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HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMANT
CAREER PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
INTRODUCTION:
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The term career planning is frequently used in relation young boys andgirls studying at the college level. College students are expected to consider their qualities (physical and mental), psychological make-up, likes anddislikes, inclinations, etc. and decide what they want to be in their life. In other words, they should decide what they want to achieve in their life and adjusttheir education and other activities accordingly. This means they have to plantheir career. In such career planning, parents, family members and collegeteachers offer helping hand and guide young boys and girls in selecting themost suitable career. Lot of literature, psychological tests etc. are alsoavailable on career planning. Even lectures, workshops and TV programmesare arranged for guiding students on career selection (particularly after thedeclaration of HSC results). Career planning enables them to use their abilities/qualities fully and make their life happy, prosperous and rich in quality.At present, even experts are available to help youth in their career planning.IQ and other tests are also conducted for this purpose.The term career planning and development is used extensively in relationto business organizations. It is argued that if the organizations want to get thebest out of their employees, they must plan the career developmentprogrammes in their organization effectively. Such programmes offer benefitsto employees and also to the organizations. The employees will develop newskills will be available to the organization. This type of career planning can bedescribed as organizational career planning.
MEANING OF CAREER (WHAT IS CAREER?):
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A career is a sequence of positions/jobs held by a person during thecourse of his working life. According to
Edwin B. Flippo
“a career is asequence of separate but related work activities that provide continuity, order and meaning to a person’s life”. Career of an employee represents various jobs performed by him during the course of his working life. This is described
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HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMANT
as career path. In the case of an ordinary worker, the career path includes thefollowing job positions
:
 Unskilled worker – Semi-skilled worker – Skilled worker – Highly skilledworker – Assistant foreman – Foreman.Employees (of all categories) want to grow in their careers as this providesmore salary, higher status and opportunity to use knowledge, education andskills effectively. An individual with potentials joins a firm not for job but for career development. An organization has to provide better opportunities to itsemployees in their career development and also use their efficient services for the benefit of the organization.
MEANING OF CAREER PLANNING (WHAT IS CAREER PLANNING?):
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Career planning is one important aspect of human resource planning anddevelopment. Every individual who joins an organization desires to make agood career for himself within the organization. He joins the organization witha desire to have a bright career in terms of status, compensation payment andfuture promotions. From the point of view of an organization, career planningand development have become crucial in management process. Anorganization has to provide facilities/opportunities for the career developmentof individual employees.If the organizations want to get the best out of their employees, they mustplan regularly the career development programmes in their organizations. Inbrief, career planning refers to the formal programmes that organizationsimplement to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the humanresources available. Career planning and development is the responsibility of the HR department of the organization. As already noted, every person joiningan organization has a desire to make career as per his potentiality, ability,skills and so on.
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HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMANT
NEED/PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES OF CAREER PLANNING:
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1)
To map out careers of employees as per their ability and willingnessand to train and develop them for higher positions.
2)
To attract and retain the right type of persons in the organization.
3)
To utilize available managerial talent within the organization fully.
4)
To achieve higher productivity and organizational development.
5)
To provide guidance and assistance to employees to develop their potentials to the highest level.
6)
To improve employee morale and motivation by providing training andopportunities for promotion.
SCOPE OF ORGANISATIONAL CAREER PLANNING:
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The following activities/areas are covered within the scope of organizational career planning
:a)
HUMAN RESOURCE FORECASTING AND PLANNING :
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Here, efforts will be made to identify the number of employees requiredin future. In addition, the selection procedure will be adjusted with theoverall strategic goals of the organization.
b)
CAREER INFORMATION :
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Here, information relating to career opportunities (promotions, trainingfor self development, etc) will be supplied to employees. Supplyingcareer information/opportunities has special significance as thismotivates employees to grow and reach to higher position.
c)
CAREER COUNSELLING :
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Such counselling is next to supplying career information. Career counselling is possible by senior executives through periodicdiscussions with their subordinates. Such career guidance encouragessubordinate employees to take interest in certain areas where suitableopportunities of career development are available. It is a type of internal guidance and motivation of employees for the selection of possible career paths. Such counselling is needed when employeeshave to plan their own careers and develop themselves for career progress.
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