Prophet Noah- Yasin Jibouri

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PROPHETNOAH

AllahtellsusthefollowingintheHolyQur'an:

WehavesurelysentNoahtohispeople,sohesaid:

0

people!WorshipAllah;youhavenogodotherthanHim;surelyIfearforyouthechastisementofagrievousDay.Thechiefsofhispeoplesaid:Mostsurelyweseeyouinclearerror.Hesaid:

0

people!Thereisnoerrorinme,butIamanapostlefromtheLordoftheworlds.IdelivertoyouthemessagesofmyLord,andIofferyougoodadvice,andIknowfromAllahwhatyou,donotknow.What?!DoyouwonderthatareminderhascometoyoufromyourLordthroughamanfromamongyousothathemaywarnyou,andsothatyoumayguard(yourselvesagainstevil),andsothatmercymaybeshowntoyou?!Buttheycalledhimaliar,soWedeliveredhimandthosewithhimintheark,andWedrownedthosewhorejectedOurcommunications;surelytheywereblindpeople.

(Qur'an,7:59-64)HisfullnameisNoahsonofLamuchsonofMethulach(orEnoch,prophetIdris)sonofYaredsonofMahalalelsonofKenansonofAnooshsonofSheth(Seth)sonofAdam,fatherofmankind.Hewasbornonehundredandtwenty-sixyearsafterAdam'sdeathaccordingtoJariral-Tabariand

others.'

HowmanysonsdidNoahhave?TheywereHam,Sam(orShem),Japheth(Yafith),Yam(whoiscalledbythePeopleoftheBookCananandmustnotbeconfusedwithCanaan(Ken'an)theArabwhosedescendantsconstitutedamajorityinPalestine/bytheyear1177

B.C

aftertheoutbreakoftheMa'rab'al-Majlisi,

Bihiiral-Anwiir,

Vol.11,p.287.2WhentheGreeksinvadedPalestinein449

B.C,

theygavetheseCananiteArabswhodweltalongtheMediterraneancoastofSyriaanewname:"Phoenicians"whichmeans"peoplewhoworkintheTyreanpurple,"adyeextractedfromtreesandusedthentopaintships.Phoenicians'ArabSemiticancestors,aswearetoldonp.

25

ofVol.1ofthesixtheditionof

Civilization:Past

&

Present

(NewYork:HarperCollinsPublishers,1987[1407AH.]),hadmigratedfromArabiaearlyinthethirdmillenium

B.C

248

DamofYemen),'andAbir.Whichofthesewastheonewhopreferredtoseekrefugeontopofamountainratherthanrespondtohisfather'scalltojointhemintheark?Hewas,accordingtomostaccounts,Yam.ThismeansthatYam,orCanaan,didnotleaveanydescendantsbecausehedrowned.DidNoahhav=anydaughtersatall?NonamesareprovidedforusbyanthropologistsandhistoriansforNoah'sdaughters,conceding,however,thatallthefourdaughters-in-lawofNoah,includingYam'swidow,wereonboardtheark.Ifyoutracethelife-spanofeachofhisancestors,youwillhaveanideaaboutthetimeinhistoryduringwhichhelived.AchronologyofhisancestorsisavailableinVolumeOneofTabari's

Tiirikh,

ThechronologyprovidedintheBookofMatthew(oftheOldTestament)is,inourview,quiteinaccurate.Forexample,itsuggeststhatNoahlivedforninehundredandfiftyyears,whereastheHolyQur'antellsusthatthatwasonlytheperiodduringwhichNoahwaspreachingtohispeople.Itneitherincludestheyearshelivedbeforeinvitinghispeopletomendtheirwaysnorthosehelivedaftertheflood.InArabic,Noah'snamemeans:hewails,laments,bemoans,mourns,weepsoverothers.Noahweptoverhispeople'ssinsfortheentireperiodduringwhichhewasadmonishingthemtorenouncetheirevilways,abandonidolworship,andacceptAllahastheirLord,aperiodofninehundredandfiftyyearsastheHolyQur'antellsusinverse14ofSurat

al-"

Ankabut:

AndcertainlyWesentNoahtohispeople,soheremainedamongthemathousandyearssave

fifty

years.Andthedelugeovertookthemwhiletheywereunjust.

(Qur'an,29:14)lMarabcamelaterinhistorytobethecitycapitaloftheSecondKingdomofSaba'(Sheba)whichlastedfrom650to115B.C.TheFirstKingdomofShebaruledaboutonethousandyearsbeforethebirthofChrist.Balqees,orBilqis,theQueenofSheba,cametobethewifeofprophetSolomontheWisewho,accordingtoscholarsoftheBible,ruledfrom970-935B.C.BalqeeswasanArab,adescendantofSaba'sonofKa'bsonofZaydsonofHimyarsonofYashjubsonofYa'rubsonofJoktan(orJochtan,asQahtan,oneofthefathersoftheArabnation,iscalledbyWesternscolars).Balqeesismostoftenreferredtoas"Himyari,"adescendantofHimyar.Alargepercentageoftoday'sYemenitesaredescendantsofHimyar.

249

Anothermeaningofhisnameis:onewho

nahha,

isolated,dissociated,orclearedhimselffromcertainpeople;Noahclearedhimselfandhissmallbandofbelieversfromtherestofhispeoplewhodisbelievedinhismessage."Noah"isnothisnamebuthisattribute;itisanadjective,notanoun.Whatwas,then,Noah'srealname?AmanfromSyriaonceaskedtheCommanderoftheFaithfulImam"AliaboutNoah'sname.TheImamtoldtheinquirerthatNoah'snamewasal-Sakan,andthathewascalledNoahbecauseheweptoverhispeopleforninehundredandfiftyyears.

1

ImamJa'feral-Sadiqwasaskedthesamequestion,whereuponhesaid,"Noah's(real)namewasAbdal-Ghaffar;hewascalledNoahbecausehemournedhimself."2ThesameImamwasaskedthesamequestiononadifferentoccasion,asSa'IdibnJanah,oneofhiscompanions,narrated.TheImamsaid,"Noah'snamewasAbdal-Malik;hewascalledNoahbecauseheweptforfivehundredyears.'?Onyetanotheroccasion,theImamwasaskedthesamequestion,anditwasthenthathegaveNoah'snameas"Abdal-A'Ia",WhydidtheImamthusgivemorethanonenameforNoah?Shaikhal-Saduqanswersthisquestionbysaying,"NarrationswithregardtoNoah'snameagree,notdisagree,withoneanother,andtheyallconveythathisnamemeant:aservantofAllah;so,heistheservantofal-Ghaffar(theoft-ForgivingOne),ofal-Malik(theKing),ofal-A'Ia(themostHigh).II4AccordingtoWahab,al-SaduqhasindicatedthatNoahwasacarpenter;histannedfacewasthinandlong,hiseyeswerelarge,hislegswerethinbuthisthighswerehuge,andsowashisbodyingeneral.Heisdescribedbyal-Saduqashavingbeenquitetallwithalargebelly,alongbeard,andbroadshoulders.Hewasveryforcefulwhenangryorwhenrebukinghispeople.WhenAllahchosehimtoconveyHismessagetothepeople,hewaseighthundredandfiftyyearsold.Aftertheflood,hecontinuedtoliveforsevenhundredyears;hence,helivedatotaloftwothousandandfivehundredyears.IThisisrecordedonp.

435,

Vol.

4,

ofal-Tibrisi'sexegesis

Mujma'

al-Bayiin

fi

Tafsiral-Qur'an.

2Refertop.

21

of

cflal

al-Shariii',3lbid.,

p.

21.

4lbid.

250

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