Qdr|fd Ldx Xfdrkd‟x\mhfgohdn Lodry Jg
MVQNJXOSMX # BNDX\OG@
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++D}|fjr5 Qdr|fd Ldx Xfdrkd. B'\mhf&Fjgx'/ og Kogog` Mg``' &M'kdon5xfdrkdql4A`kdon'hjk
QDR\FD LDX XFDRKD‟X\MHFGOHDN LODR_JGMVQNJXOSMX DGL BNDX\OG@
QDR\FD LDX XFDRKD&B'\mhf+Fjgx'/Og Kogog` Mg`ogmmrog`
&M'kdon +xfdrkdql4A`kdon'hjk
Qdr|fd Ldx Xfdrkd‟x\mhfgohdn Lodry Jg
MVQNJXOSMX # BNDX\OG@
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++D}|fjr5 Qdr|fd Ldx Xfdrkd. B'\mhf&Fjgx'/ og Kogog` Mg``' &M'kdon5xfdrkdql4A`kdon'hjk
2
OG\RJL]H\OJG \J MVQNJXOSMX DGLDHMXXJROMXLmcogo|ojg jc Mvqnjxosmx 5
Mvqnjxosmx ox d hfmkohdn hjkqj}gl jr kov|}rm. pfmg mvqnjlml by dh|ojg jc fmd|.okqdh|. `osmx ndr`m sjn}km jc `dxmx og d smry xfjr| |okm d| fo`f |mkqmrd|}rm # qrmxx}rm'
Hndxxocohd|ojg 5
Dnn hjkkmrhodn Mvqnjxosmx drm brjdlny losolml og |pj hd|m`jromx'4/
Njp Mvqnjxosmx2/
Fo`f Mvqnjxosmx
Njp Mvqnjxosmx 5
\fm hfmkohdn rmdh|ojg og njp Mvqnjxosmx ox hdnnml lmcnd`rd|ojg pfohf ox d rdqol qrjhmxx jc hjkb}x|ojg po|fj}| dhhjkqdgyog` dgy xfjhi pdsm b}| `osmx d fmdsog` mccmh|'Mvdkqnm 5 @}k Qjplmr Hfmkohdn Hjkqjxo|ojg 5 Xjlo}k Go|rd|m + 02-X}nqfmr + 42-Hjdn + 43-
Fo`f Mvqnjxosmx 5
Rmdh|ojg og Fo`f Mvqnjxosmx ox hfdrdh|mroxml by dg dxxjhod|ml xfjhi pdsm ogo|od|ml by dlm|jgd|jr. bdxohdnny hjg|dogx'Jvoloxmrx + X}hf dx Dkkjgo}k Go|rd|mC}mn JonXmgxo|oumrx 5 Km|fynm Dkogj Go|rd|m. Qmr hfnjrd|m Xdn|Qfyxohdn Xmgxo|oumr 5 Mg|rdqqml Dor B}bbnmx
Mvqnjxosm Hfdrdh|mrox|ohx 5
Sdroj}x okqjr|dg| MvqnjxosmxHfdrdh|mrox|ohx drm
•
Smnjho|y jc Lm|jgd|ojg &SJL/
•
Pmo`f| X|rmg`|f
•
C}km Hfdrdh|mrox|ohx
•
\fmrkdn X|dbono|y
•
Xmgxo|oso|y
•
Lmgxo|y
•
Pd|mr Rmxox|dghm
Smnjho|y jc Lm|jgd|ojg 5
O| ox |fm xqmml d| pfohf lm|jgd|ojg pdsm |rdsmnx |frj}`f |fm kmlod. o| lmqmglx }qjgMvqnjxosm |yqm' SJL ox kmdx}rml by. xjkm mnmh|rjgoh kmdgx jr by Ld}|rohfm |mx|' Dsmrd`m SJL sdromx cjrk 2=11K*X + =611 K*Xmh'
Pmo`f| X|rmg`|f 5
Pmo`f| x|rmg`|f ox |fm mgmr`y `mgmrd|ml by dg Mvqnjxosm rmnd|osm |j |fd| qrjl}hml by dg mt}dnpmo`f| jc ?< DG 3 CJ &?<-/ C}mn Jon'
B}ni X|rmg`|f 5
O| ox |fm mgmr`y rmnmdxml qmr }go| sjn}km jc Mvqnjxosm dx hjkqdrml |j DGCJ' B}ni x|rmg`|f hdg bmhdnh}nd|ml crjk pmo`f| x|rmg`|f }xog` |fm mt}d|ojgRmnd|osm P|' X|rmg`|f v Lmgxo|yRmnd|osm B}ni X|rmg`|f ; ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Lmgxo|y jc DGCJ
Pd|mr Rmxox|dghm 5
Mvqnjxosmx loccmr polmny og rmxox|dghm |j pd|mr dgl kjox|}rm qmgm|rd|ojg' Xjkm Mvqnjxosmxlm|mrojrd|m rdqolny }glmr pm| hjglo|ojgx. b}| j|fmrx drm lmxo`gml |j po|fx|dgl pd|mr cjr njg` qmrojlx' Pfmg bndx|og`ox |j bm ljgm }glmr pm| hjglo|ojgx. d pd|mr rmxox|dg| Mvqnjxosm ox qrmcmrdbnm'
Qdr|fd Ldx Xfdrkd‟x\mhfgohdn Lodry Jg
MVQNJXOSMX # BNDX\OG@
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++D}|fjr5 Qdr|fd Ldx Xfdrkd. B'\mhf&Fjgx'/ og Kogog` Mg``' &M'kdon5xfdrkdql4A`kdon'hjk
8
Xmgxo|oso|y 5
Dg Mvqnjxosmx ox rmt}orml |j bm ogxmgxo|osm |j gjrkdn fdglnog`. xfjhi dgl croh|ojg. b}| k}x| rmkdogx}ccohomg|ny xmgxo|osm |j bm xd|oxcdh|jrony lm|jgd|ml. dgl hdqdbnm jc qrjqd`d|og` xd|oxcdh|jrony. hdr|rol`m |j hdr|rol`m.msmg jsmr `dqx x}hf dx kdy jhh}r og qrdh|ohm'
C}km Hfdrdh|mrox|ohx 5
Mvqnjxosmx. pfmg }xml }glmr x|oq}nd|ml smg|ond|ojg hjglo|ojgx. xfj}nl nobmrd|m d kogok}kjc fdrkc}n `dxmx og |fm qrjl}h|x jc lm|jgd|ojg'
Lmgxo|y 5
\fm lmgxo|y ox okqjr|dg| pfmg xmnmh|og` dg Mvqnjxosm cjr d qdr|oh}ndr }xm' Po|f d fo`f lmgxo|y Mvqnjxosm|fm mgmr`y jc |fm xfj| ox hjghmg|rd|ml d lmxordbnm cmd|}rm og |}ggmnog` dgl kogog` jqmrd|ojgx og fdrl `rj}gl' Jg |fmj|fmr fdgl pfmg |fm j}|q}| jc n}kq hjdn crjk d kogm ox okqjr|dg|. o| ox dlsoxdbnm |j }xm d njp lmgxo|y Mvqnjxosm.pfohf lox|rob}|mx |fm mgmr`y dnjg` |fm xfj|fjnm'
\fmrkdn X|dbono|y 5
Mvqnjxosmx hjkqjxo|ojgx xfj}nl bm x}hf dx |j bm x|dbnm }glmr dnn gjrkdn hjglo|ojgx jc }xd`m'\fm L@KX x|oq}nd|mx |fd| gj bndx| fjnm xfdnn bm hfdr`mx oc |fm |mkqmrd|}rm og |fm bjrmfjnm mvhmmlx 61
j
H pfmg bndx|og` og fj| `rj}gl' Xjkm|okmx Mvqnjxosmx fdsm |j bm }xml og x}b umrj hjglo|ojgx og pfohf xjkm mvqnjxosmx bmhjkm ogxmgxo|osm' Mvqnjxosmx hjkqjxo|ojgx jc K*x' Xjndr Mvqnjxosmx N|l' drm lmxo`gml |j bm x|dbnm dgl xdcm. }glmr dnn hjglo|ojgx jc }xm' Pfmg bndx|og` og fj| `rj}gl. qrmhd}|ojgx dx x|oq}nd|ml by |fm L@KX xfj}nl bm dlfmrml |j'
Qrjqmr|omx jc G@ # DG 5
Go|rj @nyhmrogm &G@/ + o| ox d not}ol. ogxjn}bnm og pd|mr. fo`fny xmgxo|osm |j x|jhi. croh|ojg dgl fmd|' Og dnn Mvqnjxosmxjc G'@' bdxml jgorj`nyhjn ox kovml cjr njpmrog` |fm crmmuog` qjog|. }xml cjr fdrlmx| rjhix dgl km|dnx dgl cjr xfjj|og` jon pmnnx'
Dkkjgo}k Go|rd|m &DG/ 5
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D XQMHODN MVQNJXOSMX CJR HJG\J]R BNDX\OG@
O| ox igjpg dx qoqm hfdr`mx jr @r}o| hfdr`m' Hjgxox| jc d qndx|oh qoqm &QSH/ jc lod 44kk # jc nmg`|f <31kk.hjg|dogog` Mvqnjxosmx po|fog o| d| hjghmg|rd|ojg 1'44 I`*k # 4'2< I`*k rmxqmh|osmny' Rd|m jc lm|jgd|ojg <111k*Xmh' \fmxm drm }xml og qrmxqno||og`. xkjj|f bndx|og` dgl pfmg bndx|og` hnjxm |j b}onlog`x' Dlsdg|d`mx bmog`xdsog` og fdglnog` # hfdr`og` |okm. jsmr hfdr`og` ox mnokogd|ml. nmxx jsmr brmdi. nmxx hrdhiog` # nmxx sobrd|ojg'
B]NI MK]NXOJG 5
Mk}nxojg |mhfgjnj`y hjkmx og |fm cjnnjpog` hd|m`jromx 5
•
Rmq}kqdbnm Mk}nxojg
•
Xo|m Kov Mk}nxojg po|f x}qqjr| Qndg|
•
D}`mrml Fmdsy DGCJ
•
Q}kqml Ljqml Mk}nxojg\j lmnosmr |fm qrjl}h| ljpg |fm bjrmfjnm. hjkqdgy ox jccmrog` ogo|odnny rmq}kqdbnm |yqm dgl Q}kqml LjqmlMk}nxojg' Cjr |fox hjkqdgy fdx lmxo`gml xqmhodn q}kq. |r}hi hdqdbnm jc q}kqog` B}ni Mk}nxojg dc|mr kovog` po|flmgxo|y hjg|rjn d`mg| jg xo|m'
\MHFGJNJ@_ LM\DONX 5
\fm xyx|mk. pfohf pm drm jccmrog` gjp. ox gdkml dx Rmq}kqdbnm B}ni Ljqml Mk}nxojg. Xjndr BM 414' Cjr |foxxyx|mk |fm mk}nxojg jc jvoloxmr dgl c}mnx ox qrmqdrml d| njhd|ojg. pfmrm |fox cdhono|omx drm dsdondbnm' \fm mk}nxojghdg bm x|jrml og dkbomg| hjglo|ojgx dgl ox gjg+mvqnjxosm' \fox gjg+mvqnjxosm mk}nxojg kd|rov dc|mr ljqog` po|fQronnml Dkkjgo}k Go|rd|m ox kovml po|f `dxxog` d`mg|x drm hfdr`ml og|j bjrm fjnm by q}kq |r}hi' \fm kov|}rm bmhjkmx xmgxo|osm jgny dc|mr |fm xdkm ox lmnosmrml og |j |fm bndx| fjnm dgl |fm `dxxog` rmdh|ojg hjkqnm|ml og dbjsm 4=kog}|mx'
Explosives and Blasting
The measure of effectiveness of drilling and blasting operations is not in terms of blasting cost alone, but rather by its contribution of the efficiency and economy of total excavation system. Savings accrued through excessive reduction…
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