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\u00c7\u0130MENTONUN STANDART DENEYLER\u0130
\u00dcretilen \u00e7imentolar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce istenilen \u00f6zelliklerde oldu\u011funu kontrol
etmek amac\u0131yla TSE\u2019de belirtilen \u00e7e\u015fitli deneyler yap\u0131l\u0131r. Genel olarak yap\u0131lan deneyler :
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Kimyasal \u00f6zellik
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Fiziksel \u00f6zellik
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Mekaniksel \u00f6zellikler

Yap\u0131lan deneyler \u00e7imentonun fiziksel \u00f6zelikleri ile ilgili deneylerdir. Bu deneyler
\u00e7imento i\u00e7in gerekli su miktar\u0131 tayini ,\u00e7imento prizi,\u00e7imentonun inceli\u011fi,\u00e7imentonun hacim
sabitli\u011fi,\u00e7imentonun \u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131,\u00e7imentonun birim a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 deneyleridir.

1)\u00c7imento \u0130\u00e7in Gerekli Su Miktar\u0131 Tayini :

Vicat aleti kullan\u0131larak belirlenir.300 gr \u00e7imento,\u00e7imento a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n %27 \u2018si kadar su
ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak \u00e7imento hamuru haz\u0131rlan\u0131r. Haz\u0131rlana \u00e7imento hamuru kesik konik \u015feklindeki
kap i\u00e7ersine yerle\u015ftirilir. Vicat aletinin d\u00fc\u015fey y\u00f6nde hareket edebilen 200 gr a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki bir
\u00e7ubuk ucuna sonda tak\u0131l\u0131r. Sonda ile su miktar\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131r. Sondan\u0131n haz\u0131rlanan kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m
i\u00e7erisine batma miktar\u0131 5-7 mm aras\u0131nda kal\u0131yorsa kullan\u0131lan su miktar\u0131 yeterlidir. 7 mm \u2019den
b\u00fcy\u00fck ise su ilave edilir,5 mm \u2019den k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ise su azalt\u0131l\u0131r.

2)\u00c7imentonu Priz Deneyi :

Deneyde vicat aletiyle yap\u0131l\u0131r. Priz ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7imentonun suyla reaksiyona
girmesinden vicat aletinin i\u011fnesinin tabana 3-5 mm yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 sonucu ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul
edilir. Priz sonu ise \u00e7imentonun priz ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131ndan sertle\u015fmesi aras\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en s\u00fcreye priz
sonu ad\u0131 verilir.

BETON AGREGALARINA UYGULANAN DENEYLER

1)Birim a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k deneyi
2)\u00d6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k deneyi
3)Kompozite
4)\u00c7amurlu madde miktar\u0131
5)Organik madde
6)Elek analizi
7)Su emme
8)Donma,\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnme
9)A\u015f\u0131nma

Yap\u0131lan deneyler birim a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k deneyi,\u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k deneyi ve elek analizi deneyleridir.
1) Birim A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k Deneyi :
TS 3529 \u2018a g\u00f6re agregalar\u0131n birim a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k deneyi 2 \u015fekilde bulunur.
a)Ger\u00e7ek birim a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131
b)S\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131k birim a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131
1
\u2206= G2 - G1 /V

G1 : Kap A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (gr)
G2 : Kap + Malzeme A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (gr)
V : Kab\u0131n Hacmi

Deneyde kum, k\u0131rma ta\u015f 1, k\u0131rma ta\u015f 2 olmak \u00fczere 3 tane malzeme kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
Kab\u0131n hacmini bulmak i\u00e7in kap suyla doldurulur. Toplam a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131ktan kab\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131larak
kab\u0131n hacmi bulunur.

Kap a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 : 5770 gr
Kum + kap a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 : 17980 gr
KT 1 + kap a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 : 16830 gr
KT 2 + kap a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 : 16690 gr
Kab\u0131n hacmi : 7650 cm3

Kum i\u00e7in ;\u2206 = 17980 \u2013 5770 / 7650 = 1,596 gr / cm3
KT 1 i\u00e7in ;\u2206 = 1,445 gr / cm3
KT 2 i\u00e7in ;\u2206 = 1,427 gr / cm3

2) \u00d6zg\u00fcl A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k Deneyi :

Beton \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in agregalar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k de\u011ferlerinin bilinmesi gerekir. Deney
Arshimet Prensibinden faydalan\u0131larak yap\u0131l\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re su dolu cam bir kap i\u00e7erisine a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131
belli olan malzeme kat\u0131l\u0131r. Kaptan ta\u015fan su miktar\u0131 malzemenin mutlak hacmini verir. Buna
g\u00f6re \u00f6zg\u00fcl a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k TS 3526 \u2018ya g\u00f6re a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131yla hesaplan\u0131r.

\u03b4=G1 /( G2 +G1 ) \u2013 G3

G1 : Malzeme a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131
G2 : Su + kap a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131
G3 : Kap + su + malzeme a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131

Kum i\u00e7in ; G1 : 555 gr
G2 : 1540 gr
G3 : 1885 gr

\u03b4= 555 / (1540 + 555) \u2013 1885 = 2,64 gr / cm3

KT 1 i\u00e7in ; G1 : 555 gr
G2 : 1540 gr
G3 : 1880 gr

\u03b4= 555 / (1540 + 555) \u2013 1880 = 2,58 gr / cm3

KT 2 i\u00e7in ; G1 : 620 gr
G2 : 1540 gr
G3 : 1930 gr

2
\u03b4= 620 / (1540 + 620) \u2013 1930 = 2,69 gr / cm3
BETON KARI\u015eIM HESAPLARI
1 m3 yerine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f beton i\u00e7erisine girecek olan malzeme miktar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek
i\u00e7in yap\u0131l\u0131r. Beton kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m hesaplar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in dozaj,su-\u00e7imento oran\u0131 ve beton

k\u0131vam\u0131,beton dayan\u0131m\u0131 gibi \u00f6zelliklerin bilinmesi gerekir.
Yap\u0131lan deneyde 10 dm3 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m i\u00e7in ;
\u00c7imento : 3500 gr
Su : 1925 gr
Kum : 5160 gr
KT 1 : 7070 gr
KT 2 : 5340 gr

% 1 katk\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. % 2 hava bo\u015flu\u011fu vard\u0131r.
dku m : 2,59 gr / cm3
d KT 1 : 2,66 gr / cm3
dKT 2 : 2,68 gr / cm3
d\u00e7imento : 2,85 gr / cm3

Teorik bile\u015fimde bulunan de\u011ferler kullan\u0131larak \u00fcretilen betonun birim hacim a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131
2,4 kg / dm3 t\u00fcr.
Ger\u00e7ek malzeme miktar\u0131 hesab\u0131 :

\u2206g / \u00c7 = \u00c7 / \u00c7 + E / \u00c7 + Kum / \u00c7 + KT 1 / \u00c7 + KT 2 / \u00c7
\u2206g / 3500 = 3500 / 3500 + 1925 / 3500 + 5160 / 3500 + 7070 / 3500 + 5340 / 3500
\u2206g/ \u00c7 g = 22290 / 3500 = 6,56

\u00c7g : \u00c7imento miktar\u0131
\u2206g/ \u00c7 g = 6,56
2400 / \u00c7g = 6,56
\u00c7g = 365,8 kg / m3

E = 0,55 x 365,8 = 201,2
Kum : 1,47 x 365,8 = 537,8
KT 1 : 2,02 x 365,8 = 739
KT 2 : 1,52 x 365,8 = 556

hg = 1000 \u2013 ( \u00c7 /\u03b4\u00e7 + E + Kum /\u03b4k + KT 1 /\u03b4KT 1 + KT 2 /\u03b4KT 2 )

10 dm3 i\u00e7in ;
hg : 10.000 \u2013 (3500 / 2,85 + 1925 + 5160 / 2,59 + 7070 / 2,66 + 5340 / 2,68)
hg : 204,5

K= 3500 / 2,85 + 5160 / 2,59 + 7070 / 2,66 + 5340 / 2,68
10.000
K = 0,787
Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n incelik mod\u00fcl\u00fc ; Im = 4,6
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