Judgement
22 June 2009
The Prosecutor v. Callixte Kalimanzira
, Case No. ICTR-05-88-Ti
TABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................... 1
1.
INDICTMENT ................................................................................................................... 12.
PROCEDURAL
SUMMARY ............................................................................................ 13.
OVERVIEW
OF
THE
CASE .............................................................................................. 1
CHAPTER II – PRELIMINARY ISSUES ............................................................................ 3
1.
INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 32.
DEFICIENT
PLEADINGS ................................................................................................. 3
2.1. Failure to Plead De Facto Authority ........................................................................... 3
2.2. Failure to Plead Superior Responsibility ..................................................................... 4
2.3. Incorrectly Pleaded Time Frames ................................................................................ 6
2.4. Withdrawal of Charges ................................................................................................ 6
3.
DEFECTIVE
INDICTMENT ............................................................................................. 6
3.1. Law ............................................................................................................................... 7
3.2. Cumulative Effect of Defects in the Indictment ............................................................ 8
4.
DISCLOSURE
VIOLATIONS ........................................................................................... 9
4.1. Documents Used in Cross-Examination ...................................................................... 9
4.2. Gacaca Records ......................................................................................................... 10
4.3. Butare Trial Transcripts............................................................................................. 11
5.
NOTICE
OF
ALIBI .......................................................................................................... 146.
EVIDENTIARY
ISSUES ................................................................................................. 15
CHAPTER III – FINDINGS ................................................................................................. 18
1.
PRELIMINARY
FINDINGS ............................................................................................ 18
1.1. The Accused................................................................................................................ 18
1.1.1. Employment History ............................................................................................ 181.1.2. Professional Position, 6 April – 25 May 1994 ..................................................... 201.1.3. Political Affiliations ............................................................................................. 211.1.4. De Jure and De Facto Authority .......................................................................... 22
1.2. Alibi ............................................................................................................................ 23
1.2.1. Evidence ............................................................................................................... 231.2.2. Deliberations ........................................................................................................ 26
1.3. Fabrication of Evidence ............................................................................................. 32
1.3.1. Evidence ............................................................................................................... 321.3.2. Deliberations ........................................................................................................ 352.
GENOCIDE ...................................................................................................................... 37
2.1. Applicable Law ........................................................................................................... 37
2.2. “MRND Palace” Meeting, 19 April ........................................................................... 38
2.2.1. Evidence ............................................................................................................... 382.2.2. Deliberations ........................................................................................................ 41
2.3. Other Meetings and Visits to Butare, April to mid-July ............................................. 42
2.3.1. Notice ................................................................................................................... 432.3.2. Butare Prefectural Security Council Meetings .................................................... 472.3.2.1. Evidence ........................................................................................................ 472.3.2.2. Deliberations .................................................................................................. 482.3.3. Muganza Commune Football Field Security Meeting ......................................... 502.3.3.1. Evidence ........................................................................................................ 502.3.3.2. Deliberations .................................................................................................. 522.3.4. Cemetery Rally and Arboretum Search ............................................................... 522.3.4.1. Evidence ........................................................................................................ 52
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