf zsuq f ;D aom trIjzifh om aexdi k o f r l sm; jzpfygonf/ xdo k w l o Ykd nf oDv ESpc f sup f vH;k jzifh rjynfp ho kH y l g/ xdo k w l \ Ykd vky& f yfukd vltrsm;pk vufrcHEi kd Mf uwmawmh &Si;f ygw,f/ xdo k w l o Ykd nf 0g&dwo v D (a&Smif oDv)yif rjynfh pHo k r l sm; jzpfygw,f/ 0g&dw oDv rjynfhpHkolwdkYonf b,fvdkenf;ESifhrQ pm&dwo v D rjynfh pHE k i kd y f gbl;/ 'kwd,vlwef;vTmuawmh ywf0ef; usif vlom;tzGUJ tpnf;tay: zsuq f ;D aom vGeu f sL; csur f sm;vnf; rjyKvy k o f vdk az;rul nDjcif; trIvnf; rjyKaom vlwef;pm;awGukd awmh vlom;tzGUJ tpnf;\ tcuftcJonf xdo k w l E Ykd i S hf rqdi k o f vdk aexdi k o f r l sm; tjzpf owfrw S & f rSmyg/ xdu k o hJ Ykd rqdi ko f vda k exdi kr f I jyKolrsm;onf 0g&dwoDv (a&SmifoDv) jzifo h m jynfp h NkH y;D pm&dwo v D (aqmifov D ) csKd U,Gi;f olrsm;jzpfygw,f/'Dae&mrSm taMumif; pyf wpfca k jymvdo k nfrm S Ak'b mom trsm; pk 0gwGi;f ? 0gy aqmufwnfaeMuaom oDv onf 0g&dwo v D (a&Smifov D ) om jzpfyg onf/ Oyrm rcd;k bl;? rowfb;l ? rvdrb f ;l ? ponf jzifh . . . . ./ pm&dwoDvonf rcdk;HkrQr[kwf/ tjcm;ol\Opmudk xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smuf &rnf[k cH,o l nf/ rowf&r kH sS r[kwf tjcm; ol\ touf&n S a f Mumif;trIukd jyKra l exdi k f
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onf/ rvdr f r kH Q r[kw?f vdro f u l kd tjypfEi S hf wuG vrf;Teq f ;kH ronf/ xdkYaMumifh vlom; avmuBuD; wpfckvHk; wwd, vlwef;vTmjzpfaom 0g&dwoDv (a&Smif MuOf&aomoDv)ESifh pm&dwoDv (usio hf ;kH & aomoDv)wdu Yk kd vlom;avmu Nir d ;f csr;f rIukd a&S;INy;D aqmufwnfEi kd y f gap/ aqmuf w nf N yD ; yk * d K vf r sm;onf v nf ; qufvufaqmufwnfEi kd Nf y;D ? raqmufwnf Edi k o f r l sm;vnf; od&e dS m;vnfNy;D aqmufwnf
Edi k f MuygapvdYk today; AsKd U[pfvu kd y f gw,f/ uREkfyf\ oif,lavhvmrIrS&&SdNyD; vuH ,HMk unfaom tawG;pmpk jzpfygonf/
KoTun (http://mandalaygazette.com)
rwlwmawGudk xm;cJhMu&atmifwJhvm;..... aumif;vdkufwJhpum;.... rwlwmawGu bmawGwJhvJ.... raumif;vdkufwJhpum;... ewf,HkoleJY ewfr,Hkol bk&m;ocif,HkoleJY bk&m;ocif r,Hkol.... aemifb0uH ,HkoleJY aemifb0uH r,Hkol...
uJ..... b,f[mawGu wlwmawGvJ.... t[J.... b,f[mawGu rwlwmawGvJ... a[m...awGUNyD rrkef;aMu;... rrkef;aMu;... rrkef;aMu;...
bDvHk;iSuf (maungmoepyar@gmail.com)
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FGFGFGFGFGFGFGFGFGFGFGFGFGFGFGF
uREkfyfarmifaumif;pHonf t*FvefEdkifiH bmrif*efNrdKU ywf0ef;usif xd r f ; od r f ; a&; ynm oif M um;aepOf arol(trnfvTJ) urm&Gwf ae ol ESifh tifwmeufwi G f awGq Y jkH zpfMu\/ t&yfo, G f oG,f tom;ndKnKd Ei S hf olr\ xl;jcm;csur f m S &T e f ; vJ h a wmuf y aom rsuf v H k ; tpH k &S d j cif ; jzpf o nf / pum;ajym&mwG i f at;aq;wnf N id r f p G m ajym wwf o nf / toufoHk;q,f t&G,frQjzpfaomf vnf; bmoma&;pum;rsm;udk av;av;eufeuf ajymMum;wwfygonf/ tndKa&mifa,m*D 0wfpkH udk tNrv J v kd 0 kd wfqifxm;ojzifh olrrSm uREfkyf xuf twefi,f toufBuD;onf[k rSwx f if &onf/ xka Yd Mumihf uREy kf u f olrudk a':arol[k av;av;pm; pm; ac:rdygonf/ olronf oGm;av&mwGif tvSLcH jzwfyi kd ;f pmtkyw f pfty k f ,laqmifvmavh&NdS y;D om oemawmfBuD;twGuf ta&;BuD;aom vkyfief;wpf kaqmif&Guf&ef[k ajymqdkNyD; tvSLcHavh &Sdygonf/ yg0ifvSL'gef;olwdkif; tm;vnf; aemifb0 csr;f om<u,f0Murnf vljzpfvQif vlp Y nf;pdrf ewfjzpfvQif ewfpnf; pdrf cHpm;&rnf[a l om &mZ0ifxr J S 'getusK;d w&m;rsm;udk rarmryef; ajymjywwfygw,f/ tifwmeufrm S jzpfap tjyifavmurSmjzpfap olrESia hf wGU olwi kd ;f rSm olr rarmryef; ajym orQ bmoma&;pum;rsm;udk acgif;Nidrfh
axmufcHMu&onf/ olr txl;ajymavh&Sd onfrSm t"r0g'rsm; BuD;pdk;rvmatmif olr ,HMk unfaom w&m;"rtzGUJ u umuG,f apmifha&Smuf ae&aMumif;jzpfonf/ olrpum;Mum;&olwpfcsKUd u olrudk txifBuD;av;pm;oGm;Muonf/ olrajym orQ trSe[ f k ,lqoGm;Muonf/ olr\ olr ,HkMunfaom w&m;"rtzGJUxHodkY tvSLaiG rsm; xnfh0if vSL'gef;oGm;Muonf/ odkYaomf tcsKUd u xdt k zGUJ onf aemufq;kH ay: ku d p f m;
BuHpnf pnf rSef;q ajymMum;aom wum 0p&pum;rsm; vk H ; 0ryg/ 'd | od ? rsufarSmufod? ukd,fwkdifod? xkd;xGif; odrsm;jzpfonf/ Ak'bk&m;\ w&m; awmfpnf;ESit hf nD a&om; aompmrsm; jzpfonf/ Ak'bk&m;\ pum;oHppf ppfrsm; w&m;oHppfppfrsm; a'oem trS e f r sm;ygaom ]]o' r o k H ; jzm 'ko Yd moem}} pmtkyu f dk 'l;wkyf &Sc d ;dk rdjcif; jzpfygonf/
rsm;omjzpf o nf [ k rS w f c suf j yKMuonf / uREy kf f armifaumif;pHvnf; arolEi S hf tifwm eufwi G f rMumrMumawGjY zpfygonf/ awGw Y i kd ;f vnf; olr\ qEudkvdkufavsmNyD; olraqG; aEG;ajymMum;aom w&m;rsm;udk acgif;Nidrhf axmufca H e&ygonf/ rsm;aomtm;jzifh olr aqG;aEG;onfwu Ykd kd uREy fk p f w d 0 f ifpm;onf [k
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r&Sy d g/ a&SUaemufrnDaom olr\pum;rsm; udkom axmufjya0zefavh &Sdygonf/ waeYwGif olru rEkwbma0g 'kvb m vlt Y jzpf&cJonf? vlt Y jzpfjrwfonf [k tus,& f i S ;f jyygonf/ aemufw&ufwi G f olru vlb Y 0[lonf jzpfaom(Zmwd)qif;&J tda k om qif;&J? aoaomqif;&J? rcspo f E l i S hf wGJ cspfolESifhuGJ &wmrvdk vdkwmr&aom qif;&JwkdYESifh BuHKae&aomaMumifh 'kuwHk; 'kucJBuD;oufouf jzpfonf[k qdkjyefyg onf/ odYk a&SUaemufrnDaom pum;rsm; udk Mum;&aomtcgrsK;d wGif uREy kf r f m S l;csio f vdkvdk jzpfoGm;&ygonf/ avmurSm ig olw yg;? a,mufsm;? rdef;r? yk*dKvf? ow0gqdkwm trSefwu,f t&Sdr[kwf pdwfzefqif;rIrsm; om jzpfonf[k olr ajymqda k om tcgrsK;d wGif uREfkyf rSm rsm;pGm tHhMorifoufcH&ygw,f/ t,ltq rsK;d udo k m vlrsm;vufco H m G ;Mu vQif tazr&S?d t arr&S?d bk&m;r&S?d w&m;r&S?d oHCmr&S[ d k pdw f ouf0if,MkH unfom G ;um avmuBuD; ysufpD;udef; qdkufawmh rnf[k awG;awmylyefaerdygonf/ a':arol vufc, H MkH unfaomw&m; rsm;rSm tb,fjzpfonfudk uREfkyfrodyg/ odkY aomf Ak'bk&m; a[mMum;aom "rpMum w&m;OD; w&m;xl;wGif t,ltqrsKd; vH;k 0ryg onfukd uREy kf f aumif;pGmodygonf/ tjcm;w&m;awmf r sm;wG i f t,l t q rsK;d ygonfqkd vQiv f nf; Ak'b & k m;u ig ?olw yg; ?a,mufsm;? rdef;r tppftrSefwdkYudk ig olwyg; a,musm f ; rde;f r r[kw[ f k ajymonf rsKd; rjzpfEdkifyg/ Oyg'geuEmxkdufaom tpG J y k e f mrf rsm;udo k m ig olwyg; a,musm f; rdef;r r[kwf[k rdefYqdkcJhjcif; jzpfygvdrfhrnf/ odYk uREy kf u f tusK;d taMumif;ESihf axmu
fjya0zefaomtcgrsKd;wGif olr bmwpfckrQ jyefajymavh r&Sdyg/ [kwfrSmygav [laom pum;wpfvHk;omajymNyD; cyfNyHK;NyHK; vkyf aewwfonf/ yDjyifaom? wnfMunfaom tNyHK; r[kwfonfudkum; uREkfyfaumif;pGm odygonf/ odkYaomf uREkfyf \ESvHkom;u ryDjyifaom rwnfMunfaom tNyKH ;udy k if l;rdkufpGm pGJrufaerd jyefyg onf/ olronf jrefrmjynf&Sd emrnfBuD; bm oma&; *kP d ;f Bu;D rsm;udk t"r0g'rsm;[k pGyp f NJG y;D wku d c f u kd c f siw f u kd c f u kd f aewwfonf/ ausmuf o abFmw&m;? ausmufyw kH &m;rsm; b,fyHk rSm;onf[kvnf; ajymcsifajymae wwfonf/ olra0zef rIrv S w G a f om bmom a&;*kP d ;f [l r&So d avmuf jzpfygonf/ "r? t"rukd tb,fpa H ywHEi S hf wki d ;f wmonfukd uREy kf r f odyg/ vlom;wdi k ;f cspjf cif;arwmw&m;ESihf ruif;EdkifMuonfh obm0twdkif; olrESifh uREfkyf\ cifrifrIwGif ESvHk;oHpOf a&GUvsm;rI wpfpw kH &m &Sc d o hJ nfrm S trSey f ifjzpfygonf/ okYd aom f bmom a&; todtjrif t,ltq jcif;um; tNrJvdkvdk rwlnDaom bufwpfck qDrm S &Sa d eMuygonf/ olronf acwfynm wwfwpfOD; jzpfygvsuf bmoma&;udk t aMumif;jyNy;D pD;yGm;&Smaejcif;udk (uREy kf \ f t jrif) vGep f m G pdwy f sur f y d gonf/ w&m; tvif; udk vlom;wdt Yk m; a&mif;pm;jcif;onf vGep f m G &Suf zG,faumif;onf[k cHpm;rdygonf/ olronf uREy kf t f m; ya[Vdrsm;jzifh u vl u sD p ,f a eNyD ; aemuf x yf ya[Vd aygif;rsm;pGm udkvnf; zefwD;aejyefygao; onf/ uREy kf f rodaom wcgrQvnf; rMum;zl; aom ypKyef ur0g' Ak'bmom \ pmtkyf aygif; (20)ausmfudk uREfkyf xHodkY ydkYay;vkduf
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(lionkingmaster@gmail.com)
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ygrusef a&;&mtm;vH;k vlom;tultnD &,lcjhJ cif;aMumihy f ifjzpfonf/ vlonf vlEi S hf uif;uGm raeEdi k ?f uif;uGm aeEdi k o f nf qka d omvlonf vlpOfrrDaomol (wmZH)vdk vlyifjzpfayrnf/ uRef;udkif;rSD? udkif;uRrf;rSD pum;onf tusdK;taMumifhrJhpum;r[kwf? taMumif;tusdK; quf pum;jzpfonf/ vlom;tpnf; rajyzdYk txl;pOf;pm;&ef t"duwpfcsuf jzpfayonf/ vlom;aus;Zl;qyfonfq& dk mwGif awGUorQvt l m;vH;k udk tpm;taomufawG auR; Ny;D vd& k mc&D; xrf;yd& Yk rnfr[kw?f vlrp I ;D yGm;? use;f rma&;? bmoma&; vky& f mwGif rdrE d i S hf ES;D ET,f aeaom vltm;vH;k \b0 rysua f p&ef rdru d , kd ?f EIw?f ESv;kH trSejf zifh qufqa H &;onfyifvsif aus;Zl;qyfjcif; rnfayonf/ vlEi S hf vl qufq& H mwGif toH;k jyKaom ud&, d m oH;k ckrm S ud, k ?f EIw?f ESv;kH yifjzpf onf/ 4if;uky d if aumif;aom (0g) rSef aom uk, d ?f EIw?f ESv;kH ESihf raumif;aom (0g) rSm;aom ud, k ?f EIw?f ESv;kH [l &Sjd yefonf/ rSea f om? aumif; aom ud, k ?f EIw?f ESv;kH onf aqmif&ef jzpfNy;D rSm;aom? raumif;aom ud, k ?f EIw?f ESv;kH onf a&Smif&efjzpfonf/ vlEi S v hf l qufq& H mwGif taumif jrif aygif;jcif;r[kw/ f trIjrif aygif; jcif; jzpf&ayrnf/ Oyrm om;tjzpfrS pGefYypfjcif; r,m; tjzpfrSpGefYypfjcif; wkdYonf taumifjrif aygif;jcif; r[kwf trIjrifaygif;jcif;wkjYd zpfonf/ ud, k o hf m;? r,m; ud, k r hf w d a f qGwynfw h t Ykd m; auR;arG; apmifa h &Smuf ulnD &mwGif ud, k o hf m; r,m;? ud, k r hf w d a f qG? wynhf auR;arG;apmifa h &Smuf ulno D nf[k r,ly?J vlom;tm; auR;arG; apmifh a&Smuf ulno D nf[k rSw, f & l rnf/ vlonf edp' 0 l pm;? 0wf? aea&;twGuf ke;f uef&m S azGaeMu&onf/ aiGonf r&Sr d jzpfaom t&mjzpfonf/ aiG&Sdatmif rvGJraoG &SmazG&onf/ pm;? 0wf? aea&;twGuf tqifajyNyD; aomfvnf; aiG&m S jcif;tvkyf &yfwefr Y oGm;Muay/ wefc;kd *kP& f e dS ?f tmPm? yg0g&Sa d &;twGuf aiGukd tvsm;xd;k &SmMuonf/ w&m;onf? rw&m;onfukd em;rvnf aiG&&Sa d &;oma&SUwef;wifMuonf/ ae&mwGif A[kjd yKjcif;[laom tjcif; t&mwpfck &Sv d monf/ A[kjd yKjcif;qd& k m0,f aiG (0g) ud, k A f [kd jyKjcif;ESihf avmu (0g) vlom;xkA[kd jyKjcif; [l jzpfonf/ Oyrm/ /tpd;k &0efxrf;rsm;xJrS ausmif;q&m^q&mrrsm;qdy k gpd/ Yk q&m^q&mrrsm; tNrw J rf; pdwx f m;&rSmonf ud, k & hf UJ wynfr h sm; pm awmfNy;D bufpa kH wmfNy;D vl&nfcRe?f vl&nfre G f uav; rsm;jzpfatmif BuKd ;pm;Ny;D qH;k ryJjh yif pmoifay;&rSmjzpfonf/ 'grSom tvkyc f i G r f m S aysm f i T f Ny;D wynfa h wGtay: apwemxm; &ma&mufayrnf/ 4if;udy k if avmu (0g) vlom; A[kjd yKjcif; rnf ayonf/ vuke& f uf a&mufvsif aiG[muRu J ;l a&yg&rSm rvGy J gyJ/ oda Yk omf vukef &ufarQmNf y;D aiG&a&; t"du xm;um pmoifvsif wynft h ay:xm;&Sd tyfaom 0w&m;ysuNf y;D tvkyc f i G r f m S raysm f i G f wynfa h wmftay: apwemra&muf tacsmifpm; vljzpfNy;D vlUpnf;tjyifuvl jzpfom G; &ayrnf/ xko d jYkd zpf&jcif;rSm aiG (0g) ud, k A f [djk yK jcif;aMumifh yifjzpfonf/ atmufq;kH aevlwef;pm;xJrS aeYpm; (0g) vjywf vkyi f ef;toD;oD;vky f toufarG; 0rf;ausmif;rI jyKaeMuonfh tvkyo f rm;avmurS vuform;? yef;&H? puft kH vky f 0 kH efxrf;rsm; aemufq;kH v,fuv l ?D ,mulvD tjcm;vufvy k f vufpm; rsm;ygrusef 4if;wkt Ykd m;vH;k onf aeYue k ?f vuke& f ufapmifa h rQmNf y;D aiG (0g) ud, k A f [kjd yKvsif vkyi f ef;&Sit f ay: apwemra&muf vkyi f ef;cGif tay:raysmy f J wm0efrauso?l wm0efrhJ olb0a&mufum vlom;rqefob l 0 a&muf&ayrnf/
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tvky& fi SE fi S hf tvkyo f rm; tjyeftvSef xm;&S& d rnfh wm0ef0w&m;awG ausye G Mf u&ayrnf/ odr Yk o S m vkyi f ef;cGir f m S aysm f i G Nf y;D tvky& f i S t f ay:rSm apwem xm;&ma&mufayrnf/ aiGonf uRu J ;l a& yg &rSmrvGa J y/ ,if;udk avmu (0g) vlom; A[kjd yKjcif; ac:ayonf/ vlom;tmvH;k vdu k e f m& rnfh usix hf ;kH wpf&yf jzpfayonf/ tjcm;ta&mif;t0,f? aps;onf? ukef onf? [if;Guu f efpe G ;f a&mif;oltp qefue k o f nf? qD ukefonf? aTukefonf? ausmufukefonf? tqHk;tm;vHk;aom vlwdkYonf trSefwu,f usio hf ;kH xm;&S& d rnfh aqmiftyfaom avmu (0g) vlom;A[kjd yKjcif;udk vufui kd r f xm;yJ vlo l m; l oao iawrmNy;D a&m qdk ysuu f e d ;f aiG(0g) ud, k f A[dk jyKjcif;jzifh pD;yGm;&SmMuayonf/ b,foa onfh a&S;pum;u taxmuftul jyKaeonf/ uefpe G ;f Gu?f ql;ykw f u G ?f csOa f ygifu G f onfu vnf; udk,fhtusdK;pD;yGm;a&SUIum tpnf; BuD;atmif tdk;tikwfawG twGif;buf xdk;xJh pnf;Muonf/ qefonfuvnf; qefu?JG qefnm ? qefza JG &mvka Yd &m tjcm;tjcm;ukeo f nf awGu vnf; odMuwJt h wdi k ;f ygyJ/ ud, k o hf m;? ud, k r hf ,m;? ud, k p hf ;D yGm;twGuf a&SUwef;wifNy;D aiG (0g) uk, d A f [kjkd yK pD;yGm;&SmMuayonf/ rdra d Mumihf vlo l m;avmu ysuw f mudk rjrif? vlom;rsuE f m S r Munf?h ud, k hf tusKd ;jrif csr;f omrItay:rSm &pfr;l aeMuonf/ vlom;rqef/ avmuzsuo f a l wGom jzpfMu&onf/ vlom;tm;vHk;onf vlUor*jzpfonf/ vlonf or*0ifjzpfonf/ or*wGif pnf;urf;&Sdonf/ or*0ifvlonf or*pnf;vkdufemMu&rnfjzpfonf/ ,ck'Dvdkr[kwfay/ ud, k u hf , kd u f kd or*0if vlwpfa,mufjzpfre S ;f vnf; rod? or*&r dS e S ;f vnf; rod? rodawmh or* pnf;urf; vku d e f m&aumif;rSe;f vnf; rodjzpfum vlUpnf;azmufNy;D vlUavmuBu;D ysup f ;D ude;f qdu k f &ayonf/ a&S;vlBu;D olrwdr Yk w S qifh a&S;ynm&Sd pum;rsm; vufqifu h rf;Mum;emod&c dS i G& hf cJo h nf/ vlom; wdYk wm0ef0w&m;rsm; toD;oD; &Sd cJMh uonf/ rdb0wf? om;orD;0wf? vif0wf? r,m;0wf? q&m0wf? wynf0 h wf? rdwa f qG0wf? tvkyf &Si0 f wf? tvkyo f rm;0wf? [ljzpfonf/ rdru d s&m wm0ef0w&m;awG ausye G jf cif;onf pm&dwo v D jynfp h jkH cif;jzpfonf/ vlom;qefaom vltjzpf xl;xl;jcm;jcm; &&Sjd cif; jzpfonf/ xda Yk Mumifh 'Dru kd a&pD\ tESpjf zpfaom avmuvlom;tm;vH;k vGwv f yf? aysm f i G ?f Nir d ;f csr;f aom vlavmuBu;D &&S& d ef vlom;,Ofaus;rI t&if;tjrpfjzpfaom vlUwm0ef0w&m;rsm; aus yGep f m G xrf;aqmifNy;D vlUor*0ifwpfa,muf tjzpf vlom;tcsi;f csi;f vlom;qefpm G vlom; aumif;usKd ; a&S;I vlqufqH a&;ud&, d m (3) ckjzpfaom vlu Y , kd ?f EIw?f ESv;kH trSeE f i S hf avmu (0g) vlom;A[djk yKjcif;pHepfjzifh tajym? tjyK? taersm;ESihf vla Y vmuBu;D avQmufvr S ;f MuvQif a&S;ya0oPDu vlom;tm;vH;k tvdq k Ejyif;jy pGm &Sc d a hJ om 'Dru kd a&pD (0g) vGwv f yf? aysm f i G ?f Nir d ;f csr;f aom vla Y vmuBu;D &&Sr d m S rvGt J rSef {uefrc k s jzpfayonf/ udo k pm - tnmajr (yoeyoelay735@gmail.com)
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urmhae&mawmfrsm;rsm;rSm tcGifh ta&; awmif;qdo k a H wGukd us,u f s,f avmif avmif Mum;aeMu&w,f/ ESpa f ygif;rsm;pGm MumcJNh yv D Ykd awmifajym&rSm/ vYt l zGUJ tpnf; &,fvkdY jzpfwnfvmuwnf;u 'DvkdtcGifh ta&;awGukd ajymvmcJMh uwmvka Yd wmif xif ygw,f/ bmjzpfvv Ydk q J dk awmhva l wGaygif; zGUJ Ny;D aevmMuwJt h cg tm;enf;ol&UJ tcGihf ta&;udk tm;Bu;D olu uk, d u f sKd ; twGuf toH;k cscMhJ uvdy Yk gyJ/ ausmif;om; tcGihf ta&;? Edi k i f o H m; tcGihf ta&;? awmifov l ,f orm; tcGit hf a&;? tvkyo f rm;tcGit hf a&;? t rsKd ; orD; tcGit fh a&;? uav;oli,ftcGihf t a&;? vGwv f yfpm G ud;k uG,f ,HMk unfci G t hf a&;? vlYtcGifhta&; qdkNyD;awmhyJ twef;tpm;? tpktzGUJ ? vdi?f touftG,?f ponfwu Ykd kd vku d Nf y;D tcGit hf a&; trsKd ;rsKd ;cGjJ cm;cJMh u w,f/ tJ'DtzGJUtpnf;xJrSm&SdwJh acgif; aqmifrI tcef;u@rSm yg0ifMuwJh vlawG tJ'D tcGifhta&;awG &&Sdatmif (odkY) r aysmufysua f tmif wku d y f GJ awG 0ifcMhJ uw,f/ wcsKd Uqd& k if td;k aMuaMu? ta&cef;cef;? pD;yGm; ysuy f su?f toufaoaoqkNd y;D ay;qyfchJ Mu wJh olawG? ay;qyfaeMuqJ vlawG &Sy d g w,f/ olw& Ykd UJ pGev Yf w T r f a I wGukd vspv f sL Ixm;zkYd roifhbl;qdkwmvnf; trSefygyJ/ olwdkYw awG&UJ pGev Yf w T r f I awGaMumifh olwu Ykd , kd p f m;jyK wJh tzGUJ tpnf;u vlawG b,favmuftxd tcGit hf a&;awG &&Sc d MhJ uovJ/ ppfre S w f t hJ
cGit hf a&;? jynf0 h wJh tcGit hf a&;? vHNk cKH whJ tcGihf ta&; [kwc f MhJ u&JUvm;/ tzGUJ tpnf;&JU tcGihf ta&; rqH;k H;I &atmif tzGUJ tpnf;0ifw& Ykd UJ wpfO;D csi;f tcGit hf a&;awG b,favmuf qH;k H;I ay;qyf vku d Mf u&ovJ/ tcGit hf a&;awG udk rqH;k I;H &atmif usaemfww Ykd awG bmvkyf Mf urvJ/ tcGit hf a&;qkw d m awmif;,lvv Ykd nf; r&bl;/ wku d , f v l v Ykd nf; r&bl;/ arwmydYk qkawmif;,lvv Ykd nf; r&bl;/ bmrQrvkyy f J ae vdYk vnf;r&bl;/ tu,f awmif;,lvYkd & cJ& h ifawmif wnfNrw J hJ tjrKawuswhJ tcGihf ta&; jzpfvmrSm r[kwb f ;l / ay;qyfoa l wG&UJ pGev Yf w T v f u kd & f wJh taoG; tom;awGeYJ nDrQ wJh tcGifhta&;rsdK; jzpfvmrSm r[kwfbl;/ ppfre S w f hJ tcGit hf a&;udk &zdt Yk wGuf ud, k u f wm0efudkausyGefatmif xrf;aqmif&r,f/ wm0efudk ausyGefatmif xrf;aqmif&if xrf;aqmifoavmuf tcGit hf a&; awGvnf; &vm rSmyg/ vlt Y zGUJ tpnf;twGi;f rSm aexdi k Mf u wJh vlom;tm;vH;k rSm wm0efawG toD;oD; &SMd uwmyg/ wm0efukd tMurf;zsi;f tm;jzifh ESpf rsKd ; ESpp f m; cGjJ cm;vd& Yk w,f/ (1) apmifp h nf;&rnfh wm0ef? (2) apmifa h &Smuf&rnfh wm0ef yxr trsdK;tpm;wm0efu uRef awmfwdkY vlom;awG rvkyf& vdkY wm;jrpf xm;wJh t&mawGukd apmihp f nf; &rnfh wm0ef/
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tJ'gawGu uRea f wmfwYdk a&Smif &Sm; oifw h maygh/ 'kw, d trsKd ;tpm; wm 0efu uRea f wmfwv Ykd o l m;awG vkyu f kd vky& f r,fvYkd owfrw S f xm;MuwJht&mawGukd apmifh a&Smuf&rnfh wm0ef/ tJ'gawG uuRef a wmf w k d Y aqmif G u f usio fh ;kH oifw h maygh/ 'gaMumifh vlom;wpfOD;pDwkdif; wpfOD;pD
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wdkif;rSm a&Smifp&mwm0efeJY aqmifp&m wm0ef&,fvdkY ESpfrsdK;&Sdw,f/ a&Smifp&mudkvnf; tjynft h 0a&Smifjcif;tm;jzifh wm0ef ausr,f/ aqmifp&mudv k nf; tjynft h 0 aqmifjcif;tm;jzifh wm0efausr,fq& kd if ud, k q hf u D kd tJ'w D m0efeYJ nDrQwhJ tcGihf ta&; awG a&muf&v dS mrSmrvGy J / J a&Smifp&m wm0efuvnf; oH;k rsKd ;&Sjd yef w,f/ (1) ud, k t hf cGit hf a&; yd& k csiw f hJ twGua f Mumihf olwyg; tcGit hf a&;udk xdcu kd e f pfemapr,fh vkyi f ef;? (2) ud, k t hf cGit hf a&; yd& k csiw f hJ twGua f Mumifh ulnr D v I y k i f ef;? (3) wm0efuv kd nf;rod? tcGihf ta&;udv k nf; rod? bmqkb d mrS r,fr,f&& rodatmifaewJh vkyi f ef;/ 'Dvy k i f ef;oH;k ckukd vlom;rSeo f rQ a&SmifMuOf&r,f/ 'gayr,fh vlom;rSeo f rQ eD;yg;vnf; 'Do;kH ckxr J m S yJ 0JvnfcwfaeMuwmyJ/ b,foa l oao iawrmNy;D a&m qdNk y;D vkya f ewJh ud, k u f sKd ; Munfo h rm;&,f/ aemifwcse d c f se d f uk, d t hf wGuf tusKd ; &Sv d mvdrr hf ,fvYkd ,HMk unfNy;D ay;urf;? uln?D aumif;rIvy k a f eMuwJh ud, k u f sKd ; pGeo Yf rm;&,f/ aumif;rIuv kd nf; tav;rxm; raumif;rIukd vnf; tav;rxm;wJh vspv f sLSLorm;&,f/ 'gyJ&dS Muwmyg/ vUltzJUG tpnf;0ifvo l m; a&Smif&r,fh vkyi f ef; oH;k rsKd ; teufu ....... yxrqH;k a&Smif&rSmu-tcGit hf a&;ydv k c kd siw f t hJ wGuf olwyg; tcGit hf a&; xdcu kd a f pr,fh vkyi f ef; yJ/ tcGit hf a&; yd, k w l m[m cHpm;csut f & aumif;ygw,f/ 'Dvkd cHpm;csut f & aumif;wmukd vlawGu vdc k sif Muw,f/ 'gaMumifh tcGit hf a&;yd, k w l m[m aumif;w,fvYkd olwYkd xifMuw,f/ ywf0ef;usiu f tJ'v D kd vkya f eus&w dS hJ vlawG&UJ vky& f yfawGukd tm;usrw d muwpfaMumif;? cHpm;csuy f kd ,lcz hJ ;l vdYk om,mrdcw hJ mu wpfaMumif;wda Yk Mumifh uRea f wmfwr Ykd m S tcGit hf a&;awG ydv k c dk siMf uw,f/ 'ghaMumifh uRefawmfwdkYu tjcm; vlawGudk epfematmifjyKMuw,f/ tjcm;vlawG&JU touf td;k tdrp f nf;prfawGukd ysup f ;D emusia f prI? tjcm;ol&UJ ypn;f udt k acsmif,r l ?I tjcm;ol&UJ umrudk tacsmif,r l ?I tjcm;olukd vdrv f nfvn S jhf zm;rI? pwmawGukd jyKvy k Mf uw,f/ tJ'v D v kd y k f vku d w f hJ tcg tJ'D vky& f yfu vkyo f l (uRea f wmfw) Ydk &JU OD;aESmufxr J m S Of uyfom G ;w,f/ tJ' D Ofuyf oGm;Nyq D & kd if 'Dv[ l m aemiftcg ajymp&m&S& d if jzpfjzpf? jyKp&m&S& d ifjzpfjzpf? rsuE f m S ayguf csKd ;p&m
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&S& d ifjzpfjzpf? tJ' D Oftay: tajccHNy;D olwyg; epfematmif vkyw f mrsKd ;ukd xyfNy;D usL;vGef rdO;D rSmyJ/ 'Dva kd wG vkyz f efrsm;vmwJt h cg 'Dv& l UJ tjzpf[m qd;k Gm;vmr,f/ ol& Y UJ vky& f yfaMumifh vlt Y zGUJ tpnf; Bu;D acsmarGUrIawG ysup f ;D &awmhw,f/ vltzGUJ tpnf;0if vlom;awG a&Smif&r,fh 'kw, d a&Smifp&mu tcGit hf a&; ydv k c kd siw f hJ twGuf aumif;rI aumif;&mawGudk vkyfjcif;yJ/ 'Dvkyf&yfuvnf; aumif;rI aumif;&mrdkYom aumif;w,fvYkd xif&ayr,fh ol& Y UJ &nf, G c f suu f tcGit hf a&; ydv k c dk siv f y Ydk / J 'gaMumifh ol[m aumif; rI? aumif;&mudk yrmPtrSet f wdi k ;f rvkyE fi kd a f wmhb;l / ydv k e Gw f mawGvnf; &Sv d mvdrr hf ,f/ vkw d mawGvnf; &Sv d mvdrr hf ,f/ 'Dvv kd y ka f eus&w dS hJ ywf0ef; usir fm S usiv f nf&Ny;D Tejf ycH&&ifjzpfjzpf? ,cif vkyc f z hJ ;l wmtay: auseyftm;&&if jzpfjzpf? 'Dvy k & f yftay: uRea f wmfwu Ykd taumif;xif vmr,f/ taumif;xifvYkd 'Dvy k& f yfukd ydo k nfjzpfap? vko d nfjzpfap? uRea f wmf wkYd vkyMf uawmhr,f/ 'Dvy k & f yfuvnf; olwpfyg; epfemapwJh vky& f yfvy dk J jyKoq l r D m S Oftjzpfuyfusef aew,f/ 'ghaMumifh uRea f wmfw& Ydk UJ vlawGtay: wkejYf yefykH uk, d ?f EIw?f ESv;kH awG[m tJ' D Oftwdi k ;f yJ qufqH awmh w,f/ uRea f wmfw& Ykd UJ 'Dvy k & f yfukd avmu twGuf tusKd ;jzpfxe G ;f apovm;qdw k mudk avhvm qef;ppfMunfh Mu&atmifAsm/ aumif;rI awG vkyw f myJ bmraumif;p&m &Sr d m S vJvYkd vlawmf awmfrsm;rsm;u ajymMur,fAs/ 'gayr,fh odoa l wG uawmh 'gawGukd Iwc f saeMuwmudk urmrSm avhvmMunfh &if awGUEdi k r f m S yg/ Oyrm cde k w D & Ykd UJ vSL'gef;rIawG/ 'Dvy k & f yf[m avmuBu;D udk tusKd ;rjyK Edi k b f ;l / jyKco H a l wG tusKd ;jzpfxe G ;f ava,mif &Sa d yr,fh aumif;rIaumif;&mawGvy k w f hJ uRefawmfwdkY&JU r[kwfr[wf ulnDrIawGaMumifh olwdkYawG&JU pm&dweJY t&nf tcsif;awG usqif;vmw,f/ tacsmifpw d a f wG arG;vmr,f/ tysi;f xl vmr,f/ 'gaMumifh 'Dvy k & f yf[m vlt Y zGUJ tpnf;Bu;D udk tusKd ;,kwa f pw,fvYkd ajym&r,f/ vlt Y zGUJ tpnf;0ifvo l m;awG a&Smif&r,fh wwd,a&Smifp&mu tcGit hf a&;uda k &m wm0efua kd &m rodatmifvy k jf cif;yJ/ uRea f wmfw[ Ykd m tcGit hf a&;udo k & d if tcGit hf a&;rSm jiif; qefcsiw f mawGeYJ vkc d siw f mawG ay:vmr,f/ jiif; qefcsiw f mawGeYJ vkc d siw f mawGjzpfvm&if 'gawGukd tajccHNy;D ckp d ;D wmawG? zsuq f ;D wmawG? zdp;D wmawG? vGeNf y;D ulnw D mawG? vmbfx;kd wmawG? tvdv k u kd w f mawG? ajrm ufpm;wmawG? rsuE f m S csKd aoG;wmawG? pwmawGjzpfvmr,f/ 'gqd& k if vlt Y zGUJ tpnf;Bu;D uarmufurawG jzpfr,f/ olw' Ykd v D jkd rifMuw,f/ 'gaMumifh tcGihf ta&;qdw k mudk rodatmifeYJ r&da S tmifawG jzpfatmif BuKd ;pm;Muw,f/ wm0efuv kd nf; 'Dvy kd / J rodatmifeYJ r&Sa d tmif vkyMf uw,f/ wm0efeYJ tcGit hf a&;udk rodatmifvy k r f S wm0efeYJ tcGihf ta&;aMumifh jzpfay:vm&wJh ckdpD;rIawG? zdpD;rIawG?vGefNyD;ulwmawG? rsufESmcsdKaoG;wmawG? pwmawGudk rvkyfrdrSmvdkY 'DvkdawG;rdw,f/ wm0efudkodzdkY wm0ef,loludkvnf; od&r,f/ wm0eft,lc& H oluv kd nf; od&vdrr hf ,f/ wm0ef,o l r l m S rdre d YJ qufqo H a l y: vkyp f &m ESpc f y k & Jw dS ,f/ zsuw f meJY ay;wmyJ/ zsuw f mu raumif;wmrSe;f tm;vH;k odw,f/ ay;wmvnf; a&SUuajymcJh wJa h y;enf;um;[m raumif;bl;vkYd odw,f/ tJovdo k a d wmh 'DEp S r f sKd ;u vGwa f tmif b,fvv dk y k f
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rvJaygh/ wm0efudkrod jzpfatmif vkyfMuw,f/ 'DvdkeJY olwdkY[m wm0efudkvnf; rod? tcGit hf a&;udv k nf; rodjzpfMu&w,f/ wu,fawmh vlt Y zGUJ tpnf;0if vlom;u wpfO;D wnf; &yfwnfaevkYd r&bl;/ tJ'DvlawGukd wpfckavmufawmhajymcsifw,f/ vl Y tzGUJ tpnf;0if tjcm;vl vluo kd m tusO;f csxm;vkYd &csi& f ygvdrr hf ,f/ t,ltq awGeJY qufqHaygif;oif; uda k wmh b,faomtcgrS tusO;f csvYdk r&ygbl;/ t,ltq ae&w,f/ qufqHwJhtcg wpfcu k kd acszsuc f siw f ,fq& kd if 'DxufyNkd y;D vlom;awGukd bmeJq Y ufqo H vJ/ 'Dwm0ef tusKd ;jyKwJh vlom;awGeYJ qDavsmo f ifjh rwfwhJ t,ltq &,f tcG i f h t a&; wpfckeJUom tpm;xdk;oifhygw,f/ zdEdSyfcsKyfjc,frIeJYawmh &,fqw kd mawGey YJ J qufqMH u b,ft,ltqrS aysmufu, G o f m G ;d;k xH;k pH r&Sy d gbl;/ & wmyg/ igu b,fol Yudk bmay;r,f/ bmray;&bl;/ b,foq lY D u bm,lr,f/ bm r,l&bl;/ bmvky& f r,f/ bmrvky& f bl;/ pojzifh awGaygh/ 'Dwm0efeYJ tcGit hf a&;qdw k hJ ESpc f y k J &Sw d m rSm 'gudr k od&if vlev YJ l qufqr H I rajrmufb;l / vleUJ vl qufqr H I rajrmuf&if vlu txD;usea f er,f/ vlev YJ c l si;f qufqr H S t"dyg ,f&w dS hJ vlom;[m vlev YJ c l si;f qufqa H &;rSm r&Sr d jzpfwhJ 'Dwm0efeYJ tcGit hf a&;udk rod&if bmqdb k mrS rodwhJ olvYdk ajym&r,f/ bmrSrodwmudv k nf; olu auseyfw,f/ 'guyJ Nir d ;f csr;f rI? at;Nir d ;f rIvYdk xifNy;D 'gudz k uf wG,x f m;w,f/ vl[m txD;useq f efNy;D bmrSrodwhJ vlwpfa,muf[m vlt Y zGUJ tpnf;twGuf bmtusKd ;jyKrm S vJaygh / vl[m ud, k a hf jcaxmufay:udk &yfwnfEi kd p f r G ;f tm; r&Sc d ifu vlY tzGUJ tpnf;pDuae tcGit hf a&;awGukd tjynft h 0,lcNhJ y;D Nyy D / J ud, k a hf jc axmufay: uk, d & f yfwnf Edi k w f t hJ cg wm0ef a&m tcGit hf a&;yg rQwpGm xrf;aqmifEi kd p f r G ;f &Sw d t hJ cgrSmrS vltzGUJ tpnf;udk tusKd ;rjyKEi kd o f [ l m vlt Y zGUJ tpnf;twGua f wmh trIu d y f / J vlYtzGJUtpnf;twGuf trIdufrjzpfatmif uRefawmfwkdYwawG vkyfaqmifoifhwJh wm0efuawmh wpfck wnf;yJ&y dS gw,f/ tJ'guawmh wm0efet YJ cGit hf a&;udk rQwpGm,lwwfjcif;yJ/ wm0efukd aqmifu G w f m[m tcGit hf a&; vdc k siv f Ykd vky& f rSmvnf; r[kw& f bl;/ aMumufvYkd vky& f rSmvnf;r[kw& f bl;/ rodE;kd em;eJY vky& f rSm vnf; r[kw& f bl;/ olwyg;vkyv f Ydk vdu k v f y k f &rSmvnf; r[kw& f bl;/ uk, d u f vlom; wpfa,muftjzpf &yf wnf&i So f efaexki dE fi kd z ft Ykd wGuf tjcm;vlawGqu D tcG i f h t a&;awG u k d oH k ; aqmif cH p m;vmcJ h w myJ / tJ ' D v k d cH p m; oH k ; aqmif c J h v k d Y tG,u f av;a&mufvmNy;D wm0efawGukd xrf;aqmifEi kd f avmufatmif tifawGtm;awG jzpfvmNy/ D tJ't D cg ud, k t f &ifu cHpm;cJw h hJ tcGit hf a&;awGa&m tck ud, k f cHpm;aewJh tcGit hf a&;awGa&mudk aus;Zl;wkefYjyefaomtm;jzifh aqmifoifhwJh wm0efrSeforQudk b,fvkd tcuftcJyJ&Sd&Sd ausye G a f tmifxrf; aqmif&rSmaygh/ 'g[m vlom;awG rjzpfrae xrf;aqmif&r,fw h m0efawGy/ J
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uk, d u f wm0efawGux kd rf;aqmifvu dk & f if wm0efeo YJ ifa h vsmw f hJ tcGit hf a&;awGuvnf; a&mufvm rSmyJ/ tcGit hf a&;awG? &ydi kc fi Ga hf wG enf;w,fvx Ykd if&if tJ'g ud, k b hf ufu b,fwm0efawG ausye Gz f Ydk vka d eovJqw kd m Munf& h r,f/ avmuBu;D uawmh wm0efeYJ nDrQwhJ tcGit hf a&;awGukd ay;rSmyJ/ tJ't D cGit hf a&;awGukd &,lcp H m;wmudv k nf; aemufxyfaemufxyfaom wm0efawG udk 'Dx h ufru xrf;aqmifEi kd z f y Ykd gyJ/ 'Dt,ltqawGu "r0[ d m&Dq&mawmf bk&m;Bu;D a[mMum;wJh w&m;awmfawGtay: usaemfjrifwJh twdkif;a&;om;ylaZmfjcif;yJjzpfygw,f/ vlom;awGtay: aus;Zl;qyfzdkY wm0ef awG&a dS Mumif; txyfxyf tcgcgajymcJw h hJ q&mawmf? vlom;awGtm;vH;k vlrsKd ;? bmom? tom; ta&mif raG;? Nir d ;f csr;f pGm twl,O S f wGa J exdi ka f &;twGuf tcse d& fo dS a[majymaewJq h &mawmfukd t,ltqrwloa l wGu tusO;f csxm;Muw,f/ tJ'v D a l wGudk wpfca k vmufawmhajymcsiw f ,f/ vluo kd m tusO;f csxm;vk& Yd csi& f ygvdrr hf ,f/ t,ltquda k wmh b,faomtcgrS tusO;f csvYdk r&ygbl;/ t,ltqwpfckudk acszsufcsifw,fqdk&if 'DxufydkNyD; vlom;awGudk tusdK;jyKwJh vlom;awGeYJ qDavsmo f ifjh rwfwhJ t,ltqwpfce k UJ om tpm;xd;k oify h gw,f/ zdEy Sd c f sKyjf c,f rIea YJ wmh b,ft,ltqrS aysmufuG,foGm;dk; xHk;pHr&Sdygbl;/ ordkif;rSmvnf; zdESdyfcsKyfjc,frIaMumifh t,ltqawG aysmufuG,froGm;cJhygbl;/ txl;ojzihf vlom;tusdK;jyKwJh t,ltqawG[m ydNk y;D aysmufu, G f ;kd xH;k pHr&Sy d gbl;/ opmusus? tjrKawusus t&mawG[m ydv k a Ykd wmifrS aysmuf uG,o f m G ;zdYk tcuftcJwumh tcufcq J ;kH jzpfw,fqw kd mudk odjrifr& d if; q&mawmf Si f P&JU pde& f wk ylZmtm; tav;tjrwfxm; a&;om;ylaZmfvu kd & f ygownf;/ /
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bk&m;wynfhawmfwdkYvnf;yJ 'DNidrf;csrf;a&;w&m;rsm;udk &&SdcHpm;vdkMuygw,fbk&m;/ 'g ayr,fvdkY bk&m;wynfhawmfwdkYrSm t&Sifbk&m;vdk wpfudk,fwnf;orm;awG r[kwfygbl; rdb? bd;k bGm;? om;r,m; pwJo h a l wGeYJ pkaygif;aexdi k Nf y;D oumv jyKz, G u f p d a wGvnf; renf;Muygbl;/ pm;0wfaea&;udkvnf; vHk;yef;aeMuygw,f/ &yfa&;&Gma&;udkvnf; o,fydk;aeMuygw,f/ wdi k ;f a&;jynfa&;udv k nf;yJ xrf;aqmifaeMu&ygw,fb& k m;/ td. k . Nir d ;f csr;f a&; w&m;udk jzefa Y 0ol "r0d[m&DoQifP bk&m;wynfhawmfwkdYrSm jrefrmvlrsdK;awGcsnf;vnf; r[kwfMuygbl;? wkwfvlrsdK;? t*FvdyfvlrsdK;? tar&duefvlrsdK;? csif;? u&if? ucsif? &Srf;? rGef? &cdkifvlrsdK;rsm; ponfwdkY jzpfMuygw,fbk&m;/ tdk.. Nidrf;csrf;a&; w&m;udk jzefYa0ol"r0d[m&DoQifP? bk&m;wynfhawmfwdkYrSm "r0d[m&DwkdYvdk wpfudk,fwnf;raeMuvdkU rdb? bdk;bGm;? om;r,m; pwJholawGeJU a&m,Suf aexkdifMuvdkY 'DNidrf;csrf; a&;w&m;rsm;udk r&&Sdawmhbl;vm;bk&m;/ Nidrf;csrf;a&;qdkwm vlwef; pm;tedrfh tjrifhcGJjcm; xm;ao;ovm;/ bk&m;wynfhawmfwkdYvdk wkwfvlrsdK;? t*Fvdyf vlrsdK;? tar&duefvlrsdK;? csif;? u&if? ucsif? &Srf;? rGef? &cdkifvlrsdK; pwmawG r&aumif; wJht&mvm; bk&m;vdkY avQmufxm;vdkufawmh......... q&mawmf / /r[kwfbl;'umBuD;.. r[kwfbl;.. Nidrf;csrf;a&;qdkwm &[ef;omr aPawG wpfudk,fwnf; orm;awG jrefrmawGtwGuf oufoufr[kwfbl;? Nidrf;csrf;a&;qdkwm vlwef;pm;tedrfhtjrifh rcGJjcm; vlom;rSeforQ &&SdcHpm;tyfwJh t&momjzpfw,f 'umBuD;vdkY ajymvdkufawmh/
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Nir d ;f / / 'DvdkqkdvQif bk&m;wynfhawmfwkdY vdkufemusifhoHk;&r,fh 'DNidrf;csrf;a&; w&m;rsm;udk a[mMum; nTefjyawmfrlygbk&m;vdkY avQmufxm;vdkufygw,f/ q&mawmf / / tdk..'umBuD; OD;oef;Nidrf;eJY 'g,dumrtaygif;wdkY oifwdkY[m rdb? bdk;bGm;? om;r,m; pwJholawGudk rjyKpk? rvkyfauR;Mu&if rapmifha&SmufMuvQif olwdkUqif;&JMurvm;/ csrf;om Murvm; ... Nidrf; / /rSefvSyg qif;&JMurSmygbk&m; ... q&mawmf / /olwkdYqif;&JMu&if oifwkdYuaum qif;&JMurvm;/ csrf;omMurvm; ... Nidrf; / /olwdkYeJYxyfwlqif;&JMurSmyg bk&m; ... q&mawmf / /at;..'gaMumifh oifwdkY[m oifwkdY&JUrdb? bdk;bGm;? om;r,m; pwJholawG tay:rSm 0w&m;awGysuu f u G v f Ykd usa&mufvmr,fh ab;'kuu kd jywfjywfom;om; oabmayguf odjrifMu? 0w&m;awG jynfhjynfh00 vkyfauR;Mu? 'DvdkqdkvQif oifwkdYtvdk&Sdygw,fqdkwJh Nidrf;csrf; a&;udk csufcsif; vufiif;&&SdrSm trSefwu,fjzpfw,f 'umBuD; ... tdk..'umBuD;? OD;oef;Nidrf;eJY 'g,um?'g,dumr taygif;wdkY oifwkdYudkwyg;ol awGuvma&muf owfjzwfMur,f? ESy d p f ufMur,f? oifw& Ydk UJ ypn;f OpmawGukd cd;k 0Suv f k ,ufMu r,f? oifwdkY&JU om;r,m;awG udk vGefusL;apmfum;Mur,fqdkvQif oifwdkYcHEdkifMurvm; ... Nidrf; / /rcHedkifMuygbk&m; ... q&mawmf / /at; rw&m;rIqw kd m vlom;wdi k ;f b,for l S rESpo f ufMuwJt h jyif tjyKc& H olu jyKol tay: b,fvr dk sm; jyefvnfwe k jYf yefvmvdrr hf vJ/ w&m;Oya'eJjY zpfjzpf? rw&m;wJh enf;eJy Y jJ zpf jzpf jyefvnfwe k jYf yefvmvdrr hf ,f/ tJ' h t D cg qif;&JMurvm; .. csr;f omMurvm;... Nidrf; / /rSefvSyg qif;&JMurSmygbk&m;... q&mawmf / /at;..'gaMumifh jyKoa l &m cH&olyg ESpo f ufauseyfei kd r f ,fh jyKra l jymqdk Mup H nf rIawGudk avhusifhyGm;rsm;Mu/ pm;0wfaea&; vHk;yrf;&if; &yfa&;&Gma&; o,fydk;&if;? wdkif;a&; jynfa&; xrf;aqmif&if;eJY vlom;tcsi;f csi;f aygif;oif;qufqMH uwJt h cg rw&m; wmawGa&Smif? w&m;wmawG aqmifxm;Mur,fqdkvQif oifwdkYtvdk&Sdygw,fqdkwJh Nidrf;csrf;a&;udk csufcsif; vufiif; &&SdrSm trSefjzpfygw,f 'umBuD;.. tdk......'umBuD; OD;oef;Nidrf;eJY 'g,um 'g,dumrtaygif;wkdY - um, 'Gg& aygufu0ifvmwm rodwJh t0dZm/ - 0pD 'Gg& aygufu0ifvmwm rodwJh t0dZm/ - raem 'Gg& aygufu0ifvmwm rodwJh t0dZm/ - 'ku t&d,opmudk rodwJh t0dZm/ - 'ku ork', t&d,opmudk rodwJh t0dZm/ - 'ku eda&m" t&d,opmudk rodwJh t0dZm/ - 'ku eda&m" *grded y#dy'g t&d,opmudk rodwJh t0dZm/
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- Oyg'g euEmudk rodwJh t0dZm/ - uHeJY 0dygwf qufyHkudk rodwJh t0dZm/ - tpGef;ESpfyg;udk rodwJh t0dZm/ - umr? ly? tly udky,f&aumif;rSef; rodwJh t0dZm/ - vl&JUcEmudk,fwGif;rSm 'ku oHo&mvnfyHkudk rodwJh t0dZm/ - udavo0#f ur0#f 0dygu0#f? 0#f'ku oHo&mvnfyHk jywfyHk &yfyHkudk rodwJh t0dZm/ - orkwdopm y&rwopm t&d,opmudk ydkif;jcm;rodwJh t0dZm/ - taumifeJY trIudk cGJjcm;rodwJh t0dZm/ - t0dZmjzpf&wJh taMumif;t&if;udk rodwJh t0dZm/ - 'kucyfodrf;at;Nidrf;csrf;omonf\tjzpf oEdokcudk rodwJh t0dZm/ - udavom tmo0wdkYrS vGwfajrmufjcif; 0drkwdudk rodwJh t0dZm/ - ig;0 tmkH umr*kPfwdkYrS trSDtcdkuif;jcif; ed&Pudk rodwJh td0dZm/ - t0dZmrSm;? rdpmorm;awG rjzpfMuygapeJY/ ed*Hk;csKyf csKyf / / t0dZmudky,f? 0dZme,fu trSefodol kd;om;ajzmifhrwfoljzpfMu vlUt jzpftysuf t&d ,opmudk ydi k ;f jcm;xifxif odjrifNy;D oumv ypKye u f r0g' Ak'b momudk atmufq;kH omrnyk*Kd vr f sm; jzpfMu Ny;D ? tvwfomrnyk*Kd v?f tqift h jrifq;kH omrnyk*Kd vx f ;l yk*dKvfjrwfrsm;jzpfMuygapawmh[k qEjyKvQuf Nidrf;csrf;a&;ylaZmfpmwrf; jzifh *kPfjyKylaZmf uefawmhvdkuf&ygawmhonf/ "r0d[m&D toQifoljrwfbk&m;/ qErGef / / pepf&Sdjcif;? pnf;urf;&Sdjcif;? nDnGwfjcif; w&m;od w&m;&Sdjcif;? w&m;0efxrf;rsm; jzpfMuygapaomf/ oef;Nidrf; (y0g&Pm) (ariyathitsa@gmail.com)
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tavmb - avmb ta'go - a'go tarm[ - arm[ okpdkuf - 'kpdkuf r*Fvm - tr*Fvm orm - rdpm "r - t"rvdkY qefYusifbufw&m;wkdY&Sd 'DtodESifh ,SOfMunfh w&m;\qefYusifbufpum; w&m;yJjzpfwmayghAsm Munhfav&m jrifav&m BuHKav&mrSm ajymMuwmawGurw&m; jyKMuwmawGu rw&m; aeMuwmawGu rw&m; rw&m;rIawG txyfxyf vl o m;awG t ouf S L Muyf N yD aygh/ rw&m;rIrsm; vlom;awG 'ku/ rw&m;rIyg; vlom;awG eda&m " .../ 'D uHtrSm;awG 'D uH rw&m;awGudk qefYusifvdkY us aemfwYdk ypKye u f r0g'Drsm;ajym vsif rw&m;\qefYusif buf jyKvsif rw&m;\qefu Y sib f uf taeawGrw&m;\qefu Y sib f uf
odaewJh w&m;&SifawGyJ 'gudkyif wGufcsifh tajzSm odNyD;wJh w&m;&SifawGyJ "rpMumw&m;OD;a'oemrSm (5) jzm y0*DawGudk a[mumjy yGm;NyD;aewJh w&m;&SifawGyJ (1) orm0gpm (1) ajymvsif (2) ormurE rw&m;\qefYusifbuf (3) ormtmZD0 'goDvr*if (3) yg;jzpfoAsmh (2) jyKvsif rw&m;\qefYusifbuf aMomf...uH (3) uHudk (3)tae(oufarG;)wGif tav;xm;yg rw&m;\qefYusifbuf uH (3) uHudk av;pm;yg tbufbufuaumif; uH (3) uHudk usifhyGm;yg um,uH aumif; yGm;zdkY vG,fulwJhw&m; 0pDuH aumif; odzdkY vG,fulwJhw&m ; raemuH aumif; y,fzdkY vG,fulwJHw&m; taumif;w&m;rsm;aygif;pk qdkufzkdY vG,fulwJhw&m; ypKye u f r0g'Drsm;taygif;tpku bmhaMumihfrsm; tarSmifxJydkY avmuudk bmhaMumifhrsm; acsmifxJydkY tvkyftauR;jyKMupdkYAsm/ bmhaMumifhrsm; axmifxJydkY a&SmifvGJzkdY BudK;pm;aeMuwmvJ / bmyJjzpfjzpfayghAsm usaemfwkdYcifrsm;wdkY[m jrwfq&m ... tarSmifxJrSmaeae ypKyeu f r0g'w&m;&Sif acsmifxJrSmaeae (ariyathitsa@gmail.com) axmifxJrSmaeae
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igonf v l o m;avmu\ apmif h vHk;vlawG&Jh aus;Zl;txl;xl;axG qyfvdkYjzifh a&SmufrIudk cH,l&&Saeolwpfa,mufjzpf ruke f 0okef .... w,f/ 'gaMumifhiguvJ vlom;avmuudk tJ'a D wmhum rif;vJvo l m; vlUtodi k ;f t0di k ;f apmifa h &Smufwv hJ o l m;wpfa,mufjzpf&r,f/ rSmae vlom;awGay:aus;Zl; bmawG wkefY avmuapmifha&SmufcH,l&&Sd ightodeJYavm jyefaeovJ orrQw w&m;ojzifhavmu uaumif;usdK; vlom;csif;omwkefYjyef& rSm aumif;usdK; vlom;csrf;om bmawGaqmif igh0efwmtararG;uwnf;u vltrsm;&Jhul GufaeovJ nD &,lNyD;rS &SifoefcJh& ighb0 igpm;aewJh 0dZmqdkwJhodrI ynmOD;pD;wJh 'Drdk tm[m&trsdK;rsdK; ig0wfaewJh ykqdk; tus ua&pD v l o m;awG u txuf y gtwd k i f ; tvDvD igaexdkifwJh tdrf&mwkdufwmpdwf cH,u l sio hf ;kH aqmufwnfMuygw,f/ tJ'v D dk oGm; udk,fyg vkd&ma&mufzdkY ydkYaqmifay;wJh aqmufwnfMuwJt h wGuf vlom;tcsi;f csi;f ,mOf&xm;rsm; t0dZmPfudk xGif;azmuf qufqHwJhae&mrSm udk,fuvGJwJh wpfyg;ol wwfodvdrm em;vnfvmatmif oifq&m tay:rSm ukd,feJYwef;wl xm;wJh (arwm) jrifq&m Mum;q&mtmvHk; tyfuav;rS pdwfxm;udk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfr,f/ vlom; onf av,mOf x d a tmif w D x G i f z ef w D ; tcsi;f csi;f tay:rSm tEdi k r f ,l? tEdi k r f usi?hf vltoD;oD;wda Yk Mumifp h m;0wfaea&; oGm;a&; oem;Muifem? ulna D pmifa h &Smufw( hJ uk Pm) vma&;awG tqifajyaewm t&m&mtm; pdwx f m;udk yGm;rsm;tm;xkwr f ,f/ tqifajy om,mat;csrf;aewJh vlawGudkMunfhNyD; 0rf;om MunfEl;vdkY qxufqxuf wdk;wuf om,matmif ulnDcsifwJh (rk'dwm) w&m;udk yGm;rsm;tm; xkwfr,f/ vleJYvlcsif; tay:rSm aumif;qdk;ESpfwef jzpfay:[efudk a0zefydkif;jcm;odjrifxm;vdkY pdwf"mwfjynfh0 Nidrf;csrf;aewJh (Oayum) w&m;udk yGm;rsm;tm; xkwfr,f / tJ'Dvdkr[kwfyJ rif;wdkYbm om jzpfcsif&mjzpfigeJY rqdkifbl;qdkNyD; rsufESmvTJaewm[m (arm[udavom) yg / jAm[0d[m&w&m;xJu Oayum r[kwy f gbl;/ txufyg arwm? *kPm? rk'w d m? Oyum qdw k hJ jAm[0[ d m& w&m;av;yg; u bm0em udpw yfwhJ r*i0 f ifw&m;awGygyJ / 'Dw&m;awGukd yGm;rsm;tm;xkwNf y;D aexdi k & f r,f/ 'Dw&m;awG&UJ
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qefYusifzuf awGu yifyef; qif;&JaMumif; udavomw&m;awGjzpfvkdY (y[mwA) y,fpGefY&r,hf udp& w dS ,f/ 'Dvy kd ,fpe G Yf y,fowf&r,fw h &m;qd;k awGukd y,fowfaewJt h wGuf ud, k p f w d f ESpy f g;rSm qif;&J'kutaygif;wdkYrS vGwfvyfvGwfajrmuf Nidrf;csrf;rIawG &SdaeMur,f/ tJh'Dvdk vGwf ajrmufNidrf;csrf;rIawGudk &&SdaewJh olawG[m 'Drdkua&pD vlom;yJjzpfygw,f/ igonf avmu\ apmifa h &Smufru I kd cH,& l &Sa d eolwpfa,mufjzpfw,f/ 'ghaMumifh iguvJ vlom; avmuudk apmifa h &SmufwhJ vlom;wpfa,mufjzpf&r,f/ 'Dvkd 0dZm qdw k hJ odry I nmOD;pD;wJh 'Drdkua&pD vlom;wdkY&JUcH,lcsufoabmw&m;udk rodrI (t0dZm) OD;pD;cH&wJh vlom;awGu vufrcHMuygbl;/ igvkyv f Ykd ig&wm? igvkyv f Ykd ighpm;0wfaea&; tqifajyaewm? ighukd b,fou l rS ulnDapmifh a&Smufaewmr[kwfbl;/ iguvnf; b,folUudkrS rulnDEdkifbl;/ udk,fuvGJvdkY tjcm;b,fou l udr k S ud, k e f w YJ ef;wlrxm;Edi k b f ;l qdNk y;D avmbudavomudk yGm;r,f/ ud, k u f vGv J Ykd tjcm;wyg;olawG tay:rSm tEdkif,lr,f/ tEdkifusifhr,fqdkNyD; a'goudavom udkyGm;r,f/ udk,fuvGJvdkY tjcm; wyg;olawG tqifajyom,m at;csrf;ae&ifvJ remvkd 0efwdkjzpfaewJh m udavomudkyGm;r,f/ aumif;qdk;ESpfwefjzpfay:[efudkvnf; a0zefydkif;jcm; rodEdkif wJt h wGuf rif;wdb Yk mom jzpfcsif &mjzpfMu? igeJY rqdi k b f ;l qkNd y;D wm0efrhJ rsuE f m S vTa J ewJh arm[ udavom udkyGm;r,f? txufyg udavomw&m;qdk;awG[m 'kuork',opm xdkufwJhtwGuf (y[mwA) y,fpGefY&r,fh udp&Sdygw,f/ 'gawGudk y,fpGefY&r,fh w&m;awGyJvdkY rodyJ taumif; xifNyD; yGm;vmrsm;vmatmif tm;xkwfaewm[m rodrIt0dZmOD;pD;wmudk cHae&vkdYygyJ/ 'gaMumifh ig[m t0dZmvlom;vm;/ 0dZmvlom;vm;/ rdrdudk,frdrd qef;ppfyg a0zefyg oHk;oyfyg/ t0dZmvlom;jzpfae&if 0dZmvlom; jzpfatmifvkyfyg/ 0dZmvlom;jzpfatmif 0dZm vlom;wk& Yd UJ oabmw&m; cH,c l suf tusifh p&PawGuo kd z dv Ykd y kd gw,f/ 'gudo k z dt Ykd wGuf oyL&do oHao0 vdkYqdkwJhtwdkif; w&m;odol odvdkYusifhol odusihfESpfjzm jynfhpHkolawGxHrSm em,l rSwfom;ajymqkd aqG;aEG;&ygr,f/ tJh'gqdk&ifawmh rodrIt0dZm (udavom) w&m;qdk;awGudk 0dZm odrIynmjzifh y,fowfedkifwJh0dZmvlom; b0udk &&Sd vmMursmygyJ/ 'Dvdk 0dZmvlom;rsm; jzpfEdkifMuNyD; 0dZmvlom;rsm; pkaygif;aexdkifMuwJh vlom;avmuBuD; jzpfr,fqdk&if jrefrmh 'Drdkua&pDEdkifiHawmfomru urmh'Drdkua&pDEdkifiHawmfopfBuD;yg ay:aygufvmr,f qdkwm taocsmygyJvdkY ajymvdkufcsifygw,f/ (yoeyoelay735@gmail.com)
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t0dZmtrIuH jyKMujyefawmh t0dZmeJYvl twlwl toyL&do oHao0 tpGef;vrf; avQmufvSrf;vkdYom tbdZm Asmyg& pdwfqdk;pdwfqm rvdka'go vkdavmbawG uif;Nidrf;aeol r*if&Spfyg; tusifhw&m;eJY ormrQw awG;ajymvkyfaqmif usihfBuHyGm;rsm; tm;xkwfaeol 'Dvkdvludk tm;xm;rSDckd em,lrSwfom; avhvmqnf;yl; rodwmudk ajymqdkaqG;aEG; Budrfzefrsm;pGm &SdwJhtcg rw&m;wma&Smif w&m;wmaqmif rw&m;wmrawG; w&m;wmawG; (raemuH) rw&m;wmrajym w&m;wmajym (0pDuH) rw&m;wmrvkyf w&m;wmvkyf (um,uH) pdwftnpftaMu; avQmfzGyfaq;aMum tajccHoDv apmifhxdef;MuNyD; tpGef;ESpfyg; a&Smifum&Sm; rZdry#dy'g ormrQw awG;ajymvkyfaqmif
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&aom oHCmawmfrsm;bk&m; pmwkrokwv f m &Sio f m&d ykw& muJo h Ykd wud, k a f wmfcsr;f om a&;ukd a&S;&INy;D raeMueJb Y & k m;/ pmwkrokwf vm &Sifr[marm*vmefuJhokdY "r0d[m&D q&mawmf\ wynfhrsm;udk t&d,opm w&m;"rjzifh a&SUaqmifa&SU&Gujf yK aexdi k f Muygbk&m; / usaemfwdkYav;pm;&aom t&d,m om0ursm; cifAsm/ pmwkrokwv f m &Sio f m&d ykw& muJo h Ykd wud, k a f wmf csr;f oma&;udk a&S; &I raeMuyJ / pmwk r ok w f v m &S i f r [m arm*ve u f kd twk,Nl y;D omoemawmfukd rdrd wwfpr G ;f orQ a&SUaqmif a&SU&Guf jyKMuyg&ef wdu k w f e G ;f Ed;k aqmftyfygonf/ armifopm (ariyathitsa@gmail.com)
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vlom;aumif;usdK; avmucsrf;om b,fodkY xifjrif tpGJavmu qif;&Jrsm;pGm a&SUaemufb0 'ku ab;'gef ypKyefE qif;&J vGw& f m t&d,opm avmu aumif;zdkY 'd& Yk UJ omoem b,fvkdzsufzsuf 'dkYnDudk&if; t&d,opm "ropm
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tuef;,HMk unfrr I sKd ;a&Smifyg/ tuef;,HMk unfrr I sKd ;onf Ak'j rwfpm G bk&m;\ vrf;pOfr[kwy f g .../ Ak'j rwfpm G \ qH;k rvrf;nTer f r I sm;onf a00g;aomyef;wdi k t f wGuf r[kwy f g .../ (1) ,HMk unfrI r,HMk unfru I uk, d y f i kd u f p d y g/ ,HMk unfru I z kd suq f ;D jcif;u rw&m;rIvm; ...w&m;rIvm; ... (2) uREy fk w f o Ykd nf ...Ak'j rwfpm G \ "rtppfuo kd mvQif ,HMk unfrnf ... usio hf ;kH rnf ... (3) uREy fk w f o Ykd nf ...igESir fh wlvsif ... igh&efo[ l k owfrw S a f om twtm;Bu;D olw\ Ydk a[mMum;aom tqH;k trudk oufq;kH wki d p f e G y Yf ,fxm;\ .../ (4) "mwfyw kH pfyu kH Mkd unfv h sif abmiftwGi;f Munfr h m S vm; ..../ abmif\tjyifukd Munfr h m S vm; .../ rdr\ d b0qdw k m ... rdrr d arG;cifutcse d u f q kd v kd w dk mvm; ... rdr& d p dS Oftcse d u f q kd v kd w kd mvm;.../ rdrr d &Sa d omaoNy;D onft h cse d u f q kd v kd w dk mvm; .../ (5) aq;0g;\pGrf;tifu a&m*gjzpfay:cHpm;ae&aomvlxHrS a&ma*gaysmufuif;a&;u t"duyg... a&m*gaysmufuif;a&;uom t"duygqdv k si. f .. aq;jym;udr k S aomufr,f ... aq;awmifr h a S omufr,f vdYk ... vkya f ep&mvda k o;vm; ... bmomw&m;qdw k muvnf; vlUxHu - t0dZm ESihf wPSmqda k oma&m*gqd;k wdu Yk kd tjrpfjywf ukoay;wJh aq;0g;ygyJ ... 'Dvo dk mem;vnfc, H E l i kd v f sif ...*dP k ;f *PawGujGJ ym;p&m ...vda k o;vm;...
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(6) aq;0g;onf a&m*gudo k mowfonf a&m*gpGu J yfca H e&olur kd owfyg .../ jrwfA' k \ opmw&m;wdo Yk nfvnf; 'kuq if;&Jjcif;udr k owfyJ ... 'ku qif;&Jjzpfym G ;cH&oluo kd wfyghrvm; ... (7) Ak'j rwfpm G \ omoem[kac:qd& k aomqH;k rrIrsm;onf vdu k e f musio hf ;kH olwt Ykd m; Nir d ;f csr;f rIEi S v fh w G a f jrmufru I kd jzpfapygw,f[k pmayrSmawGU&ygw,f ... [d* k P kd ;f u wdE Yk i S hf ,lqyHr k wlb;l 'gaMumifh [k* d P kd ;f tm;rud;k uG,& f ... 'D*P kd ;f uvnf; wdE Yk i S o fh abmw&m;rwlwt hJ wGuf 'D*P kd ;f udv k nf; rud;k uG,& f [k Ak'j rwfpm G \ EIwx f u G p f um; pmayrSmrawGU&yg ... oifa&mawGUzl;ovm; ... (8) rdrw d \ Ykd oabmw&m; aumif;rGer f e S u f efyu kH dk vufawGU jyoEki d jf cif;r&Sd ... olwyg;\ ajymqd, k q l aomoabmw&m;rsm;udv k nf; acsyEdi k p f r G ;f r&Sa d omtcg &S i f b k & if \ tmPmtul , l u m oabmw&m;yk d i f & S i f t m; taumuf Pf E S i f h BuH p nf a omvk y f & yf o nf ... ol a wmf a umif ; rsm;\ vk y f & yf v m; ... ariyathitsa@gmail.com oifpOfpm;Munfy h g .../ (9) vufawGUrodEi kd ?f rjrifEi kd ?f rMum;Eki d a f omoabmw&m;awGukd ,ckvkd tifwmeuf acwf vlawG vufoihr f cHMuwm obm0usygw,f .../ (10)MuufOcGt H wGi;f uazmufxu G v f maomMuufwpfaumifonf xkMd uufOcGt H wGi;f odYk jyefvnf 0if;kd xH;k pH&& dS UJ vm; ... uREy fk w f Ukd onfvnf; rdrt d wGut f oH;k r0ifvYdk pGey Yf ,fxm;aom t,ltqa[mif;udk b,fawmhrw S rf;waernf r[kwb f ;l qdw k mem;vnfay;yg ... / / rdwa f qG - d;k &m"avha[mif;rsm;udk a0zefEi kd jf cif;ESihf vl U taygif ; tzG J U tm; tusd K ;jyKEd k i f o l d k ; om;jzLpif o l tjzpf&yfwnfEi kd y f gap ..../ (ariyathitsa@gmail.com)
yg0grif; (22 - 8 -2011)
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odUk oli,fcsi;f rif;bmawGvy k a f evJ/ use;f rma&;a&m aumif;&JUvm;/ tdra f xmif a&;? pDym G ;a&;? vlra I &;? om;a&;orD;a&;awG eJU rdbawG? a,murawG&UJ ta&;awGa&m ajyvnfMu&JUvm;/ tm;vH;k ta&;awG tqif ajyMuygapvdYk arwmydo Yk vdu k y f gw,f/ oli,f csi;f rif;t&ifwavmu a&;vdu k w f hJ pmxJrm S igwdkYrdom;pk tm;vHk;tqif ajyygapvdkY a&;vdu k w f m aus;Zl;wifygw,f oli,fcsi;f / 'gayr,fh rif;qkawmif;vdkufvdkY tqifajywmawmh r[kwy f gbl;/ igwdUk q&m awmfu a[mMum;vdu k w f hJ pum;awGukd em; axmifNy;D ajyvnfom G ;wmyg/ wu,fawmh oli,fcsi;f &m..avmurSmaysmf atmifae& r,fw?hJ avmueJU ud, k e f UJ wom; wnf;usae atmifaygh/ OyrmuGm tdra f xmifa&; om,m csi& f if ud, k & hf UJ tdra f xmifzufukd ud, k u f 0wf jyK&rSmyJjzpfw,f/ tJ'gudt k &ifu wdv Yk J em;r vnfcb hJ ;l / ckawmh em;vnfom G ;NyD oli,fcsi;f / ud, k & hf UJ tdra f xmifzuf[m wu,fawmh ud, k f raorcsi;f ? olraorcsi;f twlwl aygif;azmf Ny;D taz:jyKae&rSmuG? ud, k u f olUud, k Nl y;D tEd k i f usif h & rS m vJ r [k w f b l ; / ud k , f u ol,w l mudk cHNy;D oltEdi k u f siw hf mudk cHaezdv Yk J r[kwb f ;l / vlqw kd m wd&pmefawGvkd zdr k quf qH&HkoufoufvJ r[kwfbl;/ rdef;rqdkwm olwUkd udk rxDrjhJ rifjyKwm rBuKd ub f ;l / ud, k hf a,mufsm; raumif;qd;k 0g;awGvy k ?f raumif; qdk;0g;awGajym? raumif;qdk;0g; rsufESmae rsuE f m S xm; aewmvJ rBuKd ub f ;l / olwu Ykd kd 0wfpm;qif,ifrI rjyKwmvJ rBuKd ub f ;l / jrwfjrwfE;kd Ed;k MuifMuifemem rae wmvJrBuKd ub f ;l / 'gaMumifh olrBuKd uw f mawG a&SmifNyD; olBudKufwmawG jyKvkyf? ajymqdk? aexdi k f ay;&rSm jzpfw,f oli,fcsi;f / 'gqd& k if olwdkUu olwdkYjzpfcsifwmawG jzpfae&vdkY olwe Ykd YJ wom;wnf;usNy;D olwb Ykd ufu Nir d ;f csr;f wmaygh/ tJ'v D kd olw& Ykd UJ tay:rSm ud, k u f 0wfjyKw,fqdk&if udk,fhudkvJ jyefNyD;0wfjyK cdi k ;f &w,f oli,fcsi;f / ud, k u f olwu Ykd kd 0wfjyK vdYk olwr Ykd m S Nir d ;f csr;f om,mayr,fh ud, k u hf kd olwu Ykd jyefvnf0wfrjyKb;l qd& k if ud, k u f b,fvv kd y k Nf y;D om,myghrvJ oli,fcsi;f / 'g aMumifh wdu Yk vnf; olwu Ykd kd tdrw f i G ;f rIawG vkyf apcsiw f ,f/ wd& Yk m S vmwJh ypn;f av;awG udk aoaocsmcsm odrf;qnf;apcsifw,f/
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Nir d ;f csr;f ajrU (Facebook.com)
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y#dporkyg'f 0dygu0#frSmygwJh 0dnmPf? emrfkyf? oVm,we? z? a0'emqdkwJh Oyg'geuEm ig;yg;udk OwkaMumifjh zpfwhJ cEmig;yg;vdYk ,cifu xifrw S c f w hJ m/ wpfrsKd ;ajym&&ifawmh puK0a d n,s"r vkYd xifcw hJ m/ tJ'v D x kd ifwe k ;f uqdv k sif oVm,weawG eda&m"&rSmudk tawmhu f kd wkev f y I c f & hJ w,f/ oVm,we eda&m a"m&vsif ud, k r hf m S &Sw d hJ tmHc k t H *FgawG qH;k oGm;Ny/ D b,fvkd vkyfMu&rSmvJaygh/ 'DMum;xJ vlrdkufwd&pmef edAmef pum; tvGefcg;\ qdkwJhtqHk;trudk owd&vdu k a f wmh a&SUwd;k rjzpf? aemufqw k r f jzpf aygh/ a&SUwd;k vsif tmHc k H t*FgawG qH;k I;H rSmjzpfNy;D aemufqw k & f if vlru kd ?f wd&pmefjzpfrm S/ uJ ... 'g qdb k ,fvrf;udk vku d r f vJaygh/ tJ'v D kd a&SUvnf;rwd;k om? aemuf vnf; rqkwo f meJY edAm efukd csKd Ei dk a f tmif tausma f rmf q&mawmfawG&UJ tqH;k trawGukd avhvmvdu k p f m; ae&if;eJy Y / J aus;Zl;&Siw f pf a,mufEi S hf awGUNy;D "ryZ l mqdw k hJ pmtkya f v; wpfty k f ay;zwfygw,f/ tJ'p D mtkyz f wfvu dk a f wmh enf;enf;oufom&m&ovdk cHpm;&ygw,f/tJ'D pmtkyu f kd a&;wJq h &mu awmh uRea f wmft h wGuf bk&m;ESihf wpf*P dk ;f wnf; xm;&r,fh "r0[ d m&D q&mawmf t&Si f PygyJ/ q&mawmf&UJ a[mMum;wJh w&m;awG? pmtkya f wGukd emMum;? zwfI &if;eJY ESpt f wefMumvmwJt h cgrSm tazESihf tar wd& Yk UJ Owke?D *EAw Ykd aygif;qHv k jYdk zpfay:vmwJh 'Du, kd a f umifBu;D [m y#dpo rkyg 'f0if 'kut &d, opmxku d w f hJ cEm r[kwf bl;qdw k m cGc J r JG S jcm;jcm; odci G & hf Nya D ygh/ 'kut&d,opmxkdufwJh cEmu Oyg'gef\ tmHkjzpfw,f/ OwkeD *EAwdkY aygif;qHk vdjYk zpfay:vmwJh OwkZcEmu puK tp&Sw d hJ 'Gg&wd& Yk UJ tmHjk zpfw,f/ Oyg'gefu uHjyKNy;D aemuf wqufwpyfwnf;jzpfaewJh wenf;ajym&&if qefEi S x hf rif;vk?d umv? Xme? b0rjcm; 0dygu 0#frm S &Sa d om 0dnmPf ...wd& Yk UJ tusKd ;0dyguf cEmig;yg;rSm &Sw d hJ tjzpf&UJ ajymif;jyefudk tmHjk yKwm/ 'Dvdk tmHjk yKjcif;cH&vdYk Oyg'gef\ tmHjk zpfaomaMumifh 'kut &dopmxku d w f m/ 'kut &d,opmqkw d m puK paom'Gg&wdjYk zihf tmHjk yKv& Ydk wJh tmHr k sKd ; r[kwb f ;l / jrwfpm G bk&m;ay:vmrS t&d,opmqdw k m
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(yoeyoelay735@gmail.com) www.ariyathitsa.org and ariyathitsa@gmail.com
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pdwfysufNiD;aiGYwmawG &&SdcJYav&Jh/ ukd,favh vmzwfrSwf odjrifoabmaygufcJYwJY pmay awG&hJ oabmw&m;t& b,for l jyK rdrr d q I Ndk y;D uk d , f h u k d u k d , f jyKjyif z k d Y omoemh a bmif r S m wpfESpfwpf0g ckdvIH csifcJhwmudk wpfoufvkH; ckv d o IH m G ;rSmqk& d ifawmh cGijhf yKr,f vkYd rdbawGu ajymqka d wmh wmygyJ/ pOf ; pm;&ygNyD / pOf ; pm;&ygNyD a um/ cspo f ?l rdb? aqGrsKd ;? rdwa f qG? tm;vk;H ukd ausm - 117 -
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&mZf&m G u p&atmif ... [kwu f / hJ ypE& Zf&m G qdw k m e,fpe G f e,fzsm; ae&muda k c:wm r[kwv f m; taz/ at; - pGefw,fqdkwm vGefwmeJY teuf wly?J zsm;w,fqw kd mvJt&if;eJY a0;Ny;D A[dk&JU wbufrSm qdkawmholvJvGefwmeJY teufwy l J om;Bu;D ... tazh&UJ pum;u rvGev f e G ;f bl;vm; taz ... csUJ rSus,r fm S / us,r fv S , G r fm S aygh om; Bu;D & ... ypE& ZfyJ ajymygtaz&m ... w&m;rod&if ypE& Zfqw kd m[m um v? Xme? yk*v awG jcm;aerSmyJ om;&JU ... w&m;od&if umv? Xme? yk*v awG rjcm;awmhyJ ypE& Zfu jzpfaerSmvm;.. w&m;od&if rjcm;Hr k [kwy f J ypE& Zf qdw k m &Su d r kd &Sy d J ypE& Zfu ysuo f m G ;rSm yJ om;Bu;D ... 'Dvq dk & kd ifawmh w&m;od&ifb& k m;&d?S oHCm&S?d aygh taz ... [kww f mayghom;Bu;D ? om;Bu;D udk t az jyefar;&OD;r,f ... bmrsm;vJar;ygtaz ... w&m;qdw k m bmvJvYkd om;Bu;D odNy;D Nyv D m; ... aMomf....taz&,f 'Dw&m;qdw k m udr k odvYkd tazhua kd r;&wmaygh taz&m... om;Bu;D ajymwJh w&m;av;rsKd ;xJu
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tazajzcsiw f hJ Ak'b & k m;&JU w&m;udy k J ar;Mu? ajz Muwmaygh om;Bu;D ... Ak'b & k m;&JU w&m;qdw k m t"dutae eJY bmvJqw kd mudk ajymygOD; taz ... Ak'b & k m;&JU w&m;qdw k m aSmifp&m aSmif Ny;D aqmifp&maqmifwm[m w&m;yJ om;Bu;D ... tJ ' D a S m if p &mu bmawG j zpf N yD ; aqmifp&mu bmawGvt J az ... a&Smifp&mu vlawG aeUpOfajymqd?k jyKvy k ?f aexdi k r f a I wG&UJ npfnrf;qd;k &Gm;? tusKd ; rrsm;rIre S o f rQ a&SmifMuOf&Ny;D aqmifp&mu vJ vlawG&UJ aeYpOf ajymqd?k jyKvy k ?f aexdi k r f I awG&UJ jzLpif;kd om; tusKd ;rsm;rI udpr e S o f rQ awGukd aqmifu G & f jcif;[m w&m;yJ..(w enf;tm;jzif) h a&Smifea YJ qmifwm ESpc f k nDrQrI [m w&m;ygyJom;Bu;D ... 'g[m tazajymcsiw f hJ Ak'b & k m;&JU w&m; bm0emvm; taz ... trSey f a J yghom;Bu;D ... tJ'a D &SmifeYJ aqmifEp S c f k nDrQ&if oDvjzpfNy;D tJ'o D v D rysu& f atmif BuKd ;pm;tm;xkwjf cif;? ysu& f if vJ jyifEi kd a f tmif owdxm;aejcif;eJY wnf wnfNir d Nf ir d f ajymqd?k jyKvy k ?f aexdi k ? f qifjcifrI awG[m yGm;rsm;&rJh w&m; bm0emawG ygyJ om;Bu;D ... 'DvkdqdkawmhvJ w&m;bm0emyGm; &wm[m vG,v f , G u f av;aygh ..taz vG,w f ,fqw kd mvJ tbd"ruo kd r d S vG,f wmygom;Bu;D ... tbd"rukd b,fvo dk & d rSm vJ taz ... tbd"rqdkwm vl&JUwpfvHrQavmuf &SdwJh cEmudk,frSm vnfywfjzpfyGm;aewJh b0
oHo&m 0#f'u k u kd aMumif;usKd ;qufpyfNy;D od jrif aewm[m tbd"r&UJ oabmw&m;yJ om;Bu;D ... aMomf ...tbd"r q w kd m 'Dvv kd m; taz ... [kwfw,fom;..tbd"r odwm [m oHo&mvnfro I jd cif;yJ (wenf;tm;jzif) h 0#f'u k v nfru I kd odjcif;jzpfwmyJ ..om;Bu;D oHo&mvnfw,fqw kd mudv k nf; wdk wdy k J xyf&i S ;f jyygOD; .. taz ... oHo&mqdw k m vlom;awG&UJ ajym? jyK? ae awGukd taumif;? tqd;k ? ESpr f sKd ;aom jyKrjl cif; udpa wG&UJ vGev f e G u f sL;usL;? tl; trl;? qmqmavmifavmifeYJ tm;xkw?f jyK vky?f Bup H nf? awG; awmjcif;aMumifh vnfywf jzpfym G ;&jcif;[m oHo&myJ ..om;Bu;D ... om;odxm;wJh oHo&mqdkwm[m (31)bHk 0JMoCtwGi;f rSm vlu vnfae&wm vdYk odaeygw,f taz .. om;BuD;&JU tod[m tbd"rm&JU ajymif;jyef odcsufudkodaewmyg/ trSefw u,fu vlU twGi;f rSmyJ (31)bHk 0JMoCu vmvnfaewmudkrS tbd"r&JU todrSef jzpfrm S yg ... om;Bu;D ... 'Dvq dk & kd if Ak'b & k m;&JU w&m;bm0em yGm; enf;udk enf;enf;qufajymay;ygOD; .. taz ... Ak'b & k m;&JU w&m;bm0em yGm;enf;u awmh uH'u k qif;&JuMkd unf?h uH'u k q if;&Jo?d uH 'kuq if;&Joa d wmh uH'u k q if;&JjzpfaMumif; udk y,f/ uH'u k qif;&JjzpfaMumif;y,fawmh uH'u k qif;&JNir d ;f Ny/ D uH'u k q if;&JNir d ;f wm[m uH'u k qif;&JNir d ;f aMumif;udk tBur d Bf ur d y f m G; rsm;cJv h Ykd qdw k m[m Ak'b & k m;&JU w&m;bm0em
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yGm;rsm; enf; yJom;Bu;D ... tazajymwJh 'kuu enf;enf;awmh tIyo f m; taz .. 'ku& UJ trSeu f kd rod&ify I r f m S ygyJ .. om;Bu;D ... 'Dvkdqdk&if 'kuu bmaMumifhjzpf& wmv . J .taz ... tJ'grS 'kuy J om;Bu;D &JU arcGe;f u tp t qH;k rxif Edi k w f a hJ r;cGe;f yJ ... b,fva dk Mumifh tptqH;k rxifEi kd f jzpf&wmvJ ..taz ... vlawG'kujzpf&wm aumif;rI? r k f vGev f e G u f sL; aumif;rIawGukd tm;yg;wpdu usL;eJY jyKvy kw f maMumifh aMumif;usKd ;rodjzpfNy;D pqH;k rxifjzpf oGm;wmyJ .. om;Bu;D ... pqH;k qda k wmh tv,fvnf;&SO d ;D rSm r [kwv f m; ..taz ... tif;...om;BuD;ajymovkd ajym& &ifawmh ed'gef;? pmudk,f? ed*Hk;ayghom;BuD; &m... ed'gef;? pmudk,f? ed*Hk; oHk;yg;vHk;&JU qufpyfvnfywfjzpfym G ;yHa k v;udk xyf&i S ;f ygOD; taz ... om;Bu;D uwqifNh y;D wqifh xyf&i S ;f cki d ;f aeyghvm; ... tJ'grS ypE& mZfm G u w&m;bm0em taMumif; aumif;aumif; oabmaygufrm S aygh ...taz .. wdw k y kd & J i S ;f r,f? jrif? Mum;? eH? pm;? xd? od? qdw k hJ Bu, d mawGukd vGev f e G u f sL;usL; ajymqd?k jyKr?l aexdi k v f u kd & f if Bu, d mysuNf y;D uHoufoufjzpfNy;D wJa h emufrm S b0'kuo o H &m vnfywfoGm;NyD; p?v,f?qHk;udk rxif G ;&wmyJ om;Bu;D ... avmufatmif jzpfom tJ'v D dk pv,fq;kH rxif&wm&JU t"d
u taMumif;&if;u bmjzpfrvJ taz ... t"dutaMumif;&if;u ud, k ' fu k jzpf r,ft h &mudk ud, k r f odawmh uHujkd yKvy k c f sif jyKvy k c f sijf cif;aMumifh jyKvy k / f jyKvy k r f a I Mumifh jzpfay:/ jzpfay:jcif;aMumifh jyefNy;D jyKvy k c f si/ f jyefjyKvy k c f sijf cif;aMumifh jyefjyKvy k / f jyefjyK vkyjf cif;aMumifh jyefjzpfay:awmh csmcsmvnf awmhwmaygh/csmcsmvnfawmh b,f[mu tp? b,f[mu tv,f? b,f [mutqH;k qdw k m vH;k vH;k cJjG cm; r&awmhyJ vnfywfom G; wmaMumifh b0oHo&m 0#f'u k & UJ p? v,f? qH;k udk vH;k 0 rodEi kd a f wmhwmyJ om;Bu;D ... tckv& dk i S ;f vku d a f wmhrS a&;a&;awmh oabm aygufom G ;NyD .. taz ... a&;a&;oabmaygufw,fqdkvnf; aemufwpfacgufrS jyefaqG;aEG;Muwmaygh aemf..om; Bu;D ... [kwu f . hJ ../ om"kyg ... taz ... om"k....om"k...om"kyg ../ (ariyathitsa@gmail.com)
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uRer f raysm f i T c fy hJ gbl;/ yHjk yifxu J use d p f mtoifc h & H wJh rif;orD;av;vdy k gyJ/ tcktcse d r f m S rS 'DvdkyDyDjyifjyif ajymEdkifwmyg/ rdrdudk,frdrd bmvkdcsifrSef;rodcJh? 0g;0g;wmwm;eJY bmoma&; ta[mif;rSm oufwrf;wpf0uf vGifhypfcJh&ygw,f/ orkd;us tawG;tac: a&S;xHk;tpOftvm bmoma&;aemufudk vdkufzkdYqdkwmvnf; todPfynmjrifhrm;p&m rvkdbl;r[kwfvm;/ q&mawmfhw&m;rsm;eJY rdwfqufay;oluawmh Moôk q&mBuD; OD;cifarmifBuD; jzpfygw,f/ ausmif;ynm tenf;tusOf; pD;yGm;a&;rjzpfpavmuf aumifav;wpfa,mufu ol[m (q&mawmfhw&m;aMumifh vGwfvyfayghyg;aeygw,fvkdY) w&m;pmtkyfawG 0,fcJhwJhaeYu uRefr tHhMopGm Mum;cJh& ygw,f/ i,fpOfuwnf;u ynmrsdK;aph &SifoefBuD;yGm;atmif BudK;pm;csifwJh uRefru ol'D avmufvw G a f jrmuf&if igvnf; 'dxufvw G a f jrmufap&r,fvYkd awG;rdygw,f/ wu,fawmh rvG,f ygbl;/ Bu;D pGmaom twm;tqD;Bu;D eJY eyef;vH;k cJNh y;D w&m;rsm;pGm zwfrw S Mf um;em? aqG;aEG;aeqJ? tajym? tjyK? taersm; BuKd ;pm;Ny;D rSeu f efatmif usio hf ;kH aeqJ? om;jzpfoe l v YJ nf; jyemrsm;pGm wufaeqJ qdkygawmh/ avmu"HawGxr J m S tcg;toD;qH;k uawmh rdom;pkjyemvkYd xifygw,f/ acgif;pOf trsKd ; trsdK;eJY jzpfvmwJh jyemwkdif;udk tjyifyef;tjrif rdcifrme 'dkif;eJY umuG,fxm;ayr,fh &ifxJ rSmawmh aMuuGa J ewwfygw,f/ 'gayr,fh wHwm;wpfcu k kd jzwfausmc fo hJ vdr k sKd ; c&D;a&muf &ifu h suf cJy h gw,f/ yxrawmh zwfcz hJ ;l wJh pmwpfy' k v f dk (oifr h c d ifxH vufeufrygbJ0ifcy hJ g) tdrr f m S pmuyfzYkd pdwful;rdw,f/ tckawmh rnfolrqdk vufeufjynfheJY vmvJ&w,fvdkY cHpm;rdygw,f/ aeYpOf jzwfoef;ae&wJhb0 tcef;cef; taqmifaqmifawG[m arSmifcsifvnf;arSmifaeygap/ ysufcsif vnf;ysua f eygap/ ydy k Nkd y;D Iya f xG;csiv f nf; Iya f xG;ygap? ajz&Si;f enf;udk odvmaeovkd aeaysmx f i dk f aysmfvnf; &Sdvm&ygw,f/ &&Sv d mwJh w&m;awGaMumifh bmoma&; ta[mif;uay;wJh aep&mr&Sa d tmif Ncr d ;f ajcmuf cH&wJh b0u vGwa f jrmufc& hJ ygw,f/ t&ifwe k ;f uawmh rsua f phvnfaewJh uEm&awmBu;D xJrm S cspo f r l &Sy d J toufBu;D oGm;&wJv h w l pfa,mufvdk ajcmufuyfuyf Edi k v f y S gw,f/ tckawmh vGwf ajrmufNir d ;f csr;f &ef wpfcw k nf;aom tcGit hf a&;uawmh ypKye f ur0g' Ak'b momrSwyg; tjcm; r&Sdyg[kqkd&if; pmpkjzihf q&m awmfudk ylaZmfyg\/ arjrefrm (ariyathitsa@gmail.com)
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wdkif;axmifvdk? b,fvdkcscs? olrusyJ? NrJpGmhtaxmif? axmifNrJaxmifrnf? vlUabmifavmu oamapzdkY / pkyf- woyfoyf? rvkyfwwfyJ? vkyfZmwfudka&Smif? t[kwfaqmifonf? vlUabmifavmu omapzdkY / yef- xm;opm? a&Smifcm G rjyK? &J&ihr f jI zih?f wkNyKd ib f ufuif;? trSev f if;atmif olu aqmifonf? vlYabmifavmu omapzdkY / ewD;ew? b0rSmaysmf? tarSsmftjrif? enf;csifyg;csif? yk*Kdvfjrifaomf? odjrifESYHpyf? OmPfxufjrwfatmif? oluaqmifonf? vlUabmifavmu omapzdkY / urf- aMumif;uHusKd;? uHtrsKd;udk? *sKd;*sKd;*Rrf;*Rrf;? vTihfypfpGrf;atmif? olu aqmifonf vlUabmifavmu omapzdkY / rnpfrEGrf;? vef;vef;&Tif&Tif? ryef;yifatmif? oluaqmifonf? vlabmifavmu omapzdkY / 0gwmvdrfwm? nmwmawGuif;? Nidrf;csrf;csOf;atmif? oluaqmifonf vlU abmifavmu omapzdkY / ',D;',dkif? rIdifwdkifwdkifESihf? udk,fydkifudkyif? udk,frjrifMu? vlUavmuudk? udk,fus udk,fwdkif? udk,fydkifjrifatmif? oluaqmifonf? vlUabmifavmu omapzdkY / Ak'f- "bk&m;? av;yg;t&d,m? jrwfopmudk? urmrSmvif;? vlrSmvif;atmif olu aqmifonf? vlUabmifavmu omapzdkY / "rrnfjyK? a&SmifrIaqmifrI? 'DESpfckudk? vlUo@mefrSm? tNrJygatmif? olu aqmifonf? vlUabmifavmu omapzdkY / bm- yJvkyfvkyf? r[kwfrw&m;? pGefYypfoGm;atmif? onfum;trSm;? onf um;trSef? vlwdkYOmPfwGif? 0ifpHudef;atmif? oluaqmifonf ? vlYabmifavmu omapzdkY / om- om,m,m? rmrmcHhcHh? BuHhBuHhcdkifcdkif? EkdifEdkifeif;eif;? Nidrf;csrf;jcif;wdkY? wif;Murf;jynhf0? vdkw&atmif? oluaqmifonf? vllUabmifavmu omapzkdY / (t&SifPtm; odrdjrifrdoavmufeJY a&;om;ylaZmf&jcif;jzpfygonf/ &SifPodjrifaom jrwfAk'\ t&d,opmomoemonf &maxmifaeru jzma&mifa0vsuf xGef;um;ygapom;/)
vif;pdwm
(venamita@gmail.com)
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vl[m .. vlygyJ.. tyl[m .. tylygyJ ..../ vleJYtyl .. twlxifNyD; (wpfcsKdU vlawGu) tylaysmufcsiw f meJY *lxJ ta&mufoGm;Mu .... (wpfcsKdU vlawGu) tylat;csiw f meJY vleJY a0;&m ajy;Mu ... r&wJhtqHk; awmxJ 0ifykef;wJholvnf; ... awGU ygh... r& .../ tylqw kd mu vlrSm vmuyfwJh oabmav ... / qdkawmhAsm ...... tylpJcsifvdkY *lxJyJoGm;oGm; bk&m;xJrSmyJ qkawmif;awmif; ausmif;rSmyJ aeae
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&rSmqdw k m awmfawmfukd aumif;wJh t&myg/ ud, k & hf UJ ud, k ?f EIw?f pdwt f rSea f wGeYJ vufawGU usifhwJh w&m;vdkY oabmaygufrdygw,f/ ud, k ?f EIw?f pdwt f rSea f wGukd w&m;jzpfw,fvYkd azmfxw k Nf y;D a[mMum; xm;wm[m vufawGU vdu k e f m usio hf ;kH vdYk toH;k 0ifygw,f/ uGEfkyf&JU todrdwfaqGwpfa,muf f wG uvnf; ]um,uH 0pDuH raemuH trSea udk w&m; vdYk ajymwm 'Dq&mawmfyJ &Sw d ,f/ b,f o l r S 'D v d k & J & J w if ; wif ; w&m;vd k Y aumufjywmudk rawGUzl;bl;} vdkY awmif ajymygw,f/ [kwfwmaygh 'gav;awGudk 'Dum,uH? 0pDu?H raemuHawGur kd S umr? ly? tly? avmukw&mvdkcGJjyvdkufawmh umrvdk usia hf wmh umrw&m;jzpf? lyvdk usia hf wmh lyw&m;jzpf? tlyvdu k sia hf wmh tly w&m; jzpf? avmukw& mvkd usia hf wmh avmukw&m w&m;jzpfw,fvdkY em;vnf oabmaygufrdygw,f/ uREfkyfvnf; tJ'D w&m;acGukd emMum;Ny;D uwnf;u "r0[ d m&D q&mawmf&JU w&m;awGtwdkif; vkdufemvdkY vufawGU usio hf ;kH aexdi k y f gw,f/ rSsjzifh q&mawmf\( 75 )ESSpf ajrmuf pdef&wkylZmtjzpf ylaZmfvdkuf&yg w,f/
armif"0 k
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uzin
(mandalaygazette.com/author/uzin)
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tcd;k cH&wmjzpfw,f/ tckc;kd wJu h u H dk vky& f if aemuf b0usjyef tcdk;cH&r,f/ Opmypnf; qif;&Jwwfw,fqw kd hJ uHeYJ uHt usK;d awG[m vnf; rwlnDwJh tusdK;ay;awGomjzpfae w,f/ umvawGuvnf; jcm;aew,f w u,fjyeftcdk;cH&rSmvm;? wu,fqif;&JrSm vm; qdw k mvnf; aocsma&&mrI tm;enf;ae ygw,f/ cdk;vdkY jyefcdk;cH&? cdk;cH&olu jyefcdk; tJ' h v D q kd & kd if tmvH;k olc;kd awGcsnhf jzpf&awmh rvdkvdkygyJ/ tJh'Dawmh cdk;wJholuvnf; a&S; b0uH cd;k &r,fh uHygvmvdc Yk ;kd &wm owfwo hJ l uvnf; a&S;b0u owf&r,fh uHygvmvdYk owf&wm tm&HkusL;oluvnf; tm&HkusL;& r,fh uHygvmvdYk tm&Hu k sL;&wmqdNk y;D vkyMf u r,fqdk&if avmuBuD; ysufpD;MuawmhrSmyJ/ tckb0rSm aumif;uH raumif;uH awG u d k j yKvk y f v d k Y aoNyD ; aemuf b 0usrS aumif;raumif; tusKd ;awGukd cHpm;&r,f qdk wmukd Ak'&Jh "r*kPfawGeJY nDrnD ppfaq; Munfh&if b,f*kPfawGeJYrS rnDwmudk awGU &rSmyg/ tJ'gqd& k if tJ' hv D kd oabmw&m;rsKd ;udk Ak'bk&m;a[mMum;cJhwmqdkwm jzpfedkifyghr vm;vdYk aoaocsmcsm pOf;pm;xdu k y f gw,f/ tJh'Doabmw&m;rdsK;awGeJY a[mxm;wJh okwefawGvnf; yd#uwfawmfawGxJrSm yg csifygaerSmyg/ 'gayr,fh yd#uwfawmft wGi;f rSm ausmcsi;f uyf ajzmiha f jzmifBh u;D qefU usia f ewJh okwe a f wG trsm;Bu;D &dw S ,fqw kd m tdEd,pmayordkif; Ak'pmayu@pmtkyfudk zwfMunhf&ifyJ odedkifygvdrfhr,f/ t*Fkw&edum,f tAsmuw0*f t Asmuwok w e f r S m &[ef ; wd k Y ow 0 g aoNyD;onfrSaemuf jzpf\[laom t,l onf rdpm'dXdESifhwuG jzpfaom wyfrufrI wPSmwnf;(y)t,lonf rdpm'd|dESifhw
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uGjzpfaom rSwo f m;rIonmwnf; (y)t ,lonf rdpm 'dXu d r kd DS jzpf aomaxmifvm T ;rI rmewnf;(y) t,lonf oHo&mudk csJU xGifonfh 'dXd[laom yyOw&m;wnf; (y) t,lonf 'd|d[laom Oyg'gefwnf;/ &[ef;wdYk ow0gonf aoNy;D onfrS aemuf jzpf\[laom t,lonf 'd|d[laom pdw\ f azmufjyefrw I nf; vdYk yg&Sy d gw,f/ tJ' h D okwefrSmyJ aoNyD;onfrS aemufrjzpf? ow 0gaoNyD;onfrS aemufjzpfonf vnf ; [k w f \/rjzpf o nf v nf ; [k w f \ / ow0gaoNyD;onfrS aemuf jzpfonf vnf;r[kwf rjzpf onfvnf;r[kwf qkdwJh f UJ azmufjyefry I J t,ltqawGtm; vH;k udk pdw& vdkY a[mxm; ygw,f/ tJh'D aoNyD;aemuf jzpf? rjzpf? wcsdKU jzpf wcsKd Urjzpf? jzpfwmvnf;r[kwf rjzpfwm vnf; r[kwfqdkwJh t,l0g'awGudk ra[m ajym&wJh taMumif; (10)yg;udkvnf; Ak'u &Sif;jycJhygw,f/ 'gawG[m zrf;pm;wwf wJh t,lawGjzpfw,f/r,lrSm; c&D;qdk;BuD;jzpf w,f/ Nidrf;at;rIudk rjzpfapbl;/ NiD;aiGUrIudk rjzpfapbl;/ tpGJuif;zdkY rjzpfapbl;/ tod xl;zdkY rjzpfapbl;/ xdk;xGif;odzdkY rjzpfapbl;/ vGwfajrmufzdkY rjzpfapbl;vdkY Ak'u t aMumif;jycJy h gw,f/ wu,fvnf; 'gawG[m t,lawGyjJ zpfygw,f/ todx;l awG xd;k xGi;f odzdkYawG rjzpfapEdkifygbl;/ tJ'DvdkaoNyD; aemuf jzpf w ,f r jzpf b l ; vd k Y ,l & jcif ; &J h tjypfawGukd ajymcJhygw,f/ rmvkusykw okwfrSm igtJh'Dt,lawGudk ra[mvdkY ao r,fq& kd ifawmif ig uawmh ra[monfom vdkY ajymcJhygw,f/ jA[Zmvokwr f m S rdpm t,l0g' awG
(62)rsKd ;&Sw d mudk awGU&rSmyg/ uRef awmfww Ykd awG[m rdpm t,l0g'awGukd rdpm rSe;f rod&if wckckeJYawmh NidaeEdkifygw,f/ rdpmt,l0g' awG[m vlaxmif jrHK;eJYwlygw,f/ jrHK;xJrSm rdaeNyDqdk&if vGwfzdkYrvG,favmufygbl;/ udk,fudk,fwdkifu rdpm'dXd jzpfaewJhol[m udk,frdpm'dXd jzpfaerSef;vnf;rod olwyg; orm'dXd jzpfaewmudkvnf; rodbl;yJ jzpf rSmyg/ udk,fhrdpmudk ormxifaeawmh olU orm udv k nf; rdpm vdYk xifawmhwmygyJ/ ud, k f xife kH a YJ wmhvnf; ud, k r hf p d m u ormjzpfvm rSm r[kwfygbl;/ udk,fht,l0g'awGu w u,fh tppftrSef [kw& f UJ vm; oEX d u d qkw d hJ ud, k w f i kd f odEi kd w f w hJ &m;[kw& f UJ vm;qda k wmh a0zefqef;ppfoify h gw,f/ 'gaMumifh t"du ajymvdw k muawmh bk&m; ra[mcJw h hJ aoNy;D aemuf jzpfrjzpf pwJh rdpm'd|d t,lrsm;udk "r\ tE&m,frsm; jzpf r,lMuygeJv Y Ykd ajym &if;eJY usaemfa&;om;wJh pmrlav;udk ed*;kH csKyf vdu k & f ygw,f/
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rdwfaqG&if;jcmwpfa,mufeJY pum;ajymjzpfw,f/ olu tyg,fusrm S wtm;aMumufygw,f? edAm efra&muf awmif tyg,fuawmh vGwr f w S / hJ uRea f wmfuvnf; ajym&wm aygh/ wdA Yk ' k b mom0ifawGvYkd tyg,fbkH uydk aMumufp&m aumif;w,f/ umr ok*wdbe kH YJ ly? tlybHa k wGu tyg,f avmu aMumufp&m raumif;bl;vkYd odwhJ todu awmhjzifh vH;k 0w&m;r& Edi k w f hJ cdi k v f w kH hJ taMumif;y yJ vk/ Yd tyg,f u yd k a Mumuf p &m aumif;w,fqw kd m r[kwv f v Ykd m;wJ/ h tcki d t f rm odwt hJ wdi k ;f ar;vdu k f wmyg/ jrwfpm G bk&m;u YJ w l ,f/ usiBf u;D eJw Y w l ,f/ jrifjh rwfwo hJ & l UJ usiBf u;D yJ jzpfjzpf? ,kwn f o hH w l & Ykd UJ awmh b0awG[m rpifew usiBf u;D yJ jzpfjzpf pufqy k p f &m uawmhtwlwy l gyJv/ Ykd aemufNy;D tyg,fav;yg;qdw k hJ tjzpfuvnf; umrtmHa k wGukd um,uHtrSm;? 0pDut H rSm;? raemuHtrSm;awGeYJ vGeu f sL;vkjYd zpf&wmyg/ umr ok*wdawGuvnf; 'Dvy kd gyJ/ umrtmHk awGukd um,uHtrSm;? 0pDut H rSm;? raemuH trSm;awGeYJ vGef usL;vkjYd zpf&wmygyJ/ (umrokc vu d Eka,m*) lyb0awGuvnf; lytmHa k wGukd um,uHtrSm;? 0pDut H rSm;? raemuHtrSm; awGeYJ vGeu f sL;vdYk jzpf&wJt h jzpfawG&UJ trnfawGygyJ/ tlyb0awGuvnf; tlytmHa k wGukd um, uHtrSm;? 0pDut H rSm;? raemuHtrSm;awGeYJ vGeu f sL;vdjYk zpf&wJt h jzpfawG&UJ trnfawGyJ jzpfw,f/ (twudvrxEka,m*)ygyJ/ tJ'DawmhAsm - tyg,fb0a&m? umr ok*wdb0a&m? lygly b0awGa&m tjzpfav; rsKd ;vda Yk jymajym? avmuoH;k yg;vda Yk jymajym? umr? ly?tlyvdYk ajymajym? oH;k vlvYkd ajymajymayghAsm/ tm;vH;k [m oHca d we yOK yg'geuEm csn;f ygyJvYkd ajymvdu k & f w,f/ rdwa f qGa& - uRea f wmftckajym aewmawG[m "rpMumrSmygwJt h pGe;f awGukd uRea f wmfw& Ykd UJ aus; Zl;&Sif "r0[ d m&Dq&mawmf&UJ oifjycsua f wGt& uRea f wmfjrifwhJ tjrifawGyJ jzpfygw,f/
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cufwmu q&moifjywmudk wynfjh zpfoa l wG jrifwt hJ jrifawGuawmh rwlMubl;As? tckuRef awmfjrifwt hJ jrifu tjcm;olawGjrifwhJ tjrifeYJ wlcsir fw S r lm S ayghAsm/ Oyrmajym&&if tck q,fwef; pmar;yJBG u;D ajzaeMuw,f/ ar;cGe;f wlayr,fh tjrifjcif;rwlMuavawmh wcsKUd ajcmuf bmom*kPf xl;&w,f/ wcsKd U ig;bmom? wcsKd Uav;bmom? wpfcsKd UESp?f wpfcsKd Uwpf? wpfcsKd Uatmif Hk omatmif Muwm? wcsKd Uatmifawmif ratmifMu&Smbl;/ 'gtjrif rwlvA Ykd s/ jrwfpm G bk&m;vufxufuvnf; jrwfpm G bk&m;a[mMum;wJh w&m;"rawGtay:rSm tjrif rwl MuwmawG&c dS MhJ uwmygyJ/ jrwfpm G bk&m; oufawmfxif&m S ;&Sp d Ofuawmh jrwfpm G bk&m;u tqH;k tjzwf ay;wmqda k wmh jyemr&Sb kd ;l ayghAsm/ tckq,fwef;pmar;yGBJ u;D uvnf; ygarmuawG u ar;cGe;f awGxw k ?f txufwef;jyq&m? q&mrawGuppf? *kPx f ;l eJY usÎ;H qH;k jzwfay;Muw,f/ tqH;k tjzwfur kd auseyf&if ausmif;om;âusmif;olawGu rdrw d & Ykd UJ tajzvTmudk jyefawmif; qHk;jzwfcsufrSm;vsif rdrdtcGifhta&; rqHk;IH;&atmif jyefvnfawmif;cHvdkY&w,fAsm/ 'gvnf; jyemr&Sb d ;l AsKd U/ ppfaq;qH;k jzwfoa l wGu oufqi kd & f m bmom&yfawGrm S wufajrmufNy;D wm0ef cHEi kd r f a I wG? wm0ef,E l i kd r f a I wG&MdS uw,fAs/ w&m;rodwhJ ,ru&JU tjrifuw kd &m; odjrifNy;D qH;k cef;wdi k a f tmifusiNhf y;D oljrwfpm G bk&m;u qHk;jzwfwm/ q,fwef;ratmifao;ol ausmif;olâusmif;om;awG&JU tajzvTmawGudk q,fwef;atmif jrifNy;D bGUJ awG&xm;MuwJh olawGu qH;k jzwfMuwmAs/ q,fwef;rS ratmifjrif? q,fwef;rS ra&mufwo hJ a l wGu q,fwef;tajzvTmudk ppfaq;Ny;D usÎ;H awGukd qH;k jzwf&if rSeE f i kd f yghrvm;Asm/ rSeo f nfw h i kd a f tmif rawmfwq trSey f gyJAsm/ tckvnf; uRea f wmfwYkd Ak'b mom0if awG tjrifrwlMubl;Asm/ tyg,fbo kH m;awGq& kd if tvGef Bu;D udk qif;&JMuw,f/ cHpm;csua f wG qd;k vku d Mf uwm? tJ'c D p H m;csuq f ;kd wJh a0'emawGaMumifh a'greawGjzpf? a'grea0'emawGaMumifh a'greb0awGjzpf? b0awG aMumifh Zmwd? Z&m r&P? aomu? y&da'0awGjzpfeYJ umrbko H m; qHv k nfEm G ;wJA h sm/ cifAsm;uvnf; Gmjyef&OD;rSmqda k wmh tcse d & f ao;vm;As? uRea f wmfajymp&mawGu trsm; Bu;D As ... vka Yd jym&ao;w,f/ &ygw,fAsm? ajymyg? tcse d e f nf;enf;awmh&ygao;w,f/ rdwa f qGuajym&Smw,f/ 'Dvq dk & kd if uRea f wmfwq Ydk &morm; oifjyxm;wmawGuu kd Rea f wmfjrifwt hJ wki d ;f tajy; tvTm;uav; ajymr,fAsm/ onf;cHNy;D om em;axmifay;/ tyg,fbo kH m;awGtay: uRea f wmft h jrif ajym&&if..... tyg,fbo kH m;awG[m ....... (1) cifAsm;wku Yd cHpm;csuq f ;kd udy k J 'kur w S v f Ykd tyg,fukd aMumufMu wmyg/ uRea f wmfwYkd i,fpOfuvnf; tyg,fav;yg;okya f zmf yef;csu D m;awGuMkd unfNh y;D aMumufchJ Muygw,f/ 'kpdu k a f wG vGeu f sL;vkYd tjypfay;cH&wmaMumifh a0'emqif;&JawG cHpm;aeMu&yHa k wGayghAsm/ cHpm;csuf qif;&Jukd odwm[m a0'emu odwt hJ odyg/ jrwfpm G bk&m;u a0'emu odwt hJ odukd rajymcJb h ;l / bmjzpf vkv Yd nf;qda k wmh a0'emod[m oifp&mrvka d tmif odNy;D jzpfaevky Yd g/ jrwfpm G bk&m;u r*fPfer YJ S odv& Ykd wJh 'kut &d,opmudk a[mMum;cJw h myg/ wenf;ajym&&if r* 0da,s"raygh/ r*fqw kd m
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r&Sy d ?J r*fqkd wmrodye J YJ 'kut &d,opmudk vk;H vH;k rjrifEi kd y f gbl;/ rodEi dk y f gbl;/ rjrifye J ?YJ rodye J ?YJ aMumufw,fqw kd m pdwZ aMumufyg/ (2) cHpm;csur f qd;k wht J jyif aumif;awmifaumif;Muygw,f/ umrtmHa k wGukd cHpm;&wm [m ightwGuf taumif;qH;k jzpfw,f/ tvHNk cKH q;kH jzpfw,fvx Ykd ifwhJ udavom0#faMumifh umrtm Ha k wGukd &,lzBYkduKd ;pm;w,f/ BuKd ;pm;wJt h cg ud, k e f jYJ zpfap? EIwe f jYJ zpfap? rsuE fm S ae rsuE fm S xm;eJjY zpfap? olwyg; epfematmif vGeu f sL;&,lvu kd w f ,f/ 'Dve G u f sL;rI umrtukov kd u f H ocFg&awGaMumifh jyKvy k p f Ofutwdi k ;f tydt k vkr d &Sd 0dnmPf? emrfy k ?f oVm,we? z? a0'emqdw k hJ tusKd ;0dyguf Oyg'geuEm ig;yg; jzpfwmyg/ 'Dcp H m;csuf a0'em aumif;&zdw Yk enf;ajym&&if cHpm;csut f aumif; vkyt f m;c&zdYk umrtukov kd f ocFg& awGvy k Mf u&wmAsm/ ud, k p f u kd w f t hJ yif ud, k & f w d o f r d ;f ;&wm b,for l auseyfyJ &Sy d ghrvJ/ ajymcsiw f muawmh tyg,fom;awGvJ cHpm;csua f wGrqd;k Muygbl;/ vkya f qmifcsua f wGom rSm;Muwmyg/ cHpm;csua f umif;&zkYd vkyx f m;&wJh vkyt f m;&JUtusKd ;udk ausauseyfeyf 0rf;ajrmuf 0rf;omjzpfNy;D awmh 'Dvt kd jzpfuae aGUroGm;atmif aysmufysur f oGm;atmif pGp Jv JG ef;vef; zrf;qkyf &pfywfxm;&wJt h jzpfu Oyg'gefyg/ 'gaMumifh olUtjzpfoUl ae&mudk bmeJr Y u S kd rvJEi kd y f gbl;/ tJ..tJ'gav;vnf;yJ wqufwnf; ajymvku d y f gOD;r,f/ uRea f wmfuvnf; 'kut &d , opmqdw k m cHpm;csuq f ;kd r[kwy f gbl;/ tJ'D oDvysuw f m&JUtjzpfygvdYk qdw k t hJ jrifuaeNy;D awmh b,fawmhrS rpGev Yf w T y f gbl;/ ae&mcsi;f awmh rvJEi kd y f gbl; vd. Yk ..........
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'DZi dk ;f emwpfa,muf yef;csq D &mwpfa,muf tif*sie f , D mwpfa,muf olwp Ykd w d u f ;l olwy Ykd a kH zmf 0wfpw kH pfck yef;casu D m;wpfcsyf wdu k ?f tdrw f pfv;kH MunfMunfvifvif xifxif&m S ;&Sm; yDyjD yifjyif taumiftxnf kyv f ;kH ay:cJ/ h
taMumif;tusKd ; vky& f yfjzpf&yf qufpyfEi kd jf cif;\jy,k*f aMumif;usKd ;qufe, d mr/ ed,mr aoGzD ya0oPDum G[ tcse d a f wG b0jcm; vky& f yfjzpf&yf qufpyfr& 'gpdwZ .../ /
udo k pm - tnmajr
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vlqdkwm wpfa,mufwnf;aexdki fvQif r&yg/ t&G,fa&mufvmygvQif ESpf a,mufaexdi k r f S (usm;?r)ESpa f ,muf aexdi k f rSom xda k exdi k r f u I kd vifr,m;tjzpf todt rSwf jyKMuygonf/ vifr,m;jzpfvmvQif a,mur? nDtud?k armifEr S rsm;ESihf twlae xdi k o f nfh rdom;pkav; jzpfvm&onf/ rdom; pkuvnf wpftdrfaxmifwnf; r[kwf? tdrf axmifrsm; pkaygif; tkyp fz k UJG ? xkd tkyp f k &Gmrsm; pkaygif; NrKd Ue,f? NrKd Ue,frsm;pkaygif; cdi k f wdi k ;f jynfe,f? wdi k ;f ESijhf ynfe,frsm; pkaygif; Edi k i f t H jzpf wnfaxmif&ygonf/ Edi k i f r H sm;pk aygif; urmtjzpf todtrSwf jyKMuyg onf/ urmr ho d m;pk Eki di fr H sm;tjzpf urmay: &Sd EkdifiHrsm;pkaygif; aexdkifMuygonf/ vlawGrSm wpfOD;eJYwpfOD; vlrsKd;bm omra&G; vlrIqufqHrIawG jyKMu&ygonf/ wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; um,uH? 0pDuH? raemuH wnf;[laom udk,fjyKrI? EIwftajymtqdk?
pdwftBuHtpnfawG eJYqufqHMu&ygonf/ pm;a&;? 0wfa&;? aea&;? xki d a f &;? pD;yGm;a&;? ynma&;? usr;f rma&;? Edi k i f H a&;? bmoma&;? vlrq I ufqa H &; tpp ta&;rsm;jzifh qufqH Mu&ygonf/ qufq& H onfh tcgwdi k ;f uk, d f jzifhjyKrlrI? EIwfjzifhajymqdkqufqHrI rsufESm aersuE f m S xm;jzifh qufqr H r I sm; jyKvy k Mf uyg onf/ xdkqufqHrIwdkYwGif rw&m;wJh tjyK trl ajymqdq k ufqr H u I kd vlom;rSeo f rQ rnf olrQESpfouf vufcHMurnfr[kwfyg/ w&m;wJh tjyKtrl? tajymtqd?k pdwf ae pdwx f m;udo k m vlrsK;d ra&G;? bmomra&G; rSeforQ vufcHMuygonf/ qufqHMuwJht xJrSm ... (1) ud, k t f om&aumif;pm;Ny;D wpfzufom; xdcdkufepfemrIjzifh qufqHol? (2)udk,fepfemcHNyD; wpfzufom; BuD;yGm;csrf; omrIudk vdkvm;NyD; qufqHol?
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(3) udk,fvnf;xdcdkufepfemrI&Sd? olwpfyg; vnf; epfematmifqufqHol? (4) udk,fvnf; xdcdkufepfemrIr&Sd? olwpfyg; vnf; xdcu kd e f pfemrIr&S?d qufqw H o hJ ?l [l vlwef;pm; av;rsdK;&Sdygonf/ av;rsdK;wkdU wGif aemufq;kH jzpfaom oluo kd m aygif;oif; qufqo H ify h gonf/ vlom;avmuBuD;u Nidrf;csrf;Mu onfrSm wpfOD;ESpfwpfOD;tay: udk,fEIwf ESvHk;aumif;rsm; ysufjym;aeaomaMumifh jzpfygonf/ ud, k ?lf EIw?f ESv;kH rsm; raumif;Mu vQif vlom;tcsif;csif; nDnGwfMurnf r [kwy f g/ nDnw G r f I r&Sa d omolrsm; twlwuG aexdkifjcif;onf rNidrf;csrf;jcif;yif jzpfyg onf/ jrwfpm G bk&m;uvnf; or*geH wayg okacg/ or*geH - nDnGwfaomolwdkY\ ? wayg-aumif;rGefaom udk,fEIwfESvHk; t usifhonf okacg -csrf;om\vdkY a[mcJh wm&Sy d gw,f/ a[majymcsuu f kd Munfy h gu avmuBuD; rNidrf;csrfrIrsm; jzpfaejcif;onf twlwuG aexdkifolrsm; rnDnGwfaeaom aMumifhyifjzpfygonf/ wpfOD;eJYwpfOD; ppf awGjzpfaeMuwm bmoma&;awGukd tajccH NyD; owfjzpfaeMuwm bmoma&; rkef;wD;rI awG &SdaeMuwmawG[m udk,fEIwfESvHk; rSm; ,Gif;aeMuwmawGygyJ/ "r0[ d m&Dq&mawmfuvnf; w&m; acG wpf c k r S m a[mMum;xm;wmav;ud k emMum;rdygw,f/ avmurSm rNidrf;csrf;qHk; t&mudk ajymygqdkvQif vlwpfa,mufeJY vl wpfa,muf rwnfw h m[m rNir d ;f csr;f qH;k ygyJ wJh tJh'gawmifta0;rSm aeaewJholawGeJY rwnfw h mu awmfcsia f wmf tH;k r,fh twlwl aewJo h c l si;f rwnfb;l qd& k ifawmh ydNk y;D rNir d ;f csrf;edkifbl; bmjzpfvdkYvnf;qdk awmh rwnfh
wJholawGeJY twlwlae&NyDqdkawmh rwnfhwJh ol&UJ rsuE f m S udjk rif&wm b,fvv kd y k f pdwc f sr;f omed k i f r vJ / ol u vnf ; pd w f c srf ; omrS m r[kwfovdk udk,fuvnf; pdwfcsrf;omrSm r[kwfygbl;/ 'gaMumifh twlwlaewJholawG rwnfwm[m rNir d ;f csr;f qH;k t&mjzpfw,fvYkd q&mawmfua[mcJhygw,f/ aemufwpfcg avmurSm tNidrf;csrf;qHk; t&mudkajymyg qdk&ifvnf; usefwJhedAefwdkY r*fwdkYzdkvfwdkY pum;Bu;D pum;us,a f wGeYJ ajymraecsib f ;l wu,ftNir d ;f csr;f qH;k t&muawmh twlwl aewJo h l nDnw G w f m[m tNir d ;f csrq f ;kH ygyJw/ hJ [kwfygw,f nDnGwf&if Nidrf;csrf;wmygyJ/ nDnw G y f gvQue f YJ rNir d ;f csr;f ygbl;vdYk ajymp&m r&Sy d gbl;/ vifeJYr,m; om;eJYtrd nDeJYtudk armifeJYESrMum;rSm wpfOD;eJYwpfOD; pum; av;awGrsm;Mu&NyDqkd&ifawmif awmfawmf udk pdwfrcsrf;romjzpf&wmygyJ/ 'guawmh vlawG awmfawmfrsm; jzpfzl;aeMut&m awGygyJ/ nDnGwfaewJh tcsdef&,f rnDnGwf aewJhtcsdef&,f b,ft&mu aumif;ovJ qdw k m odMuwmygyJ/ vlawG bmaMumifh rnD nGww f mvnf;qd& k if wpfO;D eYw J pfO;D ud, k E f w I f ESv;kH awG raumif;Muvdy Yk gyJ/ ud, k E f w I E f v S ;kH awG aumif ; w,f q d k & if rwnf h p &m t aMumif; bmrSr&Sdygbl;/ avmurSm nDnGwf w,fqw kd muvnf; wpfO;D eJw Y pfO;D ud, k E f w I f ESvHk;awG aumif;MuvdkYygyJ/ 'gaMumifh Nidrf; csrf;csifw,fqdk&if nDnGwfMu&ygr,f/ 'g[m txl ; ajymaep&mawmif vdr k ,frxifygbl;/ vlyo D wJh vlwef;pm;? ESv;kH om;jzLpifNy;D w&m;wJh tjyKtrl? tajymtqd?k BuHpnfrIeJY qufqHMurSmomvQif vGwfvyf? aysmf&Tif? Nidrf;csrf;? nDnGwfrI &rSm trSefjzpf
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ygw,f/ xdkoludk dk;om;ol? jzLpifol? ,Of aus;ol? jrifhjrwfol (t&d,) [l ac:qdk xdkufygonf/ rdrdudk,fudk rdrd um,uH aumif;? 0pDua H umif;? raemuHaumif;awGeYJ aexdi k Nf y;D ud, k E f i S hf qufqc H & H olawGuv kd nf; [kwr f e S u f sK;d &Sw d hJ jyKr?l ajymqd?k Bup H nfra I wGeYJ qufqHMuvQif A[kZe[dwm,? A[kZeok cg,? avmumEkurm,udk jyKpkxdef;odrf;o uJo h Ykd jzpfygonf/ vla Y vmuBu;D om,m? Nir d ;f csrf;rItjynfhjzifh aexdkifEdkifrSm jzpfygonf/ vlqdkonfrSm vlyDozdkY dk;om;jzLpif ol? ,Ofaus;ol? jrifjh rwfo?l ud, k u f siw hf &m; aumif;rGeo f a l wGjzpfzYkd vdt k yfygw,f/ wpfO;D ESifhwpfOD; qufqH&mrSm tjyKtrl(3)rsKd;? t ajym? tqdk(4)rsKd;? tBuHtpnf(3)rsKd;ESifh qufqHMu&ygonf/ rw&m;wJh qufqHrI (10)rsKd ;? w&m;wJh qufqr H ( I 10)rsK;d eJY qufqH &ygw,f/ vl vlcsif; qufqH&mrSm owfrIr ajrmufaomfvnf; wpfzufom;rSm aocsif avmufatmif pdwfqif;&JrIrsm; jzpfatmif jyKr?l ajymqd?k Bup H nfr?I wpfyg;olyi kd f ypn;f rsm; ydkif&Sifrod? cGifhjyKrIr&SdyJ &,lrIrsKd;? rsufaph? em;? ESm? vQm? udk,fjzifh ig;0tmHk umr *kPfwdkYjzifh vGefusL;rI/ 0pDuH(4)rsKd;jzifh vGefusL; qufqHrI? vlwpf OD;ESifhwpfOD; rdr& d &S& d eftwGuf vdrv f nf vSnz hf sm;ajymqdk rI ? Murf ; Murf ; wrf ; wrf ; ajymqd k r I ? qJqjkd cif;trI/ wpfO;D ESiw hf pfO;D nDnw G a f erI udk rnDnw G a f tmif? ysujf ym;atmif? twif;
tzsif;ajymqdkrI/ wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; pum; ajymqd& k m tESpr f a hJ ompum;? tydet f zsi;f pum;? r[kwr f rSe?f tusK;d r&Sa d om pum;rsm; ajymqdr k / I raemuHwnf;[laom pdwjf zifh wpf zufom;xdcdkufepfematmif BuHpnfrIwnf; [laom um,uH? 0pDu?H raemuH rw&m;rI rsm;jzifh qufqy H gu vlom;tm;vH;k 'kuq if; &J a&mufMu&rSm jzpfygw,f/ qif;&J'ku a&mufapwwfaom taMumif;udk od&Sdem; vnfNyD; z,f&Sm;rIjyKvQuf 'kuNidrf;rIudk yGm; rsm;vQif 'kuNidrf;&m trSefudk a&muf&Sd? cHpm;EdkifMurSmjzpf ygw,f/ xdkYaMumifh vlom;tm;vHk; vlyDo Edi k Mf uygap/ d;k om;jzLpifo( l t&d,)rsm; jzpf Muygap/ Nidrf;csrf;rIudk tjynfht0 cHpm; EdkifMuolrsm; jzpfMuygapaomf0f..... /
armifNidrf;csrf;(y0g&Pm)
(peacepay@gmail.com)
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ed'gef;/ / pum;0di k ;f odYk yg0ifaqG;aEG;vdk olrsm;onf rnfonfv h r l sLd ; rnfonfb h mom0ifrqdk aqG;aEG; ydkifcGifh &Sdygonf/ (1) wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; pum;vkrajym&yg/ (2) wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; jiif;cHkajymqdkjcif;r&Sd&yg/ (3) vlwpfOD; wpfpHktwGuf xdcdkufepfem apaom pum;rsm;rygap& a&Smif&Sm;ajymqdk&rnf/ (4) rnfonhfvlrsdK; rnfonfhbmom 0ifjzpfjzpf vufcHEdkifaom pum;vHk;udkom ajymqdk&rnf/ (5) vlom;tm;vH;k vku d e f musio hf ;kH vd& Yk wJh vlom;tm;vH;k tusKd ;jzpfxe G ;f MuapzdYk vlom;tm;vH;k csrf;omokc&MuapzdkY avmuvlom;tm;vHk; &dk;om;jzLpifolrsm;jzpfMuNyD;vQif vGwfvyfaysmf &Tif Nidrf;csrf;jcif;ESifh nDnGwfpGm wnfaqmufedKifMuzdkY jzpfygonf/ (6) rdrdwdkYodwmukd taxmuftxm; cdkifvHkpGmjzifh odw,fvdkYajymNyD; rodwmudk rodaMumif; 0efcHajym&rnf/ (7) wpfO;D ajympum;ukd wpfO;D u aocsmem;axmifNy;D olpum;ajymqd k Ny;D qH;k rS rdru d jyefvnf wifjyedi k y f gw,f/ ol\acsycsufudk auseyfonfjzpfap rauseyfonfjzpfap ocFef;pm rSwfwrf;wifxm; yg&ef/ vli,frsm; aqG;aEG;aeonfrm S em&D0uf cefMY umNyjD zpfojzifh touf(75)ESpt f &G,f tbd;k tdk wpfa,mufu om;om;wdkY bbudk 'Dpum;0dkif;xJ 0ifcGifhay;yg [kawmif;qdkvmojzifh vli,f rsm;xJrS wpfa,mufaom vli,fu bbtaeeJY yg0ifHkrQru tBuHjyKaqG;aEG;ay;yg&efvnf; vli,frsm; udk,fpm; uRefawmf armifrsdK;rif;axG;uyJ awmif;qdkygw,f [kawmif;qdkavonf/ bbu armifwdkYaqG;aEG;aewJh pum;0dkif;xJrSm (1) vlrSefvQif &dk;omjzLpifol jzpfvQif taumif;qHk; (2) aemufwpfa,mufu vlrSefvQif udk,fcsif;pmemwwfol jzpf&r,f/ (3) aemufwpfa,mufu vlre S v f Qif pm&dwa umif;aom vlaumif;wpfa,mufjzpf&r,f/ (4) aemufwpfa,mufu vlre S v f Qif ,Ofaus;ol pdwx f m;jrifjh rwfol wpfa,ufjzpf&r,f/ (5) aemufwpfOD;u vlrSefvQif pdwZuif;ol udk,fESKwfESvHk; rSefuefoljzpf&r,f/ (6) aemufwpfOD;u um,uH 0pDuH raemuH aumif;awGeJY [kwfrSeftusdK;&SdNyD; ajymol emol repfemonfh jyKrlqufqHrSKawGeJY qufqHoljzpf&r,f/ tJ'Dvdk vli,frsm; aqG;aEG;aewmudk Mum;&wm bb0ifNyD; em;axmif aqG;aEG; ajym csip f w d a f wG ay:aygufvmNy;D ,ckvkd yg0ifci G hf awmif;qd& k wm jzpfygw,f/ bbi,f emrnfuf
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oef;Nir d ;f ,ck touf ckEp S f q,hi f g;ESpa f usmv f mawmhbbNir d ;f ayghu, G f bbudk yg0ifaqG;aEG;cGihf ay;awmh bbawGU BuKH jzwfoef;cJ& h wJb h 0 tawGUtBuKH eJY todtjrifawGukd armifww Ydk awGrS tp aemifvmaemifom;rsm; rdsK;qufopfwdkY wdk;wuf&pfzdkY tBuHjyKajymqdkyg&ap/ vli,frsm;u vnf; bbaajymay;yg[k awmif;qda k eMuonf uRea f wmf wdYk ajymqda k qG;aEG;MuwJh pum;awGxJ rSm trSm;ygvQif jyifqifay;ygbb/ vdkvQifjznfh pGufay;NyD; ydkvQifvnf; ESKwfy,fay;zdkY awmif; yefygw,f bb / (1) uRefawmfemrnfu armifrsdK;rif;axG; jrefrmvlrsdK;jzpfNyD; Ak'bmom0ifyg / (2) uRefawmfhemrnfuawmh armif&mZm tpvmrfbmom0if wpfa,mufyg/ (3) uRefawmfh emrnfuawmh &rf;qm;*srf; [dELbmom0if wpfa,mufyg/ (4)uRef a wmh emrnf u apmausmf a Zmyg u&if v l r sd k K ;jzpf N yD ; c&p , mef b mom 0ifwpfa,mufyg/ (5)uRefawmfhuawmh armifaevif;yg/ uRefawmfuawmh vlawGarG;aotwGif; vlawG nDnGwfatmif aysmf&Gifatmif csrf;ajrUatmif jyKrlajymqdk taexdkifawGeJYbJ aexdkifajym qdkBuH pnfoGm;r,fvdkYawG; ac:xm;ygw,f / (6) uRefawmfh emrnfuawmh armifNidrf;csrf;yg jrefrmvlrdsK;jzpfygw,f b,fbmomrS rudk;uG,fygbl;? vGwfvyfpGmawG;ac:NyD; vlom;tm;vHk;tusdK;&Sdapr,f jyKrlajymqdk pdwfae pdwfxm;awGeJY aexdkifoGm; rSmyg/ bbNidrf;/ / armifwdkYpum;0dkif;xJrSm vlrsdK;pHk bmompHk yg0ifwJh tjyif rnfonfh bmomrS rudk;uG,f wJhvludkvnf;awGY&awmh bbu tvGef0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om jzpf&ygw,f/ ajymwJh pum;awGuvnf; vlom;wdkif; vdkufemusifhoHk;vQif vGwfvyfaysmf&Tif Nidrf;csrf;NyD; nDnGwfwJh pum;awGjzpfaewmukd awGY&vdkY 0rf;omrqHk; wNyHK;NyHK;ayghuGm? vlqdkwm wpfa,mufwnf; aexdkifwJh ow0gr[kwf pkaygif;aexdkifMuwJholawG jzpfMu w,f/ wpfa,mufxJaevQifawmh vlaygh/ wpfa,mufxufydkNyD; pkaygif;aexdkifwmudkawmh avmuvda Yk c:&wmaygh? vl avmuqdw k hJ pum;vnf;&Sw d ,fav vlawG&p hJ ma&; 0wfa&;? aea&; xdkifa&;qufqHa&;pwJh vlrSKa&; awG&SdMuw,fav 'Dta&;awGeJY wpfOD;eJYwpfOD;qufqHMuwJh tcg w&m;wJh tjyKtrltajymqdk pwJh pdwfaepdwfxm;awG rw&m;wJhtjyKtrl tajymtqdk pdwfaepdwfxm;awGeJY qufqH&wmawG&Sdw,f qufqHrSKu ESpfrsdK;&Sdw,f rw&m;wJh jyKrlajymqdk qufqr H w I &m;wJh jyKrl ajymqdq k ufqr H I rw&m;wJh jyKrl ajymqdk Mup H nf rIua kd wmh 'kp&du k r f w&m;rI rormrIawGaygh 'kua&mufapwmaygh/ w&m;wJhjyKrl ajymqdkBuHpnfrIudkawmh okp&dkufw&m;rI ormrI? 'DtrIukd usifhoHk;vdkufemoludkawmh t&d,molawmfaumif; &dk;om;jzLpifolawGayhg/ 'kp&du k u f kd usio hf ;kH ol[m okp&du k a f wGaysmufw,f okp&du k u f sio hf ;kH oluawmh 'kp&du k a f wGaysmufrm S aocsmw,f / 'kp&du k r f m S um,uH vGeu f sL;rI oH;k rsKd ;? 0pDuv H e G u f sL;rI av;rsKd ;? raemuHve G u f sL;rI oHk;rdsK; .. aygif;q,frsdK;&Sdw,f/ (1) um,uHac: udk,feJY qufqHvGefusL;rIoHk;rdsK; (u) olwpfyg;&Jh toufudk owfjzwfnSif;qJwm
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(c) ydkif&Sif&Sdaom ypnf; udk cdk;0Sufvk,uf tedkifusifh,lwm (*) ig;umrudk rsufpd em; ESm vQm udk,f pdwf eJYvGefusL;rI (2) 0pDuHac: ESKwfeJYvGefusK;rIav;rsdK; (u) r[kwfrrSef vdrfnmvSnfhjzm; ajymqdkrI (c) vltrsm;Mum;vdkYrS ravQmfwJh em;rcHomwJh qJqdkBudrf;armif; zdESdyfajymqdkrI (*) vltcsi;f csi;f nDnw G a f erIukd NyKd ua JG tmif ysujf ym;atmif *ke;f acsmpum;ajym Mum;rI (C) olvnf; tusdK;r&Sd udk,fvnf; tudsK;r&Sd odrfzsif;aom pum;jzifhajymqdkrI (3) pdwfjzifh vGefusL;rSKu oHk; rsdK; (u) tacsmif&csifwJhpdwfjzifh avmbpdwfjzifh BuHpnfrI (c) olwpfyg;tm; ysufpD;atmifzsufqD;vdkrI (a'go) (*) tjriftawG; tajymtvkyf tae BuKd ;pm; ed;k Mum; pdwx f m;rsm; vGr J m S ;rI r[kww f mudk t[kwx f if? trSm;udk trSex f if? trSeu f kd trSm;xif? trSet f rSm; taumif;tqd;k taMumif;tusKd ; rodrI(arm[) 'gawG[m rw&m;awGayhg / Oyrm/ /olwyg;ypn;f cd;k ,low l pfa,mufqy kd gawmh rcd;k rDu vlaumif;wpf a,mufaygh? olc;kd ,lvu kd r f S olc;kd jzpf (csujf cif;jzpf) uH-uH\ vufawGUtusKd ;aygh/ ydi k & f i S ( f odYk )&J (od) Yk tkyc f sKyo f l tBu;D tuJrsm; rdonfjzpfap? rrdonfjzpfap b,fem;rSmyke;f tdyf aeae olc;kd tjzpfu aysmufroGm; bl;/ tJ' h v D u l kd b,fou l ESpo f ufvufca H ygif;oif;csir f vJ b,for l S aygif;oif;csif vufcc H siMf u rSmr[kwfbl;/ 'Dvlwpfa,muf[m ysufpD;aeolwpfa,muf pdwZjzpfaeol? rvSry jzpfaeol? olu Y , kd o f l rydi k q f i kd o f w l pfa,muf jzpfNya D ygh/ udavo0#fvnfaeoljzpfNya D ygh/ olc;kdf ow0g jzpfNy;D cdk;csifpdwfawG x<urif;rlaevdkY cdk;awmh olcdk;jzpf? cdk;vkdY &wmav;oHk;pJG b0ifus? b0ifusawmh Nip d e G ;f ? ck;d &mygypn;f ukd ok;H jzKe;f vkYd ukec f ef;vmwJt h cg raeEdi k f ck;d csip f w d a f wGjyefx? ck;d rIjyK? ck;d awmh olckd;jzpf? tJ'DvkdeJUolckd;b0u rvGwfajrmufEdkifbJ 0#foHo&mtxyfxyf &pfywfNyD; touf aoqHk;NyD;vnf; b0orkdif; wpfckusefcJhwmaygh (olckd; )/ vl"rwmrsua f phtmHk em;tmHt k zHz k e kH a YJ wGavaomf trSea f emufrvku d f uk, d t hf BuKd ue f YJ uk, d f aumif;aumif;qk;d qk;d tusKd ;ESpr f sKd ;cHpm;&Nrw J nf;/ taumif;cHpm;&awmhvnf; raemrSmr0 raumif; cHpm;&awmhvnf; oabmrSmruseJY topf&rnfhtaumif;ukd awmifhwrGwfodyfonf/ rGwfodyfawmh&SmazG? &SmazGawmh&Sd? &SdawmhoHk;pJG? oHk;pJGawmhNidpGef;? NidpGef;awmh ukd,hf[mrSwf? uk, d [ hf mrSwa f wmh o0efw?dk o0efwa dk wmh apmifa h &Smuf? apmifa h &Smufawmh b0trsKd ;rsKd ;awGU&wm aygh/ 'kwfqGJ "m;qJG&wJh b0onfvnf; b0? usifhBuHBudK;ukwf tm;xkwf&jcif;onfvnf; b0/ b0&awmh 0dnmOfay:? 0dnmOfay:awmh pdwa f wG uk, d a f wGx? pdwa f wGu, dk a f wGxawmh tmHe k YJ xdcu dk ?f tmHe k YJ xdcu kd a f wmh cHpm;rIawGjzpfNy;D cHpm;rIawG ysu& f pd;k &drf ylaqG; ida k <u ;'kua &muf? 'kua &mufawmh rdu k u f ef;? rku d u f ef;awmh uk, d b hf 0 ordi k ;f uk, d r f jrif? uk, d f rjrif awmh uk, d r f o?d rodawmh &rf;vkyf? &rf;vkyfawmh 'kua&muf? 'kua&mufawmh 'kua&mufrSef;rod? 'kuoHo&m csmcsmvnfawmhonf/
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(maunggsateta@gmail.com)
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OD;aywdUk uda k um rif;aygif;oifo h l raygif;oifo h l odEi kd z f Ukd b,fvkd tjrifeMYJ unhr f vJ.. rif;b,fvkd tjrifea JY ygif;&if tusKd ;rsm;rvJ rif;aygif;Edi kz f Ukd b,fvjkd rifatmifMunhr f v/J OD;aywdYk OD;Adu k w f Ukd [m.. &kyfemrftpkta0;BuD;yJ.."mwfBuD;av;yg;eJU zGJpnf;xm;wJh tykwfaumifBuD;awGyJ/ aoG;awG jynfawG eJU&Gp H &mBu;D awGyv J Ukd jrifatmif&jI y;D aygif;oifr h aygif;oifq h ;Hk jzwfrvm;.OD;aywdUk OD;Adu k f wdUk [m vlawGyg..a,musm;f Bu;D awGyg.. xdya f jymifajymifeUJ vlu OD;ayaygh/ t&ufyv k if;Bu;D wum;um;eJU ,dr;f xd;k aewJh olu OD;Adu k a f yghvYkd tJ' h v D jkd rifatmifBunhNf y;D aygif;oifh raygif;oifh pOf;pm;rvm;..../ OD;aywdkU OD;AdkufwdkU[m vlawGyJ/olwdkU[m vlaumif;awGvm;..vlqdk;awGvm;../ aygif;oifw h hJ vlawGvm;..raygif;oifw h hJ vlawGvm;/ remvd0 k efwkd odyr f sm;wJo h a l wGvm;/ wzuf om;udk ESy d u f y G w f wfwhJ olawGvm; az;rulnD wwfwv hJ a l wGvm;? ighukd aumif;usKd ;jyKeKd io f l awGvm;.. qd;k usKd ;jyKeKd io f a l wGvm;.. tJ'v D jkd rifatmif BunfNh y;D aygif;oifh raygif;oifh pOf;pm;r vm;/ uJ b,ftjrifu rif;ukd tusKd ;rsm;r,f xifovJ/ 'gaBumifh twdc k sKya f jym&&if.. vlukd &kya f wGemrfawGvUkd jrifwmvnf; rrSm;bl;/ 'gayr,hf tJ'v D kd &Iym G ;vdYk &&Se d Kd iw f hJ tusKd ;w&m;.. vlukd vlvjYkd rifatmifMunfz h Ukd .. rde;f rudk rde;f rvdUk jrifatmifMunfz h Ukd a,musm;f udk a,musm f; tazudt k azvdUk jrifatmifBunfz h Ykd 'Dvo kd v d Ukd &&Se d Kd iw f hJ tusKd ;w&m;aemuf vlukd vlvjYkd rifNy;D wJh aemuf 'Dv[ l m aumif;olvm; qd;k olvm; iguaum aumif;olvm; qd;k olvm;.. jrifatmif Bunhv f Ukd &&Se d Kd iw f hJ tusKd ;w&m; rif;pOf;pm;prf;aZmufx;kd wJ/ h uJajym&wmvJ rsm;oGm;ygw,f/ OD;y&rwf&,f/ OD;orkwd&,f/ OD;t&d,&,fqdkwJh uRea f wmhq f &mawG t&Iym G ;cki d ;f wJh jrifatmiftMunfc hi kd ;f wJh t&mawGua kd wmh uRea f wmfh rdwa f qGrsm; udk wifjyNy;D oGm;ygNy/ D igaZmuf xk;d [m &kye f mrfEp Sy f g;eJU "mwfBu;D av;yg; tpkta0;Bu;D yJvUkd uRea f wmf &Iym G ;ae&rvm; / igaZmufx;kd [m a,musm f ;wpfa,muf.. vlysKd wpfa,muf.. vlom;wpf a,mufjzpfw,fvUkd uRea f wmf&y I m G ;ae&rvm;/ igaZmufx;kd [m aumif;wJo h v l m;.. raumif;wJh olvm;/ aumif;wmawG jyKvy k ?f ajymqd?k Bup H nfaeolwv hJ m; raumif; wmawGrsm; jyKvy k f ajymqdk Bup H nfaeolwv hJ m; .. qdNk y;D ud, k u hf , kd u f kd jrifatmif owdxm;Ny;D uRea f wmf &Iym G ; ae&rvm;/ uRea f wmfu h kd wpfcc ka k wmh ajymqda k y;BuygOD;/ vrf;nTea f y;BuygOD;vdUk ..ajymBum;&if;eJUy Y J uRea f wmf&hJ wifjyrIav;udk tqH;k owfvu kd & f ygw,f/
aZmufx;kd (www.mandalaygazette.com wGia f zmfjyxm;aom ydp k hf jzpfygonf/)
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tck wuRef;rSm pHaysmfaewJh jrefrmjynfajrmufzsm; awmifpOftxyfxyfMum;u wpfuRef;rSm pHaysmf igwkdY&JU tvHawmf --(toufpGefYqHzsm; wvlvlvGifhvkdY aygh) 'DtvHawmfeJY igwkdYb0&JU tcif;tusif; tenf;i,f&Sif;jycGifhjyKyg/ tpdwfpdwftrTmrTm uGJaewJhpdwf 'Dpdwfudk vHkNcHKat;csrf;atmifxm;zdkY BudK;pm;&if; ArmvlrsdK;awG tm;vkH;&JU xHk;pHtwdkif; dk;&mtrSm;eJY aeMuovdk -ig[m rSm;,Gif;tcsdefawG ukefqHk;cJhzl;w,f/ tckawmh EGrf;vsNyD; raysmfwJhpdwf? a&m*gtjynfheJY udk,fcEm aeYpOfacgufdk;usdK;aewJh b0awGtaMumif; jyefajym&&ifawmif - wpfcgu q,fjym;aph usaysmufoavmuf bmrS ta&;rygawmh --vlawGMum;rSm tydktvkdr&Sdaewwf? b0udk [efcsufnDnD csDwuf? pdwfeJY kyfudk o[Zmwjzpfatmif rdwfqufay; vGwfvyfNidrf;csrf;a&; vrf;ray:rSm a[h ! vmMu - avsmufajymr,f? 'g[m b0wpfckvHk;udk ajymif;vJapcJhwJh 'e ---
igwkdY tvHawmf&JU 'e 'g[m tdyfrufr[kwf? 'g[m vif;wcg? arSmifwvnfh aewwfwJh v-wpfpif;r[kwf 'g[m b0- b0wkdif; ajAmif;qefaewJh tIyfawGudk &Sif;NyD; OD;aPSmufawGudk tvif;ay;wJh 'e -- wpfckjzpfw,f/ rmefewfrif;rSm-vufHk;wpfaxmif&Sdw,f--qdkwm Mum;aeMu oDcsif;wpfyk'fyJvm; tJ'DvufHk;wpfaxmifeJYa&;wJh ordkif;aygif; wpfaxmifay:rSm ,ck tcsdefxd igwdkY&JU tvHawmf[m o&zlaqmif; rysuf? wvlvlvTifhvsufygyJ 'DtvHawmfudk--'DaeY - 'Dae&muae OD;Twf*kPfjyKvkdufygw,f/-----/
wpfuRef;pH tjyefvrf;udk BudKqdkaeMuolrsm; (ariyathits@gmail.com)
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] bk;d av; &d,myxrQw&JUaemf ... rQwygw,f armifaumif;pH .. ] aeUtm;&uf we*FaEGro Ykd v d w kd m ar;zda Yk &mufvmwmyg bd;k av; ... tif; ... [dw k e*FaEGu {uwo ba0qdw k hJ oH;k q,fw h pfbu kH kd tpmraMubl;xif w, w,f.. ] [kww f mayghb;dk av;&m ...{uwoba0udk bd;k av;uajray: jzpfpOf tajctaeqda k wmh odyNf y;D tpmraMucsib f ;l ... ajray:jzpfpOfqa kd yr,fh vl&UJ wpfvr H Qavmuf&w dS hJ cEmud, k a f y:rSmqkw d mudk armifaumif;pH taeeJY tpm raMuawmh yx0Dajray: jzpfpOfeYJ aumif;uifay:ujzpfpOfrsm;xifaeovm;.. ] trSey f b J ;dk av; q&mhq&mrsm;a[morQ od&wmuawmhajr&JUxufatmufqa kd wmh usaemfvJ 'Dvy kd J oabmaygufae&ygw,f ... armifaumif;pH&UJ q&mhq&mawGu uHowe db YJ q kH w kd X hJ meudk trSwr fm S ;cJ& h mu trSm;Mumawmh trSef xifaeMuwmjzpfygvdrr hf ,f ... ] 'gqk& d ifo;kH q,fw h pfbu kH uHrm S ;jyKvy k r f a I Mumifh jzpf&wmvm;bk;d av; ... [kww f mayghAsm uHrm S ;jyKvy kr fa I Mumifh umv? Xme? ya,m* rjcm;yJ vlay:rSm b0rSm;awGukd &wmaygh ... ] b,fvb dk 0rSm;awGukd &wmvJqw kd mudk ajymygOD;bk;d av; ... b0rSm;qdw k m todrm S ;awGeYJ aumif; raumif;vky& f yfawGukd vkyv f Ykd aumif;raumif; b0awGukd &vmMuwmygyJ/ todrm S ;awGev YJ y k w f mjzpfawmh raumif;wJh jzpf&yfyJ jzpfjzpf aumif; wJh jzpf&yfyJ jzpfjzpf b0trSm;awGvYkd qd& k rSmygyJ/ jrwfpm G bk&m;u b0qd& k if vufjzpfwpfwu G f b0qd& k ifawmif cs;D rGe;f p&mr&Sd ygbl;wJh usiBf u;D [m olawmif;pm;usiBf u;D rSew H m r [kwb f ;l &Sib f & k if&hJ usiBf u;D vnf; eHwmyJvYkd ajymw,f/ tJ' h v D y dk J b0qd& k if b,fvb kd 0yJ jzpfjzpf qif;&J'u k dk 0udy k J && cs;D rGe;f p&mr&Sy d gbl;..vkjYd rwfpm G bk&m;u jzpfwmawGMunfy h gyJ/ 'gaMumifh b,fvb ajymcJw h myg/ ] bmjzpfvYkd bHv k Ukd ac:&wmvnf; bd;k av; ...
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bHq k w kd m blro d 'guvmawmh ajrqdw k hJ rnf&wmaygh / ajrqdw k m wnf&mXme wpfct k jzpfyJ tJ'w D nf&m Xmetay:rSm vlawGu wnfMu rSMD u&wJt h wGuf vlb Y v kH X Yl me pwmawG jzpf& wmyJ ... ] 'gqd& k if vlb Y v kH X Yl meeJt Y jcm;rJh bHo k ;kH q,fua&m 'Dajray:rSmyJwnf&rS& D rSmvm; ... [kwy f gw,farmifaumif;pH? bHb k 0qdw k m Xmewpfc& k UJ jzpfpOf urtrI&UJ jzpfpOfawGygyJ/ ] bmjzpfvYkd ewfjynfud k ajcmufxyfvo Ykd ;kH &wmvnf; bd;k av; ... ajcmufxyfva Ydk wmh oH;k zdr Yk oifb h ;l / ajcmuf&yfvy Ydk J oH;k &vdrr hf ,f ... ] b,fva kd Mumifh ajcmufxyfroH;k &yJ ajcmuf&yfvYkd oH;k &wmvJb;kd av; ... xyfeYJ &yf[m uGmjcm;rI&v dS y Ydk J xyfq& kd if txyfcX H meeJY Xme&JU t&Sb d 0awG aysmufue k r f m S kd if t&yfcX H merjcm;&yJ wpf&yfwnf; wpfpyfwnf; wpfajrwnf;ay:rSmyJ jzpf&wm aygh/ &yfq& aMumify h g ... ] ewfbu kH tqifq h if& h NdS y;D wqifx h uf wqifjh rihw f ,fva Ykd wmh od&ygw,f bk;d av; ... [kww f maygharmifaumif;pH? tqifq h w kd m wpfwef;wnf; wpfcef;wnf; wpfajrwnf; aeolawGukd wpf-ESpf oH;k tp&Sw d hJ cGjJ cm;&rIawGy/ J rlBuKd eYJ wuov kd u f kd aygif;Ny;D cGjJ cm;&r,fh t&mawG r[kwb f ;l qdw k mudk oday;yg .. ] bd;k av;[m pcg&Sa d o; Iyv f mNy?D oH;k q,fw h pfbkH 'Dwe*FaEGue k y f gOD;rvm; bd;k av; ... rukea f vmufygbl; armifaumif;pH/ 'gayr,ft h yg,fav;bHe k YJ vlb Y t kH ygt0if ewfbkH ajcmuf&yfqw kd hJ umrok*wdcE k p S b f u kH a kd wmh ukea f tmifajymyghr,f ... ] 'gqdk&ifvJ usaemfem;vnfEi kd a f tmif vd& k if;wd& k i S ;f eJY xdxr d r d d od&& dS atmiftusO;f csKH ;Ny;D ajymygOD;bd;k av; ... [kwNf yD 'gqdk tyg,fav;bHu k kd t&if pajymMur,f ... ] [kwu f hJ bd;k av; ... tyg,fqw kd mu tyg,qdw k y hJ gVdpum;uae vmwJp h um;yJ/ tyg,udk yk'c f v JG u kd & f if ty-t, vkUd jzpfw,f/ ty -qdw k mu uif;wm? t,qdw k mu csr;f om/ ESpc f a k ygif;awmh csr;f omawG uif;wmvkYd teuf&w dS maygh ... ] [kwu f hJ bd;k av; ..tyg,fq f w kd m ygVd pum;uae vmw,fqw kd m tckrS od&w,f ... tJ't D yg,fav;yg;qdw k muawmh i&J wd&p dm ef Nyw d m tol&um,f qdw k mawm r h if;vnf; Mum;bl;Ny;D om;yg ... ] [kwu f J bd;kf av;/ uav;xJu Mumbl;aewmyg ... tJ'r D m S i&Jqw kd m ed&,qdw k hJ ygVd pum;uaevmwmyJ /ed&, rSm yk'c f v JG u kd a f wmh ed t, vdUk jzpfw,f/ ed qdw k mu uif;wm/ t,qkw d mu csr;f om ESpc fa k ygif;awmh csr;f omuif;wmvdYk teuf&w dS ,f/ i&Jukd bmaMumifa h &mufwmvnf; qda k wmh a'goaMumifa h &mufwmvdYk ajym Muw,f/ a'goqdw k m olwpfyg;udk ysup f ;D vdw k hJ ysup f ;D aewJh pdwu f a kd jymwmygyJ/ tJ'D pdwx f m;eJY avmuxJrm S ysuv f y kd sup f ;D jyKrl ajymqdk Bup H nfaewJo h [ l m pdwc f sr;f om&m &edi k y f gvm;/ b,fvr kd S rcsr;f omedi k f k J ed&,vka Yd jym&wm ygbl;/tJ' h v D r l m S csr;f omrSKawG uif;aewmygyJ /csr;f omrSKawG uif;aewmudy
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jzpfw,f/ jrefrmvda k jymawmh i&Jaygh ... ] [kuu f hJ bd;k av; aumif;vdu k w f mAsm/ wd&pmefqw kd mudk vnf;ajymygOD; ... wd&pmefqw dk muawmh v,fwq D &mawmf&u hJ Asmav;rif;Mum;bl;vm;rodb;l ... ] b,fvw kd v hJ J bd;k av; ... arxkei f ,f tdyp f m;vdYk a,musm f ;eJY EGm;rSm todOmPfwwf wpfyg;EGm;xuf olom todOmPf &SLcsm&ifjzifh vlru kd a f cgifxa dk ,mufsm;udk EGm;[kac:om; . . vdYk qdw k hJ uAsmav;yg ... ] [kwu f hJ / uAsmav;u ay:vGiy f gw,f ... wd&pmefqkd vlawGvnf; ajymwwfMuygw,f/ tJ' ha D umifu vlpw d a f ysmufaewm wd&pmef pdwa f ygufaewmvdYk ajymMuw,f r[kwv f m; ....
] [kwu f a hJ jymMuygw,f ...
wd&pmefukd wdpmvkYd yk'jf zwf&if tvdo k ;kH ckea YJ eolvYkd jzpfr,fty d p f m;umr oH;k 0eJY aewJo h a l yghum G / wd&pmvdjYk zwf&ifawmh zDvmuefv Y efv Y y k & f yfuv kd v kd m; wJh olaygh/ [kww f maygh/ vlom;rqefwhJ vlom;awG rvkyo f ifw h J vlzv D m uefv Y efv Y y k a f ewJo h a l wG avmurSm&SMd uwm ygyJ/ tJ' h g[mwd&pmefb0 a&mufaewmyJaygh/ armifaumif;pH ...
] [kwu f hJ &Sa d eMuwmygbd;k av;/ Nyw d m qdw k mudv k nf; ajymygOD; ...
Nyw d m qdw k muvnf; avmbawG odyBf u;D Ny;D tvdr k jynfw h o hJ a l wG&hJ trnfygyJ/ Mum;bl; w,f/ Nyw d m qdw k m ud, k v f ;kH Bu;D u awmifBu;D avmuf&w dS ,f/ yg;pyfaygufu tyfaygufavmuf &Sw d ,fqa kd wmh b,favmufpm;pm; r0bl;qdw k o hJ abmyJaygh/ tJ' h g[m avmbodyBf u;D Ny;D tvdk rjynfe h i kd w f o hJ a l wGukd yHp k w H ifxm; wmrsKd ;omjzpfw,f/ umrawGukd vdu k p f m;wJh olawGukd Munfa h ygh / tvkjd ynfw h ,fvYdk r&Sy d gbl;/ t&ufaomufaewJh t&ufukd pGa J ewJh olawGuv kd nf; Munfa h ygh / h t D xJrm S yJ &pfr;l aeMuw,f/ "r0[ d m&Dq&mawmfuajymw,f vlawGu t&ufrS rl;wmr[kwf tJ' bl;wJh tpm;rSmvnf; rl;Muw,f/ t0wfrm S vnf; rl;Muw,f/ tvSrm S vnf; rl;Muw,f/ 'gawG[m tvdr k jynfw h mawG&hJ yHo k EmefawGygyJ/ Nyw d a wGya J ygh...
] [kww f myJ bd;k av;/ aemuf tol&um,fqw kd m vnf; ajymygtH/ k }
tol&um,fqw kd muvnf; r&Jr0efa Y Mumufae&wJo h a l wGygyJ/ tol&um,fqkd wmukd yk'c f v JG u dk & f if t-ol&-um,-vdYk oH;k yk'& f r dS ,f/ ol&qdw k mu &J&ifw h m/ um, qdw k mu ud, k t f qdw k mu wm;jrpfwmol&um, &J&ifw h u hJ , kd f aygh/ t eJY wm;jrpf vku d a f wmh &J&ifw h hJ ud, k r f [kww f m &J&ifw h hJ ud, k r f &Sw d mvdYk jzpfw,f/ r&J&ifw h o hJ a l ygh/[kww f ,fav avmurSmr[kww f mudk vkyx f m;
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wJo h a l wG[m r&J0efMY ubl;av/ q&mOD;bke;f &Jh ("mwk)aya[majymacGxr J m S ajymxm;wm&Sw d ,f/ oDvaMumif&if owa d Mumifw,f/ Oyrm vlwpfa,mufqu D ydu k q f u H kd ,lxm;Ny;D jyefray;wJh olwpfa,muf[m tJv h t l r d a f &SUrSm&J&J roGm;&Jygbl; [ku d a&Smifui G ;f 'Dom G ;a&Smif uGi;f oGm;eJY jzpfaewmrsKd ;udk awGb Y ;l MurSmyg/ tJ'v D y kd J raumif;wmudk vkyx f m; wJo h a l wG[m r&J0efMY uygbl;/ tJ'g[m tol&um,fjzpfaewmygyJ ...
] [kwfuJh bdk;av; / bdk;av; ajymvdkufawmhrS tyg,fav;yg;udk uGufuGufuGif;uGif; od&awmhw,f ...'Dvq kd & kd ifv& l UJ b0udv k nf; ajymygOD; bd;k av; ... vlb0qdw k muvnf; oHq k ,fwpfbx kH r Jm S ygaewmqda k wmh 'Dae&mrSm vlu rEkvleYJ Ow&d rEk vlqdkNyD; ESpfrsdK;&Sdw,f/rEkvlqdkwm tm&Hkig;yg;umr*kPfw&m;awGu dk taMumuftrufeJY vlvdkolvkd aumif; aewJh olawGyJjzpfw,f/ olaumif;aewmuvnf; taMumuftrufeJYaumif;aewmqdkawmh wu,ftaumif; r[kwfao;bl;aygh/ olvnf; oHq k ,fwpfbx kH u J rvGwa f o;wJo h y l J jzpfw,f ... ] 'gqdk bd;k av; 'D oH;k q,fwpfbkH 0Jxu J vGwa f tmif b,fvv kd y k & f rSmvJ ...
tJ' h D oHq k ,fw h pfbkH 0Jxr J vnfcsi& f ifyJ vGwc f si& f if Ow&r d Ekqdw k hJ t&d,vljzpf atmif BuKd ;pm&rSmaygh ...
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] Ow&r d Ekvl rjzpf&if b,fvjkd zpfrvJ bd;k av; ...
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at; [kww f ,f / ajym&rSmaygh armifaumif;pH & ...

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] bd;k av;vnf; ajym&wm awmfawmfMumoGm;Ny;D qda k wmh tem;,lygtH;k ? 'DaeY odvu kd & f w,f tyg,fav;yg;eJY vlbjkH zpfwmudk od&wmuku d awmfawmf0rf;om&ygw,f/ aemufwpf acgufvmrSyJ qufNyD;ajymjyygawmh bdk;av;/ tcsdefvnf; tawmfanmif;oGm;NyDqdkawmh bkd;av; tckvkd todPfawGukd b,ftcse d u f b,fvp dk Ny;D &&Sc d w hJ ,fqw kd muda k jym&if;eJY ed*;kH owfay;ygvm; bk;d av; ...
ed*;kH owfajym&&if bk;d av; touf 25 ESpo f m; tG,a f vmufu rif;vGiNf cx H J tvnfom G; &if;eJY Pqdw k hJ todwpfcu k kd trSwr f xify& J &Sc dw hJ ,f/ tck bk;d av;toufu(56) ESpa f &muf cse d r f m S awmh jzLpifjrifjh rwfwhJ Pqdw k hJ todPfyi kd & f i S jf zpfol t&d,m"r yk*Kd vx f ;l u ypKye f ura'oemeJY tnDvo l m;rsm;&JU qif;&Jrt I aygif;rS vGwa f jrmufNir d ;f csr;f &atmif aumif;usKd ;awGukd jyKvy k a f qmifu G y f g[k wdu k w f e G ;f EI;d aqmfra I Mumifh tckvdk we*FaEGaeYwi dk ;f armifaumif;pHeYJ "rom *pmqdw k hJ tar;-tajzawGukd jyKvy k a f e&jcif; jzpfaMumif; ajym&if;eJy Y e J * d ;kH owf vku d y f gw,f armifaumif;pH ...
] 0rf;ajrmuf0rf;om jzpf&ygw,fb;kd av; ...
armifaumif;pHwpfa,muft&d,m "ropmudo k jd rifusihf oH;k Edi ky f gapvdYk qEjyKvu dk y f g w,f ...armifaumif;pHa& ...
] om"k ... om"k ... om"kygbd;k av;.../ (ariyathitsa@gmail.com)
pl;prf;ol
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"r0[ d m&Dq&mawmf\w&m;udk emMum;&Ny;D usKye f m; vnf rdovdk yHp k e H YJ y#dpo rkyg 'f udk Oy rmay;Munfy h gr,f/ Oyrm olc;kd wpfa,muf cd;k wm&JUtjypfukd rodwmu t0dZm ? cd;k vdu k w f mu ocFg&? olc;kd todawG&oGm;wmu 0dnmPf(0dnmPf qdw k m todx;l vdYk teuf&r dS ,f/ cd;k wJu h u H v kd y k f vdu k v f Ykd &vmwJh todaygh)/ olc;kd ud, k p f w d a f wG jzpfom G ; wmu emrfy k ?f olc;kd rsup f d em;? ESm? vSsm? ud, k ?f pdwa f wGjzpfom G ;wmu oVm,we?ol c d k ; rsuf pd p wmeJ Y cd k ; p&mtqif ; pwmawG awGx Y w d mu z/ olc;kd cHpm; csua f wG jzpfwmu a0'em? 'g aMumifh cd;k wmudk jyefvy k c f siw f mu wPSm? jyif;jyif; xefxef vkyc f siw f mu Oyg'gef? cd;k wmudk jyefvy k f vdu k w f mu b0? olc;kd pdwa f wG ude;f oGm; wmu Zmwd? olc;kd pdwa f wG &ifu h suo f m G; wmu Z&m? wzefc;kd csiw f t hJ jzpfukd a&Ga Y vsmoGm;wmu r&P/ (ude;f aewJp h w d [ f m tNru J e d ;f aewm r[kwy f J taMumif;oifh &if tmHe k YJ 'Gg&wdu k w f hJ tcgrSm udavomtjzpfukd vSna hf jymif; oGm;w,f/ 'Dva kd &GUvsm;oGm;wmudk pkwv d Ykd oH;k &w,f/ pkwq d w kd m r&PeJY t&wlw,fvYkd ajym &r,f)/ 'guawmh "r0[ d m&Dq&m awmf&UJ w&m;awmfukd emMum;&Ny;D usKyo f abmayguf em;vnfrd wmav;udk q&mawmfukd ylaZmfwhJ "ryZ l mtjzpf ajymMunfr h d wmyg/
a0armif
(waymaung@gmail.com)
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jrwfpm G bk&m;a[mMum;awmfra l om atmifjrifcsr;f om Bu;D yGm;aMumif;w&m; av;yg;rSm 1/ O|me or'g -rdr\ d toufarG;0rf; ausmif; tvkyu f kd pdwf yg vufyg wwfwwf<u<u vkyu f i kd & f rnf/ 2/ ormZD0dw or'g -rdrd0ifaiGESifh vdkufavSsmnDpGm csifhcdsefEdIif;qNyD; twdkif;twm yrmPtrSef udc k sd eq f wwf&rnf/ pnf;eJu Y rf;eJY oH;k pGw J wf&rnf/ 3/ tm&u or'g - &&do S nfh ypn;f Opmudk aumif; rGep f m G xde;f odr;f apmifa h &Smuf&rnf/ 4/ uvsmPrdw or'g rdrt d ay:opm&dNS y;D tusihf odum ? Pfynm? qifjcifww kH &m;ESihf jynfp h w kH hJ rdwa f umif;aqG aumif;&d& S rnf/ raumif;rIua kd &Smif aumif;rIukd ouf0ifaponfh rdwa f qG aumif;eJY aygif;oif;&rnf/ ajymcsiw f m 'DBu;D yGg;aMumif;w&m; av;yg;rSm ..... aA'if ude;f *Pef;t& pD;yGg;jzpfw,fvv Ykd nf; bk&m;ra[mcJy h gbl;? N*Kd [e f uwe f YJ ewfuawmf awGaMumifh Bu;D yGg;jzpfw,fvv Ykd nf; ra[mcJy h gbl;/ ,MwmawGacsv?Ykd &uf&mZmjy'g; ta&G;rSev f Ykd ola|;jzpfaMumif;vnf; ra[mcJy h gbl;? arG;zGm;wJh aeY&uftcdseq f w kd hJ (uHZmwm) aumif;vdYk ol<u,fjzpfwmvnf;ra[mcJy h gbl;? t&ifb0u 'getm;aumif;cJv h Ykd 'ge&Sijf zpfwmvnf; ra[mcJygbl;? t&ifb0u vSLcJw h ef;cJMh uvdYk csr;f omwmqd& k if wjcm;csr;f omwJh edi k i f u H olawGu t&ifb0u vSLcJw h ef;cJw h o hJ a l wG pkNy;D oGm;vSL jzpfaeMuwmvm;/ usKyw f v Ykd dk qif;&JwhJ edi k i f a H wGrm S vmNy;D vSLjzpfaeMuwJo h a l wG a&SUb0u rvSL rwef;cJw h o hJ a l wG pkNy;D vlvmjzpfaeMuwmvm;/ tJ' h v D v kd nf; r[kww f efavmufygbl;/ olwr Ykd m S csr;fomBu;D yGm;edi k a f vmufatmifukd wd;k wufwhJ todw&m;awG jynhp f MkH uwmyg/ a&SUb0 ukov kd f awGaMumif& h ,fvr Ydk [kwy f gbl;/ ajym&r,fq& kd ifawmh tckajymcJw h hJ pD;yGm;jzpfaMumif;w&m;awGeYJ jynfpMkH uvky Yd gyJ/ ud, k n f w hH mudk ud, k n f w hH mvdr Yk jrifyJ rjrif&wJu h a H wGuy kd J vSnc f saer,fq& kd ifawm h b,f
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,aeYw;kd wufaewJh odya H cwftwGi;f rSmvnf; &wemoH;k ygudk taMumif;jyK acwftpOf tqufrS xif&Sm;vQuf&Sdaom jrefrmEdkifiHrSmyif i,fpOfumvrSm pmwufol-rwufol r[lu txufyg [de,merS wef;cd;k &&Sw d ,fvx Ykd ifMuNy;D &wemoH;k ygxuf txl;tav;xm;rSwf Muwm udk awGUcJy h gonf/ pmwwf olrsm;xJrm S vnf; olawmfaumif;rsm;udk rdrt d vdk - rvda k om t,ltq eJY Munfhwufwm awGU&ygonf/ xda Yk Mumifh Ak'b mom\ tqH;k trrsm; vufawGUusus vrf;nGea f y;Edi k a f omtod - tusihf rsm; rdrr d m S vdt k yfygaMumif; oHa0*tod - tjrifawGjzpfay:vmcJy h gonf/ oda Yk omf rdrt d eD;uyfrm S awGU&aom tjriftrsKd ; rsKd ; - usiBhf ue H nf; y&d,m,ftrsKd ;rsKd ;yJ awGU& 'd[ G trsKd ;rsKd ; eJY jyef&ifqi kd f cJ& h ygonf/ txufyg taMumif;aMumifh wpfpp tb,fenf;jzifh vG,fulpGm Ak'w&m;rsm;udk
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rdrE d i S w hf uG vl trsm;vnf; odjrif? usiBhf uc H i G & hf Mu omoemxGe;f um;jyefy Y m G ;wnfwE hH i kd a f &;rSm axmufuE l i kd r f nf[a l om tod - tjrifjzifh enf;vrf;trsLd ;rsKd ;&SmcJy h gonf/ tjrwfq;kH taMumif; rsm;ESihf taumif;qH;k enf; vrf;rsm;udk q&mawmfw\ Ykd aus;Zl; - Oyum - taxmuftulrygbJ r&aMumif;vnf; odvmcJh&ygonf/ tJh'Dtod - tjrifrsm;uawmh rdk;ukwfq&mawmfu kyfemrfrsm;udk opm(4)yg;jzihf&Sif;jyouJhodkY jrefrmEdkifiH? rEav;NrdKUu q&m awmfBuD;wpfyg;rS awGU&Sa d zmfjyawmfrc l a hJ om t&d,opm (4) yg;enf; jzifh (38)jzm tjrwfq;kH r*Fvmw&m; awmfukd od - yg,f - qdu k f - yGm;wJh enf;eJv Y rf;nGea f y;csuo f nf pdwt f cs&qH;k enf;jzpfaMumif; a[mMum; wmudk Mum;odcGifh &&SdcJhygonf/ rSwr f w S & f &awmh (1986)ckEp S r f p S Ny;D Mum;&vdYk wpfpp(1999)ckEp S r f S trawaq;awmfBu;D awGU& ouJhodkY auseyfcJh&ygonf/ odkYaomf (2000)ckESpfusrS twnfjyKusifh BuHvmcJhygonf/ rEav;rS q&mawmf BuD;u rMumrMum q&mawmfOD;Pu 'DtaMumif;awGudk b,fvdkajymaMumif; pum;ajymwdkif; xkwfazmf awmfrlcJhwmudk pma&;ol,aeYtxdMum; a,mifrdvQuf &Sy d gonf/ odkYaomf rdrd\twdwfu tod-tjrif rsm;aMumifh pdwfrcsEdkifao;vdkY txufygenf;jzifh rnfonfh &[ef; - &Sif - vlynm&Sir f sm;u xdo k a Ykd zmfjywmrQ&MdS uao;vm;[l omoem jyKc&D;xGuf vQuf &SmMunfhcJhygonf/ odkYaomf rawGUcJhyg/ pma&;olonf a*g&fcg;? jrefrm? ouw? ygVd? t*Fvy d ?f [dEd pmayrsm;ESihf 0g'trsKd ; rsKd ;udv k nf; avhvmcJo h nf/ xdi k ;f ? eDayg? puFmyl? rav;&Sm;? uarm'D;,m;? tdE, d Edi k i f r H sm;odv Yk nf; oGm;a&mufcz hJ ;l ygonf/ oda Yk omf tJ' h e D nf;udk b,fae&mrS rjrifrd rMum; - rodcJh&yg/ *syefEdkifiHodkU a&muf&SdwJhtcsdefrSm *syef? em*dk,m? Ak'0d[m&? wm0efcH q&mBuD; wmumtdu k mrS trsm;qH;k u d;k om;pGmvlUusi0 hf wfrsm;udk vdu k e f musiBhf u& H efEi S hf rdrw d 0 Ykd w&m;rsm; aus&ef OD;pm;ay;aMumif;? ,Ofaus;rIonf rdru d kd jyefjrifapaom rSeE f i S w hf a l Mumif; ajymMum;wm udMk um;cJy h gonf/ tJ' h D tcse d r f m S *syefukd rvmcif rEav;rS q&mawmfBu;D ESihf q&mawmfO;D PwkYd &Sif;jyay;awmfrlcJhaom Ak'a[mt&d,opm(4)yg;enf; onftvGefwef;zdk;&SdNyD; ta&;BuD;qHk; taMumif;rsm; jzpfaBumif; od& txl;MunfnKd pw d e f YJ jrefrmjynfjyef&ef qk;H jzwfcy YJ gonf/ 'gaMumifY txufyg enf;ed,wdkYudk rSD rdrdodNrif vufawGUpGrf;EdkiforQ usifhBuHvQuf&Sdygonf/ taMumif;onf trsm;twGuf jzpfatmif vufawGU r*Fvmusip Yf Of trnfay;Ny;D pmtkya f &;vQuf &Sy d gNy/ D 'gaMumifY &wemoHk;yg;?rdb?q&morm; rsm;tay:rSm av;pm;aumif;rSef; odxm;MuNyD; Ak'b m omudk ud;k uG,o f r l sm; trSet f uef odjrifum tarQmt f Nrif&& dS dS vufawGUusiMYf uv H Mkd uvQif enf;rsm;udk rdrd rsuf arSmufrm S yif ud, k w f i kd u f siBYf uBH u rSwa f usmufwif ppfaq; oifh aMumif; awGU&ygonf/ r*F v m;w&m;awmf r sm;&J U tp taMumif ; &if ; onf Ak ' j rwf p G m bk & m;&S i f vufxufawmfrm S a'0wm rEkrsm;u(12)ESpf txd&m S Buc H o hJ nf/ oda Yk omf trsm;vufcE H i dk r f nfh r*Fvmw&m;rsm;udk rawGU cJhMuyg/ r*Fvmrsm;awGU NyDvdkY ajymMuolrsm;uvnf;-ajErsm;ESifh
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cspp f &m- kyf toH-teHU-t&om-a0' emrsm;xd awGUvQif r*Fvmjzpf\/ rxdawGUvQif tr*Fvm jzpf\ [l rdrw d Ykd (twmEkrwd) txifjzifh wefz;kd jzwfwif jyvQuf &Sc d MhJ uonf/ 'Dve kd w YJ pfa,mufukd wpfa,mufu auseyfatmif tpGr;f aqmuf Edi k Mf uvdYk tcsi;f csi;f jiif;cH k pdw0 f rf;uGc J MhJ uonf/ vlavmurSm r*Fvm-aumv[mv jzpfaeaMumif;odMuol rxif&m S ;aom ewfwpfyg;u jy emajz&Sif;ay;&ef Ak'jrwfpGmbk&m;xH vma&mufavQmufxm;&m jrwfpGmbk&m;rS tjrwfqHk r*Fvm w&m;awmfrsm; a[mMum;ay;awmfrlcJhygonf/ tJh'DtcsdefupNyD; urmrSm yxrqHk;r*Fvmw&m;awmfrsm; ay:aygufvmcJhjcif; jzpfygonf/ odkYaomf oyK&doOyde, r&vQif ememowt0avmueb,-vlwum udk udk,fxufudk,fawGU&SdMuol[l tm;udk;ae &wJh tE&m,frSvGwf&ef rvG,fyg/ 'gaMumifh trsm;odjrif?usifhoHk;EdkifMu&ef enf;vrf;trsdK;rsdK;jzif; a[majymMuol aqG;aEG;wifjyMu olrsm;Muygonf/ txl;ojzifh Ak'bmomEdkifiHrsm;rSm jyKvkyfMuonf/ odkYaomf pma&;olwkdYvdk Ak'bmomudk pudk;uG,fvmcJhMuolrsm;onf oyK&doOyed, r&MuvQif r*Fvmw&m;awmfrsm;onf urmYAk' bmom&JU ,Ofaus;rItajccHjzpfaMumif; odcGifhr&bJ tr*Fvmrsm;ESifh avQmufvSrf;&efom &Sdygonf/ 'gaMumihf r[mukPm&Sia f wmf? Ak' jrwfpm G bk&m;u a[mMum;ay;awmfrc Ia hJ om Owr r*Fvm w&m;awmfrsm;udk rodvdkY rusifh? rusifhvdkY rod&wJh orkdif;wGifvQuf&Sdaom r[m 'kut qH;k rawmfay:rSm rD;armif;xd;k ay;awmfrc l a hJ om aus;Zl;&Siq f &mawmfBu;D \ arG;aeYr*Fvm tcgawmfudk ylaZmfa&;om;vdkfuf ygonf/
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ဓမၼ၀ိဟာရီ စိန္ရတု ေမြးေန႔ အထိမ္းအမွတ္ မဂၢဇင္း

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ဓမၼ၀ိဟာရီ စိန္ရတု ေမြးေန႔ အထိမ္းအမွတ္ မဂၢဇင္း

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"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

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"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

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"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

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"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

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"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

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"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

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"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

(b0rSm bmta&;BuD;qHk;vJ pmtkyfrS )

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"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

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"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

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"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

(ormtmZd0udk tae(raemuH)[k ,lqygonf/)

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"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf

"r0d[m&Dq&mawmf&SifP\ oufawmf (75) ESpfjynfh pdef&wkarG;aeYylaZmfjcif; txdrf;trSwf