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CAREER PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
INTRODUCTION:
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The term career planning is frequently used in relation young boys and girlsstudying at the college level. College students are expected to consider their qualities (physical and mental), psychological make-up, likes and dislikes,inclinations, etc. and decide what they want to be in their life. In other words, theyshould decide what they want to achieve in their life and adjust their educationand other activities accordingly. This means they have to plan their career. Insuch career planning, parents, family members and college teachers offer helping hand and guide young boys and girls in selecting the most suitablecareer. Lot of literature, psychological tests etc. are also available on career planning. Even lectures, workshops and TV programmes are arranged for guiding students on career selection (particularly after the declaration of HSCresults). Career planning enables them to use their abilities/qualities fully andmake their life happy, prosperous and rich in quality. At present, even experts areavailable to help youth in their career planning. IQ and other tests are alsoconducted for this purpose.The term career planning and development is used extensively in relation tobusiness organizations. It is argued that if the organizations want to get the bestout of their employees, they must plan the career development programmes intheir organization effectively. Such programmes offer benefits to employees andalso to the organizations. The employees will develop new skills will be availableto the organization. This type of career planning can be described asorganizational career planning.
MEANING OF CAREER (WHAT IS CAREER?):
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A career is a sequence of positions/jobs held by a person during the course of his working life. According to
Edwin B. Flippo
“a career is a sequence of separate but related work activities that provide continuity, order and meaning to
 
a person’s life”. Career of an employee represents various jobs performed by himduring the course of his working life. This is described as career path. In the caseof an ordinary worker, the career path includes the following job positions
:
 Unskilled worker – Semi-skilled worker – Skilled worker – Highly skilledworker – Assistant foreman – Foreman.Employees (of all categories) want to grow in their careers as this providesmore salary, higher status and opportunity to use knowledge, education and skillseffectively. An individual with potentials joins a firm not for job but for career development. An organization has to provide better opportunities to itsemployees in their career development and also use their efficient services for the benefit of the organization.
MEANING OF CAREER PLANNING (WHAT IS CAREER PLANNING?):
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Career planning is one important aspect of human resource planning anddevelopment. Every individual who joins an organization desires to make a goodcareer for himself within the organization. He joins the organization with a desireto have a bright career in terms of status, compensation payment and futurepromotions. From the point of view of an organization, career planning anddevelopment have become crucial in management process. An organization hasto provide facilities/opportunities for the career development of individualemployees.If the organizations want to get the best out of their employees, they mustplan regularly the career development programmes in their organizations. Inbrief, career planning refers to the formal programmes that organizationsimplement to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the human resourcesavailable. Career planning and development is the responsibility of the HRdepartment of the organization. As already noted, every person joining anorganization has a desire to make career as per his potentiality, ability, skills andso on.
 
NEED/PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES OF CAREER PLANNING:
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1)
To map out careers of employees as per their ability and willingness andto train and develop them for higher positions.
2)
To attract and retain the right type of persons in the organization.
3)
To utilize available managerial talent within the organization fully.
4)
To achieve higher productivity and organizational development.
5)
To provide guidance and assistance to employees to develop their potentials to the highest level.
6)
To improve employee morale and motivation by providing training andopportunities for promotion.
SCOPE OF ORGANISATIONAL CAREER PLANNING:
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The following activities/areas are covered within the scope of organizationalcareer planning
:a)
HUMAN RESOURCE FORECASTING AND PLANNING :
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Here, efforts will be made to identify the number of employees required infuture. In addition, the selection procedure will be adjusted with the overallstrategic goals of the organization.
b)
CAREER INFORMATION :
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Here, information relating to career opportunities (promotions, training for self development, etc) will be supplied to employees. Supplying career information/opportunities has special significance as this motivatesemployees to grow and reach to higher position.
c)
CAREER COUNSELLING :
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Such counselling is next to supplying career information. Career counselling is possible by senior executives through periodic discussionswith their subordinates. Such career guidance encourages subordinateemployees to take interest in certain areas where suitable opportunities of 
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